UNIT II Volleyball

LESSON 5
HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL, FACILITIES & EQUIPMENT, AND OBJECTIVES OF THE GAME
History of Volleyball
1. On February 9, 1895, in Holyoke, Massachusetts (USA), William G. Morgan, a YMCA Physical Education Director, created a new game called
Mintonette, as a pastime to be played preferably indoors, and by any number of players. The game took some of its characteristics from tennis,
handball and badminton. Four years earlier, another indoor sport, basketball was invented in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts. Mintonette
was designed to be an indoor sport less rough than basketball for older member of the YMCA, while still requiring a bit of athletic effort.
The first rule constructed by William G. Morgan was the requirement of a net 6ftx6in (1.98m) high, a 25fbx50ft (7.6mx15.2m) court, and any
number of players. A match was composed of nine innings with three serves for each team in each inning. There was no limit to the number of ball
contacts for each team before sending the ball to the opponents' court. In case of a serving error, a second try was allowed. Hitting the ball into
the net was considered a foul (with loss of the point or a side-out)-except in the case of the first-try serve.
In 1895, William G. Morgan, an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of
basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than
basketball. He created the Volleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6ftx6in above the floor,
just above the average man's head.
During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and
perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport.
After Alfred Halstead noticed the volleying nature of the game at its first exhibition match in 1896, played at the International YMCA Training
School (now called Springfield College), the game became quickly known as Volleyball.org - A Volleyball News Website Volleyball, org volleyball
(originally written in two words: "volley ball), Volleyball rules were slightly modified by the International YMCA Training School, and the game
spread around the country in various YMCAS.
The following year, after Spaulding Company made the ball, W.E Day developed new rules of the game. The net was raised to 7% feet, multiple hits
(dribbling) by one player was not allowed, and the game was set to 21 points. In 1912, the more modern version of the rules was Introduced, the
rule on the rotation of players before serving. The dimension of the court and the ball were standardized.
In 1916, the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) published the rules of the game
and made additional changes. The height of the net was set to 8 feet, the game score was set to 15 points, the match was set to the best of two
winning game (sets). Four years later, the rule on limiting the number of hits per side to three was established, and the ball must be played only
from above the waist.
The Incumbent president of the International Volleyball Federation (IVBF). The first Pan Asian Game was held in 1917, and was participated by the
Philippines and China. In the Pan Asian Game, the 16-man volleyball system was implemented which means that these 32 players Involved; 16
players for each side. Then in 1927, the Far Eastern Games Rules were adopted in the Philippines until 1936. There were nine players on one side,
there were 21 points to a set, a player was given an extra serve if he misses the first one (just like a tennis serve), players did not rotate. The court
was 21mx11m.
America introduced volleyball to Europe during the first and second world wars, as a recreational activity. The YMCA program was also
instrumental in bringing volleyball to many parts of the world. When volleyball was introduced in Europe, especially in the Soviet Union, they
created the European style, which was attack-oriented and perfected execution of the skills. This style of power volleyball made then dominate
volleyball in international competitions for three decades, winning several titles in both men and women divisions. Europe has the most titles in
the world volleyball championships, and in the Olympic Games: Czechoslovakia contributed to European volleyball with its highly individualistic
mastery in techniques and tactics.
In 1947, the International Volley Ball Federation (IVBF) was founded, with Paul Libaud as its first president. Under his term in 37 years, volleyball
improved by leaps and bounds. The IVBF unified rules were adopted for the first time.
In the East Asia, the Japanese developed their quick attack combinations and their devoted defense to be ranked in the world top level in the 60's
and 70's and the Chinese women's team in the 80's. Other countries contributed measures that raise volleyball to a highly competitive sport. The
Cabans were known for their great jumping ability. The USA men's team combining European and Asian styles of play, and implementing new
attack and defense tactics, dominated the Olympics and the world Championship.
Volleyball gained popularity worldwide. When volleyball was introduced in the Philippines, a Filipino started spiking, as one of the spectacular
aspects of offense. Spiking actually revolutionized the game and made the sport a highly competitive one. Dr. Ruben Acosta, acknowledged this in
his opening speech in the 1998 World Volleyball Grand Prix held in Manila.
