KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 1

gƒj eBGqi AwZwiÚ Ask

PZz^Æ AaÅvq: KvR, ÞgZv I kwÚ
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉGk²vîi
² 1 ‰KwU 1.5 HP ÞgZvi Bwéb «¼viv 20 m DœPZvq AewÕ©Z 2q BwéGbi ˆÞGò,
cÉk

2000 wjUvi aviY ÞgZvmÁ·®² UÅvsK 30 wgwbGU cƒYÆ KiGZ cvGi| 2
ÞgZv, P2 = 2HP
BGUi fi, m = 3000kg
HP ÞgZvi ‰KwU Bwéb «¼viv 3000 kg BU H DœPZvq 25 wgwbGU
DœPZv, h = 20m
ZzjGZ cvGi| wkLbdj-2 I 12 [Xv. ˆev. 2016]
mgq, t2 = 25  60 = 1500s
K. cxob KvGK eGj? 1  2q BwéGbi KvhÆKi ÞgZv P nGj,
2
L. wefekwÚ ejGZ Kx eySvq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 mgh 3000  9.8  20
P2 = =
M. cÉ^g Bwéb «¼viv K‡Z KvR wbYÆq Ki| 3 t2 1500
= 392W = 0.525HP
N. Bwéb«¼Gqi KgÆÞgZvi AbycvZ MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4 P 0.525
1 bs cÉGk²i Dîi 2q BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv, 2 = P2  100% = 2  100%
2

K eÕ§i wfZi ‰KK ˆÞòdGj jÁ¼fvGe D«¿„Z weK‡wZ cÉwZGivaKvix = 26.25%

1 19.33%
ejGK cxob eGj|  =
2 26.25%
= 0.736

L Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK AZ‰e, Bwéb«¼Gqi KgÆ`ÞZvi AbycvZ, 0.736 t 1|
AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvbGj eÕ§ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ 
cÉk
² 2
ARÆb KGi ZvGK wefekwÚ eGj| wefe kwÚGK V «¼viv cÉKvk Kiv m = 10kg
A
nq| wefe kwÚ wewf®² cÉKvGii nq| ˆhgb: hvw¯¨K, AwfKlÆR,
wÕ©wZÕ©vcK, ZvwoZ ˆPŒÁ¼K cÉf‡wZ| D`vniYÕ¼i…c: c†w^ex c†Ó¤
B 78.4 m
ˆ^GK m fGii ˆKvGbv eÕ§ h DœPZvq AeÕ©vb KiGj DÚ eÕ§i gGaÅ
100 m
mwçZ AwfKlÆR wefekwÚ, V = mgh| A C
M DóxcK nGZ cvB,
1g BwéGbi ˆÞGò, DœPZv, h = 20m
wPGò eÕ§wU A we±`y nGZ f„wgi w`GK coGQ|wkLbdj-6 [iv. ˆev.-2016]
cvwbi fi, m = 2000 wjUvi cvwbi fi = 2000kg K. KgÆ`ÞZv KvGK eGj? 1
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2 L. wefe kwÚ KxGmi Dci wbfÆikxj? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
K‡ZKvR, W = ? M. eÕ§wUi A ˆ^GK C-ˆZ AvmGZ KZ mgq jvMGe? 3
Avgiv Rvwb, N. "A I C we±`yGZ eÕ§wUi ˆgvU kwÚi cwigvY
W = mgh AcwieZÆbxq” MvwYwZKfvGe DwÚwUi h^v^ÆZv hvPvB Ki| 4
= 2000  9.8  20 = 3.92  105J (Ans.) 2 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
N DóxcK nGZ cvB, K ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i jfÅ KvhÆKi kwÚ I cÉ`î kwÚi AbycvZGK H

1g BwéGbi KvhÆKi mgq, t1= 30 wgwbU hG¯¨i KgÆ`ÞZv eGj|
= 30  60 s = 1800s
L ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK DcGi ˆZvjv nGj Zvi gGaÅ wefe
1g BwéGbi ÞgZv, P1 = 1.5 HP
kwÚ Rgv nq| eÕ§wUGK DcGi ˆZvjvi RbÅ AwfKGlÆi wei‚G«¬ ˆh
‘M’ Ask nGZ cvB, 1g Bwéb «¼viv K‡ZKvR, cwigvY KvR KiGZ nq, eÕ§wUi gGaÅ wVK ˆmB cwigvY wefe kwÚ
W = 3.92  105 J Rgv nq| ‰Lb, eÕ§i fi hGZv ˆewk nGe Zvi IRb ZGZv ˆewk
1g BwéGbi KvhÆKi ÞgZv, nGe| dGj eÕ§wUGK DcGi ˆZvjvi RbÅ AwfKGlÆi wei‚G«¬ ˆewk
W 3.92  105 J cwigvY KvR KiGZ nGe ‰es eÕ§wUi gGaÅ ˆewk wefe kwÚ Rgv
P1 = =
t1 1800 s
nGe| Avevi, DœPZv ˆewk nGjI ˆewk cwigvY KvR KiGZ nGe|
= 217.78W
= 0.29 HP
dGj ˆewk wefe kwÚ eÕ§wUi gGaÅ Rgv nGe| wecixZKÌGg, fi I
P 0.29 DœPZv Kg nGj Kg KvR KiGZ nGe| dGj Kg wefekwÚ eÕ§wUi
 1g BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv, 1 = P 1  100% = 1.5  100% gGaÅ Rgv nGe| myZivs wefe kwÚ eÕ§i fi ‰es f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK
1
= 19.33% eÕ§wUi AeÕ©vGbi DœPZv ‰B `ywU welGqi Dci wbfÆi KGi|
2 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms1

 L gvbyGli kwÚi Pvwn`v w`b w`b evoGQ| c†w^exi eZÆgvb ˆfŒZ
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2 AeÕ©vq bZzb KGi RxevkÄ R¾vjvwb e†w«¬ Kiv mÁ¿e bq| dGj KÌg
A ˆ^GK C we±`yi `ƒiZ½, h = 78.4 m eaÆgvb Pvwn`vi ˆhvMvb w`GZ wMGq RxevkÄ R¾vjvwb ‰Kw`b ˆkl nGq
A ˆ^GK C we±`yGZ AvmGZ cÉGqvRbxq mgq, t = ? hvGe| dGj weK͸ DrGmi w`GK SuyKGQ gvbyl| ˆhgb, ˆmŒikwÚ|
Avgiv Rvwb, hZw`b c†w^ex mƒGhÆi AvGjv ˆcGZ ^vKGe ZZw`b ˆmŒikwÚ ^vKGe|
1
h = ut + gt2
‰KviGY RxevkÄ R¾vjvwbi weK͸ R¾vjvwb Abym®¬vb Ri‚wi|
2
1
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
ev, 78.4 = 0  t + 2  9.8t2 Rwbi fi, m = 40 kg
ev, 4.9t2 = 78.4 wmuwoi ˆgvU DœPZv, h = 20  20 cm
78.4 = 400cm = 4m
ev, t2 = 4.9 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.81 ms2
ev, t2 = 16 Rwbi K‡ZKvR, W = ?
 t = 4s (Ans.) Avgiv Rvwb, W = mgh
= 40  9.81  4
N A we±`yGZ eÕ§i wefekwÚ, V1 = mgh
 = 1569.6 J (Ans.)
= 10  9.8  100
= 9800 J N ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
A we±`yGZ eÕ§i ˆeM kƒbÅ| iwbi fi, m = 50kg
1 wmuwoi ˆgvU DœPZv, h = 4m [‘M’ nGZ]
A we±`yGZ eÕ§i MwZkwÚ, T1 = 2  m  (0)2 = 0 J
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.81ms2
A we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, E1 = V1 + T1 wmuwo AwZKÌg KiGZ Rwbi mgq, t = 10s
= 9800 + 0 wmuwo AwZKÌg KiGZ iwbi mgq, t1 = 18s
= 9800 J
‘M’ Ask nGZ cvB, Rwbi K‡ZKvR, W = 1569.6J
C we±`yGZ wefekwÚ, V2 = mg(100  78.4)
iwbi K‡ZKvR, W1 = mgh
= 10  9.8  21.6
= 50  9.81  4
= 2116.8 J
= 1962J
1
C we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, T2 = mv2 W 1569.6
2 Rwbi ÞgZv, P = t = 10 = 156.96 watt
1
= m (u2 + 2g  78.4) W 1962
2 iwbi ÞgZv, P1 = t 1 = 18 = 109 watt
1
1
=  10 (0 + 2  9.8  78.4)
2 MvwYwZK weGkÏlGYi gvaÅGg ˆ`Lv hvq,
1 W1 > W wK¯§ P > P1
=  10  2  9.8  78.4
2 AZ‰e, iwbi K‡ZKvR ˆewk nGjI Rwbi ÞgZv ˆewk|
= 7683.2 J m = 10kg
cÉk
 ² 4
 C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, E2 = V2 + T2 A
= (2116.8 + 7683.2)J
100m
= 9800J
MvwYwZK weGkÏlGY ˆ`Lv hvGœQ, E1 = E2 C

myZivs, "A I C we±`yGZ eÕ§wUi ˆgvU kwÚi cwigvY AcwieZÆbxq” wkLbdj-3 [P. ˆev.2016]
DwÚwU h^v^Æ| K. KvR KvGK eGj? 1
cÉk
 ² 3 Rwb I iwbi fi h^vKÌGg 40kg I 50kg| cÉwZwU 20cm L. eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2
DuPz 20wU wmuwo AwZKÌg KiGZ Rwb I iwb mgq ˆbq h^vKÌGg 10s M. A we±`y ˆ^GK eÕ§wUGK ˆQGo w`Gj ‰wU KZ ˆeGM C we±`yGZ
‰es 18s| [AwfKlÆR Z½iY g = 9.81ms2] ˆbGg AvmGe? 3
wkLbdj-2 I 11 [w`. ˆev.-2016] N. f„c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZ kwÚ mgvb
K. KgÆ`ÞZv KvGK eGj? 1 nGe MvwYwZK weGkÏlY KGi gZvgZ `vI| 4
L. RxevkÄ R¾vjvwbi weK͸ R¾vjvwb Abym®¬vb Ri‚wi ˆKb? eÅvLÅv 4 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
Ki| 2 K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci cÉhyÚ ej ‰es eGji w`GK eÕ§i miGYi

M. Rwbi K‡ZKvR wbYÆq Ki| 3 àYdjGK KvR eGj|
N. iwbi K‡ZKvR ˆewk nGjI Rwbi ÞgZv ˆewk L hw` ej cÉGqvGMi dGj eÕ§ eGji wecixZ w`GK mGi hvq ZvnGj
MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4 cÉhyÚ ej I AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiGZ½i àYdjGK eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR eGj|
3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi ‰KwU WvÕ¡vi hw` ˆgGS ˆ^GK ˆUweGji Dci DVvGbv nq ZvnGj
K ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i jfÅ KvhÆKi kwÚ I ˆgvU cÉ`î kwÚi AbycvZGK
 AwfKlÆ ej ˆh w`GK wKÌqv KGi miY Zvi wecixZ w`GK nq|
H hG¯¨i KgÆ`ÞZv eGj| ‰GÞGò AwfKlÆ eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR nq|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 3

M DóxcK nGZ cvB, Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms1

 N gGb Kwi,
DœPZv, h = 100 m f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK x DœPZvq B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe|
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 m s2 B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ, V = mgx
f„wgGZ AvNvZ Kivi mgq ˆeM, v = ? 1 1
B we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, T = mv2 = m {u2 + 2g(100  x)}
Avgiv Rvwb, 2 2
2 2 2
v = u + 2gh = 0 + 2  9.8 ms  100 m = 1960 m s 2 2 1
= m  2g(100  x) = mg (100  x)
2
 v = 1960 m2 s2 = 44.27 m s1 (Ans.)
cÉkg² GZ, m = 10kg
N gGb Kwi, V=T
A
f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK x DœPZvq B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe| ev, mgx = mg (100 – x) 100-x
B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ, V = mgx ev, x = 100  x 100m B
‰es MwZkwÚ, T = 1 mv2 ev, x + x = 100 x
2
1 ev, 2x = 100 C
= m {u2 + 2g(100  x)}  x = 50 m
2
1
= m  2g(100  x)
AZ‰e, f„-c†Ó¤ nGZ 50 m DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe|
2
= mg (100  x) cÉk
 ² 6 150 kW ‰i ‰KwU Zwor ˆgvUi 1000kg cvwb 0.5
cÉkg² GZ, m = 10kg wgwbGU 300m DuPz QvG` DVvGZ cvGi| wkLbdj-12 [wm. ˆev. 2016]
V=T A K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1
ev, mgx = mg (100 – x) 100-x L. Aby‹`NÆÅ Ziã I AbycÉÕ© ZiGãi gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ wjL| 2
ev, x = 100  x 100m B M. ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv wbYÆq Ki| 3
ev, x + x = 100 x N. KgÆ`ÞZv 75% nGj DwÍÏwLZ mgGq ˆgvUiwUi eÅwqZ kwÚi
ev, 2x = 100 C
cwigvY MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4
 x = 50 m 6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
AZ‰e, f„-c†Ó¤ nGZ 50 m DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe|
m = 10kg
K Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK
cÉk
² 5 AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvbGj eÕ§ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ
A
ARÆb KGi ZvGK wefekwÚ eGj|
100m
C
L Aby‹`NÆÅ Ziã I AbycÉÕ© ZiGãi cv^ÆKÅ:
Aby‹`NÆÅ Ziã AbycÉÕ© Ziã
AaÅvq 2 I 4 ‰i mg®¼Gq [P. ˆev. 2016] i. ˆh Ziã gvaÅGgi KYvàGjvi i. ˆh Ziã gvaÅGgi KYvàGjvi
K. KvR KvGK eGj? 1 Õ·±`Gbi w`GKi mvG^ Õ·±`Gbi w`GKi mvG^
L. eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2 mgv¯¦ivGj AMÉmi nq, Zv-B mgGKvGY AMÉmi nq, Zv-B
M. A we±`y ˆ^GK eÕ§wUGK ˆQGo w`Gj ‰wU KZ ˆeGM C we±`yGZ ˆbGg
Aby‹`NÆÅ Ziã| AbycÉÕ© Ziã|
AvmGe? 3
ii. msGKvPb I cÉmviGYi ii. gvaÅGg ZiãkxlÆ I Ziãcv`
N. f„c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZ kwÚ mgvb
gvaÅGg Ziã mçvwjZ nq| Drc®² KGi mçvwjZ nq|
nGe MvwYwZK weGkÏlY KGi gZvgZ `vI| 4
iii. ‰KwU msGKvPb I ‰KwU iii. ‰KwU ZiãkxlÆ I ‰KwU Ziã
5 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
cÉmviY wbGq Ziã‹`NÆÅ MwVZ| cv` wbGq Ziã‹`NÆÅ MwVZ|
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Ici cÉhyÚ ej ‰es eGji w`GK eÕ§i miGYi
M [we.`Ë. ˆevWÆ cÉGk² cÉ`î ÞgZvi gvb 15 kW ˆ`Iqv AvGQ hv

àYdjGK KvR eGj|
KvhÆKi/jfÅ ÞgZvi ˆPGq Kg, ZvB cÉ`î ÞgZv 150 kW aGi
L hw` ej cÉGqvGMi dGj eÕ§ eGji wecixZ w`GK mGi hvq ZvnGj mgvavb Kiv nGjv]
cÉhyÚ ej I AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiGZ½i àYdjGK eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR eGj| QvG` cvwb DVvGZ jfÅ ‰LvGb,
‰KwU WvÕ¡vi hw` ˆgGS ˆ^GK ˆUweGji Dci DVvGbv nq ZvnGj KvhÆKi kwÚ E nGj, ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv,
AwfKlÆ ej ˆh w`GK wKÌqv KGi miY Zvi wecixZ w`GK nq| V = cvwbi wefekwÚ = mgh Pi = 150 kW
‰GÞGò AwfKlÆ eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR nq| = 1000  9.8  300 = 150000W

M = 2940000 J cvwbi fi, m = 1000 kg

Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb,  jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, QvG`i DœPZv, h = 300 m

2 2
v = u + 2gh Avw`GeM, u = 0 m/s jfÅ KvhÆKi kwÚ DGîvjGbi mgq, t = 0.5 min
P0 =
2
= 0 + 2  9.8  100 DœPZv, h = 100 m mgq = 0.5  60 s
= 1960 m2s2 V 2940000 = 30 s
2 2
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 m/s2
= = AwfKlÆ R Z½ iY, g = 9.8 ms–2
 v = 1960 m s t 30
= 44.27 m/s (Ans.)
ˆkl ˆeM, v = ? = 98000 W ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv,  = ?
4 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

myZivs ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv, M 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi fi, m = 550 kg


jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv A we±`yi DœPZv, h = 60 m
=  100%
cÉ`î ÞgZv myZivs A we±`yGZ 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi wefe kwÚ,
P0 98000 VA = mgh = 550 kg  9.8 m s–2  60 m = 323400 J
=  100% =  100%
Pi 150000 A we±`yGZ wjdUwU wÕ©i wQj myZivs MwZkwÚ, TA = 0
= 65.33% (Ans.) myZivs A we±`yGZ 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi ˆgvU kwÚ,
N ‘M’ bs nGZ cvB, ˆgvUiwUi jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv,
 EA = VA + TA = 323400 J
P0 = 98000W B we±`yGZ wjdGUi wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ DfqB ^vKGe wK¯§ kwÚi
w«¼Zxq
ˆÞGò, KgÆ`ÞZv,  = 75% = 0.75 msiÞYkxjZv bxwZ AbymvGi ˆgvU kwÚ ‰KB ^vKGe| myZivs B we±`yGZ
aiv hvK, ˆgvUiwUi cÉ`î ÞgZv = Pi 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi ˆgvU kwÚ nGe, EB = 323400 J (Ans.)
Po N B we±`yGZ 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi ˆgvU kwÚ nGe, EB =
ZvnGj, =
Pi 323400 J [‘M’ nGZ cvB]
ev, Pi =
Po 10 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿ + wjdGUi fi = 550 kg

wjdGUi fi = 50 kg
98000
=
0.75
= 130666.67W myZivs 10 eÕ¦v wmGgG´Ÿi fi = 500 kg
1 eÕ¦v wmGgG´Ÿi fi = 50 kg
ˆhGnZz, ˆgvUiwU t = 30s mgGq DÚ KvR KGi ZvB,
8 eÕ¦v wmGgG´Ÿi fi = 400 kg
ˆgvUiwUi eÅwqZ kwÚ = ˆgvU cÉ`î kwÚ, Ei = cÉ`î ÞgZv  mgq
8 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn wjdGUi fi, m = 400 kg + 50 kg = 450 kg
= Pi  t
8 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn B we±`yGZ wjdGUi ˆgvU kwÚ = 8 eÕ¦v wmGg´Ÿmn
= 130666.67  30
= 3920000J A we±`yGZ wjdGUi wefe kwÚ
= 3920 kJ = 450 kg  9.8 ms–2  60 m = 264600 J
A^Ævr, KgÆ`ÞZv 75% nGj DGÍÏwLZ mgGq ˆgvUiwUi eÅwqZ kwÚi myZivs kwÚi cwieZÆb = 323400 J – 264600 J = 58800 J
58800 J
cwigvY nGe 3920 kJ| myZivs kwÚi kZKiv cwieZÆb = 323400 J  100% = 18.18%
A
cÉk
² 7 cÉk
² 8 wbGPi QwewU jÞ KGiv ‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI:
20 m
m = 10kg A
B
60m
x = 20 m
C h = 50 m
B
‰KwU 60m DœPZv wewkÓ¡ feGb 10wU wmGgG´Ÿi eÕ¦v KviGMv wjdGU C
DVvGbvi mgq 60m DœPZvq wjdGUi Zvi wQuGo gyÚfvGe wbGP coGZ wkLbdj-3 I 6 [e. ˆev. 2016]
^vKj| ÷ay KviGMv wjdGUi fi 50kg| K. IRbnxbZv Kx? 1
wkLbdj-6 I 10 [h. ˆev. 2016] L. ej I Z½iGYi mÁ·KÆ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
K. MwZkwÚ KvGK eGj? 1 M. f„wg ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq MwZkwÚ wefekwÚi w«¼àY nGe? 3
L. ej cÉGqvM KiGj mKj ˆÞGò KvR mgvb nq bv ˆKb? eÅvLÅv N. wPò nGZ ˆ`LvI ˆh, A, B ‰es C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ msiwÞZ
Ki| 2 ^vGK| 4
M. DóxcGKi wmGgG´Ÿi eÕ¦vmn KviGMv wjdGUi ˆgvU fi 8 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
550kg nGj B cGqG´Ÿ ˆgvU kwÚ KZ? 3 K ˆKvGbv ZGji Ici iwÞZ ev `ívqgvb eÕ§ ev eÅwÚi IRb hLb

