CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the findings and discussion of the data gathered

concerning profile, motivational factors, and interests of the respondents and

their sex differences in motivation and interests.

Profile of the Respondents

Table 1 presents the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of

age, sex, civil status, and educational attainment.

Age. Table 1 showed that 42 or 48.28 percent of the respondents were

24-30 years old, followed by 31-37 years old with 25 or 28.74 percent, next were

38-43 years old with 13 or 14.94 percent, and the age with the lowest

percentage was 44-50 years old with 7 or 8.05 percent of the respondents.

Sex. Data showed that in terms of sex, 65 or 74.71 percent of the

respondents were male, while the 22 or 25.29 percent were female respondents.

It can be noticed from the results that the majority of the respondents were

male.

Civil Status. In terms of civil status, 56 or 64.37 percents were single,

followed by married with 25 or 28.73 percent of the respondents. Next, were the

separated with 4 or 4.60 percent, and the civil status with the lowest

respondents were the widow with 2 or 2.30 percent.

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Table 1

Demographic Profile of the Respondents

FREQUENCY
PROFILE (N=87) PERCENTAGE

AGE
24-30 42 48.28
31-37 25 28.74
38-43 13 14.94
44-50 7 8.05
TOTAL 87 100
SEX
Male 65 74.71
Female 22 25.29
TOTAL 87 100
CIVIL STATUS
Single 56 64.37
Married 25 28.73
Widow 2 2.30
Separated 4 4.60
TOTAL 87 100
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Baccalaureate Degree 84 96.55
Master’s Degree 3 3.45
Doctorate Degree 0 0
TOTAL 87 100
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Educational Attainment. In terms of educational attainment, the

respondents with the highest turnouts were the Baccalaureate Degree holder

with 84 or 96.55 percents of the respondents, followed by the Master’s Degree

holder with 3 or 3.45 percents of the respondents.

Motivating Factors

Innate desires influence a person’s career choice. Every aim has driving

forces that enable one to complete tasks effectively. In this section, the intrinsic

and extrinsic factors that made criminologists choose to work for the Philippine

National Police were presented. Tables 2A to 2B show the details of the result,

and a summary table was also presented in 2C to determine which among the

variables have the highest and lowest interpretation.

Intrinsic Factors. Table 2A shows the intrinsic factors of the

criminologist in joining the Philippine National Police. The indicator “Fascinated

by crime/crime fighting” and “To protect family, friends and other people from

danger” got the highest weighted mean rating of 3.75. It was followed by

“Opportunities for advancement” with a mean rating of 3.74. Conversely,

“Interested in security work” got the lowest mean rating of 3.50. The overall

mean rating obtained by the intrinsic factors of the respondents in joining the

Philippine National Police in Sex demographic was 3.49, interpreted as strongly

agreed.
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Table 2A

Intrinsic Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP

Indicators A I R

Fascinated by crime/crime fighting 3.75 Strongly Agreed 1.5

To protect family, friends and other people from Strongly Agreed
3.75 1.5
danger
Opportunities for advancement 3.74 Strongly Agreed 2

Fit for personality and ability 2.72 Strongly Agreed 3

Excitement of the work 3.71 Strongly Agreed 4.5

To serve the public 3.71 Strongly Agreed 4.5

Personal choice/dream since childhood 3.70 Strongly Agreed 5

Service work on innate rehabilitation 2.68 Strongly Agreed 6

Desire to enforce laws 3.63 Strongly Agreed 7

Interested in security work 3.50 Strongly Agreed 8

Overall Mean 3.49 Strongly Agreed

Legend:

Mean Range Verbal Interpretation Respondents

3.26-4.00 Strongly Agree (SA) A - Criminology Police Officer
2.51-3.25 Agree (A)
1.76-2.50 Disagree (D)
1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree (SD)

The result suggests that a significant number of criminologists were

primarily motivated by a genuine interest in crime and crime fighting, as well as

a strong sense of duty towards safeguarding their loved ones and the

community. The enthusiasm for these aspects may stem from a deep-seated

passion for law enforcement and a commitment to public safety. Additionally, the
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indicator “opportunities for advancement" closely followed, indicating that career

progression and growth within the Philippine National Police are crucial factors

for criminologists. This result implies that individuals within this demographic are

not only driven by immediate concerns but also consider the long-term prospects

and professional development within the police force. Conversely, the indicator

"interested in security work" was the lowest, suggesting that this particular

aspect is less influential in the decision-making process for criminologists joining

the police force. This could imply that respondents are more motivated by a

sense of duty, fascination with crime, and the desire to protect others, rather

than a general interest in security work.

