NEET Principles Related to Practical Chemistry & Test ‘An aqueous or an alcoholic solution of the organic compound is added to the Tollen’s reagent and heated. Formation of a layer of siver metal on the inner surface of the test tube (silver mirror) indicates the prasence of an aldehyde, Den Opto Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. Phone - 011-47625456 TEST OF CARBOXYL GROUP [-COGH} ‘Sodium Hydrogencarbonate Te: Litmus Test Blue Litmus turns red when a drop of carboxylic acid is added to litmus solution’ paper, Sodium hydrogencarbonate Test: |f an organic compound containing carboxylic acid group is added to the ‘aqueous sclution of sodium hydrogen carbonate, the carbon dioxice gas is evolved with brisk effervescence. ROOGH + NaHCO,» ROOONa+H,0+CO, EsterTest Organic compound containing carboxylic acid group when added to alcohols in acidic medium then a compound with fruity sweet smellis formed. OOH + ROH —S=2°°4_, ROR’ + HO ccabsyie sont” Aloha TEST FOR AMINO GROUP (-NH,) Carbylamine Test When a primary aliphatic or aromatic amine ie heated with chloroform in the presence of alkali, 2 foul emelling compound (Isacyanide/ carbylamine) is formed. RNH, + CHCl, +SKOH——> R—NC_ +3KCi+ 3H Aiphone Al eattyaine PhNH, + CHCI, + 3KOH—— Ph—NG+ 3KCI+3H,0_ alte ‘Note: Secondary and Tertiary amines do not give positive carby’amines test Solubility Test Due to the basic nature of amino group, amines react with acids to form salts which are soluble inwater Hence canbe used as atest forthe amino group. CAHN, + HCI —> 6,1 Sor ‘di ae Azo Dye Test Itis a well-known test to identity primary aromatic amines and commonly used confirmatory test fori, The test involves the following two steps: + Diazotis chioride, 9: Reaction of primary aromatic amine with NaNO, and HC! at 0°C ~ 5°C to produce diazonium