N. B cGqG´Ÿ bvgvi mgq `yBwU wmGgG´Ÿi eÕ¦v KviGMv wjdU mÁ·ƒYÆ ev AvswkKfvGe H Zj «¼viv bvKP nq, KLb Abyf„Z ejGK H
ˆ^GK wQUGK Avjv`v nGj B cGqG´Ÿ KviGMv wjdUmn eÕ§ ev eÅwÚ wbGRi ‘IRb’ gGb KGi| ˆKvGbv KviGY ‰B cÉwZwKÌqv
wmGgG´Ÿi eÕ¦vi ˆgvU kwÚi kZKiv KZ cwieZÆb nGe ej cvIqv bv ˆMGj ZLb ˆh Abyf„wZ nq ZvGK IRbnxbZv eGj|
MvwYwZK weGkÏlY Ki| 4 L wbDUGbi MwZi w«¼Zxq mƒò ˆ^GK Avgiv Rvwb, ej = fi  Z½iY
7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi A^Ævr wbw`ÆÓ¡ fGii ˆKvGbv eÕ§i RbÅ Z½iY eGji mgvbycvwZK| ej evoGj
K ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§ Zvi MwZi RbÅ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ jvf Z½iY evoGe, ej KgGj Z½iY KgGe| eÕ§i Dci cÉhyÚ eGji gvb kƒbÅ

KGi ZvGK MwZkwÚ eGj| nGj Z½iY kƒbÅ nGe A^Ævr eÕ§wU mgGeGM PjGe ev ˆ^Gg hvGe|
L Avgiv Rvwb, KvR = ej  eGji w`GK AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ (miY)| M h DœPZvq wefe kwÚ mgh ‰es MwZkwÚ kƒbÅ| myZivs ˆgvU kwÚ
mgh| aiv hvK, f„wg ˆ^GK y DœPZvq MwZkwÚ wefe kwÚi w«¼àY
hw` eÕ§i Ici ej cÉGqvGMi dGj miY kƒbÅ nq ZGe K‡ZKvR kƒbÅ
nGe| y DœPZvq wefe kwÚ mgy ‰es MwZkwÚ T nGj kwÚi
nGe| Avevi ej cÉGqvGM eÕ§i miY eGji wecixZ nGj K‡ZKvR
wbZÅZvi bxwZ ˆ^GK cvB,
FYvñK wK¯§ eGji w`GK miY NUGj K‡ZKvR abvñK| ZvB ej mgy + T = mgh
cÉGqvGM mKj ˆÞGò K‡ZKvR mgvb nq bv| T = mgh  mgy
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 5

kZvÆbymvGi, mgh  mgy = 2 mgy M ‰LvGb, Mvwo `yBwUi fi = M

ev, 3 mgy = mgh 1g Mvwoi Avw`GeM, u1 = 6ms–1
 y=
h 50 m
= = 16.67 m (Ans.)
2q Mvwoi Avw`GeM, u2 = 9ms–1
3 3 1g Mvwoi Z½iY, a1 = 5ms–2
N A we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, VA = 1 mv2 = 1 m (0)2 = 0 J
 2q Mvwoi Z½iY, a2 = 3ms–2
2 2
gGb Kwi,
‰es wefekwÚ, TA = mgh = 10  9.8  50 = 4900 J Mvwo `yBwU t ˆmGK´£ mgGq s wgUvi `ƒiGZ½i M¯¦eÅÕ©vGb ˆcuŒQvGjv|
 A we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, EA = VA + TA = (0 + 4900) J = 4900 J 1g Mvwoi ˆÞGò,
B we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, TB = 1 mv2 1
s = u1t + a1t2
2 2
1 1
= m (u2 + 2gx) ev, s = 6t + 2  5  t2 .......(i)
2
1
=  10  (0 + 2  9.8  20) 2q Mvwoi ˆÞGò,
2
1
= 5  2  9.8  20 s = u2t + a2t2
2
= 1960 J 1
‰es wefekwÚ, VB = mg (h  x) ev, s = 9t + 2  3  t2.......(ii)
= 10  9.8 (50  20) (i) I (ii) Zyjbv KGi,
= 10  9.8  30 5 2 3
= 2940 J 6t + t = 9t + t2
2 2
 B we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, EB = VB + TB 5 3
ev, 6 + 2t = 9 + 2 t [ t = 0 mgGq Zviv hvòv KGiwQj]
= (1960 + 2940) J
= 4900 J 5 3
ev, 2 t – 2 t = 9 – 6
1
C we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, TC = 2 mv2 5–3
ev, 2 t = 3
1 1
= m (u2 + 2gh) = m (0 + 2  9.8  50)
2 2 ev, t = 3
1  t = 3s
=  10  2  9.8  50 = 4900 J
2  Mvwo `yBwU 3s ci M¯¦eÅÕ©vGb ˆcuŒQvj| (Ans.)
‰es wefekwÚ, VC = mg  0 = 0 J N “M” bs nGZ cvB,
 C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, EC = TC + VC AwZKÌv¯¦ mgq, t = 3s
= (4900 + 0) = 4900 J
3s ci 1g Mvwoi ˆeM, v1 nGj, v1 = u1 + a1t
 EA = EB = EC
= 6ms–1 + (5ms–2  3s)
AZ‰e, A, B I C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ msiwÞZ ^vGK| = 21 ms–1
cÉk
 ² 9 M fGii `yBwU Mvwo h^vKÌGg 6 ms–1 ‰es 9 ms–1 ˆeGM 3s ci 2q Mvwoi ˆeM, v2 nGj, v2 = u2 + a2t
hvòv ÷i‚ KGi ‰KB mgGq M¯¦eÅÕ©vGb ˆcuŒQvj| Mvwo `yBwUi Z½iY = 9ms–1 + (3ms–2  3s)
= 18ms–1
h^vKÌGg 5 ms–2 ‰es 3 ms–2| wkLbdj-3 [iv. ˆev.-2015] 1
K. ZvwoZ ˆPŒÁ¼K ej Kx? 1  1g Mvwoi MwZkwÚi cwieZÆb = M (v12 – u12)
2
L. wÕ©i AeÕ©v ˆ^GK ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y wbGPi w`GK coGZ ^vKGj 1
= M {(21ms–1)2 – (6ms–1)2}
2
ˆeGMi cwieZÆGbi KviY eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
1
M. Mvwo `yBwU KZ mgGq M¯¦eÅÕ©vGb ˆcuŒQvj? 3 = M (441 m2s–2 – 36m2s–2)
2
N. Mvwo `yBwUi MwZkwÚi Kxi…c cwieZÆb nGe? MvwYwZK hywÚi 1
mvnvGhÅ ˆZvgvi gZvgZ weGkÏlY Ki| 4
=
2 (
M  405 J )
9 bs cÉGk²i Dîi = 202.5M J
1
K `ywU Zwor PvRÆ, `ywU PzÁ¼K ˆgi‚, ‰KwU MwZkxj Avavb I ‰KwU  2q Mvwoi MwZkwÚi cwieZÆb, = M (v22 – u22)
2
PzÁK
¼ A^ev `ywU MwZkxj AvavGbi gGaÅ wKÌqvkxj AvKlÆY ev 1
= M {(18ms–1)2 – (9ms–1)2}
weKlÆYagÆx ˆgŒwjK ejB ZvwoZ ˆPŒÁ¼K ej| 2
L wÕ©i AeÕ©v nGZ ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y AwfKlÆ eGji cÉfvGe wbGPi w`GK 1
= M (324 m2s–2 – 81 m2s–2)
2
coGZ ^vKGj eÕ¦ywUi Ici AwfKlÆR Z½iY g = 9.8 ms–2 wKÌqv
1
KGi| A^Ævr eÕ¦ywUi ˆeM cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 9.8 ms–1 cwigvY e†w«¬ ˆcGZ =
2 (
M  243 J )
^vGK| ZvB ejv hvq, wÕ©i AeÕ©v ˆ^GK ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y wbGPi w`GK = 121. 5 M J < 202.5MJ
coGZ ^vKGj AwfKlÆ eGji cÉfvGe eÕ¦ywUi ˆeGMi cwieZÆb nq| 2q Mvwoi Zyjbvq 1g Mvwoi MwZkwÚi cwieZÆb ˆewk nGe|
6 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

cÉk
 ² 10 f„wg ˆ^GK 10m DuPzGZ ^vKv 0.25kg fGii ‰KwU Avg  L gGb Kwi, ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yi IRb (W) ‰es ZiGj mÁ·ƒYÆi…Gc WzeGj
e†¯¦PzÅZ Kivi RbÅ ‰KwU ˆQGj 12ms–1 ˆeGM ‰KwU wXj QyoGjv| (Õ¼ZtcÉGYvw`Z nGq ev ˆRvi KGi) ‰i Ici DcGii w`GK W1
wkLbdj-3 [Xv. ˆev. 2015] cwigvY jwº¬ ej ev µÏeZv wKÌqv KGi|
K. NlÆY KvGK eGj? 1 W > W1 nGj eÕ¦ywU ZiGj WzGe hvGe, ‰GÞGò eÕ¦ywUi Mo NbZ½
L. RoZv ejGZ Kx eySvq? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ZiGji NbZ½ AGcÞv ˆewk| W = W1 nGj eÕ¦ywU mÁ·ƒYÆ wbgwäZ
M. Szj¯¦ AeÕ©vq AvgwUi wefe kwÚ wbYÆq Ki| 3 AeÕ©vq ZiGj WzGe ^vKGe| ‰GÞGò eÕ¦ywUi Mo NbZ½ ZiGji
N. ˆQGjwUi cGÞ AvgwU e†¯¦PzÅZ Kiv mÁ¿e nGe wK? MvwYwZK NbGZ½i mgvb| Avevi W < W1 nGj eÕ¦ywU mÁ·ƒYÆ WzeGe bv A^Ævr
hywÚmn gZvgZ `vI| 4 AvswkK wbgwäZ AeÕ©vq fvmGe| ‰GÞGò eÕ¦ywUi Mo NbZ½
10 bs cÉGk²i Dîi ZiGji NbZ½ AGcÞv Kg| myZivs ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y ZiGj fvmv ev ˆWvev
K ‰KwU eÕ¦y hLb AbÅ ‰KwU eÕ¦yi msÕ·GkÆ ˆ^GK ‰GKi Dci w`Gq wbfÆi KGi gƒjZ ZiGji mvGcGÞ eÕ¦ywUi AvGcwÞK NbGZ½i Ici|
AciwU PjGZ ˆPÓ¡v KGi ev PjGZ ^vGK ZLb eÕ¦y«¼Gqi Õ·kÆZGj MwZi  M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
wei‚G«¬ ‰KwU evavi Drcwî nq, ‰ evavGK NlÆY eGj| cvwbi fi, m = 1500 L cvwbi fi
L cÉGZÅK eÕ¦yB wÕ©wZ ev MwZi ˆh AeÕ©vq AvGQ, ˆm AeÕ©vqB = 1500 kg [ 1L cvwb = 1 kg]
^vKGZ Pvq| ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y hw` wÕ©i ^vGK, ZGe ‰wU wÕ©iB ^vKGZ MfxiZv, h = 100 m
Pvq| Avevi eÕ¦y MwZkxj ^vKGj ‰wU ‰KB w`GK mg`Ë‚wZGZ MwZkxj mgqKvj, t = 1 min = 60 sec
^vKGZ Pvq| eÕ¦yi wbRÕ¼ AeÕ©v eRvq ivLGZ PvIqvi ˆh cÉeYZv ev Rvbv AvGQ, AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8ms
–2

agÆ Zv-B nGjv RoZv| D`vniYÕ¼i…c: ‰KwU wÕ©i evm nVvr PjGZ cvGÁ·i KgÆ`ÞZv,  = 70% = 0.7%
÷i‚ KiGj evGm emv hvòxi kixGii DcGii Ask wcQGbi w`GK SuyGK ˆei KiGZ nGe, cvGÁ·i KvhÆKi ÞgZv, P –2 =?
cGo wÕ©wZ RoZvi KviGY| Avevi Pj¯¦ evmwU nVvr ˆeËK KlGj Avgiv Rvwb, P = mgh 1500kg  9.8 ms  100m
=
t 60 sec
hvòxi DcGii Ask mvgGbi w`GK SuzGK cGo MwZ RoZvi KviGY| = 24500 watt
myZivs RoZvi KviGY eÕ¦y ev eÅvwÚ ˆh AeÕ©vq AvGQ wPiKvj ˆm P
AeÕ©vq ^vKGZ Pvq ev ˆm AeÕ©v eRvq ivLGZ Pvq| cvGÁ·i ˆgvU ÞgZv, Pin nGj, Pin = 
M 24500
= = 35000W (Ans.)
0.7
Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb,
N ‘M’ nGZ cvB, cvGÁ·i ˆgvU ÞgZv, Pin = 35000W
Ep = mgh AvGgi fi, m = 0.25 kg
= 0.25  9.8  10 f„wg nGZ AvGgi DœPZv, h = 10m cvGÁ·i cwiewZÆZ KgÆ`ÞZv,  = 60% = 0.6 nGj cwiewZÆZ
= 24.5 J (Ans.)
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms–2 KvhÆKi ÞgZv, P = Pin = 35000 watt  0.6
= 21000 watt
AvGgi wefe kwÚ, Ep = ?
‰GÞGò ‰KB cwigvY (1500kg) cvwb ZyjGZ t cwigvY mgq
N wXGji Avw` ˆeM, u = 12ms–1 mgh
jvMGj, P = t
mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ˆeM, v = 0ms1
wXjwU f„wg nGZ mGeÆvœP h DœPZvq DVGj, mgh 1500kg  9.8 ms–2  100m
 t = =
v2 = 02 = u2 – 2gh P 2100 watt
ev, u2 = 2gh = 70 sec
u2 (12ms–1)2 myZivs cƒeÆvGcÞv ˆewk mgq jvMGe = t – t = 70 sec – 60 sec
h= = = 10 sec
2g 2  9.8 ms–2
= 7.347m < 10m (f„wg nGZ AvGgi DœPZv) cÉk
 ² 12 2kW ÞgZvi ‰KwU Še`yÅwZK ˆgvUi 2 wgwbGU 10 wgUvi
myZivs ˆQGjwUi cGÞ AvgwU e†¯¦PzÅZ Kiv mÁ¿e nGe bv| DuPGz Z AewÕ©Z 1000 ˆKwR cvwb aviYÞgZvi ‰KwU kƒbÅ cvwbi
² 11 100m Mfxi Kzqv ˆ^GK ‰KwU cvGÁ·i mvnvGhÅ cÉwZ UÅvswK cƒYÆ KiGZ cvGi| AbÅw`GK 5kW ÞgZvi AbÅ ‰KwU
cÉk

wgwbGU 1500 wjUvi cvwb DGîvjb Kiv nq| cvGÁ·i KgÆ`ÞZv Še`yÅwZK ˆgvUi ‰KB mgGq 15 wgUvi DuPzGZ AewÕ©Z 1500kg
70%| wkLbdj-11 I 12 [wm. ˆev. 2015] cvwb aviY ÞgZvi cvwbi UÅvswK cƒYÆ KiGZ cvGi|
K. µÏeZv KvGK eGj? 1 wkLbdj-3 I 11 [w`. ˆev.-2015]
L. ˆKvGbv eÕ¦y ZiGj fvmv ev ˆWvevi KviY eywSGq `vI| 2 K. ej KvGK eGj? 1
M. cvGÁ·i ÞgZv wbYÆq Ki| 3 L. ‰KwU gvBGKÌ v evm I ‰KwU UÇ v GKi gGaÅ ˆKvbwUi RoZv
N. cvGÁ·i KgÆ`ÞZv 60% nGj 1500 wjUvi cvwb ZyjGZ ˆewk ‰es ˆKb? 2
cƒeÆvGcÞv KZ ˆewk mgq jvMGe? MvwYwZKfvGe DcÕ©vcb M. 10 wgUvi Du P z UÅvswKi cvwbi wefe kwÚ wbYÆ q Ki| 3
Ki| 4 N. ˆKvb ˆgvUiwU eÅenvi Kiv ˆewk jvfRbK nGe? MvwYwZK
11 bs cÉGk²i Dîi hywÚmn gZvgZ `vI| 4
K ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yGK Zij ev evqexq c`vG^Æ AvswkK ev mÁ·ƒYÆi…Gc 12 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
wbgwäZ KiGj eÕ¦ywU IcGii w`GK ˆh jwº¬ ej Abyfe KGi ZvGK  K ˆh evwnÅK KviY ˆKvGbv ‰KwU eÕ¦yi MwZ ev wÕ©wZ AeÕ©vi
µÏeZv eGj| cwieZÆb NUvq ev NUvGZ Pvq ZvGK ej eGj|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 7

