2 Principles Related to Practical Chemistry NEET GNaCN~Fe{OH), —*-» Na, |Fe(CN, j] +2NaOH noe AF + a[Fe(CN),J- +> Fe,IFe(CN)y, von an hora Detection of sulphur when nitrogen is not present © Thesodium fusion extract is added with sodium nitroprusside. Exhibition of violet colour confirms the presence ofS S7 |_+ [Fe(CN),NOJ~ —»[Fe(CN),NOS|*~ sue in Valter The extractis added with acetic acid and lead acetate is added to it. The appearance of black precipitate of lead sulphide contims presence of S. Pee ES Test for Nitrogen and Sulphur when Present Together When both nitrogen and sulphur are present in an organic compound, sodium thiocyanate may be formed on fusion with sodium metal Soda extract is acidified with dilute HCI, 2-3 drops of FeCl, is added to it, Appearance of blood red colouration confirms the presence of both nitrogen and sulphurin the organic compound. FeCl, + 3NaSCN—> Fe(SCN), + 3NaCI lode clee Detection of Halogens To test helogens, first nitrogen and sulphur ere removed in the form of HCN and H,S. For this soda extract is _adied with few drops of conc, HNO,, NaCN + HNO,—+ NaNO, + HCN Na,S+2HNO,—> 2NaNO,+ H,S. (@) Now, AgNO, Is adced to the solution if a white ppl. Is formed which dissolved in axcass of NH,()) then presence of chlorine is confirmes. Ag’ +Cr—» AgCl canter) AgGl+ 2NH, —s{Ag(NH IC ie ene setton (0) Ifa yellow precipitate partially solubie in ammonium hydroxide solution is formed the presence of bromine is confirmedin the organic compound. Ag’ +B ——+ AgBr (©) lodine ton forms dark yellow ppl that is insoluble in ammonia solution, Ag’ +! —> Ag! Dark eon Foss Layer test for bromine and iodine Soda extracts added with CC;, and chlorine water, appearance of orange coloured ‘ayer confirms presence of Br ‘and violet coloured layer indicates the presence of Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Phone - 011-47623456