01 - Box Culvert Detailed Design Report 14 - Dec 2019

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA
PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT
TANZANIA RURAL AND URBAN ROADS AGENCY
Kigamboni Municipality
HYDROLOGY, HYDRAULICS AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DETAILED

REPORT
DETAILED DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MBUTU BOX CULVERT

(3Cell-2.5x3.0M)
December 2019
Detailed Design and Construction of Mbutu Box Culvert (3Cells-2.5x3.0m)
Design Report, December - 2019
Table of contents
1 HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS, DRAINAGE STRUCTURES STUDIES .................................... 1
1.1 General................................................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Hydrological Manipulation ................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Runoff computation ............................................................................................................................. 2
1.4 Crossing Structures ............................................................................................................................. 4
2 QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATES ................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Determination of Cost Estimates ........................................................................................................ 9
2.2 Unit Rates ........................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Cost Estimates .................................................................................................................................. 10
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2-1: Summary of Detailed Cost Estimates ............................................................................................. 10
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: TRRL EA flood model ..................................................................................................................... 9
ANNEXES
Annex I: Structural Calculation Report
Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page i

1 HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS, DRAINAGE STRUCTURES STUDIES
1.1 General
The road passes over a flat to hilly terrain, with most of the natural drain channels and river
running eastwards. The catchments are depicted in the topographical map which
corresponding cross box structure. The largest catchment is at river crossing (as in profile
drawings) and is associated with a seasonal stream which overflows existing 4 cell culverts
during heavy rains. The characteristics of this catchment area are as follows:
Size: 5.018 km²
Length of design stream: 3.75 km
Slope of stream: 0.31%
Land slope: 0.67%
The rest of the catchment are depicted in table 1 and 2.
The hydrology and hydraulic analysis/calculations are presented in this chapter and the
summarised observations and findings made on the basis of the review of existing reports
(Improvement of Storm Water Drainage Systems in Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Area in
Support of Preparation of the Proposed DMDP) and data, Engineers reconnaissance and
detailed road inventory and visual condition surveys of the existing drainage structures.
Recommendations are made based on Employer’s requirements, design principles,
methods, criteria and standards applied in the drainage elements and design criteria.
1.2 Hydrological Manipulation
The rational method for computing runoff from storm water runoff is generally applicable to
areas of size up to 2 square kilometres and for urban conditions up to 80 hectors. Runoff
coefficients used in the project catchments are obtained from the land use Master plan,
recommended as follows:
Table No. 1
Land use Imperviousness coefficient
Green areas/gardens 0.25
Low density occupation (villages) 0.5
Informal settlements 0.6
High density occupation (City 0.75
center, Public, institutional)
Industrial, Commercial, Roads 0.9
Intensity of rainfall used in the formula for estimating runoff is obtained from the IDF curve
(Intensity-Duration Frequency Curve) of Dar-es-Salaam for 5-year return period rainfall,
(see fig 2) with a duration of 15 minutes flat rate time of concentration. (All catchments within
the `less than 80 hectors` area category have times of concentration less than 15 minutes)
Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 1


Table 2 below gives the estimated runoff quantities of runoff for areas less than 80 hectors
using the Rational Method.
Areas of the size 2 km² (above 80 hectors in the project area) but not exceeding 200 km²
are investigated by the use of the TRRL East African Flood model report 623 and 706. The
model is based on rural catchments data collected in Kenya and Uganda, (and also
applicable to Tanzania) and with suitable modifications and assumptions the model can be
used in urban catchments.
Both runoff estimations have been applied to catchment nr 3 (size 71.4 ha) as it lies in the
borderline of the size demarcations. The 5-year rain event gives a runoff of 14.4m3/s using
the rational method, and a runoff of 5.5m3/s by the TRRL EA flood model. The latter has
been adopted for the project.
For the catchment, the following parameters have been adopted/arrived at:
Lag time (K) = 0.3 hrs. (for large bare soil patches)
Standard contributing area coefficient (Cs) = 0.38 (Table 4, for slightly impeded
drainage)
Catchment wetness factor (Cw) = 1 (Ephemeral stream)
Land use factor (CL) = 1.5 (Largely bare soil)
Rainfall time for 25 yrs. storm (Tp) = 4 hrs
Design contributing area coefficient, (CA) = (0.38)(1)(1.5)
= 0.57
1.3 Runoff computation
Initial retention is zero.

1ˢᵗ iteration:
Base time, Tb = Tp+2.3K+TA
= 4+2.3x1.5+0
= 7.45 hrs.
Tb 24.33 n 10/24
Rainfall during base time, Rtb = (
24 Tb+0.33
) R
Using rainfall maps: 2year 24hrs rainfall = 82mm (drg 1 of TRRL report 623)
Hence 25-year point rainfall = 82x1.64
= 134.5 mm
7.45 24.33 0.76
𝑅7.45 = (
24 7.45+0.33
) × 134.5
= 99.31mm
Area reduction factor ARF = 1-0.04T −1/3 A1/2
= 1-0.04× 7.45−1/3 × 5.0181/2


= 0.954
-Average rainfall, P = 0.954x99.31 mm = 94.75 mm
Runoff, Ro = Ca(p-y)A103
= 0.57(94.75-0)5.018x103
= 271020.6 m3
271020.6
Average rainfall, Qarg = 0.93x7.45×60×60
= 9.40 m3/s
(When the hydrograph base time is measured to a point on a recession curve where the flow
is 10% of the peak flow (definition of base time in linear reservoir analogy in which the East
African flood prediction modelling is based), the volume under the hydrology is ≈ 7% less
than the total runoff)
Attenuation time is TA
0.28×L
=
Qarg 1/4 ×S1/2
0.28×3.75
= 9.41/4 ×0.0311/2
≈ 1.077 hrs
≈ 1.08 hrs
2nd iteration
Tb = 7.45 hrs+1.077 hrs. = 8.527 hrs.
𝟖.𝟓𝟐𝟕 24.33
Rtb = 24
(8.527+0.33)0.76 × 134.5
= 103.00 mm
ARF = 1-0.04× 8.527−1/3 × 5.0181/2
= 0.956
Average rainfall = 0.956X103.00 mm = 98.48 mm
Runoff = 0.57X98.48X5.018X103 = 281685.6 m3
281685.6
Qarg = = 9.18 m3/s
8.527×3600
0.028×L
TA, attenuation time =
Qarg 1/4 ×S1/2
0.028×3.75
= 9.181/4 ×0.0311/2
= 1.083 hrs (No much difference from iteration 1)
Therefore, accepted average flow (25-year design flow) =9.18 m3/s
Peaking factor F = 2.8 for K less than 0.5 hrs
(2.3 for K greater than 1 hr.)
-Peak flow = 2.8X9.18 ≈ 38 m3/s


Table 1 below gives the estimated runoff quantities of runoff for areas more than 80 hectors
using the TRRL EA Flood Model Method.
1.4 Crossing Structures
i) Culvert option:
The design flow in the 10-year peak flow = 38 m3/s.
Adopt multicellular RC box culvert:
Try 3 nos. 3m opening x 2.5m height culvert.
Culverts flowing full will make use of the watering openings available.
Openings height
should generally not exceed 1.2 times the culvert height or the depth of tail
water. For urban conditions, especially where area is flat, the height
should not exceed 1 time.
(a) Inlet control conditions: use monogram fig. 4.9A.
Discharge per meter run = 38/10 = 3.8 m3/s/m
With wing wall flare 30⁰-75⁰, Hw/D = 0.6 <1 OK
2
Flow area for a single cell = 3mx1.5m = 4.5m (0.6x2.5m=1.5m)
Wetted perimeter = 3m+2x1.5m = 6.0m i.e. R = 4.5/6 = 0.75
Velocity of flow in box culvert = Q/A = 12.67/4.5 m/s = 2.82 m/s
(b) Outlet control
The total head (H) required to pass water through a culvert is
determined by
H = Hv+He+Hf
Where He = velocity head
𝑣2
He = entrance loss = Key 2𝑔
19.6 v2
He = friction loss = R1.33 n2 l × 2g
V is mean velocity of flow in culvert barrel

Key is entrance loss coefficient
The coefficient Key = 0.2 for concrete pipe with headwalls and wing walls.
19.6 2 v2
H = (1+ Key + 1.33 n L)
R 2g
19.6 2.822
H = (1+ 0.2 +0.751.33 × 0.0152 × 9) 2×9.81
= 0.509m
Head water depth under outlet control is calculated with
How = H+h0-LS0
H0 is tail water depth

L is length of culvert
S0 is slope of culvert
h0, when the outlet level is below the culvert soffit, h0 is taken as the
greater of tail water
dc+D
Depth (1.8 m) Tw or 2
Critical depth for the box culvert cell is (q2/g) 1/3

= (3.82/9.81)1/3 = 1.138 m
dc+D 1.138+2.5
= = 1.819m Vic = √gyc
2 2
= √9.81 × 1.138
= 3.34 m/s.
How = 0.509+1.819-9x0.0031
=2.30m for inlet control - Outlet controls the flow.
As outlet velocity is high > 2 m/s and as is under outlet control, outlet velocity head loss
v2
should be considered. A reduction in the velocity head exit loss is He = Kev 2g where kiva
v2 vd 2
0.8 − s
2g 2g
is v2
2g
𝑣𝑑𝑠 Is a downstream velocity, Kev is velocity head coefficient

Assuming a paved outlet, of width not less than the culvert opening, (9m), depth of tail
water will be 1.1m (see spreadsheet), and velocity will be 3.46m/s.
v2 vd 2
0.8 − s
2g 2g
Kv = v2
2g
0.8 v2 − vd 2
= v2
0.8× 2.822 − 3.462
= 2.822
= −0.705
0.705×2.822
Hv = 2×9.81
= 0.186 m
H = 2.30+0.186
Outlet control H = 2.386 which is satisfactory (less than 2.5m
culvert height).