Extrinsic Factors. Table 2B shows the extrinsic factors of the

criminologist in joining the Philippine National Police. The indicator “ Job pays

well” got the highest weighted mean rating of 3.68. It was followed by “ Good

companionship with co-workers” with mean rating of 3.62. In contrast, the

indicator “Lack of other job opportunities/alternatives” got the lowest mean

rating of 3.11. The overall mean rating obtained by the extrinsic factors of the

respondents in joining the Philippine National Police in Sex demographic was

3.50, interpreted as strongly agreed.

The result suggests that a significant portion of respondents is drawn to

the police force due to the attractive financial incentives it offers. The allure of a

well-paying job could be indicative of the importance individuals place on

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Table 2B

Extrinsic Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP

Indicators OM I R

Job pays well 3.68 Strongly Agreed 1

Profession has prestige 3.61 Strongly Agreed 3
Job security 3.59 Strongly Agreed 4
Good companionship with co-workers 3.62 Strongly Agreed 2
Fringe Benefits 3.51 Strongly Agreed 5
Job carries power and authority 3.46 Strongly Agreed 6.3
Early retirement with good pay 3.46 Strongly Agreed 6.3
Military structure 3.46 Strongly Agreed 6.3
Lack of other job opportunities/alternatives 3.11 Agreed 7
Overall Mean 3.50 Strongly Agreed

financial stability and the acknowledgment of law enforcement as a lucrative

career option. Following closely was the indicator of good companionship with

co-workers, indicating that positive interpersonal relationships within the

workplace hold significance for those considering a career in the Philippine

National Police. This implies that a supportive and amicable work environment is

a key factor in attracting criminologists, as they value the camaraderie and

teamwork among colleagues. Conversely, the indicator lacking of other job

opportunities/alternatives was the lowest. This suggests that, for the majority of

respondents, the decision to join the police force is not primarily driven by a lack

of alternative job opportunities. Instead, individuals seem to be motivated by

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factors beyond mere necessity, such as financial considerations or positive work

relationships.

Table 2C

Summary of Motivating Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP

Indicators OM I R

Intrinsic Factors 3.49 Strongly Agreed 2

Extrinsic Factors 3.50 Strongly Agreed 1
Overall Mean 3.49 Strongly Agreed

Table 2C summarize the motivating factors of criminologist in joining the

Philippine National Police. Among the factors, the extrinsic factor was the highest

perceived motivating factor of criminologist in joining PNP, and the least factor

was the intrinsic factors. This implies that the criminologists in the study may be

driven more by external reward rather than a sense of personal fulfillment,

purpose, or passion for the work. The overall mean of 3.49, interpreted as

“strongly agree”, indicates that the motivating factors are in agreement with the

perception of the respondents.

Interest of the Respondents

The interest were shown in Table 3. This was rated by the police officer

who graduated in Bachelor of Science in Criminology. This was obtained by

getting the average of the weighted mean of the response.

Interest. Table 3 showed the interest of the respondents in joining the

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Philippine National Police in Sex demographic. Result revealed that the indicator

“Employee’s Responsiveness” got the highest weighted mean rating of 3.71. It

was followed by “Personal Appearance” with mean rating of 3.69. In contrast,

“Knowledge of Work” got the lowest mean rating of 3.43. The overall mean

rating obtained by the interest of the respondents in joining the Philippine

National Police in Sex demographic was 3.50, interpreted as strongly agreed.

The result suggests that criminologist place a high value on the

responsiveness of the police force employees, indicating a preference for an

organization that is attentive, approachable, and quick to address concerns. The

emphasis on employee responsiveness implies that respondents prioritize

effective communication and engagement within the police force as a key factor

in their interest to join. Following closely, "Personal Appearance" obtained a

mean rating of 3.69, highlighting the significance placed on the outward

presentation of police personnel. This result implies that respondents consider

the professional appearance of the police force as a factor influencing their

interest. It may reflect the belief that a well-groomed and professionally

presented police force contributes to a positive public image and fosters a sense

of trust and confidence among the community. Conversely, "Knowledge of Work"

received the lowest mean rating of 3.43, suggesting that the level of interest in

joining the Philippine National Police is less influenced by a specific

understanding of the intricacies of police work. This result may indicate that

Table 3C
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Interest of Criminologists in Joining the PNP

Indicators OM I R

Employee’s Responsiveness 3.71 Strongly Agreed 1

Personal Appearance 3.69 Strongly Agreed 2

Customer Responsiveness 3.64 Strongly Agreed 3.5
Human Resource Management 3.64 Strongly Agreed 3.5
Communication 3.63 Strongly Agreed 5
Administration 3.61 Strongly Agreed 6
Expense Management 3.52 Strongly Agreed 7.5
Managing Change and Improvement 3.52 Strongly Agreed 7.5
Knowledge of Work 3.43 Agreed 9
Overall Mean 3.50 Strongly Agreed

individuals are more drawn to broader aspects such as responsiveness and

appearance, rather than a detailed comprehension of the technical aspects of the

job.