L ‰KwU gvBGKÌvevm I ‰KwU UÇvGKi gGaÅ UÇvGKi RoZv ˆewk| =

mgh
t
KviY cÉGZÅK Ro c`v^ÆB Zvi wbGRi wÕ©i ev MwZkxj AeÕ©v 2t2 2
mgh
AÞyY² ivLvi ˆPÓ¡v KGi ‰es ‰wU eÕ¦yi fGii mvG^ cwiewZÆZ nq| =
2
fi ˆewk nGj RoZv ˆewk nq| ˆhGnZy ‰KwU UÇvGKi fi 1
gvBGKÌvevGmi ˆPGq ˆewk, myZivs UÇvGKi RoZv ˆewk nGe|  eÅwqZ kwÚ 
KgÆ`ÞZv
M Avgiv Rvwb, ˆhGnZy 1g ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv 2q ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv AGcÞv ˆewk,
AwfKlÆR ‰LvGb, myZivs 1g ˆgvUi eÅenvi jvfRbK nGe|
wefe kwÚ, V = mgh DœPZv, h = 10 m
= (1000  9.8  10) J cvwbi fi, m = 1000 kg cÉk
 ² 13 50 m DuPz ‰KwU Õ©vcbvi Dci 20kg fGii ‰KwU eÕ¦y
= 98000 J AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms–2 A AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK 5ms–1 ˆeGM PjGQ| eÕ¦yi Dci ˆeGMi
myZivs, UÅvswKi cvwbi wefe UÅvswKi cvwbi wefe kwÚ, V = ? AwfgyGL ej cÉGqvM Kivq 5 sec ci B AeÕ©vGb 30ms–1 ˆeM
kwÚ 98000J. (Ans.) cÉvµ¦ nq| wkLbdj-6 [h. ˆev. 2015]
N K. mvgÅ ej Kx? 1
1g ˆgvUi KZƆK K‡ZKvR, ‰LvGb, L. ej cÉGqvM KiGj mKj ˆÞGò KvR mÁ·®² nq bv ˆKb?@
W1 = mgh m = 1000 kg
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
= 1000  9.8  10 J h = 10 m
= 98000 J g = 9.8 ms–2 M. eÕ¦yi Dci cÉhyÚ eGji gvb KZ? 3
t1 = 2 min = 120s N. A I B AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi ˆgvU kwÚi ˆKvGbvi…c ZviZgÅ
1g ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv, P1 = 2 kW nGe wK? MvwYwZK hywÚi mvnvGhÅ gZvgZ `vI| 4
2q ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv, P2 = 5 kW 13 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
W 98000J K ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yi Ici ‰KvwaK ej wKÌqv KiGj hw` eGji jwº¬ kƒbÅ
 myZivs ˆgvU jfÅÞgZv, P1 = t 1 = 120s = 816.67 W
nq A^Ævr eÕ¦yi ˆKvGbv Z½iY bv nq, ZLb ejv nq eÕ¦yàGjv
jfÅ ÞgZv
 1g ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv, 1 = ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv  100% mvgÅveÕ©vq AvGQ| ˆh ejàGjv ‰B mvgÅveÕ©v m†wÓ¡ KGi ZvG`iGK
816.67W mvgÅ ej eGj|
=  100% L ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yi Ici F ej cÉGqvGMi dGj eGji w`GKi mvG^ 
2kW
=
816.67 W
 100% ˆKvGY s miY NUGj K‡ZKvR, W = Fscos
2000 W
F  0 nIqv mGî½I W = 0 nGZ cvGi hw` s = 0 A^ev cos = 0
= 40.83%
Avevi, 2q ˆgvUi KZƆK K‡ZKvR, A^Ævr  = 90 nq| A^Ævr ej cÉGqvM Kiv mGî½I eÕ¦yi hw` miY bv
W2 = mgh ‰LvGb, NGU A^ev miY NUGjI hw` Zv eGji jÁ¼w`GK NGU ZGe K‡ZKvR
= 1500  9.8  15 m = 1500 kg kƒbÅ nq| myZivs ej cÉGqvM KiGj mKj ˆÞGò KvR mÁ·®² nq bv|
= 220500 J h = 15 m M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Avw` ˆeM, u = 5ms– 1
= 2.21  105 J g = 9.8 ms–2 ˆkl ˆeM, v = 30ms–1
t1 = 2 min
= 120 s mgqKvj, t = 5 sec
W 2.21  105J eÕ¦yi fi, m = 20 kg
 2q ˆgvUi KZƆK jfÅ ÞgZv, P2 = t 2 = 120s
1 ˆei KiGZ nGe, cÉhyÚ eGji gvb, F = ?
= 1837.5 W = 1.84 kW Avgiv Rvwb, Z½iY a nGj,
ˆgvU jfÅ ÞgZv v–u 30ms–1 – 5ms–1
 2q ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv, 2 = ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv  100% F = ma = m.
t
= 20 kg 
5 sec
= 100N (Ans.)
1.84 kW
=
5 kW
 100% = 36.75% N A I B AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi gnvKlÆxq wefekwÚ,

V = mgh = 20 kg  9.8ms–2  50m = 9800J
 1g ˆgvUGii eÅwqZ kwÚ, W1 = P1t1 1
P1 A AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi MwZkwÚ, T1 = mu2
= t 2
1 1 1
mgh =  20 kg  (5ms–1)2
= t 2
1t1 1 = 250 J
mgh 1
= ‰es B AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi MwZkwÚ, T2 = 2 mv2
1
2q ˆgvUi KZ‡ÆK H ‰KB cwigvY cvwb (m = 1000 kg) ‰KB 1
=  20 kg (30 ms–1)2
DœPZvq (h = 10 m) ZzjGZ t2 mgq jvMGj eÅwqZ kwÚ, 2
W2 = P2t2 = 9000 J
P2  A AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi ˆgvU hvw¯¨K kwÚ, E1 = V + T1
= t2
2 = 9800J + 250 J = 10050 J
8 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

‰es B AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi ˆgvU hvw¯¨K kwÚ, E2 = V + T2 M cÉ^g 10 sec-‰i RbÅ, Avw`GeM, u = 10 m/s

= 9800 J + 9000 J = 18800 J ˆklGeM, v = 30 m/s
ˆhGnZy 10050 J  18800 J mgqKvj, t = 10 sec
A^Ævr E1  E2 u+v 10ms–1 + 30 ms–1
 cÉ^g 10 sec-‰i AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, s1 = 2 t = 10sec
myZivs A I B AeÕ©vGb eÕ¦ywUi ˆgvU kwÚi ZviZgÅ NUGe| 2
= 200 m
cÉk
² 14 cGii 5 sec-‰i RbÅ,
Y
mgGeM, v = 30 m/s
40
C
mgqKvj, t = 5 sec
B
30  cGii 5 sec-‰i AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, s2 = vt = 30 m/s  5 sec = 150 m
20 myZivs MvwowUi cÉ^g 15 ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½,
ˆeM (ms–1)

s = s1 + s2 = 200m + 150 m = 350 m (Ans.)

10
N DóxcK gGZ, Mvwoi fi, m = 300 kg

O
25 30 X
MvwowUi mGeÆvœP ˆeM, vmax = 30 m/s
5 10 15 20
mgq (s) 1
 MvwowUi mGeÆvœP MwZkwÚ, Tmax = mv2max
2
[e. ˆev.-2015]
1
wPGò 300 kg fGii ‰KwU Mvwoi MwZGeM ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ| =  300kg  (30m/s)2
2
K. g±`b KvGK eGj? 1 = 135000 J
L. ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yi Z½iY 10 m/s2 cƒeÆw`GK ejGZ Kx eyS? 2 DóxcGKi ˆjLgGZ,
M. MvwowUi cÉ^g 15 ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ wbYÆq Ki| 3 MvwowUi meÆwbÁ² ˆeM, vmin = 0 m/s
N. MvwowUi mGeÆvœP I meÆwbÁ² MwZkwÚi Zyjbv Ki| 4  MvwowUi meÆwbÁ² MwZkwÚ, Tmin = 1 mvmin2
2
14 bs cÉGk²i Dîi 1
=  300kg  (0m/s)2
K mgGqi mvG^ eÕ¦yi ˆeM nËvGmi nviGK g±`b eGj|
 2
=0J
L ˆKvGbv eÕ¦yi Z½iY 10 m/s2 cƒeÆw`GK ejGZ eySvq, eÕ¦ywUi ˆeM myZivs MvwowUi mGeÆvœP I
 meÆwbÁ² MwZkwÚi cv^ÆKÅ = Tmax – Tmin
cƒeÆw`GK cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 10 m/s nvGi e†w«¬ cvGœQ| = 13500J – 0J = 135000J

cix¶vq Kgb †c‡Z AviI cÖ‡kœvËi

cÉk
² 15 DœP cvigvYweK msLÅv wewkÓ¡ wewf®² ˆgŒGji weGkl
fvOGb ‰KvwaK ˆgŒj ŠZwi nq ‰es cÉPzi kwÚ cvIqv hvq| ‰wU
nGjv wbDwKÑq NUbv| D`vniYÕ¼i…c: ‰KwU BDGiwbqvg cigvYyGK
‰KwU wbDUÇb «¼viv AvNvZ KiGj cÉPzi kwÚ cvIqv hvq| wkLbdj-1
K. KG´ŸÈvj iW KvGK eGj?
L. fi I kwÚi mÁ·KÆ Kx? eÅvLÅv KGiv|
M. DóxcGKi AvGjvwPZ c`vG^Æi 1gm ˆ^GK Kx cwigvY kwÚ
cvIqv hvGe?
N. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ NUbvwUGZ Kx NUGe wewKÌqv mnKvGi
AvGjvPbv KGiv|
15 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
K Gevib ev KÅvWwgqvGgi wbDwKÑq wewKÌqv e®¬ nevi ci evowZ
wbDUÇbGK ˆkvlY Kivi RbÅ ˆevib ev KÅvWwgqvGgi ŠZwi ‰K
aiGbi weGkl `í wbDwKÑqvi wi-AÅvÙi ^vGK, ‰àGjvGK KG´ŸÈvj iW
eGj|
L weævbx AvBbÕ¡vBGbi w^Iix Ae wiGjwUwfwU AbymvGi, fiGK
kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ Kiv hvq| hw` m fGii eÕ§GK kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦i Kiv
nq ZvnGj cÉvµ¦ kwÚ nGe E = mc2| ˆhLvGb, c = kƒbÅÕ©vGb AvGjvi
ˆeM| AvGjvi ˆeM (3  108 ms1) wekvj, ˆmUvGK eMÆ KiGj AvGiv
wekvj nq, A^Ævr A͸ ‰KUz fiGK kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦i KiGj wekvj kwÚ
cvIqv hvq|
wbDwKÑqvi kwÚGKG±`Ê DœP fiwewkÓ¡ wewf®² cigvYyGK wewf®² KYv «¼viv
AvNvZ Kivi gvaÅGg wecyj cwigvY kwÚ ‰i…Gc AvnwiZ Kiv hvq|
M

Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb,
E = mc2 fi, m = 1 gm = 1  10–3 kg
= 1  10–3  (3  108)2 AvGjvi ˆeM, c = 3  108 ms–1
1 = 9  1013 J
2  1gm ˆ^GK 9  1013 J kwÚ cvIqv hvGe| (Ans.)
3 N ‰KwU BDGiwbqvg cigvYyGK ‰KwU wbDUÇb «¼viv AvNvZ KiGj
ˆPBb wewKÌqv ÷i‚ nq| ˆPBb wewKÌqv nGjv ‰gb ‰KwU cÉwKÌqv hv
4 ‰Kevi ÷i‚ nGj ZvGK PvjvGbvi RbÅ AbÅ ˆKvGbv AwZwiÚ Drm ev
kwÚi cÉGqvRb nq bv, Avcbv Avcwb PjGZ ^vGK|
235
‰KwU BDGiwbqvg 92 U cigvYyi wbDwKÑqvmGK DœP kwÚ mÁ·®²
wbDUÇb «¼viv AvNvZ KiGj wdkGbi dGj `ywU wbDwKÑqvm Drc®² nGe
‰es mGã mGã wZbwU wbDUÇb m†wÓ¡ nGe|
dGj ‰B wZbwU wbDUÇb AviI wZbwU BDGiwbqvg wbDwKÑqvGm wdkb
NUvGe, dGj ‰evi cvIqv hvGe bqwU wbDUÇb| ‰B bqwU wbDUÇb
AviI bqwU wbDwKÑqvGm wdkb NwUGq m†wÓ¡ nGe mvZvkwU wbDUÇb|
BDGiwbqvg ˆkl bv nIqv chƯ¦ ‰B cÉwKÌqv PjGZ ^vKGe| ‰B
cÉwKÌqvGK ejv nq ˆPBb wewKÌqv| Awbqw¯¨Z ˆPBb wewKÌqvq ‰K
ˆmGKG´£i jÞ fvGMi ‰KfvM mgGqi gGaÅ wdkb wewKÌqv nvRvi àY
e†w«¬ ˆcGZ cvGi| cÉwZwU wdkGbB wecyj cwigvY kwÚ wbMÆZ nq|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 9
20 J  2
ev, v2 = m
20 J 2
cÉviwÁ¿K ev, v = m
wbDUÇb 20 kgm2s–2 2
= = 28.3 ms–1
0.05 kg

wbDwKÑqvm
myZivs ejwUi mGeÆvœP ˆeM nGe 28.3 ms–1|
92U235

wdkb f™²vsk cÉk

² 17
wdkbKvGj Drc®² cÉhyÚ ej, F = 800N
wbDUÇb
30s aGi wKÌqv KGi eÕ§i fi
‰B wewKÌqvGK wbq¯¨Y KGi gyÚ wekvj cwigvY kwÚ nGZ we`yÅr 650gm
Drcv`b Kiv hvq|
cÉk
² 16
miY 350cm
AwkLbdj-2 I3
K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1
L. ‰KwU eÕ§i K‡ZKvR 60 J ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2
M. DóxcGK cÉhyÚ ej «¼viv K‡Z KvR wbYÆq KGiv| 3
mÁ·ƒYÆ gm†Y Zj N. ‰KB mgq aGi ‰KB cwigvY ej hw` Abyf„wgGKi mvG^
mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKv DcGii wÕ·ÉswUGK mvgvbÅ cwigvGY (1m) msKzwPZ 60 ˆKvGY cÉGqvM Kiv nq, ZvnGj eÕ§wUi MwZkwÚi ˆKvGbv
Kiv nGjv| ‰ msGKvPb NUvGZ MGo 20N ej cÉGqvM Kiv nGjv| cwieZÆb nGe wK? MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
AZ:ci ‰i mvgGb 50gm fGii ‰KwU ej ivLv nGjv| wkLbdj-2 17 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
K. KvR Kx aiGbi ivwk? 1 K ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi

L. hvw¯¨K kwÚ KxfvGe AbÅ kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGZ cvGi? 2 AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvbGj eÕ§ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ
M. wÕ·ÉswUGK msKzwPZ KiGZ Kx cwigvY KvR Kiv nGjv? 3 ARÆb KGi ZvGK H eÕ§i wefekwÚ eGj| A
N. wÕ·ÉswUGK ‰evi gyÚfvGe cÉmvwiZ nGZ w`Gj eGji L ‰KwU eÕ§i K‡ZKvR 60J ejGZ eySvq, 1N ej cÉGqvGM eGji
mGeÆvœP ˆeM 28.3ms1 nGe wK-bv? weGkÏlY Ki| 4 w`GK eÕ§i miY nq 60m ev 60N| ej cÉGqvGM eÕ§i eGji w`GK
16 bs cÉGk²i Dîi miY nq 1m A^ev ej I miGYi DcvsGki àYdj 60 N–m nq| A
K KvR ‰KwU ˆÕ•jvi ivwk|
 M ‰LvGb, A
L hvw¯¨K kwÚ Zvc kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGZ cvGi| nvGZ nvZ NlGj cÉhyÚ ej, F = 800 N
Zvc Drc®² nIqv ‰i D`vniY| KjgGK Lvwj gyGL duy w`Gj hvw¯¨K Abyf„wgGKi mvG^ Drc®² ˆKvY,  = 45
kwÚ kõ kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nq| cvwb hLb cvnvo ceÆGZi DcGi ^vGK AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, s = 350 cm = 3.5 m
ZLb ZvGZ wefe kwÚ mwçZ ^vGK| ‰B cvwb hLb Sibv ev b`xi…Gc K‡ZKvR, W = ?
ejwUi miGYi w`GKi Dcvsk «¼viv KvR mÁ·®² nq|
Dci ˆ^GK wbGP ˆbGg AvGm ZLb wefe kwÚ MwZkwÚGZ cwiYZ nq|
‰B cvwb cÉevGni mvnvGhÅ PvKv NywiGq we`yÅr Drcv`b Kiv nq|  ejwUi miGYi w`GK Dcvsk, Fx = F cos 45
= (800  cos 45)N
‰fvGe hvw¯¨K kwÚ Zwor kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nq| = 565.69 N
M ‰LvGb, cÉhyÚ ej, F = 20 N ‰es miY, x = 1m
 ZvnGj, K‡ZKvR, W = Fx  s
myZivs K‡ZKvR, W = ej  miY = 565.69 N  3.5 m
= Fx = 20 N  1m = 1979.915 J (Ans.)
= 20 J (Ans.) N ‰LvGb, A
N wÕ·És msGKvPGb K‡ZKvR ‰i gGaÅ wefekwÚ wnGmGe mwçZ cÉhyÚ ej, F = 800 N
^vKGe| wÕ·ÉswUGK cÉmvwiZ nGZ w`Gj ‰ kwÚ eGji MwZkwÚGZ eÕ§wUi fi, m = 650 gm = 0.65 kg
cwiYZ nGe| AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, s = 3.5 m
myZivs eGji mGeÆvœP MwZkwÚ = 20 J Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms–1
eGji fi, m = 50 gm = 0.05 kg Abyf„wgGKi mvG^ Drc®² ˆKvY, 1 = 45 nGj Abyf„wgK eivei
eGji mGeÆvœP ˆeM v nGj eÕ§wUi Dci wKÌqviZ ej, Fx1 = F cos 1
1 ‰GÞGò, eÕ§wUi Z½iY a1 I ˆkl ˆeM v1 nGj,
mGeÆvœP MwZkwÚ = 2 mv2 = 20J F = ma x1 1
10 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb
Fx F cos1
ev, a1 = m1 =  AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, x = (0·25  50) m = 12·5 m
m
Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb,
800 N  cos 45
=
0.65 kg
W = mgx fi, m = 50 kg
= 870.28 ms–2 = 50  9·8  12·5 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9·8 ms2
1 2 1 = 6125 J
 ‰GÞGò eÕ§wUi MwZkwÚ, T1 = 2 mv1 = 2 m (u2 + 2a1s) K‡ZKvR, W = ?
[ v2 = u2 + 2as] AZ‰e, cçg Zjv ˆ^GK wbGP bvgGZ iwdGKi K‡ZKvGRi cwigvY 6125 J|
1 (Ans.)
=  0.65  [0+2870.283.5]
2 N iwdGKi DVv-bvgvi ˆÞGò AwfKlÆ eGji cÉfvGe ÞgZvi ZviZgÅ
= 1979.89 J
 1980 J nq| DVv-bvgvi mgq miGYi gvb ‰KB nIqvq mgGqi wf®²Zvi RbÅ
Avevi, Avbyf„wgGKi mvG^ Drc®² ˆKvY, 2 = 60 nGj eÕ§wUi Dci KvGRi cwigvGY cv^ÆKÅ cwijwÞZ nq bv, ‰RbÅ DVv-bvgvi mgq ÞgZvi
Abyf„wgK eivei wKÌqviZ ej, Fx2 = F cos2 ZviZgÅ NGU|
‰GÞGò, eÕ§wUi Z½iY a2 I ˆkl ˆeM v2 nGj, Dci ˆ^GK iwdK hLb wbGP bvGg ZLb Zvi «¼viv K‡ZKvGRi
Fx2 = ma2 cwigvY 6125 J A^Ævr Zvi 6125 J kwÚ eÅq nGq ^vGK| ‰GÞGò ˆm
Fx F cos
ev, a2 = m2 = m 2 wbGP bvgGZ mgq ˆbq 1 wgwbU|
800 N  cos 60 myZivs iwdGKi ÞgZv, P1 = 6125 J = 102·08 W
= 60 s
0.65
= 615.38 ms–2 ‰ici iwdK hLb DcGi IGV ZLb Zvi 1 wgwbU 10 ˆmGK´£ A^Ævr
1 2 70 ˆmGK´£ mgq jvGM|
 ‰GÞGò eÕ§wUi MwZkwÚ, T2 = 2 mv2
1
myZivs ‰GÞGò iwdGKi ÞgZv, P2 = 6125 J = 87·5 W
70 s
= m (u2 + 2a2s)
2
DcGii AvGjvPbv ˆ^GK cÉZxqgvb nq ˆh, P1 ‰es P2 ‰KB eÅwÚi
1
=  0.65  [0+2615.383.5]
2 ÞgZv nIqv mGî½I gvGbi ZviZgÅ cwijwÞZ nq| ‰LvGb, iwdK
= 1399.92 J hLb Dci ˆ^GK wbGP bvgwQj ZLb AwfKlÆ ej wbGPi w`GK
 1400 J wKÌqvkxj wQj, hv ZvGK wbGP bvgGZ mnvqZv KiwQj, dGj Zvi mgq
ˆhGnZz E1  E2, ˆmGnZz ‰KB mgq aGi ‰KB cwigvY ej hw`
Kg ˆjGMwQj| Aciw`GK iwdK hLb DcGi DGVwQj ZLb AwfKlÆ
Abyf„wgGKi mvG^ 45 ˆKvGYi cwieGZÆ 60 ˆKvGY cÉGqvM Kiv nq
ej Zvi wei‚G«¬ KvR KiwQj, dGj Zvi mgq ˆewk ˆjGMwQj|
ZvnGj eÕ§wUi MwZkwÚi cwieZÆb NUGe|
myZivs AwfKlÆ eGji RbÅ mgGqi ZviZgÅ nq| Avi mgGqi
cÉk
² 18 iwdK AvwRgcyGii ‰KwU dÑÅvU evmvi cçg Zjvq evev-
ZviZGgÅi `i‚b iwdGKi ÞgZvi ZviZgÅ nq|
gvGqi mvG^ ^vGK| Zvi evmv ˆ^GK 25 cm DuPz 50wU ˆmvcvb cvwo
w`Gq wbGP bvgGZ mgq jvGM 1 wgwbU| wK¯§ ‰KB cG^ wbP ˆ^GK cÉk² 19
Zvi evmvq ˆhGZ 1 wgwbU 10 ˆmGK´£ mgq jvGM| ˆm jÞÅ KiGjv, B

bvgv AGcÞv DVGZ Zvi mgq jvGM ˆewk| iwdGKi fi 50 kg|

wkLbdj-2 I 11
10 3 m
K. KvGRi S.I ‰KK Kx? 1 15m

L. ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i ÞgZv 100W ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2