TABLE No. 2
ESTIMATION OF RUNOFF QUANTITIES by TRRL EA Flood Model
Catch. Area Land Channel Channel Lag

No. Km2 Slope Slope Length Time K
(Km)
1 5.0 0.007 0.003 0.750 0.3
TABLE No. 2 continued.
Cs Cw Cl Ca Y
0.38 1.00 1.50 0.570 0.000

0.38 1.00 1.50 0.570 0.000
0.38 1.00 1.50 0.570 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.45 0.50 0.50 0.113 0.000
0.38 0.50 0.50 0.095 0.000
0.38 0.50 0.50 0.095 0.000


R2Year n Tp R10/2 RD10
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36

99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36
TB1 RTb1 ARF1 P1 RO1 Q1 TA2 TB2
0.947403659
4.69 105.287 0.946 99.651 285,027 15.700 0.947403659 5.637

4.69 105.287 0.971 160.497 150,947 8.314 0.607117815 5.297
4.69 105.287 0.988 103.161 41,984 2.313 0.055081512 4.745
11.82 135.542 1.000 135.542 0 0.000
8.83 125.504 1.000 125.504 0 0.000
22.4 159.576 1.000 159.576 0 0.000
12.05 136.224 1.000 136.224 0 0.000
8.6 124.620 1.000 124.620 0 0.000
22.4 159.576 1.000 159.576 0 0.000
14.35 142.520 1.000 142.520 0 0.000
5.61 110.821 1.000 110.821 0 0.000
RTb2 ARF2 P2 RO2 Q2 TA3 TB3
110.973 0.950 105.386 301,432 13.81 0.978 5.668

110.584 0.971 107.324 104.161 4.92 3.862 8.552
110.032 0.980 107.819 43,880 2.39 0.055 4.745

RTb3 ARF3 P3 RO3 Q3 TA4
111.144 0.950 105.558 301,924 13.760 0.979

124.431 0.975 121.305 114,087 3.446 0.757
105.641 0.980 103.516 42,129 2.294 0.055
DISCHARGE (m3/sec)
10yrs 2yrs 5yrs 25yrs 50yrs 100yrs
33.53 23.50 29.14 38.53 50.09 55.48
TABLE No. 3
ESTIMATION OF RUNOFF BY RATIONAL METHOD
Time of
Catchment A[km²] A[ha] concentration[TC] c I[mm/hr] Runoff[m3]
1 0.041 4.1 15 0.6 120 1
Table No. 4
SCHEDULE OF CROSS DRAINAGE STRUCTURES
Schedule of cross drainage structures
Sno. Chainage[km] Structure[no.xm] Type Design flow[m³/s] Structure Hydraulic Capacity[m³/s] Remarks Catchment
1 0 3-3.0x2.5 RC Box 38.53 66 Outlet controlled 1


Figure 2
IDF Curves
250
2YRS
5YRS
200 10YRS
25YRS
100YRS
150
2YRS(+15%)
5YRS(+15%)
100
10YRS(+15%)
100YRS(+15%)
Intensity (mm/h)
50
0
15 150
Duration (minutes) - Logarithmic scale
Figure 1-1: TRRL EA flood model
2 COST ESTIMATES
2.1 Determination of Cost Estimates

Determination of the quantities for the various aspects of the design has been made for
entire drainage structure and approach road.
AUTOCARD CIVIL 3D (Computer-Aided Road Design), design programme, has been used
to produce the various road and structural components quantities.
The road cross-section and structure analysed is that detailed in book of drawing.
For all other items, quantities have been calculated based on detailed design requirements
as determined from the site investigations.
Preliminary and General Items, Day works and Ancillary works have been estimated based
on experienced of the ongoing projects in Dar es Salaam.
10% allowance has been made for contingencies during the period of construction. The
estimate is in TZS Tanzania Shillings.
The cost of design is not included.
2.2 Unit Rates
Considering the nature and extent of the Works to be undertaken for this project, it is
deemed that the experienced and well-equipped contractors could successfully undertake


and complete the works in a competent and satisfactory manner. All costing, therefore, are
based on this assumption.
The unit rates are based on the presumption of a non-restricted tender in which contractors
from countries with low foreign personnel costs and overheads, who are - or have been -
active in Tanzania or elsewhere in the Region, can be expected to submit very competitive
bids, with rates appreciably below conventionally derived unit rates.
For the major construction items the unit rates have been derived from first principles and
compared with the rates in force on an ongoing project of a similar nature being undertaken
by this Region. Particular is the recent ongoing project of Dar es Salaam Metropolitan
Development Project (DMDP).
2.3 Cost Estimates
On the basis of the analysis, the estimated Total Investment Costs and the average
construction cost per kilometre is as shown in Table 2-1 below.
TOTAL OVERALL INVESTMENT COST
Contract Name : CONSTRUCTION OF MBUTU BOX CULVERT AND APPROACH ROAD

(150M) IN KIGAMBONI MUNICIPALITY
Item Amount
Description
T.Shs
Bill 1000 General 21,843,049.45
MBUTU BOX CULVERT AND APPROACH ROAD (150M)

Bill 2000 Drainage 7,204,440.00
Bill 3000 Earthworks and Pavement Layers 48,083,875.00
Bill 5000 Ancillary Roadworks 9,570,000.00
Bill 6000 Structures 161,051,580.00
Bill 7000 Testing and Quality Control (Provisional) 3,450,000.00
Bill 8000 Dayworks (Provisional) -
Subtotal of Bills 229,359,895.00
(A) Subtotal of Bills 251,202,944.45
(B) Add 10% of Subtotal (A) for contingencies 25,120,294.44
(C) Subtotal {(A) + (B)} 276,323,238.89
(D) Add 18% of Subtotal (C) as VAT 49,738,183.00
Total carried to Letter of Bid {(A) + (B) +(D)} 326,061,421.89

Table 2-1: Summary of Detailed Cost Estimates
Detailed Cost Estimates (BoQ) are provided in separate volume.

ANNEX I
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION REPORT

Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
Detailed Design of Mbutu Box Culvert
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd Client
Internet: http://www.prokon.com TARURA KIGAMBONI
E-Mail : mail@prokon.com Calcs by Checked by Date
David Kapinga Eng. David Kapinga November 2019
3.0 Structural Design (3 -2.5 x 3.0m Box Culverts)
3.1) Loading Case 1: Maximum vertical load and maximum horizontal load
BD 31/01
Table 3.2
Appendix A
200
Diagram A/1 Live Load
Pavement
P3 (Live)
P2 (Pavement)
P1(Fill)
H1 H1
350
2.5m
2.5m
350 350
3.0m 3.0m
350
H4 H3 H2 H2 H3 H4
DEAD LOAD
Consider a box culvert 3-2.5 x 3.0m, tslab = 0.35m, twall = 0.35m,

overburden =0.6m
gconcrete = 24 kN/m2 , gfl = 1.15, gf3 = 1.1
Self weight of slab

Slab =
Wslab = gc. tslab. gfl. gf3
10.63
= 24 ×0.35 ×1.15 ×1.1 kN/m2
= 10.63 kN/m2
BD 31/01 Superimposed dead loads (vertical)