Sex Differences in Motivation and Interest

The sex difference in motivation and interest were shown in Table 4A to

4B. This was rated by the police officer who graduated in Bachelor of Science in

Criminology. This was obtained by getting the average of the weighted mean of

the response. A summary table was also presented in Table 4C to determine

which among the variables have the lowest and highest interpretation in terms of

sex demographics.

Intrinsic Factors along Sex. Table 4A showed the intrinsic factors of the
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respondents in joining the Philippine National Police in Sex demographic. Result

revealed that the indicator “Fascinated by crime/crime fighting” was the highest

rated indicator for the male criminology graduates with mean rating of 3.75. For

the female criminology graduates, the highest rated indicator was the

“Opportunities for advancement” with mean rating of 3.86. General findings

revealed that “Fascinated by crime/crime fighting” and “To protect family, friends

and other people from danger” got the highest weighted mean rating of 3.75. It

was followed by “Opportunities for advancement” with a mean rating of 3.74.

Conversely, “Interested in security work” got the lowest mean rating of 3.50. The

overall mean rating obtained by the intrinsic factors of the respondents in joining

the Philippine National Police in Sex demographic was 3.49, interpreted as

strongly agreed.

The result inferred that among male criminology graduates, the highest-

rated factor was being fascinated by crime/crime fighting, this suggests a deep-

seated interest and passion for engaging with the complexities of criminal

activities and the pursuit of justice. This choice indicates a strong intrinsic

motivation rooted in a genuine fascination with the intricacies of crime and the

desire to actively contribute to crime prevention and law enforcement. In

contrast, female criminology graduates prioritized "Opportunities for

advancement" as the highest-rated factor. This choice implies that female

graduates see the Philippine National Police as a platform offering substantial

Table 4A
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Intrinsic Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP along Sex

Indicators A B OM I R
To serve the public 3.70 3.72 3.71 SA 4.5
Fascinated by crime/crime fighting 3.75 3.74 3.75 SA 1.5
Excitement of the work 3.60 3.81 3.71 SA 4.5
Desire to enforce laws 3.64 3.63 3.63 SA 7
Opportunities for advancement 3.61 3.86 3.74 SA 2
Fit for personality and ability 3.12 2.31 2.72 SA 3
To protect family, friends and other people
3.73 3.77 3.75 SA 1.5
from danger
Interested in security work 3.49 3.50 3.50 SA 8
Personal choice/dream since childhood 3.67 3.72 3.70 SA 5
Service work on innate rehabilitation 3.72 3.63 2.68 A 6
Overall Mean 3.60 3.57 3.49
Interpretation SA SA
Legend:

Mean Range Verbal Interpretation Respondents

3.26-4.00 Strongly Agree (SA) A - Male Police Officer
2.51-3.25 Agree (A) B - Female Police Officer
1.76-2.50 Disagree (D)
1.00-1.75 Strongly Disagree (SD)

opportunities for career growth and progression. The decision to join is likely

influenced by the perceived potential for professional development, advancement

through the ranks, and the pursuit of a fulfilling and evolving career within the

organization. In general, the highest overall weighted mean ratings for both

genders were "Fascinated by crime/crime fighting" and "To protect family,

friends, and other people from danger" underscore shared values that transcend
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gender differences. The commonality in the appreciation for the captivating

nature of crime work and the intrinsic drive to protect others suggests a unified

commitment to the core principles of law enforcement.

Extrinsic Factors along Sex. Table 4B showed the extrinsic factors of

the respondents in joining the Philippine National Police in sex demographics.

Result revealed that the indicator “ Job pays well” was the highest rated indicator

for male and female criminologist, with mean rating of 3.64 and 3.72,

respectively. General findings revealed that “ Job pays well” got the highest

weighted mean rating of 3.68. It was followed by “ Good companionship with co-

workers” with mean rating of 3.62. In contrast, the indicator “ Lack of other job

opportunities/alternatives” got the lowest mean rating of 3.11. The overall mean

rating obtained by the extrinsic factors of the respondents in joining the

Philippine National Police in Sex demographic was 3.49, interpreted as strongly

agreed.