M. cçg Zjv ˆ^GK wbGP bvgGZ iwdGKi K‡ZKvGRi cwigvY A
60
C
wbYÆq Ki| 3 ˆnjvGbv ZGji cvGk 12kg fGii
‰KwU eÕ¦y ivLv AvGQ|
N. iwdGKi DVv-bvgvi ˆÞGò ÞgZvi ZviZgÅ nq wK?
wkLbdj-2 I 11
DîGii mcGÞ hywÚ ˆ`LvI| 4
18 bs cÉGk²i Dîi K. IRb Kx? 1
L. fi I IRGbi `yBwU cv^ÆKÅ wjL| 2
K KvGRi S.I ‰KK Ryj|

M. ˆnjvGbv Zj CB eivei eÕ¦ywU ZyjGZ KvGRi cwigvY
L ˆKvGbv h¯¨ ‰KK mgGq ˆh KvR mÁ·®² KGi Zv-B DÚ hG¯¨i
wbYÆq Ki| 3
ÞgZv| myZivs ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i ÞgZv 100W ejGZ ˆevSvq ˆh, h¯¨wU
N. eÕ¦ywUGK ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i mvnvGhÅ A nGZ B we±`yGZ DVvGZ
cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 100J KvR mÁ·®² KGi|
8sec mgq jvMGj hG¯¨i ÞgZv KZ? 4
M Dci ˆ^GK wbGP bvgGZ nGj iwdKGK 25 cm DuPz 50 wU ˆmvcvb

19 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
cvwo w`GZ nq A^Ævr ZvGK 12·5 m `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KiGZ nq|
DóxcGKi Z^Å nGZ cvB, K ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK c†w^ex ˆh ej «¼viv Zvi ˆKG±`Êi w`GK AvKlÆY

cÉwZwU ˆmvcvGbi DœPZv, 25 cm = 0·25 m KGi ZvGK eÕ§i IRb eGj|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 11

L fi I IRGbi gGaÅ `yBwU cv^ÆKÅ wbÁ²i…c:

 180 m DœPZvq wefekwÚ, V1 = mgh
cv^ÆGKÅi welq eÕ§i fi eÕ§i IRb = 1.5  9.8  180 = 2646 J
1. eÕ§i ˆfŒZ fi nGjv eÕ§i gaÅKvi IRb nj eÕ§i Dci  f„wg ˆ^GK 180 m DœPZvq ˆgvU hvw¯¨K kwÚ,
AeÕ©v ˆgvU c`vG^Æi cwigvY| c†w^exi AvKlÆY ej| E = T1 + V1
2. cwieZÆb eÕ§i fi ‰KwU aË‚e eÕ§i IRb Õ©vbGfG` = 386154 + 2646 = 388800 J
ivwk| ‰i ˆKvGbv cwiewZÆZ nq| Avevi, mGeÆvœP DœPZv, hmax nGj,
cwieZÆb nq bv| v2 = u2  2ghmax
M ˆnjvGbv Zj CB eivei eÕ¦ywUGK ZyjGZ ‰i IRGbi wei‚G«¬
 ev, 0 = u2  2ghmax
u2 (720)2
KvR KiGZ nGe| ev, hmax = 2g = 2  9.8 = 26448.98 m
eÕ¦yi fi, m = 12kg
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8ms–2 f„wgGZ AvNvZ Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ ˆeM vm nGj,
vm2 = 2ghm = 2  9.8  26448.98 m2s2
cÉhyÚ ej, F = eÕ¦yi IRb = mg
= 518400 m2s2
= 12kg  9.8ms–2
= 117.6kgms–2 = 117.6N  f„wgGZ AvNvZ Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ MwZkwÚ,
eGji w`GK miGYi Dcvsk, x = 15m (wPòvbyhvqx) 1 1
T2 = mvm2 =  1.5  518400 = 388800 J
2 2
myZivs, mÁ·vw`Z KvR, W = ej  miY = F  x = 117.6N  15m
= 1764J jÞÅ Kwi, E = T2
 ˆnjvGbv Zj CB eivei eÕ§wU ZzjGZ 1764J KvR KiGZ nGe| (Ans.) myZivs f„wg ˆ^GK 180m DœPZvq eÕ§wUi hvw¯¨K kwÚ f„wgGZ AvNvZ
N ‰LvGb, mÁ·®² KvR, W = 1764J [‘M’ nGZ cvB] Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆi MwZkwÚi mgvb|
h¯¨ KZ‡ÆK A nGZ B we±`yGZ eÕ¦ywUGK IVvGZ cÉGqvRbxq mgq, t = 8s.
cÉk
 ² 21 ‰Kw`b weGKGj eKzj I gyKzj ZvG`i evoxi eviv±`vq
KvR W 1764J
Avgiv Rvwb, ÞgZv, P = = = 220.5Js–1 = 220.5W NlÆYnxb cvKv ˆgGSGZ gvGeÆj ˆLjwQj| gyKzj 2ms-1 ˆeGM Zvi
mgq t 8s
myZivs h¯¨wUi ÞgZv 220.5W. gvGeÆjwU MwoGq w`j| gyKzGji gvGeÆjwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ gvGeÆjwUGK AvNvZ
cÉk
 ² 20 1.5 kg fGii ‰KwU eÕ§GK 720 ms ˆeGM Lvov DcGii KiGjv ‰es gyKzGji gvGeÆjwU AvNvZ Kivi mGã mGã ˆ^Gg ˆMj
1

w`GK wbGÞc Kiv nGjv| wkLbdj-3 ‰es wbw`ÆÓ¡ gvGeÆjwU mij cG^ MwZkxj nGjv|
K. KgÆ`ÞZv Kx? 1 NUbvwU eÅvLÅv Kivi RbÅ gyKzj ejGjv, ‰LvGb kwÚ ‰K gvGeÆj
L. 100 N ej ejGZ Kx eySvq? eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 ˆ^GK AbÅ gvGeÆGj Õ©vbv¯¦i nGqGQ| eKzj ejGjv, gvGeÆGji fi
M. 20 sec ci eÕ§wUi MwZkwÚ wbYÆq KGiv| 3 mgvb nIqvq ‰gb nGqGQ| wkLbdj-3
N. ˆ`LvI ˆh, f„wg ˆ^GK 180 m DœPZvq eÕ§wUi hvw¯¨K kwÚ K. KvR Kx? 1
f„wgGZ AvNvZ Kivi gynƒGZÆi MwZkwÚi mgvb| 4 L. hvw¯¨K kwÚ KZ cÉKvi - eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
20 bs cÉGk²i Dîi M. gyKzGji gvGeÆGji fi 0.01kg nGj ‰i MwZkwÚ KZ? 3
K ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i jfÅ KvhÆKi kwÚ I ˆgvU cÉ`î kwÚi AbycvZGK N. DóxcGK gyKzj I eKzGji wm«¬vG¯¦i h^v^ÆZv weGkÏlY
H hG¯¨i KgÆ`ÞZv eGj| A Ki| 4
L 50 N ejGZ ˆevSvq A 21 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
(i) ˆh ej 1 kg fGii eÕ§i Dci cÉhyÚ nGq 50 ms2 Z½iY m†wÓ¡ KGi|  K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci ej cÉGqvGM hw` eÕ§wUi miY NGU, ZGe eGji
(ii) ˆh ej 50 kg fGii eÕ§i Dci cÉhyÚ nGq 1 ms Z½iY m†wÓ¡ KGi| gvb ‰es eGji w`GK miGYi DcvsGki gvGbi àYdjGK KvR eGj|
2

M Avgiv Rvwb,
v = u  gt = 720 – 9.8  20
myZivs, KvR = ej  eGji w`GK AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½|
‰LvGb, A
= 524 ms–1
eÕ§i fi, m = 1.5 kg L hvw¯¨K kwÚ `yB cÉKvi, h^v: MwZ kwÚ I wefe kwÚ|
1
 T = mv
2
2
Avw`GeM, u = 720 m/s ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§ Zvi MwZi RbÅ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ ARÆb KGi
1
1
ev, T = 2  1.5  (524)2 mgq, t = 20 s ZvGK ‰i MwZkwÚ eGj, MwZkwÚGK 2 mv2 mgxKiY «¼viv cÉKvk
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms 2

T = 205932 J (Ans.) Kiv nq|

MwZkwÚ, T = ?
N Avgiv Rvwb, Aciw`GK, Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb cwieZÆGbi KviGY eÕ§ KvR
2 2
v = u  2gh Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ ARÆb KGi ZvGK ‰i wefe kwÚ eGj| AwfKlÆR
‰LvGb,
= (720)2  2  9.8  180 wefe kwÚGK mgh mgxKiY «¼viv cÉKvk Kiv nq|
= 514872 m2s2 Avw`GeM, u = 720 ms1 A
eÕ§i fi, m = 1.5 kg M gvGeÆGji fi m = 0.01kg ‰es v = 2ms-1
180 m DœPZvq MwZkwÚ,
1
1
T1 = mv2
DœPZv, h = 180 m Avgiv Rvwb, MwZ kwÚ, T = 2 mv2
2 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2 1
1
=  1.5  514872 gvb emvGj, MwZ kwÚ, T = 2  0.01  22J = 0.02J
2
= 386154 J myZivs gyKzGji gvGeÆGji MwZ kwÚ, T = 0.02J (Ans.)
12 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

N awi, gyKzGji gvGeÆGji fi = m1, ˆeM = v1 ‰es ˆgGSGZ ^vKv myZivs, wefe kwÚ, V = mgh
gvGeÆGji fi = m2 , ˆeM = v2 = 10 kg  9.8 ms2  150 m
1 = 14,700J (Ans.)
AvNvGZi cƒGeÆ gyKzGji gvGeÆGji MwZ kwÚ T = 2 m1v12 1
MwZkwÚ, T = 2 mv2
wefe kwÚ, V = 0 1 1
‰es ˆgGSGZ ^vKv gvGeÆGji MwZ kwÚ, T = 0, wefe kwÚ, V = 0 = m(u2 + 2gx) = m  2gx
2 2
AvNvGZi ci gyKzGji gvGeÆGji MwZ kwÚ, T = 0, T = mgx
wefe kwÚ, V = 0 = 10kg  9.8 ms2  100m
1 = 9800 (Ans.)
‰es ˆgGSGZ ^vKv gvGeÆGji MwZ kwÚ, T = 2 m2v22, wefe kwÚ, V = 0 N awi,
1
Avw` AeÕ©vq ˆgvU kwÚ = 2 m1v12 + 0 ZjG`k ˆ^GK h DœPZvq ‰es kxlÆG`k ˆ^GK (250  h) wbGP
MwZkwÚ nGe ‰i wefe kwÚi ‰K-Z‡Zxqvsk|
1 1
‰es ˆkl AeÕ©vq ˆgvU kwÚ = 0 + 2 m2v22 myZivs T = 3 V [T = MwZkwÚ, V = wefekwÚ]
kwÚi msiÞkxjZvi bxwZ AbymvGi, 1 1
ev, 2 mv2 = 3 mgh
Avw` AeÕ©vq ˆgvU kwÚ = ˆkl AeÕ©vq ˆgvU kwÚ|
1 1 1 1
AZ‰e, 2 m1v12 = 2 m2v22........ (i) ev, 2 m {(u2 + 2g (250  h)} = 3 mgh
1 1
‰wUB nGjv gyKzGji eÚeÅ| ev, 2 m  2g (250  h) = 3 mgh
Avevi (i) bs mgxKiY ˆ^GK ˆjLv hvq, m1v12 = m2v22 1
m v 2 ev, 250  h = 3 h
ev, m1 = v22
2 1

hw`, eKzGji eÚeÅ mZÅ nGZ nq, (1 )

ev, 250 = 3 + 1 h
A^Ævr m1 = m2 nGZ nq, ZGe v1 = v2 nGZ nGe| 4
ev, 250 = 3 h
myZivs, hw` ˆgGSGZ ^vKv gvGeÆGji ˆeM, avØv LvIqvi ci gyKzGji
gvGeÆGji ˆeGMi mgvb nq ZGeB gvGeÆGji fi `ywU mgvb nGe| 3  250
ev, h = 4
= 187.5 m
AZ‰e, ejv hvq, weGkl kZÆ mvGcGÞ eKzGji eÚeÅ mZÅ|
RjcÉcvGZi ZjG`k ˆ^GK 187.5m DœPZvq cvwbi MwZkwÚ
cÉk
² 22 250m DœPZvwewkÓ¡ ‰KwU RjcÉcvZ weGePbv Ki hvi wefekwÚi ‰K-Z‡Zxqvsk nGe|
kxlÆG`Gki I ZjG`Gki cvwbi Zvcgvòv h^vKÌGg 8C I 8.5C| cÉk
² 23
wkLbdj-3
A m = 10kg
K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1
L. Rj cÉcvGZi kxlÆG`k I ZjG`Gki Zvcgvòv wf®² nIqvi
KviY eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
M. hw` RjcÉcvGZi kxlÆG`k ˆ^GK 10kg fGii cvwb wbGPi 80m
w`GK cwZZ nq ZGe ZjG`k ˆ^GK hLb cvwb 150m DuPzGZ
^vGK ZLb ‰ cvwbi wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ KZ nGe? Zv C
wbYÆq Ki| 3
N. ZjG`k ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq cvwbi MwZkwÚ ‰i wefe kwÚi f„-c†Ó¤
‰K Z‡Zxqvsk nGe? 4 wkLbdj-3
22 bs cÉGk²i Dîi K. KvGRi gvòv Kx? 1
K Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK p2
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, T = 2m 2
AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©vq ev AeÕ©vGb ˆbqv nGj eÕ§GZ ˆh cwigvY kwÚ
Rgv nq ZvGK wefekwÚ eGj| M. A we±`y ˆ^GK eÕ§wUGK ˆQGo w`Gj ‰wU KZ ˆeGM f„c†Ó¤GK
L RjcÉcvGZi kxlÆG`Gk cvwbi mgMÉ kwÚB wÕ©wZkwÚ wnGmGe Rgv AvNvZ KiGe? 3
^vGK| AbÅw`GK cvwb RjcÉcvGZi ZjG`Gk cZbKvGj mgMÉ N. f„
c Ó
† ¤ ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq wefe kwÚ MwZkwÚi mgvb nGe?
wefekwÚ MwZkwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nq| MwZkwÚi wKQy Ask cvwb MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4
23 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
AYyàGjvi KÁ·b kwÚGZ cwiYZ nq hv Dú Zvcgvòv wbG`Æk KGi|
K KvGRi gvòv nGjv [W] = ML2T2

‰ KviGYB RjcÉcvGZi kxlÆG`k I ZjG`Gki Zvcgvòv wf®² nq|
M ‰LvGb, L Avgiv Rvwb,

1
RjcÉcvGZi ZjG`k ˆ^GK DœPZv, h = 150m MwZkwÚ, T = 2 mv2
cvwbi fi, m = 10kg m2v2
kxlÆG`k ˆ^GK `ƒiZ½, x = (250m  150m) = 100m ev, T =
2m
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 13

Avevi, L e±`yK ˆ^GK eyGjU ˆei nIqvi mgq e±`yK wcQGbi w`GK avØv
fiGeM, p = mv Lvq cøvrgyLx cÉwZwKÌqv eGji RbÅ| fiGeGMi msiÞY mƒGòi
p2
AZ‰e, T = 2m (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) mvnvGhÅ ‰i eÅvLÅv ˆ`Iqv hvq| àwj ˆQuvovi cƒGeÆ e±`yK I àwj
DfGqi ˆeM kƒbÅ ^vGK KvGRB ZvG`i fiGeGMi mgwÓ¡ kƒbÅ| àwj
M
 ˆQuvovi ci mvgGbi w`GK àwji wKQy fiGeM Drc®² nq| fiGeGMi
A we±`yGZ eÕ§i wefe kwÚ, ‰LvGb, msiÞY mƒò Abyhvqx àwj ˆQuvovi AvGMi I cGii fiGeGMi mgwÓ¡
V = mgh eÕ§i fi, m = 10kg mgvb nGZ nGe| myZivs àwj ˆQuvovi cGii fiGeGMi mgwÓ¡ mgvb
= 10 kg  9.8 ms2  80 m A we±`yi DœPZv, h = 80 m
nGZ nGj e±`yGKiI àwji mgvb I wecixZgyLx ‰KwU fiGeM m†wÓ¡
= 7840 J
f„c†GÓ¤ MwZkwÚ = A we±`yGZ wefekwÚ nGZ nGe| dGj e±`yK wcQGbi w`GK avØv Lvq|
1 M
ev, 2 mv2 = 7840 J
Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb,
7840J
ev, v2 = m  2 1 2
h = ut + gt eÕ§wUi fi, m = 500 gm = 0.5 kg
2
eÕ§wUi Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms1
15680J 1
ev, v2 = 10 kg 2
= (0  5 +  9.8  5 ) m
2 mgq, t = 5s
ev, v2 = 1568 = 122.5 m AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2
 v = 39.60 ms1 (Ans.) t mgGq AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, h = ?
N
  wefe kwÚi nËvm = mgh
A = 0.5  9.8  122.5 J = 600.25 J (Ans.)
N ˆgvU kwÚ msiwÞZ ^vKGZ nGj cZGbi mgq cÉwZwU AeÕ©vGb
80m  x wefe kwÚ I MwZ kwÚi mgwÓ¡ ‰KB nGZ nGe|
 B ‰LvGb, eÕ§i fi, m = 0.5 kg
mGeÆvœP DœPZv, h = 1000 m
eÕ§i Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms1
x C
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2
Avgiv Rvwb,
awi, f„c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK x DœPZvq wefekwÚ MwZkwÚi mgvb nGe| mGeÆvœP DœPZvq wefekwÚ, V = mgh
1 = 0.5 kg  9.8 ms2  1000 m
x DœPZvq MwZkwÚ = 2 mv2
= 4900 J
wefekwÚ = mgx 1
1
‰es MwZkwÚ, T = 2mu2
cÉkg² GZ, 2 mv2 = mgx 1
=  0.5 kg  02 = 0 J
ev, v2 = 2gx 2
ev, 02 + 2 g (80m  x) = 2gx  mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ˆgvU kwÚ, E = V + T
= (4900 + 0) J = 4900 J
ev 2  80  2x = 2x
‰Lb, t = 8s cGi eÕ§wUi ˆeM v ‰es AwZKÌv¯¦ DœPZv h1 nGj
ev, 160 = 2x + 2x
Avgiv Rvwb,
ev, 4x = 160 1
160 h1 = ut + gt2
ev, x = 4 = 40 m 2
1
= 0  8s +  9.8 ms2  (8s)2
40m DœPZvq MwZkwÚ wefekwÚi mgvb nGe| (Ans.) 2
= 313.6 m
cÉk
² 24 ‰KwU 500gm fGii eÕ§GK 1000m DœPZv wewkÓ¡ ˆKvGbv
 8 s cGi eÕ§wUi f„wg nGZ DœPZv, h2 = (1000  313.6) m
UvIqvi nGZ gyÚfvGe ˆQGo ˆ`Iqv nj| wkLbdj-3 I 6 = 686.4 m
K. ÞgZv wK? 1  8s ci eÕ§wUi wefe kwÚ, V1 = mgh2
L. e±`yK ˆ^GK eyGjU ˆei nIqvi mgq e±`yK wcQGbi w`GK = 0.5 kg  9.8 ms2  686.4 m
avØv Lvq ˆKb? 2 = 3363.36 J
M. 5 sec ci eÕ§wUi wefe kwÚ KZUzKz nËvm cvGe? 3 8s cGi eÕ§wUi ˆeM, v = u + gt
= 0 + 9.8 ms2  8s
N. mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ‰es 8 sec ci cÉvµ¦ DœPZvq ˆgvU kwÚ = 78.4 ms1
msiwÞZ ^vKGe wK? MvwYwZKfvGe eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 1
24 bs cÉGk²i Dîi ‰es MwZkwÚ, T1 = 2 mv2
1
K ‰KK mgGq ˆKvGbv eÅwÚ ev Drm «¼viv mÁ·vw`Z KvGRi
 =  0.5 kg  (78.4 ms1)2
2
cwigvYB ÞgZv| = 1536.64 J
14 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