Fig 3.1
b = 1.15 P1 , Pressure from fill;gfill = 20kN/m2 ; b = 1.15
P1 = gfill. H . gf3. gfl. b
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.2 ×1.15 P1 =12.14
= 12.14 kN/m2 kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
2
Job Title Detailed Design of Mbutu Box Culvert
P2 , Pressure from pavement;gpav = 22kN/m2
P2 = gpav. H . gf3. gfl. b
= 22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.75 ×1.15 P2 =
= 9.74 kN/m2 9.74kN/m2
BD 31/01 Live loads
Clause 3.2.1 Vertical live loading (HA) for cover exceeding 600mm;
HA = 37.5 units of HB loading or 100kN HA wheel
BD 37/01 1 unit of HB = 10kN/axle

Clause 6.3.1 37.5 Units of HB = 375kN/axle
= 375/4
= 93.75kN/wheel
BD 31/01 Contact area, A, for 93. 75kN/wheel;

Clause 3.2.1 (c) Pressure = 1.1 N/mm2
L
A =
P
93750
=
1.1
= 292 mm2
Take a square area of 292 x 292 mm

292mm
1
600mm
892mm Slab
Transverse with Culvert

Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
1.0m
1 1
600mm
2 2
Slab
1492mm
Load Overlap (Longitudinal)
Pressure on culvert will be from 4 tyres over an area of approx.1492x (892+1800)
1492
1000
892
2
1800
Total load on a 3 x 5 culvert = 4 x 93.75 spread on 1492x2692

a mm2
Load,
4 . HB
P=
1.492 . 2.692
4 ×93.75
=
1.492 ×2.692
= 93 kN/m2 P= 93.0
kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
4
For 100kN single wheel; Contact area
L
A=
P
100000
=
1.1
= 302 mm2
Take a square area of 302 x 302 mm
302mm
1
600mm
2
902mm Slab
Pressure on slab; P
100
P=
0.902 . 0.902
100
=
0.902 ×0.902
100kNwheel
= 123 kN/m2
P=123
kN/m2
Therefore vertical live load, P 123kN/m

= 2
P3 , Pressure due to live loads;

P3 = HB. gfl. gf3
= 123 ×1.3 ×1.1
P 3 = 175.89
= 175.89 kN/m2
kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title
Horizontal Earth Pressure
- Max. pressure = K0 .g.D.gfl. gfl

- Min. pressure = 0.2.g.D
H1 , due to fill on slab

H1 = Ko. gfill. Hfill. gf3. gfl
= 0.6 ×20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.5 H 1 =7.92
= 7.92 kN/m 2 kN/m2
H2 , due to backfill and fill on slab

Total depth of backfill and fill on slab =4 0.
+ 2.5 = 2.9m
H2 = Ko. gfill. Hfill. gf3. gf1
H2 =57.42
= 0.6 ×20 ×2.9 ×1.1 ×1.5
kN/m2
= 57.42 kN/m2
H3 , due to pavement
= 0.6 ×22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.5
= 4.36 kN/m2 H 3 =4.36
kN/m2
Live load surcharge:
H4 , due to HB load
BD 31/01 3.2.6
P=KVsc : Vsc = 16kN/m2 for 37.5 Units of HB loading
H4 = K. Vsc. gfl. gf3
= 0.6 ×16 ×1.5 ×1.1
H 4 =15.84
= 15.84 kN/m2 kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
6
========== S p a c e - F r a m e A n a l y s i s - P R O K O N ===========
Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013
TITLE : 2.5 x3.0 BOX CULVERT, LOADING ACCORDING TO BD31/01 Appendix A1
Data file : C:\Prokon\data\demo\$Timed Backup_DESKTOP-8H7ENH6.A03

Created on: 3/17/2020
========================== NODAL POINT COORDINATES ============================
Node No X-coord Y-coord Z-coord Node No X-coord Y-coord Z-coord

m m m m m m
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 2.850 0.000

3 3.350 2.850 0.000 4 6.700 2.850 0.000
5 10.050 2.850 0.000 6 10.050 0.000 0.000
7 6.700 0.000 0.000 8 3.350 0.000 0.000
=============================== ELEMENT DATA ==================================
Beam Secn. type Fixity Length ß Group no.

m (°)
1-2 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

2-3 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-4 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
4-5 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
5-6 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
1-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
7-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
6-7 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-8 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
4-7 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
============================ SECTION PROPERTIES ===============================
Section : WALLS Section designation: 350x350 RC

----------------
A Ay Ax Ixx Iyy J Material
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
121.0E-3 0.000 0.000 1.22E-3 1.22E-3 2.11E-3 Concrete:25 MPa
Section : SLABS Section designation: 350x350 RC

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
================================== MATERIALS ==================================
Designation E poisson Density Exp. coeff.

kPa kN/m^3
Concrete:25 MPa 25.00E6 0.20 25.00 10.00E-6
=============================== SUPPORT DATA ==================================
Prescribed displacements
Node Fixity X Y Z X-Rot Y-Rot Z-Rot Orien node
m m m rad. rad. rad.
1 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

8 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
7 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
6 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Spring constants
Node Fixity X Y Z X-Rot Y-Rot Z-Rot
kN/m kN/m kN/m kNm/rad kNm/rad kNm/rad
=================================== LOADS =====================================

Job Number Sheet
7
Job Title
Load Case Description
1 Permanent Loads (Self Wt, Fill and Pavement)

2 Live Load (HB Loading)
Own weight not added to any load case/combination
============================= LOAD CASE 1 ================================

Permanent Loads (Self Wt, Fill and Pavement)
*** BEAM ELEMENT LOADS ***
Element Dir P a Wl Wr a(left) Length dT

kN m kN/m kN/m m m °C
1-2 X 0.00 0.000 57.42 7.92 0.00 2.85 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 4.36 4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -10.63 -10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -10.63 -10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -10.63 -10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -7.92 -57.42 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.36 -4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 10.63 10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 10.63 10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 10.63 10.63 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD CASE 2 ================================

Live Load (HB Loading)

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 15.84 15.84 0.00 2.85 0.00

2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -15.84 -15.84 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD COMBINATIONS ===============================
Load Comb Description
A/1
Comb. Load factor for each load case: Ultimate Limit State
1 2
A/1 1.00 1.00
Comb. Load factor for each load case: Serviceability Limit State
1 2
A/1 1.00 1.00
========================== OWN WEIGHT ACCELERATIONS ===========================
Direction Acceleration (g)

X 0.00
Job Number Sheet
8
Y -1.00
Z 0.00
========================== OUTPUT: LINEAR ANALYSIS ============================

====================== NODAL POINT DISPLACEMENTS at SLS =======================
Node Lcase X-disp. Y-disp Z-rot.

mm mm rad.
1 A/1 0.00 0.00 0.0000

2 A/1 0.18 -0.30 -0.0023
3 A/1 0.06 -0.68 0.0003
4 A/1 -0.06 -0.68 -0.0003
5 A/1 -0.18 -0.30 0.0023
6 A/1 0.00 0.00 0.0000
7 A/1 0.00 0.00 0.0000
8 A/1 0.00 0.00 0.0000
============================== REACTIONS AT ULS ===============================

(In rotated axes where applicable)
Node Lcase X-force Y-forcet Z-moment
kN kN kNm
1 A/1 -41.35 -27.49 -200.12

8 A/1 -8.67 27.49 8.65
7 A/1 8.67 27.49 -8.65
6 A/1 41.35 -27.49 200.12
EQUILIBRIUM CHECK AT ULS:
LC APPLIED LOADS & MOMENTS about (0.0,0.0,0.0) in global axes
Sum of: Px Py Mz
A/1 0.00 0.00 0.00
LC REACTIONS & REACTION MOMENTS about (0.0,0.0,0.0) in global axes
Sum of: Rx Ry MRz
A/1 0.00 0.00 0.00
================== REACTIONS AT SLS (Combinations only) =======================
(In rotated axes

kN kN kNm
1 A/1 -41.35 -27.49 -200.12

8 A/1 -8.67 27.49 8.65
7 A/1 8.67 27.49 -8.65
6 A/1 41.35 -27.49 200.12
============ BEAM ELEMENT END FORCES IN LOCAL ELEMENT AXES at ULS ==============
Elem Lcase Axial Y-Shea M-xx Axial Y-Shea M-xx

kN kN kNm kN kN kNm
1-2 A/1 321.58 41.35 -5.22 -321.58 109.32 -125.14

2-3 A/1 109.32 321.58 125.14 -109.32 376.56 -217.24
3-4 A/1 100.66 349.07 201.19 -100.66 349.07 -201.19
4-5 A/1 109.33 376.56 217.24 -109.33 321.58 -125.14
5-6 A/1 321.58 109.33 125.14 -321.58 41.35 5.22
1-8 A/1 0.00 -349.07 -194.90 0.00 -349.07 194.90
7-8 A/1 0.00 -349.07 -194.90 0.00 -349.07 194.90
6-7 A/1 0.00 -349.07 -194.90 0.00 -349.07 194.90
3-8 A/1 725.63 8.67 16.05 -725.63 -8.67 8.65
4-7 A/1 725.63 -8.67 -16.05 -725.63 8.67 -8.65
============================== STATISTICAL DATA ===============================
Weights of beam elements: (Not included in analysis)
Section Designation Total Mass