The Philippine women's volleyball team used to dominate the ASEAN volleyball. The last time the team won the gold medal in the women's
division was in 1998 in Singapore ASEAN Games. Thailand won over the Philippine team because of Thailand's continuous, systematic and scientific
program. Thailand has dominated women ASEAN Volleyball, and is starting to challenge the dominance of Japan, Korea and China.
Volleyball is now a very popular sport and ranks next to soccer and football as the world's most popular sports. Volleyball is developing rapidly.
and enormously that technical progress and international rule changes have dramatically made volleyball spectators' sport. The direction of most
sports now is towards entertainment. Television is playing a big role in bringing spectacular volleyball to our homes played by top teams of the
world, both for men and for women.
Assessment Activity
1) On February 9, 1895, in Holyoke, Massachusetts (USA), Education Director, created a new game called Mintonette. a YMCA Physical
a) William G. Morgan
b) Dr. Ruben Acosta
c) Morgan Acosta
2) The game Volleyball was called
a) Mintonette
b) Mentonette
c) Montonette
3) The first rule constructed by. was the requirement of a net 6ftx6in (1.98m) high, a 25ftx50ft (7.6mx15.2m) court, and any number of players.
a) Dr. Ruben Acosta
b) William G. Morgan
c) Morgan Acosta
4) In William G. Morgan, an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass.
a) 1695
b) 1895
c) 1795
5) He created the Volleyball, at that time called mintonette.
a) William G. Morgan
17) When was introduced in the Philippines, a Filipino started spiking, as one of the spectacular aspects of offense.
a) Basketball
b) volleyball
c) Softball
18) The Philippine volleyball. women's volleyball team used to dominate the ASEAN
a) Children's Volleyball
b) Women's Volleyball
c) Men's Volleyball
19) In what year Philippine women's volleyball team won the gold medal in the women's division in Singapore ASEAN Games.
a) 1998
b) 1996
c) 1997
20) Volleyball is now a very popular sport and ranks next to as the world's most popular sports.
a) Basketball and football
b) soccer and football
c) Rugby and football
FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENTS
The game is played on a volleyball court 18m (59 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet) wide, divided into two, 9mx9m halves by one-meter (40-inch) wide
net placed, the top of the net is 2.43m (7 feet 11 5/8 inches) above the center of the court for men's competition, and 2.24m (7 feet 4 1/8 inches)
for women's competition (these heights vary for veterans and junior competitions).
The attack line is 5 meters and parallel to the net. This "Sm" (or 10 foot) line divides the court into "back row" and "front row" areas (also back
court and front court). These are in turn divided into 3 areas each and are numbered as: area "1", which is the position of the serving player, after
a team gains the serve (also known as siding out), its members must rotate in a clockwise direction, with the player previously in area "2" moving
to area "1" and so on, with the player from area "1" moving to area "6".
The team courts are surrounded by an area called the free zone which is a minimum of 3 meters wide, and which the players may enter, and play
within after the service of the ball. All lines denoting the boundaries of the team court and the attack zone are drawn or painted within the
dimensions of the area, and are therefore a part of the court or zone. If a ball comes in contact with the line, the ball is considered to be "in" An
antenna is placed on each side of the net perpendicular to the sideline, and is a vertical extension of the side boundary of the court. A ball passing
over the net must pass completely between the antennae (or their theoretical extensions to the celling) without contacting them Ball.
Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) regulations state that the ball must be spherical, made of leather or synthetic leather, has a
circumference of 65-7 cm, weighs 260-280g, with inside pressure of 0.30-0.325 kg/cm². Other governing bodies have similar regulations.
RECENT RULE CHANGES
In 2000, other rule changes were enacted in which included serves in which the ball touches the net, as long as it goes over the net into the
opponent’s court. Also, the service area was expanded to allow players to serve from anywhere behind the end line, but still within the theoretical
extension of the sidelines. Other changes were made to lighten up calls on faults for carries and double-touches, such as allowing multiple contacts
by a single player ("double-hits") on a team's first contact provided that they are a part of a single play on the ball.