 8s cGi eÕ§wUi ˆgvU kwÚ, E = V1 + T1 = (3363.36 + 1536.64) J K. ˆKv^vq wbDKÑxq kwÚGK hvw¯¨K kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦i Kiv nq? 1
= 4900 J L. Kqjv, LwbR ˆZj I cÉvK‡wZK MÅvmGK RxevkÄ R½vjvbx
myZivs mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ‰es 8s ci cÉvµ¦ DœPZvq ˆgvU kwÚ msiwÞZ ejv nq ˆKb@ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
^vKGe| M. DcGii bevqbGhvMÅ kwÚ Drm KxfvGe we`yÅr Drcv`Gb
eÅenvi Kiv hvq? 3
cÉk
 ² 25 400kg ‰es 500kg fGii `yBwU evm Mvwo h^vKÌGg
N. ˆZvgvi gGZ DcGivÚ AbevqbGhvMÅ kwÚ DrmàGjvi
70kmh1 ‰es 60kmh1 ˆeGM UvãvBj ˆ^GK XvKvi DGóGkÅ
Õ©Gj ˆmŒikwÚGK KxfvGe mivmwi eÅenvi Kiv hvq@
mgGeGM hvòv ÷i‚ Kij| wkLbdj-4 AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
K. ˆfÙi ivwk KvGK eGj? 1 26 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
L. mgGeGM Pjgvb eÕ§i Z½iY ^vGK bv ˆKb? 2 K wbDwKÑq mveGgwiGb wbDwKÑq kwÚGK hvw¯¨K kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦i Kiv nq|

M. w«¼Zxq MvwowUi MwZkwÚ wbYÆq Ki| 3
L RxeG`Gni A^Ævr cÉvYxG`n ‰es Dw«¿`G`Gni AskweGkl gvwUi
N. UvãvBj ˆ^GK XvKvi `ƒiZ½ 100km nGj ˆKvb MvwowU AvGM
wbGP Pvcv cGo jÞ jÞ eQi aGi ŠRweK cÉwKÌqvi gvaÅGg i…cv¯¦wiZ
XvKv ˆcuŒQGe  MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4 nGq Kqjv, LwbR ˆZj ‰es cÉvK‡wZK MÅvGm cwiYZ nq| ZvB
25 bs cÉGk²i Dîi ‰àGjvGK RxevkÄ R¾vjvwb ejv nq| ‰GÞGò gvwUi cyi‚ Õ¦Gii Pvc
K ˆh mKj ivwk mÁ·ƒYÆi…Gc cÉKvk Kivi RbÅ gvb I w`K DfGqi RwbZ kwÚ ‰es MwjZ jvfv ev gÅvMgvi ZvckwÚ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGq H
cÉGqvRb nq ZvG`iGK ˆfÙi ivwk eGj| mKj R¾vjvwbmgƒGni ivmvqwbK kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGqGQ|
L Avgiv Rvwb, ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§i ˆeGMi cwieZÆGbi nviGK M cvwb bevqbGhvMÅ kwÚi AbÅZg Drm| cvwbi ˆmËvZ I ˆRvqvi-
Z½iY eGj| mgGeGM MwZkxj ˆKvGbv eÕ§ wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`GK memgq ‰KB fvUvGK eÅenvi KGi kwÚ Dcv`vb Kiv hvq| cÉevwnZ cvwbi ˆmËvGZ
ˆeGM PjGZ ^vGK| Zvi MwZcG^ ˆeGMi cwieZÆb nq bv eGj wewf®² aiGbi kwÚ AvGQ ˆhgb MwZkwÚ I wefe kwÚ| cvwbi cÉevn ev
mgGeGM Pjgvb eÕ§i Z½iY ^vGK bv| ˆmËvZGK KvGR jvwMGq ˆh Zwor ev we`yÅr Drcv`b Kiv nq ZvGK ejv
nq Rjwe`yÅr| c†w^exi wewf®² ˆ`Gki Rjwe`yÅr cÉKG͸ Rjwe`yÅr
M ‰LvGb, 2q Mvwoi ˆeM, v2 = 60kmh1
 Drcv`Gbi RbÅ wefe kwÚ eÅenvi Kiv nq| cÉevwnZ cvwbi ˆmËvZGK
60  1000ms1 eÅenvi KGi we`yÅr Drcv`Gbi cÉwKÌqvwU mnR| cvwbi ˆmËvGZi mvnvGhÅ
=
3600
‰KwU UveÆvBb ˆNvivGbv nq| ‰B UveÆvBGbi NƒYÆb ˆ^GKB ‰LvGb hvw¯¨K
= 16.67 ms1
kwÚ I ˆPŒÁ¼KkwÚi mg¯¼q NUvGbv nq| cÉevwnZ cvwbi ˆmËvZ ˆ^GK
2q Mvwoi fi, m2 = 500kg
hvw¯¨K kwÚ msMÉn KGi ˆPŒÁ¼K kwÚi mg¯¼Gq Zwor Drcv`b Kiv nq
1
myZivs, 2q Mvwoi MwZkwÚ = 2 m2v22 eGj ‰ aiGbi ZwoGZi bvg Rjwe`yÅr|
1
=  500kg  (16.67ms1)2
N Avgiv Kqjv, LwbR ˆZj I cÉvK‡wZK MÅvm cÉavbZ R¾vjvbx
2 wnmvGe A^ev we`yÅr Drcv`Gb eÅenvi Kwi| ‰i weK͸ wnmvGe
= 69444.44 J (Ans.) ˆmŒikwÚ eÅenvi KiGj ˆjG´Öi mvnvGhÅ mƒhÆ iwkÄGK ˆdvKvm KGi
N ‰LvGb, UvãvBj ˆ^GK XvKvi `ƒiZ½ s = 100km Avàb R¾vjvGbv hvq| mƒhÆ wKiYGK avZe PvKwZi mvnvGhÅ ˆdvKvm
= 100  103m KGi ev cÉwZdwjZ KGi ˆmŒi PzwÍÏ ŠZwii gvaÅGg iv®²v Kiv hvq|
1g Mvwoi ˆeM, v1 = 70khm 1
‰Qvov ˆmŒi kwÚi mvnvGhÅ eqjvGi evÓ· ŠZwi KGi Zvi «¼viv Zwor
70  1000 1 Drcv`Gbi RGbÅ UvievBb ˆNvivGbv hvq| ‰ Qvov eZÆgvGb we`yÅr
= ms
3600
1
Drcv`Gbi RGbÅ ˆmŒi ˆKvl eÅenvi KGi ˆLvjvi cÅvGbj ŠZwi KGi
= 19.44ms
‰i gvaÅGg mçqK ˆKvlGK PvwRÆZ Kiv hvq hv ˆ^GK cieZÆxGZ
1g Mvwoi ˆÞGò, s = v1t1 we`yÅr mieivn cvIqv hvq| ‰Qvov ˆQvU ˆQvU BGjKUÇwbK h¯¨cvwZ
ev, 100  103m = 19.44ms1  t1 ˆhgb cGKU KÅvjKzGjUi, cGKU ˆiwWI BGjKUÇwbK Nwo BZÅvw`
ev, t1 = 5144.03 sec mivmwi ˆmŒikwÚi mvnvGhÅ Pvjvb hvq| ‰Qvov K‡wòg DcMÉGn Zwor
2q Mvwoi ˆÞGò, s = v2t2 kwÚ mieivGni RGbÅ ‰B ˆKvl eÅen†Z nq|
ev, 100  103m = 16.67ms1  t2 cÉk
² 27
ev, t2 = 5998.80 sec
myZivs MvwYwZK weGkÏlGY ˆ`Lv hvGœQ ˆh, 1g Mvwo AvGM ˆcuŒQvGe|
15 m
cÉk
 ² 26 KvV I MvGQi cvZv cywoGq ZvckwÚ m†wÓ¡, RjGmËvZ I UvievBb
evqycÉevn ˆ^GK h¯¨kwÚ Drc®² Kiv wQj mfÅZvi cÉv^wgK Õ¦i| wk͸
weµÏe evÓ·xq I BwéGbi eÅenvi gvbylGK h¯¨cvwZ PvjvGZ ˆkLvj|
h¯¨cvwZ PvjvGZ R¾vjvbx cÉGqvRb| R¾vjvbx wnmvGe Avgiv Kqjv,
wPGò ‰KwU Rj we`yÅr Drcv`b ˆKG±`Ê cvwbGK ‰KwU ˆgvUv cvBGci
LwbR ˆZj I cÉvK‡wZK MÅvmGKB eÅenvi Kwi| ‰àGjvGK kwÚi gvaÅGg wbGP AewÕ©Z UveÆvBGbi gaÅ w`Gq cÉevwnZ KGi we`yÅr
AbevqbGhvMÅ Drm wnmve aiv nq| c†w^exGZ hZ kwÚ AvGQ Zvi Drcv`b Kiv nq| ‰ ˆKG±`Êi we`yÅr Drcv`b ÞgZv 100MW.
cÉvq meUvB mƒhÆ ˆ^GK Avmv| wkLbdj-5 I 8 wkLbdj-6 I 7
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 15

K. Rjwe`yÅr Kx? 1 A^Ævr ‰GÞGò kwÚi i…cv¯¦i wbÁ²i…c: AvGjvK kwÚ

L. kwÚi cÉPwjZ DrmmgƒGni gGaÅ ˆewki fvMB AbevqbGhvMÅ kõ kwÚ
-eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 Zvc kwÚ
wefekwÚ  MwZkwÚ  we`yÅrkwÚ  ..............
M. cvwbi MwZkwÚ cyGivUvB we`yÅr kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGj DÚ
MW we`yÅr Drcv`b KiGZ cÉwZ ˆm. ‰ KZ NbwgUvi cvwb ‰GÞGò kwÚi ˆKej i…cv¯¦i nGœQ, ˆKvGbv cÉKvi m†wÓ¡ ev webvk
UveÆvBGbi gaÅ w`Gq cÉevwnZ KiGZ nGe? 3 nGœQ bv| myZivs mgMÉ cÉwKÌqv kwÚi msiÞY mƒò cyGivcywi ˆgGb PGj|
N. cÉ`î ˆKG±`Ê we`yÅr Drcv`b ‰es Drcvw`Z we`yÅGZi
cÉk
 ² 28 ‰KwU cvwbcƒYÆ Kzqvi MfxiZv 12 m ‰es eÅvm 4 m| 10
eÅenvGi kwÚi i…cv¯¦i ‰es msiÞY mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv
kW ÞgZv wewkÓ¡ ‰KwU ˆgvUi «¼viv cvwbcƒYÆ KzqvUv 20 wgwbGU Lvwj
Ki| 4
27 bs cÉGk²i Dîi Kiv hvq| AwkLbdj-11 I 12
K. RoZv KvGK eGj? 1
K cvwbi cÉevn ev ˆmËvZGK KvGR jvwMGq ˆh Zwor ev we`yÅr Drc®²
L. evwnÅK ej KvR bv KiGj eÕ§i Z½iY ^vGK bv eÅvLÅv Ki|2
Kiv nq ZvGK ejv nq Rjwe`yÅr|
M. KzqvwUGZ Kx cwigvY cvwb aiGe? 3
L kwÚi cÉPwjZ DrmmgƒGni AwaKvskB nGjv RxevkÄ R¾vjvwb|
N. ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv KZ nGe MvwYwZKfvGe wbYÆq Ki| 4
‰àGjv ‰Kevi eÅenvi KGi ˆdjGj Zvc I KveÆb-WvB-AÝvBW
28 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
i…Gc cwiGeGk wgGk hvq ‰es cybivq ˆdiZ Avbv mÁ¿e bq| ‰
R¾vjvwbàGjv `Ë‚Z dzwiGq hvq ‰es evievi PKÌvKvGi eÅenvi Kiv hvq K eÕ¦y ˆh AeÕ©vq AvGQ wPiKvj ˆm AeÕ©v eRvq ivLGZ PvIqvi
bv eGj ‰àGjvGK AbevqbGhvMÅ ejv nq| ˆh cÉeYZv ev ˆm AeÕ©v eRvq ivLGZ PvIqvi ˆh agÆ ZvGK RoZv
jÞ Kwi, Š`bw±`b RxeGb we`yÅr Drcv`b I hvbevnb Pvjbv nGZ ÷i‚ eGj| A
KGi meÆGÞGòB cÉavbZ RxevkÄ R¾vjvwb eÅenvi Kiv nq| myZivs  L wbDUGbi MwZi w«¼Zxq mƒò ˆ^GK Avgiv Rvwb, A
kwÚi cÉPwjZ DrmmgƒGni ˆewki fvMB AbevqbGhvMÅ| ej = fi  Z½iY
M ‰LvGb,
A^Ævr wbw`ÆÓ¡ fGii ˆKvb eÕ§i RbÅ Z½iY eGji mgvbycvwZK|
Drc®² we`yÅr Drcv`b ÞgZv = 100 MW = 100  106 W|
evwnÅK ej wKÌqv bv KiGj A^Ævr ej = 0 nGj, Z½iYI kƒbÅ nGe,
A^Ævr, cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 100  106J we`yÅr kwÚ Drc®² nq|
KviY eÕ§i fi KLbI kƒbÅ nGZ cvGi bv| myZivs evwnÅK ej wKÌqv
hw` cvwbi MwZkwÚi cyGivUvB we`yÅr kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nq ZGe
bv KiGj eÕ§i Z½iY ^vGK bv| A
Drc®² MwZkwÚI nGe 100  106J
M KzqvfwZÆ cvwbi AvqZb A
15m DœPZvq AewÕ©Z wbw`ÆÓ¡ cwigvY cvwbi wefekwÚ hLb
1 ‰LvGb,
cyGivUvB MwZkwÚGZ cwiYZ nq ZLb Avgiv 100  106J KvR ev V = 4 d2l
kwÚ cvB| Kzqvi MfxiZv, l = 12 m
1
=   (4)2  12 Kzqvi eÅvm, d = 4 m
ZvnGj mgh = 100  10 J 6 4
6
100  10 J = 150.797 m 3
cvwbi NbZ½, w = 1000 kg/m3
ev, m = g  h
cvwbi fi, m = ?
100  106J Avevi,
ev, m = –2
9.8ms  15m m
ev, m = 680272 kg w =
V
Avgiv Rvwb, ev, m = wV
cvwbi NbZ½,  = 1000 kg m3 = 1000  150.797
M 680272 3  m = 150797 kg (Ans.)
 cvwbi AvqZb, V= =
 1000
m = 680.272m3
N Avgiv Rvwb, A
A^Ævr cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 680.272 Nb wgUvi cvwb UvievBGbi gaÅ w`Gq
ˆgvUGii KvhÆKi ÞgZv, ‰LvGb,
cÉevwnZ KiGZ nGe| (Ans.)
Pout =
mgh ‘M’ nGZ cÉvµ¦,
N kwÚi msiÞYkxjZv bxwZ Abyhvqx Avgiv Rvwb, kwÚi m†wÓ¡ ev t
cvwbi fi, m = 150797 kg
webvk ˆbB, ÷aygvò i…cv¯¦i mÁ¿e| 150797  9.8  6
= cvwb DGîvjGbi Mo DœPZv,
DwÍÏwLZ ˆKG±`Ê Drc®² we`yÅr kwÚI kwÚi msiÞYkxjZv bxwZ ˆgGb 20  60
l 12
Drcvw`Z I i…cv¯¦wiZ nq| = 7389 W h= = m=6m
2 2
b`xi gvSLvGb ˆ`qv euvGai KviGY cvwb RGg cvwbi DœPZv evoGZ mgqKvj, t = 20 min
^vGK eGj cvwbi gGaÅ wefekwÚ mwçZ nq| wefekwÚ MwZkwÚGZ = (20  60) sec
i…cv¯¦wiZ nGq UvievBbGK Nyivq| UvievBGbi NƒYÆb KvGR jvwMGq ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv,
ˆRbvGiUGii gvaÅGg we`yÅr kwÚ Drc®² Kiv nq| Drc®² we`yÅr kwÚi Pin = 10 kW
gvaÅGg Avgiv AvGjvK kwÚ, kõ kwÚ, ZvckwÚ BZÅvw` cvB| = 10000 W
16 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