(kN) (kg)
WALLS 350x350 RC 34.485 3515.3

Job Number Sheet
9
Job Title
SLABS 350x350 RC 60.803 6198.0
---------------------
95.287 9713.3
Total weight of structure = 0.00 kN
No. of real numbers in Stiffness matrix = 0 (0 bytes)

Time used to analyse = 0: 0:0.015 seconds
Total number of : Nodes = 8
Beam Elements = 10
Cable Elements = 0
Shell Elements = 0
Supports = 4
Section Properties = 2
Load Cases = 2
Load Combinations = 1
=============================== END OF OUTPUT =================================
Reactions for Load Combination A/1

Reactions: Load Comb :A/1
2 3 4 5
-27.49 -27.49
-200.1
1Z -41.35 8.651
8 -8.666 -8.651
8.666
7 2600.1X
200.1
41.35
27.49 27.49
Job Number Sheet
10
Job Title
Y-Shear for Load Combination A/1
376.6
Y
2 -109.3 38.666 -8.666

4 5 109.3
-376.6 -349.1
349.1 349.1
1Z 88.666 -8.666
7 6 X
-349.1
Envelope for Load Cases:

A/1,
Y-Shear Envelope Shear Force max = 376.1kN @ 9.55m

400
300
200
100
Shear Force (kN)
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
-100
-200
-300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Distance (m) Shear Force min = -374kN @ 6.19m
Job Number Sheet
11
Job Title
X-Moments for Load Combination A/1
217.2 217.2
201.2
Y
125.1
2 316.05 -16.05
4 5 125.1
-122.8
1Z 8 7 6 X
-194.9 -194.9 -194.9

A/1,
X-Moment Envelope Bending Moment max = -216.4kNm @ 9.55m
-200
-150
-100
Bending Moment (kNm)
-50.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
50.0
100
150
200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Distance (m) Bending Moment min = -216kNm @ 9.55m
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
BD 31/01 2) Loading Case 2: Minimum vertical load and maximum horizontal load
AppendixA
Diagram A/2
200
No Live Load
Pavement
P3 (Live)
P2 (Pavement)
P1(Fill)
H1 H1
350
2.5m
2.5m
350 350
3.0m 3.0m
350
H4 H3 H2 H2 H3 H4
Dead load:
Self weight of slab

= 24 ×0.35 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 8.40 kN/m2 Slab =
8.40 kN/m2

Fig 3.1
P1 = gfill. H . gf3. gfl
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 8.00 kN/m2
P 1 =8.00
kN/m2

P2 = gpav. H . gf3. gfl
= 22 ×0.2 ×1.0 ×1.0 P 2 = 4.40
2 kN/m2
= 4.40 kN/m
P3, due to live loads

No live load P3 = 0
Job Number Sheet
2
BD 31/01 Horizontal Earth Pressure

Clause 3.1.3
= 0.6 ×20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.5
H 1 =7.92
= 7.92 kN/m2
kN/m2
Total depth of backfill and fill on slab =4 0.

+ 3.2 = 3.6m
= 0.6 ×20 ×3.6 ×1.1 ×1.5
= 71.28 kN/m2 H 2 =71.28
kN/m2
= 0.6 ×22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.5
= 4.36 kN/m2 H3 =4.36
kN/m2
H4 , due to live loads

No live Load H4 = 0
H4 = 0
Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
Frame Analysis Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013

Input file: not saved
Created : 3/18/2020 11:05:28 AM A03
Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013
TITLE :2.5x3.0 BOX CULVERT, LOADING ACCORDING TO BD31/01 Appendix A1
Data file :

m m m m m m
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 2.850 0.000

3 3.350 2.850 0.000 4 6.700 2.850 0.000
5 10.050 2.850 0.000 6 10.050 0.000 0.000
7 6.700 0.000 0.000 8 3.350 0.000 0.000
=============================== ELEMENT DATA ==================================

m (°)
1-2 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

2-3 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-4 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
4-5 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
5-6 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
1-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
7-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
6-7 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-8 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
4-7 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
================================== MATERIALS ==================================

kPa kN/m^3
Concrete:25 MPa 25.00E6 0.20 25.00 10.00E-6
=============================== SUPPORT DATA ==================================
1 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

8 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
7 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
6 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Spring constants
Job Number Sheet
4
=================================== LOADS =====================================

============================= LOAD CASE 1 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 71.28 7.92 0.00 2.85 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 4.36 4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.00 -8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.00 -8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.00 -8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -7.92 -71.28 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.36 -4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.00 8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.00 8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 8.00 8.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD CASE 2 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00

2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
A/2
1 2
A/2 1.00 1.00
1 2
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title
A/2 1.00 1.00

X 0.00
Y -1.00
Z 0.00


mm mm rad.
1 A/2 0.00 0.00 0.0000

2 A/2 0.07 -0.03 0.0001
3 A/2 0.02 -0.06 0.0000
4 A/2 -0.02 -0.06 0.0000
5 A/2 -0.07 -0.03 -0.0001
6 A/2 0.00 0.00 0.0000
7 A/2 0.00 0.00 0.0000
8 A/2 0.00 0.00 0.0000
============================== REACTIONS AT ULS ===============================

kN kN kNm
1 A/2 -83.03 0.85 17.34

8 A/2 0.10 -0.85 0.08
7 A/2 -0.10 -0.85 -0.08
6 A/2 83.03 0.85 -17.34
Sum of: Px Py Mz
A/2 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sum of: Rx Ry MRz
A/2 0.00 0.00 0.00
(In rotated axes

kN kN kNm
1 A/2 -83.03 0.85 17.34

8 A/2 0.10 -0.85 0.08
7 A/2 -0.10 -0.85 -0.08
6 A/2 83.03 0.85 -17.34

kN kN kNm kN kN kNm
1-2 A/2 35.69 83.03 36.79 -35.69 42.25 -21.56

2-3 A/2 42.25 35.69 21.56 -42.25 33.99 -18.71
3-4 A/2 42.35 34.84 19.07 -42.35 34.84 -19.07
4-5 A/2 42.25 33.99 18.71 -42.25 35.69 -21.56
5-6 A/2 35.69 42.25 21.56 -35.69 83.03 -36.79
1-8 A/2 0.00 -34.84 -19.45 0.00 -34.84 19.45
7-8 A/2 0.00 -34.84 -19.45 0.00 -34.84 19.45
6-7 A/2 0.00 -34.84 -19.45 0.00 -34.84 19.45
3-8 A/2 68.83 -0.10 -0.36 -68.83 0.10 0.08
4-7 A/2 68.83 0.10 0.36 -68.83 -0.10 -0.08

Job Number Sheet
6

(kN) (kg)
WALLS 350x350 RC 34.485 3515.3

SLABS 350x350 RC 60.803 6198.0
---------------------
95.287 9713.3

Beam Elements = 10
Cable Elements = 0
Shell Elements = 0
Supports = 4
Load Cases = 2
=============================== END OF OUTPUT =================================

2 3 4 5
-.8502 -.8502
Z
1 -83.03
17.34 .0977
8
.0832 7 -.0977
-.0833 83.03
6 X
-17.34
.8502 .8502
Job Number Sheet
7
Job Title
Y
35.69
2 3
-.0977 .0977
4 5
-34.84 -35.69
34.84 34.84
83.03Z
1 8
-.0977 7
.0977 -83.036 X
-34.84

A/2,
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
Shear Force (kN)
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
-20.0
-40.0
-60.0
-80.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Distance (m) Shear Force min = -83.0kN @ 15.7m
Job Number Sheet
8
Y
21.56 19.07 21.56
2 3
-.3618 4.3618 5
36.79Z
1 8 7 6 X36.79
-19.45 -19.45 -19.45

A/2,
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
10.0
20.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Distance (m) Bending Moment min = -36.8kNm @ 0.00m
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
BD 31/01 3) Load Case 3: Maximum vertical load and minimum horizontal load
Appendix A
Diagram A/3
200
Live Load
Pavement
P3 (Live)
P2 (Pavement)
P1(Fill)
H1 H1
350
2.5m
2.5m
350 350
3.0m 350 3.0m
H4 H3 H2 H2 H3 H4
Self weight of slab

Wslab = gfill. H . gfl. gf3
= 24 ×0.35 ×1.2 ×1.1
= 11.09 kN/m2 Slab =
11.09kN/m2

Fig 3.1
P1 = gfill. H . gfl. gf3. b
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.2 ×1.1 ×1.15
= 12.14 kN/m2 P 1 =12.14
kN/m2

