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General graphs + interpreting graphs
Polynomials & division

Emin Tolukan
General graphs
?
 Why are graphs important?
• Graphs tell us a lot about data and certain
mathematical equations
• Basically speaking graphs are visual
representations of equations and inequalities
• On the SAT, graphs come out a lot
Types of graphs
That you need to know
Linear graphs
Parabolic (quadratic) graphs
Polynomial graphs
?
 There are a few ways to recognize graphs

• If I give you this graph, will

you be able to tell me the order of
the polynomial, the number of
turning points and the number of
roots?
 1) Order of a polynomial
• The order of a polynomial is the highest power of the
variable
 1) Order of a polynomial
• The order of a polynomial is the highest power of the
variable
• Ex) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5

• Ex) 𝑦 = −2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥

• Ex) 𝑦 = 8𝑥 6 + 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
 1) Order of a polynomial
• The order of a polynomial is the highest power of the
variable
• Ex) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 5 polynomial of 2nd order

• Ex) 𝑦 = −2𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 polynomial of 3rd order

• Ex) 𝑦 = 8𝑥 6 + 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 polynomial of 6th order

 2) Roots of polynomials
• A polynomial 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑛 + ⋯ … . . May have at
most “n” many roots
 2) Roots of polynomials
• A polynomial 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑛 + ⋯ … . . May have at most “n” many
roots

• Example:
Parabolas: a𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐
 3) Turning points of polynomials
• An ”n”th order polynomial must have n-1 turning points

turning point
 3) Turning points of polynomials
• An ”n”th order polynomial must have n-1 turning points

2 turning points
 3) Turning points of polynomials
• An ”n”th order polynomial must have n-1 turning points

2 turning points
 An ”n”th order polynomial must have n-1 turning points

• Example)
 An ”n”th order polynomial must have n-1 turning points

• Example)
 There are a few ways to recognize graphs

• If I give you this graph, will

you be able to tell me the order of
the polynomial, the number of
turning points and the number of
roots?
 There are a few ways to recognize graphs

• If I give you this graph, will

you be able to tell me the order of
the polynomial, the number of
turning points and the number of
roots?
3rd order polynomials
4th order polynomials
5th order polynomials
6th order polynomials