In 2008, the NCAA changed the minimum number of points needed to win any of the first four sets from 30 to 25 for women's volleyball (men's
volleyball remained at 30.) If a fifth (deciding) set is reached, the minimum required score remains at 15. In addition, the word "game" is now
referred to as "set". (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.2001)
Assessment
1. The game is played on a wide court 18m (59 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet)
a) Basketball
b) Softball
c) Volleyball
2. The attack line is and parallel to the net.
a) 6 meters
b) 5 meters
c) 8 meters
3. The game volleyball is played on a court with wide.
a) 17m (58 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet)
b) 18m (59 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet)
c) 19m (59 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet)
4. The team courts are surrounded by an area called the minimum of 3 meters wide. which is a
a) Free Zone
b) Free Mode
c) Free Mood
5. A ball passing over the net must pass completely between the antennae (or their theoretical extensions to the ceiling) without contacting them
Ball.
a) Antennae
b) Net
c) Back Court
6. In 2000, other rule changes were enacted in which included serves in which the ball touches the net, as long as it goes over the net into the
opponent’s court.
a) ball touches the ball
b) ball touches the net
c) ball touches the court
7. In 2008, the changed the minimum number of points needed to win any of the first four sets from 30 to 25 for women's volleyball.
a) NCAA
b) YMCA
c) PBA
8. The court size of 18m (59 feet) long and 9m (29.5 feet) wide.
a) Basketball Court
b) Soccer Court
c) Volleyball Court
d) Futsal Court
LESSON 6
TERMINOLOGIES AND MECHANICS OF VOLLEYBALL
TERMINOLOGIES
Ace- A serves those results directly in a point without further action by players on the serving team. Typically, the ace can be detected due to
inability to touch the served ball or a shanked pass by a player on the receiving team. However, if the serve-receiving player passes the ball to
another player, and that second player can make a play on it, but fails, this serve is not considered an ace.
Antenna- The vertical rods along the outside edge of the net extending 32 inches above the net to indicate out-of-bounds along the sideline. Any
ball that touches the antenna is considered out.
Assist - Passing or setting the to a teammate who attacks the ball for a kill. The typical assist is a set, but generally, any ball delivered by one player
to a second player to allow that second player to make a kill is an assist.- A broad term that can mean many different things. At a high level, this
term is used to describe the offensive scheme or pattern with which a team attempts to score a point. At a lower level, this term refers to the
attempt by a player to score a point by hitting the ball in some manner.
Attack Attempt - The attempt by a player to terminate a play by hitting the ball to the floor on the opponent's side.
Back Set-A set made when the player who is setting the ball has his/her toward the hitter. Normally, the setter back sets but occasionally, a player
other than the setter decides to get fancy, and back sets to the designated hitter. It looks more difficult than it really is many players master back
setting at an early age.
Back Row Attack- Typically, a player who has rotated to the back row jumps behind the 3- meter line to hit the ball. When done by a flashy player
who puts some heat on the ball, the play is visually spectacular. However, regardless whether a player takes off, any play involving a back row
player attacking the ball is considered a back row attack. When accomplished by a short defensive specialist, the crowd goes wild with delight.
Block -The first line of defense where one or more players successfully terminate a rally or play in their favor, stop the ball from traveling over the
net. Typically, the blocking player(s) jump in front of the opposing hitter at the net to make contact with the ball, in such a way that the ball lands
inbound on the opposing hitter's court, or hits the opposing hitter before falling out of bounds.
Blocking Error - A violation consists of touching the net, crossing the center line, blocking a set, or any other violation which occurs while making a
block attempt.
Center Line -The boundary that runs under the net, and divides the court into two equal playing areas.
Court Dimensions-59 feet from endline to endline, and 29 feet, 6 inches wide (18mx9m).
Defensive Specialist (DS) - The position of a team which is responsible for digging and passing the ball in the back row. These players are normally
short, and substituted out when they rotate to the front row As befits their name, these players are not expected to contribute to the team's
offensive. Production Some of the greatest defensive specialists in the history of the game include Nalani Yamashita (Hawaii) and Jaimi Gregory.