= 22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.75 ×1.15 P 2 = 9.74
kN/m2
= 9.74 kN/m2
P 3 due to live loads

P3 = HB. gfl. gf3
= 123 ×1.3 ×1.1
P 3 = 175.89
= 175.89 kN/m2
kN/m 2
Job Number Sheet
2
Clause 3.1.3
= 0.2 ×20 ×0.4 ×1.0 ×1.0 H 1 =1.6
= 1.60 kN/m 2 kN/m2
Total depth of backfill and fill on slab = 40.+ 3.2 = 3.6m

= 0.2 ×20 ×3.6 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 14.40 kN/m2 H 2 =14.40
kN/m2
= 0.2 ×22 ×0.2 ×1.0 ×1.0 H 3 =0.88
= 0.88 kN/m2 kN/m2

H4 = K. Vsc. gfl. gf3
= 0.2 ×16 ×1.0 ×1.0
H 3 =3.20
= 3.20 kN/m2
kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title

Created : 3/18/2020 12:01:28 PM A03
Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013
Data file :

m m m m m m
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 2.850 0.000

3 3.350 2.850 0.000 4 6.700 2.850 0.000
5 10.050 2.850 0.000 6 10.050 0.000 0.000
7 6.700 0.000 0.000 8 3.350 0.000 0.000
=============================== ELEMENT DATA ==================================

m (°)
1-2 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

2-3 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-4 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
4-5 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
5-6 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
1-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
7-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
6-7 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-8 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
4-7 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
================================== MATERIALS ==================================

kPa kN/m^3
Concrete:25 MPa 25.00E6 0.20 25.00 10.00E-6
=============================== SUPPORT DATA ==================================
1 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

8 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
7 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
6 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Spring constants
Job Number Sheet
4
=================================== LOADS =====================================

============================= LOAD CASE 1 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 14.40 1.60 0.00 2.85 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 0.88 0.88 0.00 2.85 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -1.60 -14.40 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -0.88 -0.88 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD CASE 2 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 3.20 3.20 0.00 2.85 0.00

2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -3.20 -3.20 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
A/3
1 2
A/3 1.00 1.00
1 2
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title
A/3 1.00 1.00

X 0.00
Y -1.00
Z 0.00


mm mm rad.
1 A/3 0.00 0.00 0.0000

2 A/3 0.11 -0.30 -0.0026
3 A/3 0.03 -0.69 0.0004
4 A/3 -0.03 -0.69 -0.0004
5 A/3 -0.11 -0.30 0.0026
6 A/3 0.00 0.00 0.0000
7 A/3 0.00 0.00 0.0000
8 A/3 0.00 0.00 0.0000
============================== REACTIONS AT ULS ===============================

kN kN kNm
1 A/3 35.49 -31.59 -238.99

8 A/3 -9.74 31.59 9.51
7 A/3 9.74 31.59 -9.51
6 A/3 -35.49 -31.59 238.99
Sum of: Px Py Mz
A/3 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sum of: Rx Ry MRz
A/3 0.00 0.00 0.00
(In rotated axes

kN kN kNm
1 A/3 35.49 -31.59 -238.99

8 A/3 -9.74 31.59 9.51
7 A/3 9.74 31.59 -9.51
6 A/3 -35.49 -31.59 238.99

kN kN kNm kN kN kNm
1-2 A/3 318.25 -35.49 -43.66 -318.25 69.92 -115.21

2-3 A/3 69.92 318.25 115.21 -69.92 381.43 -221.04
3-4 A/3 60.17 349.84 202.78 -60.17 349.84 -202.78
4-5 A/3 69.92 381.43 221.04 -69.92 318.25 -115.21
5-6 A/3 318.25 69.92 115.21 -318.25 -35.49 43.66
1-8 A/3 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
7-8 A/3 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
6-7 A/3 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
3-8 A/3 731.27 9.74 18.26 -731.27 -9.74 9.51
4-7 A/3 731.27 -9.74 -18.26 -731.27 9.74 -9.51

Job Number Sheet
6

(kN) (kg)
WALLS 350x350 RC 34.485 3515.3

SLABS 350x350 RC 60.803 6198.0
---------------------
95.287 9713.3

Beam Elements = 10
Cable Elements = 0
Shell Elements = 0
Supports = 4
Load Cases = 2
=============================== END OF OUTPUT =================================

2 3 4 5
-31.59 -31.59
Z
35.49
1
-239 8 -9.744
9.507 9.744
7
-9.507 6
239-35.49
X
31.59 31.59
Job Number Sheet
7
Job Title
Y 381.4
2-69.92 39.744 -9.744

4 569.92
-381.4 -349.8
349.8 349.8
Z
1 89.744 -9.744
7 6 X
-349.8

A/3,

400
300
200
100
Shear Force (kN)
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
-100
-200
-300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
8
Y 221 221
202.8
115.2
2 318.26 -18.26
4 5 115.2
-127.2
Z
1 8 7 6 X
-195.3 -195.3 -195.3

A/3,
-200
-150
-100
-50.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
50.0
100
150
200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
BD 31/01 4) Loading Case 4: Traction with maximum vertical load
Appendix A
Diagram A/4
200
Live Load
Pavement
P3 (Live)
P2 (Pavement)
P1(Fill)
H1 H1
350
2.5m
2.5m
350 350
3.0m 3.0m
350
H4 H3 H2 H2 H3 H4
Dead load
Self weight of slab

= 24 ×0.35 ×1.2 ×1.1
= 11.09 kN/m2 Slab =
11.09kN/m2
Fig 3.2 P1 , Pressure from fill;gfill = 20kN/m2 ; b = 1.15

b = 1.15
P1 = gfill. H . gf3. gfl. b
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.2 ×1.15 P 1=
= 12.14 kN/m 2 12.14kN/m2

= 22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.75 ×1.15
P2 =
= 9.74 kN/m2
9.74kN/m2

P3 = HB. gfl. gf3
= 123 ×1.3 ×1.1
P 3=
= 175.89 kN/m2
175.89
kN/m 2
Job Number Sheet
2
Clause 3.1.3
H1 = gfill. Hfill. gf3. gfl. Ko

= 20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33
= 4.36 kN/m2 H 1 =4.36
kN/m2
Total depth of backfill and fill on slab = 0.4 + 3.2 = 3.6m

H2 = gfill. Hfill. gf3. gfl. Ko
= 20 ×3.6 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33
= 39.20 kN/m2 H 2 = 39.20
kN/m2
H3 = gfill. Hfill. gf3. gf1. Ko
= 22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33
H3 = 2.40
= 2.40 kN/m2 kN/m2
Clause 3.2.6 (a) H4 , due to live loads

For 37.5 Units of HB, HB = 16kN/m2
H4 = HB. gfl. gf3. K
= 16 ×1.5 ×1.1 ×0.33
= 8.71 kN/m2 H 4 = 8.71
kN/m2
BD 31/01 3.2.7 (c-g) T due to traction:
BD 37/01 6.10.2 (e) Traction force of norminal HB adopted
HB adopted = 37.5 Units; 1 Unit = 10kN/axle
4 Axle @ 37.5 x 10 kN
Traction = 25% (4 x 37.5 x 10)
= 375kN
= 93.75kN/wheel
Length of applicaton
(a) 3 + C(m) or
(b) 2ET
Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
C = Contact area
Pressure = 1.1 N/mm2
L
C=
P
93750
=
1.1
= 291.94 mm2
= 292mm x 292mm
Width of Traction, l= 3 + 0.292

= 3.292m
BS 5400, Part 2 Width of HB = 3.5m, for a cover H = 0.6m and shoulders 1.0m wide
Fig. 11 with batter slope 1H:2V
ET = HB/2 + 1.5 + 2 x H
= 3.5/2 + 1.0 + 2 x 0.6
= 3.95> l,
\ ET = 3.95m
2ET = 2 x 3.95
= 7.9m > 1/2(3 + C)
\Length of application = 7.9m
Load per meter, P = 375/7.9

= 47.47kN/m
LL = 2.5 x 3.0 + 3.2 x 0.3 = 8.46m, H = 0.6m

LL - H
Kt =
LL - 0.6
8.46 - 0.6 ; 1 ³ Kt ³ 0
=
8.46 - 0.6
= 1.00
T = Kt . P . gfl. gf3
= 1.00 ×47.47 ×1.1 ×1.1
T = 57.44
= 57.44 kN/m
kN/m
H5, due to fill on slab

= 0.6 ×20 ×0.4 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 4.80 kN/m2 H 5 =4.8
kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
4
H6, due to fill and backfill
Hfill = 0.4+3.2 = 3.6m