GgvUGii KvhÆKi ÞgZv Avevi, Pout = t

W cvGÁ·i KgÆ`ÞZv,  = 70%
 ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv =  100%
ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv = 0.7
W mgh cvwb DGîvjGbi Mo DœPZv,
Pout ev, t = P = P
=  100% out out
h
Pin
mg  2h +h
= 3 2h
7389 Pout  3 h = =
=  100% 2 3
10000 502654.82  9.81  2  15
= KzcwUGK cvwb kƒbÅ KiGZ mgq, t = ?
= 73.89% 14000  3
myZivs ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv 73.89% nGe|  t = 3522.17 s = 58.7 minutes
= 58 min 42 sec (Ans.)
2
cÉk
² 29 8 m eÅvm ‰es 15 m DœPZv wewkÓ¡ ‰KwU K„Gc 3 Ask  N K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwb ZzjGZ/÷KvGZ cÉGqvRbxq mgq
cvwb AvGQ| K„cwUGK cvwbkƒbÅ Kivi RbÅ 70% KgÆ`ÞZv mÁ·®² 20 wbYÆq A
kW ‰i cvÁ· eÅen†Z nGœQ| wkLbdj-11 K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwbi fi, ‰LvGb,
8
K. ‰K Ryj KvR KvGK eGj? 1 m1 = V K„Gci eÅvmvaÆ, r = 2 m
1
L. MwZkwÚ I fiGeGMi gGaÅ we`Ågvb mÁ·KÆ wbYÆq Ki| 2 = r2h
3 =4m
M. K„Gci mÁ·ƒYÆ cvwb kƒbÅ KiGZ KZ mgq jvMGe? 3 1
=   42  15  103 K„Gci MfxiZv, h = 15 m
3
N. ˆ`LvI ˆh, K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ ˆh mgq jvMGe K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwbi
 m1 = 251327.41 kg
wbGPi AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ Zvi ˆPGq ˆewk mgq jvMGe| 4 W
1
AvqZb, V = 3 r2h
29 bs cÉGk²i Dîi Avevi, Pout = t 1
1
cvwbi NbZ½,  = 1000 kgm–3
W m gh
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci ‰K wbDUb ej cÉGqvGMi dGj hw` eÕ§wUi eGji ev, t1 = P = P1 cvGÁ·i ÞgZv, P = 20 kW
out out
w`GK ‰K wgUvi miY nq ZGe mÁ·®² KvGRi cwigvYGK ‰K Ryj eGj| m1gh = 20000 W
= KgÆ`ÞZv,
L eÕ§i fi I ˆeGMi àYdjGK fiGeM eGj| eÕ§i fi m, ˆeM v Pout  2  = 70%
nGj fiGeM, p = mv| A 251327.41  9.81  15 = 0.7
=
14000  2 cvGÁ·i KvhÆKi ÞgZv,
Aciw`GK ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§ Zvi MwZi RbÅ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ
= 1320.82 s Pout = P  
jvf KGi ZvGK MwZkwÚ eGj|  t1 = 22.01 minutes = 20000  0.7
1 = 14000 W
Avgiv Rvwb, MwZkwÚ, Ek = 2 mv2
K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwb
m  m  v2
= [je I niGK m «¼vi àY KGi] ZzjGZ AwZKÌv¯¦ Mo DœPZv,
2m
2
h 2h
(m) +
= 3 3 h
2m h = =
2 2
p2
 Ek =
2m
‰es cÉGqvRbxq mgq, t1 = ?
K„Gci wbGPi AGaÆK cvwb ZzjGZ/÷KvGZ cÉGqvRbxq mgq wbYÆq
‰wUB fiGeGMi mvG^ MwZkwÚi mÁ·KÆ|
K„Gci wbGPi AGaÆK cvwbi fi, m2 = m1
M K„Gci cvwbi fi, A
  m2 = 251327.41 kg
m = V ‰LvGb, Avevi, ‰LvGb,
2 8 W2 K„Gci wbGPi AGaÆK cvwb ZzjGZ
= V
3 K„Gci eÅvmvaÆ, r= m
2
Pout =
t2
ev ÷KvGZ AwZKÌv¯¦ Mo DœPZv,
2 =4m W mgh
=   r2h
3 ev, t2 = P 2 = P 2h
+h
K„Gci MfxiZv, h = 15 m out out 3 5h
2r2h m2g  5h h =
2
=
6
=
3 K„Gci cvwbi fi = m =
Pout  6
K„Gci AvqZb, V = r2h cÉGqvRbxq mgq, t2 = ?
2  42  15  1000
= 251327.41  5  15  9.81
3 2 =
K„Gci cvwbi AvqZb, V = 3 V 14000  6
Avevi, m = 502654.82 kg = 2201.36 s
cvGÁ·i KvhÆKi ÞgZv, cvwbi NbZ½,  = 1000 kgm–3  t2 = 36.69 minutes.
Pout =   P AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.81 ms–2 = 36 min 41 sec
= 0.7  20000 cvGÁ·i ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv,  t2 > t1
= 14000 W P = 20 kW myZivs, K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ ˆh mgq jvMGe, wbGPi
= 20000 W AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ Zvi ˆPGq ˆewk mgq jvMGe|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 17

cÉk
² 30 mvwgqv I dvwiqvG`i DfGqi cwievGii m`mÅ msLÅv 4| 31 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
Dfq cwievGii evmvi QvG`i DœPZv wbGPi wiRvfÆvi ˆ^GK 30m|  K kwÚi SI ‰KK Ryj|
ˆKvGbv ‰Kw`b mvwgqviv 2 kW ‰i cvÁ·wU 2 wgwbU Pvjvj ‰es  L ZvcaviY ÞgZv I AvGcwÞK ZvGci gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ wbÁ²i…c:
dvwiqviv 1 kW ‰i cvÁ·wU 3 wgwbU Pvjvj| cÉGZÅK cwieviB ZvcaviY ÞgZv AvGcwÞK Zvc
Š`wbK 400 kg cvwb eÅenvi KGi| wkLbdj-11 i. ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Zvcgvòv i. 1kg fGii eÕ§i Zvcgvòv 1K
K. KgÆ`ÞZv KvGK eGj? 1 1K evovGZ ˆh cwigvY evovGZ ˆh cwigvY ZvGci
L. ˆKvGbv BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv 40% ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2 ZvGci `iKvi nq `iKvi nq ZvGK eÕ§i
M. mvwgqvG`i cvÁ·wU 5 wgwbGU 2040.75 kg cvwb 30m IcGi ZvGK eÕ§i ZvcaviY Dcv`vGbi AvGcwÞK Zvc
ZyjGZ cvGi| cvÁ·wUi jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv wbYÆq Ki| 3 ÞgZv eGj| eGj|
N. Hw`b mvwgqvG`i evmvq cvwbi ռ͸Zv bv nGjI dvwiqvG`i ii. ZvcaviY ÞgZvi ii. AvGcwÞK ZvGci ‰KK
evmvq cvwbi ռ͸Zv nGqGQ @ MvwYwZK weGkÏlYcƒeÆK g¯¦eÅ ‰KK Jkg1 Jkg1K1
Ki| 4 iii. ZvcaviY ÞgZv eÕ§i iii. AvGcwÞK Zvc eÕ§i
30 bs cÉGk²i Dîi Dcv`vGbi agÆ bq| Dcv`vGbi agÆ|
K jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv I ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZvi AbycvZGK KgÆ`ÞZv  M
eGj| DÚ cvwb ZzjGZ LiPK‡Z kwÚ ‰LvGb,
L ˆKvGbv BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv 40% ejGZ eySvq, BwébwUGZ 100J kwÚ W nGj, ˆgvUGii cÉ`î ÞgZv,
cÉ`vb KiGj 40J KvhÆKi kwÚ cvIqv hvq| ‰es evwK 60% kwÚi W = P  t P = 15kW = 15  103W
AcPq nq| = 11.25  103W  120sec KgÆ`ÞZv,  = 75% = 0.75
= 1.35  106J (Ans.)  jfÅKvhÆKi ÞgZv,
M
 ‰LvGb,
P =   P
Avgiv Rvwb, mgqKvj, = 0.75  15  103W
mgh
Pout = t = 5 min = 5  60 = 300s = 11.25  103W
t
2040.75  9.8  30 DGîvwjZ cvwbi fi, mgq, t = 2 wgwbU
= m = 2040.75 kg = 2  60 sec = 120 sec
300
= 1444.35W (Ans.) DœPZv, h = 30m N
jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, Pout = ?
awi, ‰LvGb,
N mvwgqvG`i cvÁ·wU 5 min-‰ 30 m DœPZvq 2040.75 kg cvwb QvG` mgÕ¦ cvwb ZzjGZ t mgq ˆgvUGii jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv,
ZyjGZ cvGi| jvGM| P = 11.25  103 W
2040.75  2 W [‘M’ bs nGZ]
 2 min-‰ 30m DœPZvq kg  P =
5 t cvwbi fi, m = 100 KzB´Ÿvj
= 816.3 kg cvwb ZyjGZ cvGi > 400 kg W
ev, t = P = (100  100) kg
dwiqvG`i ˆÞGò, cvGÁ·i ÞgZv, P = 1kW = 1000w [ 1 KzB´Ÿvj = 100 kg]
mgh
mgqKvj, t = 3  60 = 180s = = 104kg
P
DœPZv, h = 30m 104kg  9.8 ms2  15m
DœPZv, h = 15m
=
Avgiv Rvwb, P = t
mgh 11.25  103W
104 kg  9.8 ms2  15m
Pt 1000  180 =
 DGîvwjZ cvwbi fi, m = gh = 9.8  30 = 612.24 kg > 400 kg 11.25  103W
= 130.66 sec
myZivs ‘Hw`b mvwgqvG`i evmvq cvwbi ռ͸Zv bv nGjI dvwiqvG`i = 2.18 wgwbU
evmvq cvwbi ռ͸Zv nGqGQ’ @ DwÚwU mwVK bq| KviY Dfq ‰LvGb, ˆ`Lv hvq ˆh, mgÕ¦ cvwb QvG` ZyjGZ cÉGqvRbxq mgq
evmvGZ 400 kg AGcÞv ˆewk cvwb DGîvwjZ nGqGQ| DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ mgq AGcÞv ˆewk| AZ‰e, DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ
² 31 15kW ‰i ‰KwU ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv 75%| DÚ ˆgvUGii mgGq mgÕ¦ cvwb QvG` ˆZvjv mÁ¿e bq|
cÉk

mvnvGhÅ ˆKvGbv f„-wbÁ²Õ© UÅvâ ˆ^GK 100 KzB´Ÿvj cvwb 2 wgwbGU 
cÉk ² 32 20kW ‰es 5.88kW ÞgZvi `ywU Bwéb w`Gq ‰KwU 30m
QvG`i ˆPŒevœPvq DVvGbv hvq| wkLbdj-11 I 12 DuPz evwoi QvG` h^vKÌGg 2000kg I 1000kg cvwb 1 wgwbGU ZzjGZ
K. kwÚi SI ‰KK Kx? 1 cvGi| wkLbdj-11 I 12
L. ZvcaviY ÞgZv I AvGcwÞK ZvGci gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ wjL|y 2 K. eGji NvZ KvGK eGj? 1
M. DÚ cvwb ZzjGZ KZ kwÚ LiP nGe? 3 L. 50N ej ejGZ Kx ˆevSvq eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2
N. QvG`i DœPZv 15m nGj H ˆgvUi «¼viv DÚ mgGq mgÕ¦ M. cÉ^g BwébwU jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv KZ? 3
cvwb ˆZvjv mÁ¿e wKbv MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4 N. Bwéb `ywUi ˆKvbwUi KgÆ`ÞZv ˆewk- weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
18 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

32 bs cÉGk²i Dîi L eÕ§i fi I ˆeGMi àYdjGK fiGeM eGj| eÕ§i fi m ‰es

K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci wecyj cwigvY ej Lye Kg mgGqi RbÅ cÉhyÚ ˆeM v nGj fiGeM, p = mv| A
nGj ej ‰es eGji wKÌqvKvGji àYdjGK eGji NvZ eGj| Aciw`GK ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§ Zvi MwZi RbÅ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ
L Avgiv Rvwb, eGji ‰KK wbDUb ‰es 1N = 1kg  1ms2| 1kg jvf KGi ZvGK MwZkwÚ eGj|
ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Ici ˆh cwigvY ej cÉGqvM KiGj Zvi Z½iY 1ms2 1
Avgiv Rvwb, MwZkwÚ, Ek = 2 mv2
nq ZvGK 1N eGj| AZ‰e, 50N ej ejGZ H cwigvY ejGK
ˆevSvq hv 50 kg fGii ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Ici cÉGqvM Kiv nGj eÕ§i =
m  m  v2
[je I niGK m «¼vi àY KGi]
Z½iY nq 1ms2| 2m
2
M (m)
=
2m
jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, ‰LvGb, p2
Pout =
m1gh cvGÁ·i ÞgZv, P1 = 20 kW  Ek =
2m
t = 20  103W
2000  9.8  30 mgq, t = 1 wgwbU ‰wUB fiGeGMi mvG^ MwZkwÚi mÁ·KÆ|
=
60
= 60s M UÅvâwUi AvqZb, A

= 9800 W
= 9.8 kW (Ans.)
DœPZv, h = 30 m. V = r2l ‰LvGb,
cvwbi fi, m1 = 2000 kg ev, V = 3.1416  (0.75)2  2.5 UÅvâwUi f„wgi eÅvm, d = 1.5 m
jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, Pout = ? = 4.418 m3 1.5 m
 eÅvmvaÆ, r = = 0.75 m
N (M) bs ˆ^GK 1g BwéGbi jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, Pout 1 = 9.8 kW Avevi, cvwbi fi m nGj, 2
1g BwéGbi KgÆ `ÞZv, m = V DœPZv, l = 250 cm = 2.5 m
=
Pout 1
 100% ‰LvGb, = 1000 kgm–3  4.418 m3 UÅvâwUi ÞgZv, P = 0.6 kW
Pin 1
1g BwéGbi cÉ`î ÞgZv, = 4418 kg = 600 W
9.8 KvhÆKi ÞgZv,
=
20
 100% Pin 1 = 20 kW 4C Zvcgvòvq cvwbi NbZ½,
= 49%
2q BwéGbi cÉ`î ÞgZv, P =
mgh
 = 1000 kgm–3
Pin 2 = 5.88 kW t
2q BwéGbi jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv, cÉGqvRbxq mgq, t = 2 min
m2 gh
cvwbi fi, m2 = 1000 kg =
4418  9.8  1.25
= 120 s
Pout 2 = DœPZv, h = 30 m 120
t
= 451 W cvwb DGîvjGbi Mo DœPZv,
mgq, t = 60s l 2.5
1000  9.8  30 h= = = 1.25 m
2 2
=
60
jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv
= 4900 W Avgiv Rvwb, KgÆ`ÞZv =  100%
= 4.9 kW ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv
P P
2q BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv, 2 = Pout 2  100% =
P
 100%
in 2
4.9 451 W
=  100% =  100%
5.88 600 W
= 83.33% = 75.167% (Ans.)
A^Ævr ˆ`Lv hvGœQ ˆh, 2q BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv 1g BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv  N A
ˆ^GK ˆewk| KgÆ`ÞZv 70% nGj BwébwUi ‰LvGb,
cÉk²33 wmwj´£vi AvK‡wZi ‰KwU UÅvGâi f„wgi eÅvm 1.5 m| jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv,
 BwébwUi ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv,
UÅvâwUi DœPZv 250 cm ‰es UÅvâwU 4C Zvcgvòvi cvwb «¼viv P = P ‰i 70% P = 0.6 kW
cƒYÆ| 0.6 kW ÞgZvi ‰KwU Bwéb «¼viv UÅvâwU cvwbkƒbÅ KiGZ 2 70 = 600 W
= 600  cvwb DGîvjGbi Mo DœPZv
wgwbU mgGqi cÉGqvRb| wkLbdj-12 100
K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1 = 420 W h = 1.25 m (‘M’ Ask nGZ)
L. MwZ kwÚ I fiGeGMi mÁ·KÆ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 Avgiv Rvwb, KgÆ`ÞZv = 70%
M. BwébwUi KgÆ`ÞZv KZ? 3 P = mgh mgq, t = 2 min
t
N. BwébwUi KgÆ`ÞZv 70% nGj DóxcGKi mgGq UÅvâwU = 120 s
Pt
nGZ Kx cwigvY cvwb ˆei KGi w`GZ cviGe? MvwYwZKfvGe ev, m =
gh DGîvwjZ cvwbi fi, m = ?
weGkÏlY Ki| 4 420  120
33 bs cÉGk²i Dîi =
9.8  1.25
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi = 4114.29 kg
AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvbGj eÕ§ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ myZivs MvwYwZK weGkÏlGY ˆ`Lv ˆMj, BwébwUi KgÆ`ÞZv 70% nGj
ARÆb KGi ZvGK H eÕ§i wefekwÚ eGj| A DóxcGKi mgGq 4114.29 kg cvwb ˆei KGi w`Ge|
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 19

m†Rbkxj cÉk²eÅvsK
 Dîi msGKZmn cÉk² ˆhgb: wÕ·És ‰i msGKvPb| ‰Qvov AeÕ©vGbi cwieZÆGbi gvaÅGgI
eÕ§ wefekwÚ ARÆb KiGZ cvGi, ˆhgb, ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK f„wg nGZ
cÉk
 ² 34 wbGPi wPòwU jÞÅ Ki:
wbw`ÆÓ¡ DœPZvq ˆZvjv nGj ‰wU AwfKlÆR wefekwÚ ARÆb KGi|
A m = 15 kg mycvi wUcm& : cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ
150 m Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe
C M 50 kg fGii ‰KwU evjK 8 m/s ˆeGM ˆ`ŒovGj Zvi MwZkwÚ KZ?
N 60 kg fGii ‰KRb evjK 7m/s ˆeGM ˆ`ŒovGj evjKwUi
wkLbdj-3
K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1 MwZkwÚ KZ?
L. ej cÉGqvM KiGj mKj ˆÞGò KvR mgvb nq bv ˆKb?  cÉk² 36 c†w^exi eZÆgvb AeÕ©vq AbevqbGhvMÅ kwÚi wecixGZ
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 weK͸ ˆh mKj Drm eÅenvGii w`GK gvbyl AvK‡Ó¡ nGœQ Zvi gGaÅ
M. A we±`y ˆ^GK eÕ§wUGK ˆQGo w`Gj ‰wU KZ ˆeGM C ˆmŒikwÚ, cvwb cÉevn ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ kwÚ, ˆRvqvi-fvUvi kwÚ, f„-Zvcxq
we±`yGZ ˆbGg AvmGe? 3 kwÚ, evqy kwÚ, evGqvgvm kwÚ BZÅvw` DrmàGjv cÉavb| ‰ DrmàGjv
N. f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb cÉZÅÞ ev cGivÞfvGe mƒGhÆi Dci wbfÆikxj| hZw`b c†w^ex mƒGhÆi
nGe  MvwYwZK weGkÏlY KGi gZvgZ `vI? 4 AvGjv ˆcGZ ^vKGe ZZw`b chƯ¦ ‰ mKj Drm ˆ^GK kwÚi mieivn
34 bs cÉGk²i Dîi cvIqv mÁ¿e nGe| wkLbdj-7
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK cwieZÆb KGi
 K. ‰KK mgGq K‡
Z KvGRi cwigvYGK Kx eGj? 1
AbÅ ˆKvGbv AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvbGj eÕ§ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ L. kGõi DrcwîMZ w`K ˆ^GK ˆcGUÇ vwjqvg Kx? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
ARÆb KGi ZvGK H eÕ§i wefekwÚ eGj| A M. DGÍÏwLZ kwÚàGjv ˆKvb aiGbi eÅvLÅv Ki| 3
L KvR = ej  eGji w`GK miGYi Dcvsk ‰KviGY ‰KB ej N. ˆkGlvÚ kwÚwU AvgvG`i Rxeb hvòvi mvG^ KxfvGe
cÉGqvGMi dGj ‰KB cwigvY miY eGji mvGcGÞ wewf®² w`GK nGj mÁ·†Ú Zv AvGjvPbv Ki| 4
KvR wewf®² nGe| ˆhgb, F ej cÉGqvGMi dGj eGji w`GK miY s 36 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
nGj, KvR W = Fs| A K ‰KK mgGq K‡ZKvGRi cwigvYB nGjv ÞgZv|
Avevi, miY hw` eGji mvG^  ˆKvGY nq ZGe KvR nGe, L ˆcGUÇvwjqvg ‰KwU jÅvwUb kõ| ‰wU ŠZwi nGqGQ ˆcGUÇv I
W = Fscos.
Awjqvg wgGj| jÅvwUb fvlvq ˆcGUÇv kGõi A^Æ cv^i ‰es Awjqvg
Avevi, miY eGji mvG^ 90 ˆKvGY nGj, KvR, W = Fscos 90 = 0 nq|
kGõi A^Æ ˆZj| myZivs ˆcGUÇvwjqvg nj cv^Gii gGaÅ mwçZ ˆZj|
AZ‰e, ej cÉGqvM KiGj mKj ˆÞGò KvR mgvb nGe bv|
Uviwkqvwi hyGM A^Ævr AvR ˆ^GK cuvP Qq ˆKvwU eQi AvGM mgyG`Ëi
mycvi wUcm& : cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ
ZjG`Gk cvjwjK wkjvi Õ¦Gi Õ¦Gi MvQcvjv I mvgyw`ËK cÉvYx Qvcv
Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe cGo ivmvqwbK cwieZÆGbi gvaÅGg ˆcGUÇvwjqvg ŠZwi nGqGQ|
M co¯¦ eÕ§i ˆÞGò AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiGZ½i mvG^ ˆklGeGMi mÁ·KÆ Kx?
 mycvi wUcm& : cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ
N wefekwÚ I MwZkwÚ wbYÆGqi mgq ˆKvb ˆÞGò `ƒiZ½ Kx wbGZ nq? Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe
cÉk
² 35 kwdK I Zzwnb ‰KwU ˆ`uŒo cÉwZGhvwMZvq AskMÉnY M bevqbGhvMÅ kwÚ D`vniY mn eÅvLÅv Ki|