Dig- The act of successfully receiving a ball. Almost always, the dig refers to the act of recovering an attacked ball close to the court floor. Some of
the best diggers in collegiate volleyball include Nalani Yamashita Hawaii), Stacy Sykora (Texas A&M), Jaimi Gregory (Stanford), and usually, any of
Kathy Gregory's UCSB teams.
Down-Referee -Secondary referee. He/she stands on the floor at the opposite end of the net as the up-referee
FIVB/IVBF-Federation Internationale de Volleyball/International Volleyball Federation.
Floater- A serve with no spin that follows an unpredictable path. Usually, the ball arcs high up at less than full speed and then, defying all laws of
physics, drops to the floor with the force of a 10- ton truck.
Focus- To concentrate attention or effort. To direct toward a common center or objective.
Foot Fault -The illegal act of placing a foot on, or inside the end line prior to the serve. Like tennis, the server's foot must always be located behind
the end line until the server serves the ball.
Forearm Pass - Contacting the ball with the forearms in order to deliver the ball to the setter in an underhanded manner.
Foul- A violation of the rules that was called by a referee. If the referees do not call it, a player gets away with it. No difference from any other
sport.
Free Ball - A delivered the net to the opposing team in a non-threatening manner because the ball was hit more like a pass, rather than a spike.
When this occurs, players on the opposing team normally and collectively yell "free!", while moving backwards away from the net to receive the
free ball, and set up a transition offensive play. Usually, but not always, the receiving team moves into its serve receive positions. Held Ball (carry)
A ball that comes to rest for more than the maximum allowable time during contact resulting in a foul. Again, this is a subjective call. Hit To
offensively strike the ball in an effort to terminate the rally for a side-out or point. The hit can be elther an overhand or underhand shot, so long as
the hit is made to terminate the rally.
Jump Serve - One of the most feared serves in volleyball. When executed consistently, the jump serve involves the server tossing the ball up and
making contact with the ball as it falls by jumping up in the air. The resulting served ball usually has more power, arc, and spin than the normal
serve. However, it is a risky serve for the serving team as, most players cannot execute it perfectly. Some of the best jump servers in college
volleyball include Logan Tom (Stanford) and Brittany Hochevar (Long Beach State)
Kill - A successful attack that terminates a play or rally resulting in an immediate point or side out by the team making the kill.
Let Serve- A legal serve attempt where the ball makes contact with the net while still managing to go over on the serve receiving team's side of the
court.
Libero - A player who can be substituted into a game freely in the back row for defensive purposes, ie, digging, passing. Required to wear a striking
and different color jersey, the libero is prohibited from serving or attacking the ball.
Line Shot -In contrast to a cross-court shot, a line shot refers to a hit attempt where the ball is directed along an opponent's sideline closest to the
hitter and usually outside the block.
Line Judge - Officials located at the corners of the court; each linesman is responsible for ruling, if the ball is legally in play along the lines for which
he/she is responsible.
Mintonette - The original name for the sport of volleyball given by Founder William Morgan.
Overhead Pass - A ball-handling skill using both hands simultaneously to contact the ball above the head, and direct it to the intended target.
Pass - The act of receiving and delivering the ball to the setter Technically, a pass is made by Joining the arms from the elbows to the wrists, and
making contact with the ball on the forearms in an underhand motion to direct the ball to the setter. The pass is considered the most important
fundamental element of volleyball.
Ready Position - The flexed, yet comfortable posture which a player assumes before moving to the point of contact.
Red Card - A more severe sanction given by the up-referee.
Rally Point Score (or RPS) - Simply put, every play will result in a point regardless of who served the ball. Rally score has been used in international
play for years. But the United States high school and collegiate games were played with the conventional sideout scoring system.
Rotation-The collective clockwise movement of players on a team around their side of the court following a side out. Each rotation determines the
identity of the server
Screening - The Illegal act of obstructing the view of the opposing team by preventing them from visually seeing the server, with players on the
server's team at the time of the serve Typically, players on the server's team gather together in close proximity to create a "wall" or "screen" so
that the opposing team cannot determine how, when, and where to serve. The players on the server's team must be separated from each other by
at least 1 meter.
Serve-The act by one player to put the ball into play. The serving player is usually identified by the current rotation. When serving, the player must
be located in a designated area behind the back line.