= 0.6 ×20 ×3.6 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 43.20 kN/m2 H 6 = 43.20
kN/m2
H7 due to pavement
H7 = Ko. gpav. Hpav. gf3. gf1

= 0.6 ×22 ×0.2 ×1.0 ×1.0
H 7 = 2.64
= 2.64 kN/m2 kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title

Created : 3/18/2020 12:27:21 PM A03
Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013
Data file :

m m m m m m
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 2.850 0.000

3 3.350 2.850 0.000 4 6.700 2.850 0.000
5 10.050 2.850 0.000 6 10.050 0.000 0.000
7 6.700 0.000 0.000 8 3.350 0.000 0.000
=============================== ELEMENT DATA ==================================

m (°)
1-2 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

2-3 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-4 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
4-5 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
5-6 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
1-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
7-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
6-7 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-8 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
4-7 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
================================== MATERIALS ==================================

kPa kN/m^3
Concrete:25 MPa 25.00E6 0.20 25.00 10.00E-6
=============================== SUPPORT DATA ==================================
1 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

8 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
7 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
6 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Spring constants
Job Number Sheet
6
=================================== LOADS =====================================

============================= LOAD CASE 2 ================================

*** POINT LOADS ***
Node Fx Fy Fz Mx My Mz
kN kN kN kNm kNm kNm
2 57.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 8.71 8.71 0.00 2.85 0.00

2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -175.89 -175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -8.71 -8.71 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 175.89 175.89 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD CASE 1 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 39.20 4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 2.40 2.40 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-2 X 0.00 0.000 43.20 4.80 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-2 X 0.00 0.000 2.64 2.64 0.00 2.85 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -11.09 -11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -12.14 -12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.74 -9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.36 -39.20 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -2.40 -2.40 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.80 -43.20 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -2.64 -2.64 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 11.09 11.09 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 12.14 12.14 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 9.74 9.74 0.00 3.35 0.00
A/4
Job Number Sheet
7
Job Title
2 1
A/4 1.00 1.00
2 1
A/4 1.00 1.00

X 0.00
Y -1.00
Z 0.00


mm mm rad.
1 A/4 0.00 0.00 0.0000

2 A/4 1.49 -0.30 -0.0026
3 A/4 1.32 -0.69 0.0002
4 A/4 1.18 -0.68 -0.0005
5 A/4 1.04 -0.31 0.0019
6 A/4 0.00 0.00 0.0000
7 A/4 0.00 0.00 0.0000
8 A/4 0.00 0.00 0.0000
============================== REACTIONS AT ULS ===============================

kN kN kNm
1 A/4 -71.55 -35.21 -171.30

8 A/4 -24.75 29.73 33.44
7 A/4 -7.23 24.88 15.70
6 A/4 46.09 -19.40 214.52
Sum of: Px Py Mz
A/4 57.44 0.00 -163.70
Sum of: Rx Ry MRz
A/4 -57.44 0.00 163.70
(In rotated axes

kN kN kNm
1 A/4 -71.55 -35.21 -171.30

8 A/4 -24.75 29.73 33.44
7 A/4 -7.23 24.88 15.70
6 A/4 46.09 -19.40 214.52

kN kN kNm kN kN kNm
1-2 A/4 314.63 71.55 24.03 -314.63 98.11 -111.44

2-3 A/4 155.55 314.63 111.44 -155.55 385.05 -229.40
3-4 A/4 130.80 344.36 192.30 -130.80 355.32 -210.67
4-5 A/4 123.57 369.24 205.78 -123.57 330.44 -140.79
Job Number Sheet
8
5-6 A/4 330.44 123.57 140.79 -330.44 46.09 19.19
1-8 A/4 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
7-8 A/4 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
6-7 A/4 0.00 -349.84 -195.33 0.00 -349.84 195.33
3-8 A/4 729.41 24.75 37.11 -729.41 -24.75 33.44
4-7 A/4 724.56 7.23 4.89 -724.56 -7.23 15.70

(kN) (kg)
WALLS 350x350 RC 34.485 3515.3

SLABS 350x350 RC 60.803 6198.0
---------------------
95.287 9713.3

Beam Elements = 10
Cable Elements = 0
Shell Elements = 0
Supports = 4
Load Cases = 2
=============================== END OF OUTPUT =================================

2 3 4 5
-35.21 -19.4
Z
1 -71.55
-171.3 8 -24.75
33.44 7
15.7-7.227 46.09
6
214.5X
29.73 24.88
Job Number Sheet
9
Job Title
Y 369.2
2 -98.11 324.75 47.227 5 123.6
-385.1 -355.3
349.8 349.8
Z
1 824.75 77.227 6 X
-349.8

A/4,
Y-Shear Envelope Shear Force max = -382.1kN @ 6.19m

400
300
200
100
Shear Force (kN)
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
-100
-200
-300
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
10
Job Title
Y 229.4 210.7
205.8
111.4
2 337.11 4 5 140.8
-120
Z
1 8 -15.7
7 6 X
-195.3 -195.3 -195.3

A/4,
-200
-150
-100
-50.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
50.0
100
150
200
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
BD 31/01 5) Load Case 5: Traction with minimum vertical load
Appendix A
Diagram A/5
200
Live Load
Pavement
P3 (Live)
P2 (Pavement)
P1(Fill)
H1 H1
350
2.5m
2.5m
350 350
3.0m 3.0m
350
H4 H3 H2 H2 H3 H4
Dead load
Self weight of slab

= 24 ×0.35 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 8.40 kN/m2 Slab =
8.40kN/m2

Clause 3.1 P1 , Pressure from fill;gfill = 20KN/m2 ; b = 1.15
Fig 3.1
b = 1.15 P1 = gfill. H . gf3. gfl. b
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.0 ×1.0 ×1.15
P 1 = 9.20
= 9.20 kN/m2 kN/m2

P2 = gpav. Hpav. gf3. gfl
= 22 ×0.2 ×1.0 ×1.0
P 2 = 4.40
= 4.40 kN/m2
kN/m2

P3 = HB. gfl. gf3
= 123 ×1.0 ×1.0
= 123.00 kN/m2
P 3 =123.0
kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
2
Clause 3.1.3
H1 = gfill. Hfill. gf3. gfl. K
= 20 ×0.4 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33
H 1 =4.36
kN/m2
= 4.36 kN/m2
Total depth of backfill and fill on slab = 0.4 + 3.2 = 3.6m

= 20 ×3.6 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33 H 2 = 39.20
2 kN/m2
= 39.20 kN/m
= 22 ×0.2 ×1.1 ×1.5 ×0.33
H 3 = 2.40
= 2.40 kN/m2 kN/m2

BD 31/01 For 37.5 Units of HB, HB = 16kN/m2
Clause 3.2.6 (a) H4 = HB. gfl. gf3. Ko
= 16 ×1.5 ×1.1 ×0.33
= 8.71 kN/m2 H 4 =8.71
kN/m2
BD 31/01 3.2.7 (c-g) T due to traction
BD 37/01 6.10.2 (e) Traction force of norminal HB adopted
HB adopted = 37.5 Units; 1 Unit = 10kN/axle
4 Axle @ 37.5 x 10 kN
Traction = 25% (4 x 37.5 x 10)
= 375kN
= 93.75kN/wheel
Length of applicaton
(a) 3 + C(m) or
(b) 2ET
Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
C = Contact area
Pressure = 1.1 N/mm2
L
C=
P
93750
=
1.1
= 291.94 mm2
= 292mm x 292mm
Width of Traction, l= 3 + 0.292

= 3.292m
Width of HB = 3.5m, for a cover H = 0.6m and shoulders 1.0m wide

with batter slope 1H:2V
ET = HB/2 + 1.0 + 2 x H
= 3.5/2 + 1.0 + 2 x 0.6
= 3.95> l,
\ ET = 3.95m
2ET = 2 x 3.95
= 7.9m > 1/2(3 + C)
\Length of application = 7.9m
Load per meter, P = 375/7.9

= 47.47kN/m
LL = 2.5x3 + 3.2x0.35 =8.62m, H = 0.6m
LL - H
Kt =
LL - 0.6 ; 1 ³ Kt ³ 0
8.62 - 0.6
=
8.62 - 0.6
= 1.00
T = Kt . P . gfl. gf3
= 1.00 ×47.47 ×1.1 ×1.1
= 57.44 kN/m T=57.44
kN/m
H5 due to fill on slab

H5 = K. gfill. Hfill. gf3. gfl
= 0.6 ×20 ×0.4 ×1.0 ×1.0 H 5 =4.80
= 4.80 kN/m2 kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
4
H6 due to fill and backfill
Hfill = 0.4+3.2 = 3.6m