KGi| kwdGKi fi 50kg ‰es ˆm 8m/s ˆeGM ˆ`uŒovq| ZzwnGbi fi N mƒGhÆi AvGjv c†w^exGZ hZw`b ˆcuŒQGe ZZw`b bevqbGhvMÅ kwÚ
40kg ‰es ˆm 7m/s ˆeGM ˆ`Œovq| ‰B ˆeM ARÆb KiGZ K‡ZKvRB
^vKGe weGkÏlY Ki|
ZvG`i MwZkwÚ| wkLbdj-3
K. ˆcGUÇv kGõi A^Æ Kx? 1 cÉk
² 37 100 kW ‰i ‰KwU Zwor ˆgvUi 100 kg cvwb 45
L. ‰KwU eÕ¦y KxfvGe wefe kwÚ ARÆb KGi eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 ˆmGKG´£ 300 m DuPz QvG` ZzjGZ cvGi|
wkLbdj-12 [MfbÆGg´Ÿ jÅveGiUwi nvB Õ•zj, gqgbwmsn]
M. kwdK I ZzwnGbi gGaÅ Kvi MwZkwÚ ˆewk wQj wbYÆq
K.
msiÞYkxj ej KvGK eGj? 1
Ki| 3
L.
MwZkwÚi mvG^ fiGeM KxfvGe mÁ·wKÆZ Zv ˆ`LvI| 2
N. kwdK I ZzwnGbi DfGqi fi 60kg nGj Kvi MwZkwÚ
M.
ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv KZ? 3
ˆewk nGe MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY Ki| 4
N.
ˆgvUiwUi KgÆ`ÞZv 90% nGj DwÍÏwLZ mgGq ˆgvUiwUi
35 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
eÅwqZ kwÚi cwigvY MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
K ˆcGUÇv kGõi A^Æ cv^i|
 37 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
L ˆKvGbv eÕ§ Zvi Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vb nGZ cwiewZÆZ 
 K ˆKvGbv ˆÞGò Õ©vwcZ ‰KwU eÕ§GK ˆhGKvGbv cG^ NywiGq cybivq
AeÕ©v ev AeÕ©vGb AvmGj ‰wU wefekwÚ ARÆb KGi| ‰LvGb cÉv^wgK AeÕ©vq AvbGj ˆh ej «¼viv ‰i KvGRi cwigvY kƒbÅ nq,
AeÕ©vi cwieZÆb ejGZ gƒjZ AvK‡wZMZ cwieZÆb eySvGbv nGqGQ, ˆmB ejGK msiÞYkxj ej eGj|
20 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

L gGbKwi, m fGii ‰KwU wÕ©i eÕ§i Dci F ej cÉGqvM Kivq  cÉk
² 39 ‰KRb fvGivîjbKvix 200 kg fGii ‰KwU eÕ§GK gvwU
eÕ§wU v ˆeM cÉvµ¦ nGjv| awi, ‰ mgq eÕ§wU eGji w`GK s `ƒiZ½ nGZ 190 cm DuPzGZ DwVGq wÕ©i AeÕ©vGb ivGL| ‰ mgq ˆm F
AwZKÌg KGi| eÕ§wUGK ‰B ˆeM w`GZ K‡ZKvRB eÕ§i MwZkwÚ, Ek| Ea»ÆgyLx ej cÉGqvM KGi ‰es eÕ§wUi IRb W wbGPi w`GK wKÌqv
m m KGi| wkLbdj-6 I 11
s
F K. KvGRi gvòv wjL| 1
u=0 v L. W «¼viv K‡ZKvR wK abvñK bv FYvñK eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
 MwZkwÚ = K‡ZKvR = ej  miY = Fs M. F «¼viv ej cÉGqvGMi ˆÞGò eÕ§wU mgGeGM DcGi DVGj
ev, Ek = mas [‹ F = ma] K‡ZKvR KZ wbYÆq Ki| 3
wK¯§, v2 = u2 + 2as N. eÕ§wU hw` 5ms–2 mgZ½iGY DÚ DÍÏÁ¼ `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi
1 ZGe K‡ZKvGRi ˆKvGbv cwieZÆb nGe wK-bv? MvwYwZK
ev, as = 2 v2 [ Avw`GeM, u = 0]
1
weGkÏlGYi gvaÅGg gZvgZ `vI| 4
 Ek = mv2
2 cÉk
 ² 40 ‰KwU cvwb ˆZvjvi cvÁ· cÉwZ wgwbGU 1800kg cvwb 20m
Avevi, Avgiv Rvwb, fiGeM, P = mv DuPz `vjvGbi QuvG` ZzjGZ cvGi, hvi KgÆ`ÞZv 60%| A
m2v2 (mv)2 P2 wkLbdj-11 I 12 [wfKvi‚bwbmv bƒb Õ•zj ‰´£ KGjR, XvKv]
 Ek = = = |
2m 2m 2m K. 1N KvGK eGj? 1
mycvi wUcm& : cÉGqvM I DœPZi `ÞZvi cÉGk²i DîGii RGbÅ L. cuÅvPhyÚ cvwbi Kj hv NywiGq LyjGZ nq, mvevbhyÚ ˆfRv
Abyi…c ˆh cÉGk²i DîiwU Rvbv ^vKGZ nGe nvGZ Zv ˆLvjv KÓ¡Ki ˆKb? 2
M DwÍÏwLZ ˆgvUi nGZ jº¬ ÞgZv KZ?
 M. cvÁ·wUi ˆgvU ÞgZv wbYÆq Ki| 3
N. hw` cvÁ·wUi KgÆ`ÞZv 70% nGZv ZvnGj H ‰KB
N KgÆ`ÞZvi mvG^ jº¬ I cÉhyÚ kwÚi mÁ·KÆ Kx?

cwigvY cvwb ‰KB DœPZvq ZzjGZ mgGqi eÅeavb KZ
nGZv@ MvwYwZK weGkÏlY Ki| 4
 AbykxjGbi RbÅ AviI cÉk²
cÉk
 ² 41 300m Mfxi ‰KwU Kzqv ˆ^GK BwéGbi mvnvGhÅ cÉwZ
cÉk
² 38 35kg fGii ‰KwU evbi 30m DuPz ‰KwU bvwiGKj MvGQ 10s-‰
wgwbGU 1500 kg cvwb DGîvjb Kiv nq| BwéGbi KgÆ`ÞZv 70%|
DGV 2kg fGii ‰KwU bvwiGKj wQGo ˆdGj w`j| wkLbdj-3 I 11 wkLbdj-11 I 12
K. kwÚi gvòv wjL| 1 K. kwÚi msiÞYkxjZv bxwZwU wee†Z Ki| 1
L. Kv`vhyÚ ivÕ¦vq Avgiv wcQGj hvB ˆKb? eÅvLÅv Ki| 2 L. kwÚ I ÞgZvi gGaÅ `ywU cv^ÆKÅ wjL| 2
M. evbiwUi ÞgZv wbYÆq Ki| 3 M. BwéGbi ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv (HP) ‰KGK wbYÆq Ki| 3
N. bvwiGKjwU covi mgq f„wg ˆ^GK KZ DœPZvq ‰wUi wefe N. ‰KB ÞgZvi wK¯§ 60% KgÆ`ÞZvi ‰KwU Bwéb «¼viv
kwÚ MwZ kwÚi wZbàY nGe? 4 mgcwigvY cvwb Kzqv ˆ^GK ZzjGZ KZ mgq jvMGe? 4
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 21

AaÅvqwfwîK gGWGji Dîi

1 bs cÉGk²i Dîi L NlÆYRwbZ ej meÆ`v eÕ§i MwZi wecixGZ wKÌqv KGi|
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i fiGeGMi cwieZÆGbi nvi ‰i Dci cÉhyÚ eGji MwZGeGMi w`K cwieZÆb nGj NlÆYRwbZ eGjiI ˆmB Abyhvqx
mgvbycvwZK ‰es ej ˆhw`GK wKÌqv KGi eÕ§i fiGeGMi cwieZÆbI w`GKi cwieZÆb NGU| A
ˆmw`GK NGU| eÕ§i MwZGeGMi w`K abvñK aGi wbGj ˆfÙGii wbqgvbymvGi, ‰i
wecixZ w`GK wKÌqviZ MwZmsKÌv¯¦ ˆhGKvGbv ivwk FYvñK nGe| ‰
L ˆKvGbv Še`yÅwZK cvIqvi ˆÕ¡kGbi ÞgZv 200 MW ejGZ
KviGY NlÆYRwbZ ej FYvñK nq|
ˆevSvq, H cvIqvi ˆÕ¡kbwU cÉwZ ˆmGKG´£ 200  106 J Zwor kwÚ ‰LvGb,
M Avgiv Rvwb, A
mieivn KiGZ cvGi| F = ma P eÕ§i fi, mp = 1 kg
M
  F1 = mQa Q eÕ§i fi, mQ = 2kg
Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb, ev, F1 = 2a ............ (i) aiv hvK,
1 Avw`GeM, u = 0 m/s ‰es F2 = mPa eÕ§«¼Gqi Dci
h = ut + gt2
2
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 m/s2 ev, F2 = a .............. (ii) mgvb gvGbi Z½iY a wKÌqv KGi|
1
ev, 75.4 = 0 + 2  9.8  t2 (i) I (ii) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB, P eÕ§i Dci ej, F2 = ?
A ˆ^GK C we±`yi `ƒiZ½,
F1 = 2F2 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) Q eÕ§i Dci ej, F1 =?
75.4  2 h = 75.4 m
ev, t2 = 9.8 ˆ^GK C we±`yGZ AvmGZ, ‰LvGb,
A N Avgiv Rvwb, A
 t = 3.92 s (Ans.) mgq, t = ? 1 2 P eÕ§i fi, mP = 1 kg
MwZkwÚ, T = 2mv
Q eÕ§i fi, mQ = 2 kg
N
 1
A we±`yGZ wefekwÚ, ‰LvGb, P eÕ§i MwZkwÚ, TP = 2mPvP aiv hvK,
2

P eÕ§i ˆeM = vP
V1 = mgh eÕ§wUi fi, m = 10 kg 1
= 1vP2 Q eÕ§i ˆeM = vQ
= 10  9.8  100 2
Avw`GeM, u = 0 m/s 1 P eÕ§i MwZkwÚ = TP
= 9800 J = vP2
A we±`yGZ DœPZv, h = 100 m 2 Q eÕ§i MwZkwÚ = TQ
A we±`yGZ ˆeM = 0 ms1
A ˆ^GK C ˆZ AvmGZ miY, 1
A we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, Q eÕ§i MwZkwÚ, TQ = 2mQvQ2
s = 75.4 m
1 1
T1 =
2
m  02 = 0 J C we±`yGZ DœPZv, = 2vQ2
2
h = (100  75.4) m
 A we±`yGZ ˆgvUkwÚ, = vQ2
= 24.6 m
E1 = V1 + T1 = 9800 J DóxcGKi Z^ÅvbymvGi,
AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 m/s2
C we±`yGZ wefekwÚ, TP = TQ
1 2
V2 = mgh ev, v = vQ2
2 P
= 10  9.8  24.6
vP2
= 2410.8 J ev, vQ2
=2
1
C we±`yGZ MwZkwÚ, T2 = mv2  vP t vQ = 2 t 1
2
1 myZivs, P I Q eÕ§«¼Gqi MwZkwÚ mgvb nGj ˆeGMi AbycvZ nGe
= m (u2 + 2gs) 2 t 1|
2
1
=  10  (0 + 2  9.8  75.4)
2 3 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
= 7389.2 J
K ˆKvGbv MwZkxj eÕ§ Zvi MwZi RbÅ KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ jvf
 C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ, E2 = V2 + T2 = 2410.8 + 7389.2
KGi ZvGK ‰i MwZkwÚ eGj|
= 9800 J
 E 1 = E2 L f„-Afů¦Gii ZvcGK kwÚi Drm wnGmGe eÅenvi Kiv ˆhGZ
myZivs, MvwYwZK weGkÏlGY ˆ`Lv ˆMj ˆh, A I C we±`yGZ ˆgvU kwÚ cvGi| f„-Afů¦Gii MfxGi ZvGci cwigvY ‰Z ˆewk ˆh Zv
AcwieZÆbxq| wkjvLíGK MwjGq ˆdjGZ cvGi| ‰ MwjZ wkjvGK gÅvMgv eGj|
f„Zvwî½K cwieZÆGbi dGj KLGbv KLGbv ‰B gÅvMgv DcGii w`GK
2 bs cÉGk²i Dîi DGV AvGm hv f„-c†GÓ¤i LvwbK wbGP Rgv nq| ‰ mKj RvqMv nU
Õ·U bvGg cwiwPZ| f„-MfÆÕ© cvwb ‰ nU Õ·GUi msÕ·GkÆ ‰Gm
K hLb ‰KwU eÕ§ AbÅ ‰KwU eÕ§i Ici ej cÉGqvM KGi ZLb evGÓ· cwiYZ nq| ‰B evÓ· f„-MGfÆ AvUKv cGo hvq| nU Õ·GUi
ˆmB eÕ§wUI cÉ^g eÕ§wUi Ici wecixZ w`GK mgvb ej cÉGqvM Dci MZÆ KGi cvBc XzwKGq DœP PvGci ‰B evÓ·GK ˆei KGi Avbv
KGi| A hvq hv w`Gq UveÆvBb NywiGq we`yÅr Drcv`b mÁ¿e| A
22 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

M AvgwUGK AvNvZ Kivi gynƒGZÆ BGUi M


UzKivwUGZ MwZ I wefe Dfq cÉKvi kwÚB weivRgvb| Avgiv Rvwb, DóxcK nGZ cvB,
aiv hvK, BGUi UzKivwUi fi = m ‰LvGb, v2 = u2 + 2gh
= 0 + 2  9.8 m/s2  100 m
Avw`GeM, u = 0 m/s
h DœPZvq BGUi UzKivwUi AvgwUGK AvNvZ Kivi mgq BGUi DœPZv, h = 100 m
= 1960 m2s2
wefe kwÚ, V = mgh ‰es UzKivwUi ˆeM, v = 9.8 ms–1
 v = 1960 m2 s2 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 m s2
1
MwZkwÚ, T = mv2 f„wg ˆ^GK AvGgi DœPZv, h = ?
2 = 44.27 m s1 (Ans.) f„wgGZ AvNvZ Kivi gynƒGZÆ ˆeM, v = ?
kwÚi msiÞYkxjZv bxwZ AbymvGi, N gGb Kwi,
1 f„-c†Ó¤ ˆ^GK x DœPZvq B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe|
mgh =
2 (mgh + 12 mv )
2

B we±`yGZ wefe kwÚ, V = mgx

1 1
ev, 2 mgh = 4 mv2 ‰es MwZkwÚ, T = 1 mv2
2
v2 9.82
ev, h = 2g = 2  9.8 1
= m {u2 + 2g(100  x)}
2
 h = 4.9 m (Ans.) A 1
= m  2g(100  x)
2
N ‘M’ Ask nGZ cvB, f„wg ˆ^GK AvGgi DœPZv, h = 4.9 m
= mg (100  x)
e†¯¦PzÅZ nIqvi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ AvgwU wÕ©i wQj, myZivs H gynƒGZÆ
cÉkg² GZ, m = 10kg
AvgwUGZ ÷ay wefe kwÚ wQj| V=T A
100-x
Avevi, f„wg Õ·kÆ Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ AvgwUGZ ÷ay MwZkwÚ wQj, ev, mgx = mg (100 – x)
100m B
ˆKbbv H gynƒGZÆ f„wg ˆ^GK AvGgi DœPZv kƒbÅ| ev, x = 100  x x
aiv hvK, f„wg Õ·kÆ Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ AvGgi ˆeM = v ev, x + x = 100 C
co¯¦ eÕ§i mƒòvbymvGi, ‰LvGb, ev, 2x = 100
v2 = u2 + 2gh AvGgi Avw`GeM, u = 0 ms–1  x = 50 m
ev, v = 2gh AvGgi fi, m = 250 gm AZ‰e, f„-c†Ó¤ nGZ 50 m DœPZvq wefe kwÚ I MwZkwÚ mgvb nGe|
= 2  9.8  4.9 = 0.25 kg
 v = 9.8 ms–1 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms–2 5 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
1
 f„wg Õ·kÆ Kivi cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ AvGgi MwZkwÚ, T = mv2
2 K AwZ DœP Zvcgvòvq AYy wKsev cigvYyGK AvqwbZ KGi, wKQy

1
= 0.259.82 cigvYyi ‰K ev ‰KvwaK BGjKUÇbGK gyÚ KGi BGjKUÇb I AvqGbi
2
= 12.005J ‰K aiGbi wgkÉYB c`vG^Æi µÏvRgv AeÕ©v|
‰es 4.9 m DœPZvq AvGgi wefekwÚ, V = mgh L f„c†Ó¤ nGZ DœPZv e†w«¬i mvG^ NbZ½ ‰es mv±`Ê NlÆY KgGZ
= 0.25  9.8  4.9^vGK, dGj hvwòevnx wegvb AwaK Dco w`Gq Mgb Kiv
= 12.005J
myweavRbK| wK¯§ hvwòevnx ˆµÏb gnvKvk w`Gq DGo hvq bv| KviY
myZivs, T = V
ˆµÏbGK IovGbvi RbÅ BwéGb R¾vjvbx ˆcvovGbvi RbÅ AwÝGRb
A^Ævr, ‰LvGb AvgwUGZ ˆgvU hvw¯¨K kwÚi gvGb ˆKvGbv cwieZÆb
`iKvi| DcGi ˆhLvGb evZvGmi NbZ½ Kg ˆmLvGb AwÝGRbI Kg|
nqwb, ÷ay wefe kwÚ MwZkwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ nGqGQ|
ZvB Lye ˆewk DœPZvq AwÝGRGbi Afve nq eGj ˆµÏGbi Bwéb
gnvKvGk KvR KiGe bv| ZvB f„c†Ó¤ nGZ ‰gb ‰KwU myweavRbK
4 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
DœPZv eRvq ivLv nq ˆhLvGb NlÆY ej h^vGcÞv Kg nq ‰es
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Ici cÉhyÚ ej ‰es eGji w`GK eÕ§i miGYi cÉGqvRbxq AwÝGRbI cvIqv hvq|

àYdjGK KvR eGj| 1
M ‰LvGb, 1g AeÕ©vGb, cvwbi ˆgvU kwÚ = mgh1 + 2 mv12
L hw` ej cÉGqvGMi dGj eÕ§ eGji wecixZ w`GK mGi hvq ZvnGj
cÉhyÚ ej I AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiGZ½i àYdjGK eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR eGj| Avevi, 2q AeÕ©vGb, ˆgvU kwÚi cwigvY = mgh2 + 1 mv22
2
‰KwU WvÕ¡vi hw` ˆgGS ˆ^GK ˆUweGji Dci DVvGbv nq ZvnGj
ˆhGnZz `ywU AeÕ©vGb cvwbi ˆgvU kwÚi cwigvY mgvb|
AwfKlÆ ej ˆh w`GK wKÌqv KGi miY Zvi wecixZ w`GK nq| 1 1
‰GÞGò AwfKlÆ eGji wei‚G«¬ KvR nq| myZivs, mgh1 + 2 mv12 = mgh2 + 2 mv22
KvR, ¶gZv I kw³ 23