Setter (S)- The position on a team which is considered the leader and "quarterback" (to use an overused analogy), who is normally responsible for
delivering the ball to one of the other players for an attack attempt. In the past, setters were usually shorter, and were not expected to contribute
to blocking, and to the team's offensive production. Recently, the trend is to train athletic taller players so that they can also block and attack the
ball when necessary. Some of the greatest setters in the history of the USA Womens Volleyball Team include Debbie Green (USC, 1976-77), Lisa
Sharpley (Stanford, 1994-97), Robyn Ah Mow (Hawaii, 1993-96), and Misty May (Long Beach State 1995-98),
Sideout-In contrast to the rally point scoring system, the side-out scoring system mandates that the only time a team scores a point is when the
play ends in the serving team's favor. Also, the term refers to a situation where a play ends in the serve receiving team's favor, so that the serve
receiving team now earns the right to serve the next play.
Underhand Serve - Although most players serve overhand for greater power, the underhand serve was successfully employed by the Japanese
teams. Arguably, the underhand serve is a more conservative, "safer," and accurate serve than the overhand serve.
Up Referee - The main or first referee. He/she stays on a stand.
USAV-United States Volleyball (formerly USVBA)
USPV-United States Professional Volleyball
Yellow Card- A warning given by the up-referee.
Assessment Activity
1. Typically, a player who has rotated to the back row jumps behind the 3-meter line to hit the ball.
a) Back Row Attack
b) Front Row Attack
c) Side Row Attack
2. A set made when the player who is setting the ball has his/her toward the hitter.
a) Front Set
b) Back Set
c) Sideward Set
3. The boundary that runs under the net, and divides the court into two equal playing areas.
a) Center Line
b) Front Line
c) Back Line
4. A serves those results directly in a point without further action by players on the serving team.
a) Ace
b) Ice
c) Lace
5. The first line of defense where one or more players successfully terminate a rally or play in their favor, stop the ball from traveling over the net.
a) Blocking
b) Block
c) Black
6. The original name for the sport of volleyball given by Founder William Morgan.
a) Mintonette
b) Rugby
c) Montonette
7. A successful attack that terminates a play or rally resulting in an immediate point or side out by the team making the kill.
a) Kill
b) Block
c) Ace
8. A player who can be substituted into a game freely in the back row for defensive purposes, ie, digging, passing.
a) Libero
b) Setter
c) Pass
9. The flexed, yet comfortable posture which a player assumes before moving to the point of contact.
a) Back Position
b) Ready Position
c) Last Position
10. Serve-The act by one player to put the ball into play.
a) Kill
b) Serve
c) Free ball
MECHANICS
Rules and Regulations
The play starts in toss coin.
A. PLAYERS
1. Teams consist of six players. However, a team may start or continue the game with four players.
2. This event will be co-ed (minimum of 2 females on the score card and official roster), one female player must be playing on the court at all times.
3. All games shall be played with the "NO SIDE OUT" rule. That is, a point is scored on every possession.
4. Preliminary Games: A game shall be won by the team that has scored 25 points and is at least two points ahead with a cap at 27. A match is
consisting of only one game and sides will be switched once 13 points has been reached by one team.
5. Semifinal & Final Games: A game shall be won by the team that has scored 25 points, and is at least two points ahead. A match is consisting of
best two-out-of-three games.
6. The ball may not be played off in an adjacent court.
7. Any ball which hits the ceiling or any outside object is out of play.
8. Each team is allowed one 60-second time-outs per game, during which rotation can change, and substitutions can be made.
9. For safety reasons, jewelry should not be worn during play, or should be taped.
10. There are two substitutions allowed per team, per game which can take place at service.
B. SERVICE
1. Winner of the coin toss shall choose to serve or receive
2. Server must remain behind service line, until ball is contacted
3. If the ball is served before the referee's whistle, the ball is dead, and the point is re-served.
4. If a team's player serve, out of order, the team loses serve, and any points scored while serving out of order. The players of the team at fault
must take their correct positions.
5. Any attempt to screen the receiving team from seeing the trajectory of the serve will result in a point and possession. This includes two or more
players standing together, or one layer with his hands above his head, as the serve passes over him/them.