= 0.6 ×20 ×3.6 ×1.0 ×1.0
H 6 = 43.20
= 43.20 kN/m2
kN/m2
H7 due to pavement
H7 = Ko. gpav. Hpav. gf3. gf1
= 0.6 ×22 ×0.2 ×1.0 ×1.0 H7 = 2.64
= 2.64 kN/m 2 kN/m2
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title

Created : 3/18/2020 2:59:08 PM A03
Ver W2.6.02 - 04 Feb 2013
Data file :

m m m m m m
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 2 0.000 2.850 0.000

3 3.350 2.850 0.000 4 6.700 2.850 0.000
5 10.050 2.850 0.000 6 10.050 0.000 0.000
7 6.700 0.000 0.000 8 3.350 0.000 0.000
=============================== ELEMENT DATA ==================================

m (°)
1-2 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

2-3 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-4 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
4-5 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
5-6 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
1-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
7-8 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
6-7 SLABS 00 3.350 0.00 0
3-8 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0
4-7 WALLS 00 2.850 0.00 0

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4

----------------
m^2 m^2 m^2 m^4 m^4 m^4
================================== MATERIALS ==================================

kPa kN/m^3
Concrete:25 MPa 25.00E6 0.20 25.00 10.00E-6
=============================== SUPPORT DATA ==================================
1 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0

7 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
8 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
6 XY z 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0
Spring constants
Job Number Sheet
6
=================================== LOADS =====================================

============================= LOAD CASE 2 ================================

*** POINT LOADS ***
Node Fx Fy Fz Mx My Mz
kN kN kN kNm kNm kNm
2 57.44 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 8.71 8.71 0.00 2.85 0.00

2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -123.00 -123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -123.00 -123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -123.00 -123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -8.71 -8.71 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 123.00 123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 123.00 123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 123.00 123.00 0.00 3.35 0.00
============================= LOAD CASE 1 ================================


1-2 X 0.00 0.000 39.20 4.36 0.00 2.85 0.00

1-2 X 0.00 0.000 2.40 2.40 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-2 X 0.00 0.000 43.20 4.80 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-2 X 0.00 0.000 2.64 2.64 0.00 2.85 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -8.40 -8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.20 -9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.20 -9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -9.20 -9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
2-3 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
3-4 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
4-5 Y 0.00 0.000 -4.40 -4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.36 -39.20 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -2.40 -2.40 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -4.80 -43.20 0.00 2.85 0.00
5-6 X 0.00 0.000 -2.64 -2.64 0.00 2.85 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 8.40 8.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.20 9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 9.20 9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 9.20 9.20 0.00 3.35 0.00
1-8 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
7-8 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
6-7 Y 0.00 0.000 4.40 4.40 0.00 3.35 0.00
A/5
Job Number Sheet
7
Job Title
2 1
A/5 1.00 1.00
2 1
A/5 1.00 1.00

X 0.00
Y -1.00
Z 0.00


mm mm rad.
1 A/5 0.00 0.00 0.0000

2 A/5 1.47 -0.21 -0.0017
3 A/5 1.31 -0.48 0.0000
4 A/5 1.18 -0.47 -0.0004
5 A/5 1.07 -0.22 0.0011
6 A/5 0.00 0.00 0.0000
7 A/5 0.00 0.00 0.0000
8 A/5 0.00 0.00 0.0000
============================== REACTIONS AT ULS ===============================

kN kN kNm
1 A/5 -89.50 -25.19 -94.74

7 A/5 -10.30 14.86 18.68
8 A/5 -21.68 19.71 30.46
6 A/5 64.04 -9.38 137.95
Sum of: Px Py Mz
A/5 57.44 0.00 -163.70
Sum of: Rx Ry MRz
A/5 -57.44 0.00 163.70
(In rotated axes

kN kN kNm
1 A/5 -89.50 -25.19 -94.74

7 A/5 -10.30 14.86 18.68
8 A/5 -21.68 19.71 30.46
6 A/5 64.04 -9.38 137.95

kN kN kNm kN kN kNm
1-2 A/5 217.68 89.50 40.87 -217.68 80.16 -77.12

2-3 A/5 137.60 217.68 77.12 -137.60 268.07 -161.52
3-4 A/5 115.92 237.39 130.20 -115.92 248.36 -148.57
Job Number Sheet
8
4-5 A/5 105.62 252.26 137.90 -105.62 233.49 -106.47
5-6 A/5 233.49 105.62 106.47 -233.49 64.04 2.35
1-8 A/5 0.00 -242.87 -135.61 0.00 -242.87 135.61
7-8 A/5 0.00 -242.87 -135.61 0.00 -242.87 135.61
6-7 A/5 0.00 -242.88 -135.61 0.00 -242.88 135.61
3-8 A/5 505.46 21.68 31.33 -505.46 -21.68 30.46
4-7 A/5 500.61 10.30 10.67 -500.61 -10.30 18.68

(kN) (kg)
WALLS 350x350 RC 34.485 3515.3

SLABS 350x350 RC 60.803 6198.0
---------------------
95.287 9713.3

Beam Elements = 10
Cable Elements = 0
Shell Elements = 0
Supports = 4
Load Cases = 2
=============================== END OF OUTPUT =================================

Y
2 3 4 5
-25.19 -9.38
Z
1 -89.5
-94.74 8 -21.68
30.46 7 -10.3
18.68 64.04
6
138 X
19.71 14.86
Job Number Sheet
9
Job Title
Y 252.3
2 321.68 410.3 5 105.6
-268.1 -248.4
242.9 242.9
Z
89.5
1 821.68 710.3 6 X
-242.9

A/5,
Y-Shear Envelope Shear Force max = -266.0kN @ 6.19m
250
200
150
100
Shear Force (kN)
50.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
-50.0
-100
-150
-200
-250
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
10
Job Title
Y 161.5 148.6
137.9
77.12
2 331.33 4 5 106.5
-81.22
Z
1 8 -18.68
7 6 X
-135.6 -135.6 -135.6

A/5,
-150
-100
-50.0
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
50.0
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
Software Consultants (Pty) Ltd
Client
LOAD CASE 5 IS WORSED CASE SCENARIO

DETAILED CALCULATIONS
Design code :BS8110 - 1997
Flexural capacity and reinforcement calculations:
SLABS: Position ; 6.700 m
Moment envelope (Top): -161.52 kNm

Calculation of the maximum steel strain:
f st
est =
Es
391.3
=
200000
= 0.002
Balanced neutral axis
d
xb =
est
1+
ec
310
=
.00196
1+
.0035
= 198.718 mm
%redis
bb = 1 -
100
0
=1 -
100
= 1.000
Maximum allowed neutral axis depth: 3.2.2.1
x = min(d/(1+ est/ ec) , ( bb-0.4)*d ) = 155.000 mm
Depth of rectangular stress block:
a = b. x
= .9 ×155
= 139.500 mm
Job Number Sheet
2
Concrete moment capacity: 3.4.4.4
a . . . . .
Mu = a . d - b a f f cu 1×10-6
2
139.5
= 139.5 × 310 - ×350 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×30 ×1×10-6
2
= 156.404 kNm
Lever arm 3.4.4.4
Mu
z = d . 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 . a . f. b . d 2 . f cu
1564×105
= 310 × 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×350 ×310 2 ×30
= 240.253 mm
Compression steel 3.4.4.4
M - Mu
As1 =
f sd. (d - d1)
1615×105 - 1564×105
=
391.3 ×(310 - 40 )
= 48.272 mm2
Tension steel 3.4.4.4
Mu As1. f sd
Ast = +
f st. z f st
1564×105 48.432 ×391.3
= +
391.3 ×240.25 391.3
= 1 712.088 mm²
Neutral axis depth 3.4.4.4
2 . (d - z )
Neutralaxis
=
b
2 ×(310 - 240.25 )
=
.9
= 155.000 mm
Moment envelope (Bottom): -161.52 kNm

Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
f st
est =
Es
391.3
=
200000
= 0.002
d
xb =
est
1+
ec
310
=
.00196
1+
.0035
= 198.718 mm
%redis
bb = 1 -
100
0
=1 -
100
= 1.000
a = b. x
= .9 ×155
= 139.500 mm
a . . . . .
Mu = a . d - b a f f cu 1×10-6
2
139.5
= 139.5 × 310 - ×350 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×30 ×1×10-6
2
= 156.404 kNm
Job Number Sheet
4
Lever arm 3.4.4.4
M
z = d . 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 a f b . d 2 . f cu
. . .
0
= 310 × 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×350 ×310 2 ×30
= 310.000 mm
Lever arm limitation 3.4.4.4
z = min(310.000 , 0.95*310.000 ) = 294.500 mm
M
Ast =
f st. z
0
=
391.3 ×294.5
= 0.000 mm²
2 . (d - z )
Neutralaxis
=
b
2 ×(310 - 294.5 )
=
.9
= 34.444 mm
Shear Calculations:
Area used for shear calculations:
Ash = bw. de
= 350 ×310
= 108 500.000 mm²
Reinforcement ratio 3.4.5.4-6
Ast
F1 =
Ash
1 712.1
=
108500
= 0.016
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title
f 1 = f 1i. 100
= .01578 ×100
= 1.578
F1 = min(3 , F1 ) = 1.578
F1 = max(0.15 , F1 ) = 1.578 3.4.5.4-6
400
f2 =
de
400
=
310
= 1.290
0.79 . 0.33333. 0.25

vc = F1 F2
1.25
0.79
= ×1.578 0.33333×1.2903 0.25
1.25
= 0.784 MPa
f cu 0.33333
F3 =
25
30 0.33333
=
25
= 1.063
v c = v c1. F3
= .78419 ×1.0627
= 0.833 MPa
Maximum allowable shear stress
v cu = 0.8 . f cu
= 0.8 × 30
= 4.382 MPa
vcu = min(5 , vcu ) = 4.382
Shear enhancement close to supports 3.4.5.8

Job Number Sheet
6
v c = v cu = 4.382 MPa
Actual Shear stress:
V . 1×103
v=
Ash
268.07 ×1×103
=
108500
= 2.471 MPa
Shear force capacity
Vco = v c. Ash. 1×10-3

= 4.3818 ×108500 ×1×10-3
= 475.425 kN
Shear reinforcement Table 3.16
(v - v c). b
Asv/sv =
0.95 . f yv
(2.4707 - 4.3818 )×350
=
0.95 ×250
= -2.816
Minimum links Table 3.16
0.40 . b
Asv/svn=
0.95 . f yv
0.40 ×350
=
0.95 ×250
= 0.589
Job Number Sheet
1
Job Title
DETAILED CALCULATIONS
Design code :BS8110 - 1997

Flexural capacity and reinforcement calculations:
WALLS: Position ; 1.250 m
Moment envelope (Top): 119.25 kNm

f st
est =
Es
391.3
=
200000
= 0.002
d
xb =
est
1+
ec
310
=
.00196
1+
.0035
= 198.718 mm
%redis
bb = 1 -
100
0
=1 -
100
= 1.000
a = b. x
= .9 ×155
= 139.500 mm
Job Number Sheet
2
a . . . . .
Mu = a . d - b a f f cu 1×10-6
2
139.5
= 139.5 × 310 - ×350 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×30 ×1×10-6
2
= 156.404 kNm
Lever arm 3.4.4.4
M
z = d . 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 . a . f. b . d 2 . f cu
0
= 310 × 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×350 ×310 2 ×30
= 310.000 mm
Lever arm limitation 3.4.4.4
z = min(310.000 , 0.95*310.000 ) = 294.500 mm
M
Ast =
f st. z
0
=
391.3 ×294.5
= 0.000 mm²
2 . (d - z )
Neutralaxis
=
b
2 ×(310 - 294.5 )
=
.9
= 34.444 mm
Moment envelope (Bottom): 119.25 kNm

Job Number Sheet
3
Job Title
f st
est =
Es
391.3
=
200000
= 0.002
d
xb =
est
1+
ec
310
=
.00196
1+
.0035
= 198.718 mm
%redis
bb = 1 -
100
0
=1 -
100
= 1.000
a = b. x
= .9 ×155
= 139.500 mm
a . . . . .
Mu = a . d - b a f f cu 1×10-6
2
139.5
= 139.5 × 310 - ×350 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×30 ×1×10-6
2
= 156.404 kNm
Lever arm 3.4.4.4

Job Number Sheet
4
M
z = d . 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 . a . f. b . d 2 . f cu
1192×105
= 310 × 0.5 + 0.25 -
2 ×.66667 ×.66667 ×350 ×310 2 ×30
= 261.083 mm
M
Ast =
f st. z
1192×105
=
391.3 ×261.06
= 1 166.880 mm²
2 . (d - z )
Neutralaxis
=
b
2 ×(310 - 261.06 )
=
.9
= 108.756 mm
Shear Calculations:
Area used for shear calculations:
Ash = bw. de
= 350 ×310
= 108 500.000 mm²
Reinforcement ratio 3.4.5.4-6
Ast
F1 =
Ash
1 167.4
=
108500
= 0.011
Job Number Sheet
5
Job Title
f 1 = f 1i. 100
= .01076 ×100
= 1.076
F1 = min(3 , F1 ) = 1.076
F1 = max(0.15 , F1 ) = 1.076 3.4.5.4-6
400
f2 =
de
400
=
310
= 1.290
0.79 . 0.33333. 0.25

vc = F1 F2
1.25
0.79
= ×1.0759 0.33333×1.2903 0.25
1.25
= 0.690 MPa
f cu 0.33333
F3 =
25
30 0.33333
=
25
= 1.063
v c = v c1. F3
= .69022 ×1.0627
= 0.733 MPa
Maximum allowable shear stress
v cu = 0.8 . f cu
= 0.8 × 30
= 4.382 MPa
vcu = min(5 , vcu ) = 4.382
Actual Shear stress:

Job Number Sheet
6
V . 1×103
v=
Ash
6.0022 ×1×103
=
108500
= 0.055 MPa
Shear force capacity
Vco = v c. Ash. 1×10-3

= .73347 ×108500 ×1×10-3
= 79.581 kN
Shear reinforcement Table 3.16
(v - v c). b
Asv/sv =
0.95 . f yv
(.05532 - .73347 )×350
=
0.95 ×250
= -0.999
Minimum links Table 3.16
0.40 . b
Asv/svn=
0.95 . f yv
0.40 ×350
=
0.95 ×250
= 0.589

01 - Box Culvert Detailed Design Report 14 - Dec 2019

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

01 - Box Culvert Detailed Design Report 14 - Dec 2019

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

TANZANIA RURAL AND URBAN ROADS AGENCY

HYDROLOGY, HYDRAULICS AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS DETAILED

DETAILED DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MBUTU BOX CULVERT

Design Report, December - 2019

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page i

Design Report, December - 2019

1 HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS, DRAINAGE STRUCTURES STUDIES

1.2 Hydrological Manipulation

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 1

Design Report, December - 2019

1.3 Runoff computation

Initial retention is zero.

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 2

Design Report, December - 2019

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 3

Design Report, December - 2019

1.4 Crossing Structures

V is mean velocity of flow in culvert barrel

Design Report, December - 2019

Critical depth for the box culvert cell is (q2/g) 1/3

𝑣𝑑𝑠 Is a downstream velocity, Kev is velocity head coefficient

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 5

Design Report, December - 2019

Catch. Area Land Channel Channel Lag

1 5.0 0.007 0.003 0.750 0.3

TABLE No. 2 continued.

0.38 1.00 1.50 0.570 0.000

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 6

Design Report, December - 2019

R2Year n Tp R10/2 RD10

99.00 0.76 4.00 1.64 162.36

TB1 RTb1 ARF1 P1 RO1 Q1 TA2 TB2

4.69 105.287 0.946 99.651 285,027 15.700 0.947403659 5.637

TABLE No. 2 continued.

RTb2 ARF2 P2 RO2 Q2 TA3 TB3

110.973 0.950 105.386 301,432 13.81 0.978 5.668

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 7

Design Report, December - 2019

TABLE No. 2 continued.

RTb3 ARF3 P3 RO3 Q3 TA4

111.144 0.950 105.558 301,924 13.760 0.979

TABLE No. 2 continued.

33.53 23.50 29.14 38.53 50.09 55.48

Schedule of cross drainage structures

1 0 3-3.0x2.5 RC Box 38.53 66 Outlet controlled 1

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 8

Design Report, December - 2019

Figure 1-1: TRRL EA flood model

2.1 Determination of Cost Estimates

Prepared by Eng. David Kapinga Page 9

Design Report, December - 2019

TOTAL OVERALL INVESTMENT COST

Contract Name : CONSTRUCTION OF MBUTU BOX CULVERT AND APPROACH ROAD

Bill 1000 General 21,843,049.45

MBUTU BOX CULVERT AND APPROACH ROAD (150M)

Subtotal of Bills 229,359,895.00

(A) Subtotal of Bills 251,202,944.45

(B) Add 10% of Subtotal (A) for contingencies 25,120,294.44

(C) Subtotal {(A) + (B)} 276,323,238.89

(D) Add 18% of Subtotal (C) as VAT 49,738,183.00

Total carried to Letter of Bid {(A) + (B) +(D)} 326,061,421.89

Detailed Cost Estimates (BoQ) are provided in separate volume.

* BEAM ELEMENT LOADS *

* BEAM ELEMENT LOADS *