The results suggest that both male and female criminology graduates

indicate a common recognition of the financial rewards associated with joining

the Philippine National Police. The decision to prioritize financial considerations

suggests a practical mindset, where individuals view law enforcement as a stable

and lucrative career path. This shared emphasis on financial incentives could be

rooted in the understanding of the challenging nature of police work, and

individuals seek compensation that aligns with the responsibilities and risks
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involved. In general, the unanimity in prioritizing "Job pays well" as the most

perceived extrinsic factor among male and female criminology graduates implies

a collective understanding of the importance of financial considerations in their

decision-making process. This result highlights the role of competitive

compensation in attracting and retaining individuals within the law enforcement

sector, emphasizing its significance as a key motivator for individuals pursuing a

career in the Philippine National Police, regardless of gender.

Table 4B

Extrinsic Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP along Sex

Indicators A B OM I R

Job pays well 3.64 3.72 3.68 SA 1

Profession has prestige 3.55 3.68 3.61 SA 3

Job security 3.55 3.63 3.59 SA 4
Good companionship with co-workers 3.61 3.64 3.62 SA 2
Fringe Benefits 3.44 3.59 3.51 SA 5
Job carries power and authority 3.43 3.50 3.46 SA 6.3
Early retirement with good pay 3.47 3.45 3.46 SA 6.3
Military structure 3.41 3.50 3.46 SA 6.3
Lack of other job opportunities/alternatives 3.04 3.18 3.11 A 7

Overall Mean 3.46 3.53 3.49 SA

Interpretation SA

Table 4C

Summary of Motivating Factors of Criminologists in Joining the PNP

along Sex
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Indicators OM I R

Intrinsic Factors 3.49 Strongly Agreed 2

Extrinsic Factors 3.50 Strongly Agreed 1
Overall Mean 3.49 Strongly Agreed

Table 4C summarize the motivating factors of criminologist in joining the

Philippine National Police. Among the factors, the extrinsic factor was the highest

perceived motivating factor of criminologist in joining PNP, and the least factor

was the intrinsic factors. This implies that the criminologists in the study may be

driven more by external reward rather than a sense of personal fulfillment,

purpose, or passion for the work. The overall mean of 3.49, interpreted as

“strongly agree”, indicates that the motivating factors are in agreement with the

perception of the respondents.

Interest. Table 5 showed the interest of the respondents in joining the

Philippine National Police in Sex demographic. Result revealed that the indicator

“Personal Appearance” was the highest rated indicator for the male criminology

graduates with mean rating of 3.76. For the female criminology graduates, the

highest rated indicator was the “Employee’s Responsiveness” with mean rating of

3.77. General findings revealed that “ Employee’s Responsiveness” got the

highest weighted mean rating of 3.71. It was followed by “ Personal Appearance”

Table 5

Interest of Criminologists in Joining the PNP along Sex

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Indicators A B OM I R

Employee’s Responsiveness 3.66 3.77 3.71 SA 1

Personal Appearance 3.76 3.63 3.69 SA 2

Customer Responsiveness 3.56 3.72 3.64 SA 3.5
Human Resource Management 3.60 3.68 3.64 SA 3.5
Communication 3.58 3.68 3.63 SA 5
Administration 3.64 3.59 3.61 SA 6
Expense Management 3.46 3.59 3.52 SA 7.5
Managing Change and Improvement 3.50 3.53 3.52 SA 7.5
Knowledge of Work 3.56 3.31 3.43 SA 9

Overall Mean 3.59 3.61 3.50 SA

Interpretation SA

with mean rating of 3.69. In contrast, “ Knowledge of Work” got the lowest mean

rating of 3.43. The overall mean rating obtained by the interest of the

respondents in joining the Philippine National Police in Sex demographic was

3.50, interpreted as strongly agreed.

The result inferred that for male respondents, placing the highest rating

on "Personal Appearance" suggests a recognition of the importance of physical

presentation in their professional role. This emphasis may stem from societal

expectations, traditional perceptions, or a belief in the significance of a well-

groomed and professional image for law enforcement officers. The

acknowledgment of "Personal Appearance" as a priority indicates that male

criminology graduates perceive the visual representation of police officers as

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influential in establishing authority and garnering public trust. On the other hand,

female criminology graduates prioritizing "Employee’s Responsiveness" as the

highest-rated indicator reflects a nuanced perspective. This emphasis suggests

that female respondents place a premium on the interpersonal skills and

approachability of law enforcement officers. "Employee’s Responsiveness" may

encompass qualities such as effective communication, empathy, and a

willingness to engage with the community. This result could be indicative of a

desire among female criminology graduates to contribute to a positive and

responsive policing culture, emphasizing the importance of building relationships

and fostering community trust.

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