6. At the time the ball is contacted for the serve, the players on the court must be in their proper order.
C. PLAYING THE BALL
1. Each team is allowed three successive contacts of the ball in order to return it
2. The ball may be hit with any part of the body above the waist.
3. The ball can contact any number of body parts, provided that such contacts are simultaneous, and what the ball rebounds immediately and
cleanly
4. Touching a ball in an attempt to block does not count as a touch, and the same player may make the first contact.
5. Contact with the ball must be brief and instantaneous. When the ball visibly comes to rest momentarily in the hands and arms of a player, it is
considered as having been held. Scooping, lifting, pushing, or carrying the ball are forms of holding. A ball clearly hit from a position below the ball
is considered a good hit.
6. Receiving a served ball with an overhead pass using open hands is not necessarily a fault.
7. If, after simultaneous contact by opponents, the ball falls out-of bounds, the team on the opposite side shall be deemed as having caused it to
go out-of-bounds.
8. When two players of the same team simultaneously contact a ball, it is considered one contact, and either player may make the next contact.
9. A player is not allowed to attack the ball on the opponent's side of the net.
10. No player shall assist a teammate by holding him/her while they are playing the ball. It is legal to hold a player not playing the ball in order to
prevent a fault.
11. A back-row player may not cause a ball, which is completely above the height of the net to cross over to the opponent's side, unless he/ she is
either on the ground completely behind the 3- meter line or is in the air, having jumped from the behind line. If any part of the line is touched by
the attacking player, it is a violation.
D. BLOCKING
1. Blocking may be legally accomplished only by the players who are in the front-line at the time of service. Back-line players may not participate in
a block.
2. The team which has affected a block shall have the right to three additional contacts after the block.
3. Any player participating in a block shall have the right to make the next contact, such contact counting as the first team hit. Multiple contacts of
the ball by a players participating in a block shall be legal, provided it is during one attempt to intercept the ball.
4. Multiple contacts of the ball by a player participating in a block. Shall be legal, provided it is during one attempt to intercept the ball.
5. Multiple contacts of the ball during a block shall be considered a single contact, even though the ball may make multiple contacts with one or
more players of the block.
6. Blocking and/or spiking a served ball is prohibited.
7. It is legal to block a ball on the opponent's side of the net provided, in the opinion of the official, the trajectory of the ball would have caused it
to break the plane of the net.
8. A blocked ball is considered to have crossed the net.
E. PLAY AT THE NET
1. Play will continue during the serve, even if the ball makes contact with the net and crosses over.
2. If a player's action causes him/her to contact the net during play, accidental or not, with any part of the body or shall be charged with a fault.
3. If opponents contact the net simultaneously, it shall constitute a double fault, and the point shall be replayed.
4. If a player accidentally contacts any part of the net supports, such contact should not be counted as a fault, provided that it has no effect on
sequence of play. Intentional contact or grabbing of such objects shall be penalized as a fault.
5. Contacting the opponents playing areas with any part of the body, except the feet is a fault. Touching the opponent's area with a foot is not a
fault, provided that some parts of the encroaching foot remain on or above the centerline, and does not interfere with the play of an opponent.
F. FAULTS
1. Faults result in a point.
2. A fault shall be declared when:
a. the ball touches the floor.
b. the ball is held, thrown, or pushed.
c. a team has played the ball more than three times consecutively.
d. the ball touches a player below the waist.
e. player touches the ball twice consecutively.
f. a team is out of position at serve. g. a player touches the net.
g. a player completely crosses the center point and contacts the opponent's playing area.
h. a player attacks the ball above the opponent's playing area.
i. a back-line player while in the attack area hits the ball into the opponent's court from above the height of the net.
j. a ball lands outside the court or touches an object outside the court.
k. the ball is played by a player being assisted by a teammate as a means of support.
l. a player reaches under the net and touches the ball or a means of support, opponent while the ball is being played by the opposite team.
m. the game is delayed persistently.
n. a blocking is performed illegally.
o. illegally served ball or service fault.
G. PROVOKE AND RETALIATION RULES
The one that provokes the harm will be ejected from the game/ tournament and subsequent games in following three years. The players who
retaliate will be ejected and banned for two years.