‰LvGb, 6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi

h1 = 5m K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci ‰K wbDUb ej cÉGqvGMi dGj hw` eGji
h2 = 15m w`GK eÕ§wUi ‰K wgUvi miY nq ZGe mÁ·®² KvGRi cwigvYGK ‰K
v1 = ?
Ryj eGj|
v2 = 0
[ˆhGnZz 2 bs AeÕ©vGb cvGòi ˆÞòdj AGbK eo, ZvB dzGUv Kivi L c†w^ex c†GÓ¤ Zvcgvòvi cv^ÆGKÅi RbÅ evqy cÉevwnZ nq| evqy
cÉevnRwbZ MwZkwÚGK Avgiv hvw¯¨K ev ZworkwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ
mgq cvwbi DcGii Õ¦Gii ˆeM, v2 = 0]
KiGZ cvwi| kwÚ i…cv¯¦Gii ‰B h¯¨GK evqyKj eGj| evqy cÉevnGK
kwÚi msiÞYkxjZvi bxwZ Abyhvqx,
KvGR jvwMGq cÉvPxbKvGji gvbyl Kzqv ˆ^GK cvwb ˆZvjv, RvnvR
1 1
mgh1 + mv12 = mgh2 + mv22
2 2 PvjvGbv BZÅvw` KvR mÁ·v`b KiGZv| ˆbŒKvq cvj ZzGj AvRI
1 1 evqykwÚGK KvGR jvMvGbv nq| eZÆgvGb evqyKj KvGR jvwMGq Zwor
ev, m (gh1 + 2 v12) = m (gh2 + 2 v22) Drcv`b Kiv nGœQ|
1 1 myZivs cÉevngvb evqyi ˆh hvw¯¨K kwÚGK AbÅ ˆKvGbv myweavRbK
ev, gh1 + 2 v12 = gh2 + 2 v22
kwÚGZ i…cv¯¦wiZ Kiv nq ZvGK evqykwÚ eGj|
1
ev, gh1 + 2 v12 = gh2 + 0; [‹ v2 = 0] M

ev, v12 = 2g (h2  h1) Avgiv Rvwb, ˆevSvwUi Dci ‰LvGb,
ev, v12 = 2  9.8 (15  5) cÉhyÚ ej Z^v AwfKlÆ ej, ˆevSvwUi fi, m = 30 kg
 v = 14 F = mg AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 10 m/s2
 wbMÆZ cvwbi ˆeM = 14 ms1 (Ans.) = 30  10 cÉhyÚ ej, F = ?
= 300 N (Ans.)
N ‰GÞGò,

h1 = 10 m N

h2 = 15 m KwiGgi ˆÞGò, ‰LvGb,
cÉkg² GZ, mgh ˆevSvwUi fi, m = 30 kg
cÉhyÚ ÞgZv, P1 = t
1 1 1
mgh1 + mv12 = mgh2 + mv22 .................. (i)
2 2 DœPZv, h = 500 m
30  10  500
= AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 10 m/s2
ˆhLvGb, 300
v1 = wbMÆZ cvwbi ˆeM = 500 W KwiGgi mgq jvGM, t1 = 5 min
v2 = 0 [ˆhGnZz cÉÕ©GœQG`i ˆÞòdj ˆewk, iwnGgi ˆÞGò, = 5  60
cÉv^wgK gynƒGZÆ DcGii Õ¦Gii cvwbi ˆeM 0] ÞgZv, P2 = mgh = 300 s
t
(i) ˆ^GK cvB,
2
iwnGgi mgq jvGM, t2 = 10 min
30  10  500
1 1 = = 10  60
mgh1 + mv12 = mgh2 + mv22 600
2 2 = 600 s
1 1
ev, mg (h1  h2) = 2 m (v22  v12) = 250 W =  500 W
2

1 AZ‰e, KwiGgi ÞgZv iwnGgi Zzjbvq w«¼àY nGe|

ev, g (h1  h2) = 2 (v22  v12)
ev, 2g (h2  h1) = v12 ; [‹v2 = 0]
ev, v1 = 2g (h2  h1)
 v1 = 9.899 ms1
hLb dzGUv 5m DuPzGZ ZLb ˆeM 14ms1 ‰es hLb dzGUv 10m
DuPGz Z AewÕ©Z ZLb ˆeM 9.9ms1| A^Ævr ˆ`Lv hvq, ˆh dzGUv hZ
wbGP AewÕ©Z ˆmLvbKvi cvwbi ˆeM ZZ ˆewk nq|
KviY hLb h = 5m ZLb ˆmB cvwbi MfxiZv Z^v Pvc ˆewk ^vGK|
dGj wQ`Ë ˆ^GK ˆei nIqv cvwbi ˆeMI ˆewk|
Avevi hLb h = 10m ZLb ˆmB cvwbi MfxiZv Z^v Pvc Kg| ZvB
dzGUv w`Gq ˆei nIqv cvwbi ˆeM Kg|
7 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
K AwfKlÆ eGji wecixGZ ˆKvGbv eÕ§GK DcGi ˆZvjv nGj eÕ§

KvR Kivi ˆh mvg^ÆÅ jvf KGi ZvGK AwfKlÆR wefe kwÚ eGj|
L ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i ‰KK mgGq mÁ·vw`Z KvRGK ÞgZv ejv nq|
ˆKvGbv hG¯¨i ÞgZv ‰K nGjI K‡Z KvR wf®² nGZ cvGi| `ywU hG¯¨i
cÉGZÅGKi ÞgZv hw` 1 Ak¼ÞgZv nq ZGe cÉ^g h¯¨wUi 1 N¥Ÿvq
K‡ZKvR nGjv, W1 = 746  3600 = 2.7  106 Ryj|
Avevi, w«¼Zxq h¯¨wUi AaÆ N¥Ÿvq mÁ·vw`Z KvR nGjv,
W2 = 746  1800 = 1.34  106 Ryj|
 ‰LvGb h¯¨ `ywUi ÞgZv mgvb nIqv mGî½I ZvG`i K‡ZKvR wf®²
wf®²|
24 cv‡Äix gva¨wgK m„Rbkxj c`v_©weÁvb

M
 8 bs cÉGk²i Dîi
Avgiv Rvwb, ‰LvGb, K ˆKvGbv eÕ§i Dci ‰K wbDUb ej cÉGqvGMi dGj hw` eGji
W=T=
1
mv2 Mvwoi fi, m = 500 kg w`GK eÕ§wUi ‰K wgUvi miY nq ZGe mÁ·®² KvGRi cwigvYGK ‰K
2
Mvwoi ˆkl ˆeM,
1 Ryj eGj| A
=  500  402 144  1000 1
2 v = 144kmh1 = ms
= 400000 J
3600 L ˆKvGbv ˆgvUGii jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv I ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZvi
1
= 40ms AbycvZGK ‰i KgÆ`ÞZv eGj| KgÆ`ÞZvGK kZKivq cÉKvk Kiv
cÉ^g ˆÞGò eÅwqZ mgq, t = 10s nq| A^Ævr KgÆ`ÞZv, A
cÉ^g ˆÞGò ÞgZv, P = ?
W 400000
jfÅ KvhÆKi ÞgZv (Po)
Avevi, P = t =  =  100%
10 ˆgvU cÉ`î ÞgZv (Pi)
= 40000 W (Ans.) jfÅ KvhÆKi kwÚ
=  100%
N ‘M’ Ask nGZ cvB, ˆgvU cÉ`î kwÚ
Mvwoi K‡ZKvR, W1 = 400000 J ˆhgb: ˆKvGbv ˆgvUGii KgÆ`ÞZv 90% ejGZ ˆevSvq, ˆgvUiwUGZ
Mvwoi ÞgZv, P1 = 40000 W 100 J A¯¦gyÆLx kwÚ cÉ`vb KiGj ˆmwU nGZ 90 J KvhÆKi kwÚ cvIqv
DóxcK nGZ cvB, hvq ‰es evwK 10% kwÚi AcPq nq|
Mvwoi fi, m1 = 500 kg
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji fi, m2 = 120 kg M mGeÆvœP DœPZv h nGj,

Mvwoi Avw`GeM, u1 = 144 kmh1 = 40 ms1
v2 = u2  2gh ‰LvGb,
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji Avw`GeM, u2 = 0 ms1 ev, 2gh = u2  v2 A eÕ§wUi wbGÞcY ˆeM, u = 49 ms1
u2  v2 492  02 AwfKlÆR Z½iY, g = 9.8 ms2
Mvwoi ˆklGeM, v1 = 0 ms1 h=
2g
=
2  9.8
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji ˆklGeM, v2 = ? mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ˆeM, v = 0
= 122.5 m
fiGeGMi msiÞY mƒò nGZ Avgiv cvB, gGb Kwi, f„wg nGZ x DœPZvq A eÕ§i MwZkwÚ wefekwÚi w«¼àY nGe|
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2
m1u1 + m2u2  m1v1 DÚ DœPZvq wefekwÚ, V = mgx
ev, v2 =
m2 ‰es MwZkwÚ, T = ˆgvU kwÚ  wefe kwÚ
500  40 + 120  0  500  0 = mgh  mgx = mg(h  x)
=
120
kZÆgGZ, T = 2V
= 166.66ms1
 ˆgvUi mvBGKGji Dci K‡ZKvR, ev, mg(h  x) = 2mgx
1 ev, h  x = 2x
W2 = T2 = mv2
2 2 2 ev,3x = h
1 h 122.5 m
=  120  (166.66)2 = 1.66  106J  x= = = 40.83 m (Ans.)
2 3 3
msNGlÆi ci ˆgvUi mvBGKGji Avw`GeM, v2 = 166.66m
N A I B eÕ§«¼q ‰KB DÍÏÁ¼ ˆiLv eivei hyMcr MwZkxj ^vKGj
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji ˆklGeM, v = 0ms1
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, s = 50m ‰iv kƒGbÅ wgwjZ nGe| A eÕ§wU hLb mGeÆvœP DœPZvq, ZLb B
ˆgvUi mvBGKGji g±`b a nGj, eÕ§GK Lvov DcGii w`GK 19.6 ms1 ˆeGM wbGÞc Kiv nGjv|
v2 = v22 + 2as gGb Kwi, ‰iv t mgq cGi x DœPZvq wgwjZ nGe|
ev, 0 = (166.66)2 + 2  a  50 DÚ mgGq A eÕ§ KZƆK AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, h  x = ut + 2gt2
1
ev, 100a =  27.77  103
 a =  277.75ms2 = 4.9 t2 ............(i)
s `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KiGZ ˆgvUi mvBGKGji cÉGqvRbxq mgq t nGj, 1
‰es B eÕ§ KZƆK AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½, x = 19.6 t  gt2
2
v = v2 + at
ev, 0 = 166.66  277.75t = 19.6 t  4.9 t2 .......(ii)
ev, 277.75t = 166.66 (i) I (ii) bs mgxKiY ˆhvM KGi cvB,
 t = 0.6s h  x + x = 4.9 t2 + 19.6 t  4.9 t2 = 19.6 t
W2 1.66  106 h 122.5
 ˆgvUi mvBGKGji ÞgZv, P2 = = = 2.76  106 W t= =
19.6 19.6
= 6.25 sec
t 0.6
jÞÅ Kwi, W1  W2 ‰es P1  P2 2u 2  19.6
wK¯§ B eÕ§wUi DìqbKvj, T = g = 9.8 = 4 sec
 “DóxcGKi mKj ˆÞGò K‡ZKvR ‰KB nGjI ÞgZv wf®²”
DwÚwU h^v^Æ bq| A^Ævr DóxcGKi mKj ˆÞGò K‡ZKvR ‰es ÞgZv A^Ævr B eÕ§wU 2 sec mgq aGi DcGi DVGe ‰es cieZÆx 2 sec-‰
DfqB wf®²| ‰wU gvwUGZ cwZZ nGe| ZvB eÕ§«¼q cÉK‡ZcGÞ wgwjZ nGe bv|
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wbGRGK hvPvB Kwi

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K MLT2 L ML1T2 ˆ`k? A m
M ML2T2 N ML2T3
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2
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K Rjwe`yÅr L ˆmŒikwÚ iii. LoKzGUv wbGPi DóxcKwU cGov ‰es 22 I 23 bs cÉGk²i

M wRI^vgÆvj N wbDwKÑqvi wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? Dîi `vI:
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M N kg ms–1 N kgm2s–2
L 6.7  103 HP 23. ˆjvKwU ˆ`ŒovGbvi mgq@
7. ˆKvGbv eÕ§i ˆeM w«¼àY nGj MwZkwÚ KZ M 0.67 HP i. AwfKGlÆi w`GK miY =  50 m
àY nGe? N 0.067 HP
ii. cÉhyÚ ej bƒÅbZg 588 N gvGbi
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iii. cÉhyÚ ÞgZv 470 W
M bqàY N mgvb
ˆeGM ˆKvGbv feGbi QvG` DVvGZ KZ
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ÞgZvi ˆKÌb jvMGe?
ˆeM KZ àY KiGZ nGe? K i I ii L ii I iii
K 4.90 L 49.0
K 3 àY L 4.5 àY M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M 490 N 4900
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9. 19.6 kg fGii ‰KwU eÕ§ wbw`ÆÓ¡ DœPZvq
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N 5.62  1034
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gyÚfvGe ˆQGo w`Gj KZ ˆeGM f„wgGZ 25. ‰KwU eÕ§i Dci 100N ej cÉGqvM Kivq
K 25% L 40%
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19. ej 10N nq ZvnGj 
M 10 ms–1 N 15 ms–1
10. ˆKvbwU bevqbGhvMÅ kwÚi Drm? i. kwÚi ‰KK Ryj i. eGji «¼viv KvR 1kJ

K Kqjv L cÉvK‡wZK MÅvm ii. 1kWh = 3.6  107 Ryj ii. NlÆY ej «¼viv KvR 100J

M ˆcGUÇvwjqvg N evGqvMÅvm iii.fi-kwÚi mÁ·KÆ, E = mc2 iii. bxU KvR 900J

11. Rjwe`yÅr Drcv`Gb eÅeen†Z nq wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK? wbGPi ˆKvbwU mwVK?
K wefe kwÚ L MwZ kwÚ K i I iii L i I iii K i I ii L ii I iii
M we`yÅr kwÚ N PzÁ¼K kwÚ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
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c`v^Æweævb welq ˆKvW : 1 3 6

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Õ©vGb DVvGZ 0.5 min mgq jvGM|
K. KgÆ`ÞZv KvGK eGj? 1
L. myBP e®¬ KiGjI Pj¯¦ cvLv mvG^ mvG^ ˆ^Gg hvq bv ˆKb? 2
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N. hw` DóxcGKi ˆgvUiwUGK ‰KwU AGUvGZ eÅenvi Kiv nq ZGe
100 kg fGii AGUv mGeÆvœP KZGeGM PjGe MvwYwZKfvGe
mÁ·ƒYÆ gm†Y Zj
mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKv DcGii wÕ·ÉswUGK mvgvbÅ cwigvGY (1m) msKzwPZ weGkÏ lY KGiv| 4
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144 kmh–1
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K. KvR Kx aiGbi ivwk? 1
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M. wÕ·ÉswUGK msKzwPZ KiGZ Kx cwigvY KvR Kiv nGjv? 3
A AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK ZvGiK 100 gm fGii ‰KwU eÕ§GK 144 kmh–1
N. wÕ·ÉswUGK ‰evi gyÚfvGe cÉmvwiZ nGZ w`Gj eGji mGeÆvœP ˆeM
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aivi RbÅ B AeÕ©vb ˆ^GK 4 ms ˆeGM A AeÕ©vGbi w`GK
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ˆ`ŒovGZ ^vGK|
DcGi w`GK QyGo ˆ`Iqv nj| eÕ§ `ywUi fi h^vKÌGg 8kg I 4kg|
K. cÉvK‡wZK MÅvGmi cÉavb Dcv`vb Kx? 1 K. wefe kwÚ KxGmi Ici wbfÆi KGi? 1
L. ˆKvb hG¯¨i KgÆ`ÞZv 90% ejGZ Kx eySvq? 2 L. ‰KwU ˆgvUGii ÞgZv 2 Ak¼ Þ gZv ejGZ Kx ˆevS? 2
M. eÕ§ `ywU hLb f„wg ˆ^GK 25m DuPzGZ ^vKGe ZLb ˆKvbwUi ˆeM M. ZvGiK ejwU wbGÞc Kivi 2 ˆmGK´£ ci ‰i MwZkwÚ KZ
KZ nGe? 3 nGe? wbYÆq KGiv| 3
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hywÚ `vI| 4 MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY KGiv| 4
2
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wÕ·ÉswUGK 10 cm msKzwPZ KiGZ 10 J KvR KiGZ nq| cieZÆxGZ
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‰i cvÁ· eÅen†Z nGœQ|
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kwÚi avØv cÉGqvRb| wÕ·Ésmn e±`yGKi fi 2 kg. M. K„Gci mÁ·ƒYÆ cvwb kƒbÅ KiGZ KZ mgq jvMGe? 3
K. KG´ŸÈvj iW Kx? 1 N. ˆ`LvI ˆh, K„Gci DcGii AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ ˆh mgq jvMGe wbGPi
L. wbDwKÑqvi wewKÌqvq A͸ mgGq AwaK kwÚ cvIqvi KviY Kx Zv AGaÆK cvwb ÷KvGZ Zvi ˆPGq ˆewk mgq jvMGe| 4
eÅvLÅv KGiv| 2 8. wmwj´£vi AvK‡wZi ‰KwU UÅvGâi f„wgi eÅvm 1.5 m|
M. e±`yKwU KZ ˆeGM ivbvGK avØv w`GqwQGjv? 3
UÅvâwUi DœPZv 250 cm ‰es UÅvâwU 4C Zvcgvòvi cvwb «¼viv
N. eyGjU wbGÞGci gynƒZÆ nGZ f„wgGZ AvNvGZi mgq chƯ¦ NUbvwU
cƒYÆ| 0.6 kW ÞgZvi ‰KwU Bwéb «¼viv UÅvâwU cvwbkƒbÅ KiGZ 2
kwÚi msiÞYkxjZv bxwZ ˆgGb PGj weGkÏlY Ki| 4
wgwbU mgGqi cÉGqvRb|
4. ‰KwU 500gm fGii eÕ§GK 1000m DœPZv wewkÓ¡ ˆKvGbv K. wefe kwÚ KvGK eGj? 1
UvIqvi nGZ gyÚfvGe ˆQGo ˆ`Iqv nj| L. co¯¦ eÕ§i MwZkwÚ e†w«¬i KviY Kx? 2
K. ÞgZv Kx? 1
M. BwébwUi KgÆ`ÞZv KZ? 3
L. Hot Spot Kx? Bnv KxfvGe gvbe KjÅvGY eÅenvi Kiv hvq? 2
M. 5 sec ci eÕ§wUi wefe kwÚ KZUzKz nËvm cvGe? 3 N. BwébwUi KgÆ`ÞZv 70% nGj DóxcGKi mgGq UÅvâwU nGZ
N. mGeÆvœP DœPZvq ‰es 8 sec ci cÉvµ¦ DœPZvq ˆgvU kwÚ Kx cwigvY cvwb ˆei KGi w`GZ cviGe? MvwYwZKfvGe weGkÏlY
msiwÞZ ^vKGe wK? MvwYwZKfvGe eÅvLÅv KGiv| 4 Ki| 4

m†Rbkxj eüwbeÆvPwbgGWj cÉk²cGòi Dîi

1 M 2 N 3 N 4 N 5 M 6 N 7 K 8 K 9 M 10 N 11 K 12 N 13 K
14 L 15 L 16 N 17 N 18 N 19 K 20 M 21 L 22 N 23 M 24 N 25 N