Note: All rules and regulations are subject to modifications by the ZSC sports coordinator without prior written notice.
LESSON 7A
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS & DRILLS THE SERVE
SERVE. The serve is obviously an important part of a volleyball match. A highly effective serve will score an outright winner an ace. Even if it is not
an outright winner, a serve can still put the opponents in a weaker position by forcing an unruly pass, and possibly a weak set. The best method of
devastating a powerful offense is to deliver a tough serve, and force them into a slower or less desirable option of attack.
There are several types of serves. Top players may master several, but few players master them all. For beginners, the most important factors in
serving are speed and accuracy. The first goal is to get the ball into the court with speed; the next concern is to maneuver the ball to the defense's
weakness. The rules require that the server remain behind the end line until the ball contacts.
The Serve. To serve is to put the ball in play, to start every rally. It is one skill that is under total control. It is a form of attack because with a strong
and tough serve, it can put pressure on the opponents. The serve is not only an offensive weapon that can score points, but a defensive one, as
well, by causing the receiver to make bad passes to the setter, thus lessening the team's attack options.
Serving Styles
A. UNDERHAND SERVE- Although most players serve overhand for greater power, the underhand serve was successfully employed by the
Japanese teams arguably; the underhand serve is a more conservative, "safer," and accurate serve than the overhand serve.
MECHANICS OF THE UNDERHAND SERVE
1. Left foot is slightly forward (Right foot for left handed server). And pointing towards the net.
2. Extend the shelf hand or tossing hand in front the body.
3. The hitting arm is held in a relaxed, but ready position, extended straight and back.
4. Low, consistent and no spin toss.
5. The server watches the ball, and should be focused to contact the ball at the proper time.
6. Do the 1-2 rhythm: (count one toss the ball count 2 hit it) as the toss is made, put the body weight on the rear foot, as the hit is made, put the
body weight on the lead foot (think of the movement of a rocking chair). The rhythm helps the server gain the desired.
7. Hit the ball tossed on top of the lead foot after making short half steps.
8. Contact the ball with open or closed hands. If contacted with open hands, the rigid open palm contact point should be unyielding, and
consistent at contact.
9. Make a follow through by seeing your arm extend forward after the contact.
B. THE OVERHEAD FLOAT SERVE. This volleyball serve is one of the basics. The alignment of feet, hips, and shoulders sets up the proper serve
position. From proper weight transfer on approach to hand position at the point of contact, leam the right way to serve the volleyball.
MECHANICS OF THE OVERHEAD SERVE
1. The footwork is similar to the underhand serve.
2. The tossing arm held out in front of the body.
3. The hitting arm is held above the right shoulder with the elbow the shoulder.
4. The one-two (toss-hit) rhythm is used.
5. Toss the ball above the head and in front of the shoulder after, shifting the weight forward to the front foot.
6. Contact the ball with the open hand made into a "wooden board" rigid, fingers held tightly together.
7. Make a follow through by seeing your hand and arm extended forward
II. Serving Tactics
1 Serve to a weak receiver.
2. Serve to where a switching is taking place.
3. Serve to weak sports.
4. Serve to a player who has just committed an error.
5. Serve to a substitute who has just entered the court.
6. Hit the best spiker.
III. When should a serve not miss a serve?
1. If the player is the first serve to start a set.
4. After a time out called by the opponent.
2. If the player being followed in the rotation serve has made a serve error.
5. during primetime or towards the end of the set. (Score is 24 all or 24-25)
A. The Jump Floater Serve. A firm wrist and a focus on the toss will help in a successful Jump Floater. A coach demonstrates proper body position,
as well as ball position, to get the point across and the ball across as well.
B. The Serve with Top Spin. The most difficult part of this volleyball serve is the ball toss. Using much of the same technique as a ground Top Spin
Serve, Jump Serve follows a toss, approach, attack pattern that will get the player and the ball in the air.
C. The Top Spin Serve. "Point the toes where a player wants the ball to go. For this volleyball serve a player needs to use more than his/her toes. A
wrist and top of the ball contact will get him/her the spin necessary for an Impressive serve.
Assessment
1. What is serving in volleyball?
2. Give at least 4 MECHANICS OF THE UNDERHAND SERVE
3. Give at least 5 Serving Tactics
o. a blocking is performed illegally.
p. illegally served ball or service fault.
LESSON 7C
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS & DRILLS
THE ATTACK- The attack is one of the most exciting parts of the game, the attack. is done usually on the third contact which could be a spike or
smash, tips or "dink. The spike is the most common attack. To spike is to put away the ball from the top of the net with considerable force towards
the opponents' court.
MECHANICS OF THE SPIKE
1. Approach: Feet, shoulder width apart. Knees are bent. The body is bent forward at the waist. The head is held up. The approach, can be four,
three or two steps. The four-step approach is used for high sets.
The two or three step approaches are used for quick sets. In the standard four-step approach, the first step is a timing step usually slow the second
step is a directional step toward the spot, where the set will be hit. It is a long faster step. The next step is show and fast, to change a horizontal
drive into a vertical jump. The last step serve as a brake to the forward movement to prepare for the jump for right handed spikers. The rhythm is
right, left. The reverse is true for the left-handed spikers.
2. The Jump: The last two steps of the approach (right-left) a beginning of the jump as the knees are flexed. The arms swing backward, forward
then up as the vertical jump begins.
3. The Contact and Hit: The spiking arm is moved back and into a hitting position. The hitting arm swings upward and forward to contact the ball
which is usually 2 to 3 feet in front of the hitting shoulder with a wrist snaps. Spike or hit, and make a follow through. See the hands forward after
the hit, land on the balls of the feet, and avoid crossing the centerline.
7 TYPES OF ATTACK
1. Regular Spike. Full on swing for a spike.
2. Dink. A light where the ball is hit lightly to an open spot on the court.
3. Tip. Where the hitter hits the ball barely over the block so it drops behind the blocker.
4. Down the Line. Where the ball is hit down the sideline.
5. Cross Court. Where the ball is hit across the court to the opposite sideline.
6. Push. The hitter pushes the ball with two hands to an open spot on the court or pushes the ball deep in the court or to a corner.
7. Roll. The hitter rolls their hand over the ball and it spins slowly and low over the net.
THE BLOCK. To block is to attempt the ball from the opponents’ side before it crosses the vertical plane of the net. It is the first line of defense
against any opponents’ attack.
MECHANICS OF THE BLOCK
1. Ready Position: the blocker starts at the net with the feet parallel and balanced. The arms are held high with the spread fingers.
2. Read: See the passer and the type of service receive reaching the setter. Poor reception usually lessens the setter’s option so that blockers can
read the player to be set and to be blocked. Read the hitter. Do not watch the ball.
3. Preparation: Before jumping, the blocker should position in front of the spiker’s favorite angle of attack always jump to where spiker has made
his last jump.
4. Take-off: Jump at least a meter from the net. The hands should penetrate over the net. The rule is : “Eyes up, head, head down”. Keep the eyes
open all the time.
5. Contact: attempt to contact the ball with the open hands be facing downward. They should be strong and are angled towards the opponent’s
floor.
6. Follow-through: Once contact has been made, or the ball has passed the block to prevent touching the net. The blocker lands turn back quickly
to assist in defense or back pedal for a transition play.
The flags should be solid red in color and of a recommended size of approximately 12 inches by 12 inches to approximately 16 inches by 16 inches.
The flag and hand grip should be securely affixed to the pole.
1. Inbounds: Point with the flag down and toward the middle of the court.
2. Out-of-Bounds: Raise the flag, arm extended.
3. Obtaining First Referee's Attention: Raise flag over head and wave to obtain the first referee's attention, when necessary.
4. Touch: Raise the flag to shoulder height in front of body and place the open palm of the other hand on top of the flag.
5a. Ball Outside or Hitting Antenna: Wave the flag over the head and point to the antenna.
5b. Service Line Fault: Wave the flag over the head and point the service area using index finger, extended arm shoulder height.
6. View of Play Blocked: Raise and cross both arms in front of the chest, palms facing the body.
NOTE: Flags shall be used by line judges, unless determined by the state association to use hand signals.