MANGALDAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Mangaldan, Pangasinan
S.Y. 2023 – 2024
Senior High School Department
READING AND WRITING SKILLS

Name: _________________________________________________ Section: ____________________________

Name of Teacher: ______________________________________ Date of Submission: _________________
Quarter No.: FIRST QUARTER Week No.: 7

WORKSHEET NO. 7
CRITICAL READING AS FORM OF REASONING

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Explain Critical Thinking as form of reasoning (EN11/12RWS-IVac-8)

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
1. Understand the concepts that builds critical reading; and
2. Relate critical thinking to critical reading.

I. WOULD IT BE TRUE?
Below are some lines you would usually read or hear from advertisements. Tick (/) the box that
corresponds your answer. Then, explain sentence why you believe or not believe the statement.

Statement Legit Fake Reason

1. (Rubbing Alcohol) This product kills 99.9% of
germs.
2. (Kitchen Ware) Call and order now to get 70%
discount from its original price
3. (Raffle Draw) You have won P1,000,000 from
Manny Pacquiao foundation. Please call me.

II. DEFINING TERMS

1. CRITICAL READING
▪ Critical reading is a more active way of reading.
▪ It is a deeper and more complex engagement with a text.
▪ Critical reading is a process of analyzing, interpreting and, sometimes, evaluating.
2. CRITICAL THINKING
▪ The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form judgement.
3. READING
▪ The action or skill of reading written or printed matter silently or aloud. This requires word
recognition, comprehension, fluency and motivation.
4. REASONING
▪ Is an act of giving statements for justification and explanation. It is the ability of someone
to defend something by giving out reasons.

III. DISCUSSION
A. CRITICAL THINKING
Every day, we encounter many instances that require critical thinking. From watching news
on TV, planning your day, answering modules and even in doing your household chores. There
are identified benefits of thinking critically and here are of some.
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 1. Critical thinking is key for career success;
2. It helps in making better decisions;
3. It helps you in better understanding yourself;
4. It helps you form well-informed opinions;
5. You become better citizen (seeing the entire picture without getting sucked into
biases and propaganda);
6. It improves relationships (understanding better the perspective of others);
7. It promotes curiosity;
8. It develops creativity;
9. It enhances problem solving skills
10. It serves as an activity for the mind;
11. It creates independence (deciding on your own); and
12. Critical thinking is a crucial life skill (learning every day).

B. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN READING AND CRITICAL READING

READING CRITICAL READING

To get a basic grasp of the
PURPOSE
text.
ACTIVITY Absorbing/Understanding
FOCUS What a text SAYS
▪ What is the text saying?
▪ What information can I
get out of it?
QUESTIONS
WITH the text (taking for
DIRECTIONS granted it is right)
RESPONSE Restatement, Summary
To form judgments about HOW a text
works.
Analyzing/Interpreting/Evaluating
What a text DOES and MEANS
▪ How does the text work? How is it
argued?
▪ What are the choices made?
▪ What are the resulting patterns?
▪ What kinds of reasoning and
evidence are used?
▪ What are the underlying
assumptions?
▪ What does the text mean?
AGAINST the text (questioning its
assumptions and argument,
interpreting meaning in context)
Description, Interpretation, Evaluation

Since critical reading is an analytic activity, the reader rereads a text to identify
patterns of elements -- information, values, assumptions, and language usage--
throughout the discussion. These elements are tied together in an interpretation, an
assertion of an underlying meaning of the text as a whole.

C. WHY DO WE NEED TO TAKE A CRITICAL APPROACH TO READING?

Regardless of how objective, technical, or scientific the subject matter, the author(s) will
have made many decisions during the research and writing process, and each of these
decisions is a potential topic for examination and debate, rather than for blind acceptance.
You need to be prepared to step into the academic debate and to make your own
evaluation of how much you are willing to accept what you read.
A practical starting point therefore, is to consider anything you read not as fact, but as
the argument of the writer. Taking this starting point you will be ready to engage in critical
reading.

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 D. CRITICAL THINKING IS AN EXTENSION OF CRITICAL READING
Thinking critically, in the academic sense, involves being open-minded - using judgment
and discipline to process what you are learning about without letting your personal bias or
opinion detract from the arguments.
Critical thinking involves being rational and aware of your own feelings on the subject –
being able to reorganize your thoughts, prior knowledge and understanding to
accommodate new ideas or viewpoints.
Critical reading and critical thinking are therefore the very foundations of true learning
and personal development.

E. PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES OF CRITICAL READING

Guide Questions for Critical Reading
1. Who is involved?
2. Who has a stake in the issue?
3. Who controls the outcome of the issue?
4. Who is affected by the issue? - (The more you know about the issue before reading, the
better prepared you will be to recognize bias.)
5. Who wrote the text?
6. What do you know of the author's goal or purpose?

The text in question may not be consistent with concerns or biases of an author's earlier
works or mirror the author's public statements-- but it might. When was it published? Where?
By whom?
Information such as this may help you follow references and associations and possibly
suggest a bias. The date of publication can also indicate how up-to-date the information
and claims may be.

F. STEPS IN READING CRITICALLY

Step 1
RECOGNIZING A TEXT AS A
PRESENTATION IN ITS OWN
RIGHT
•this step is concerned with identifying such
elements as
•1.he existence of a beginning, middle, and end,
the use of illustrations to explicate remarks,
• 2. the use of evidence to support remarks, the
use of stylish language to portray topics and
organization,
•3. or a method of sequencing remarks – such as
whether chronological or a logical sequence.
Step 2
DESCRIBING THE NATURE OF THE
IDENTIFIED ASPECTS OF THE TEXT,
AND CLASSIFYING THE NATURE OF
THE MATERIAL WITHIN THE TEXT
•The nature of the examples – what the
examples are examples of?
•The nature of the evidence – what kinds of
authorities are invoked, what types of
evidence are provided?
•The nature of the choice or terms– what
types of terms are applied to what topics?
Step 3
INFERRING THE UNDERLYING
ASSUMPTIONS AND
PERSPECTIVES OF THE
DISCUSSION
•This step is concerned less with sequential
development and more with recognizing
patterns of elements interwoven
throughout the presentation as a whole.
•What is achieved by describing topics a
certain way?
•What is assumed by selecting certain types
of evidence?

Throughout, critical reading relies on abstracting, on classifying the nature of things:

▪ The nature of the structure of the text
▪ The nature of the language employed
▪ The nature of the examples invoked
▪ The nature of the illustrations brought to bear
▪ The nature of the thinking that would explain all aspects of the text being as they are.

G. CRITICAL READING STRATEGIES

▪ Write your feelings and ideas in reaction to what

Keeping a Reading Journal you read/or your reading assignment.
1
▪ Relate to the essay and understand the author’s
ideas.

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2 Annotating Text
3 Outlining The Text
4 Summarizing the Text
5 Questioning the Text
▪ Develop your impressions of the text.
▪ Connect them to your personal experiences.
▪ Make notes on your copy of the reading. You are
already entering into a dialogue with the author.
▪ Highlight important messages.
▪ Underline important messages.
▪ Write notes, questions, comments and reaction
▪ Structure sequence, and connect your ideas.
▪ Get the gist of the text.
▪ Identify main points and supporting details.
▪ When you doubt rises, the text fails to meet your
expectation or personal views
▪ Ask specific questions on points.

When thinking critically, you evaluate claims, seek definition, judge information, demand proof
and question the claims assumptions.
When reading critically, it is necessary to question the different arguments used by the author,
as any problem can weaken the authenticity of the conclusion.
When we read critically, we use our critical thinking skills to question both the text and our own
reading of it. Process the author’s words and make judgement. After, carefully consider the
message of the text.
Different disciplines may have distinctive modes of critical reading (scientific, philosophical,
literary, etc). Remember that critical reading is not meant to criticize but to assess the validity of
textual evidence. From here, you can develop a well-rounded reasoning.

In the end, readers must take control of the text, not just repeat its assertions. At its core, critical
reading involves becoming the author of one's own understanding.

WRITTEN WORK

Activity 1: Check your answer by referring to the key to correction on the last page of this
module. This activity will not be submitted to your subject teacher.

A. STATEMENT FOR FUN. Read the following statements carefully and answer the questions
along with it.
1. The teacher, said the Mayor, is mad.
Who is mad? __________
2. Linda knows some French.
Does the statement mean Linda have met some people from France? __________
3. Layla and Johnson said, “Let us eat, Grandma!”
Who are about to eat? __________
4. Tricia dressed down today since it is a Friday.
What is Tricia wearing? __________
5. An English man said to a woman, “You are quite beautiful”.
Is the man’s statement offending? __________

B. Write TRUE if the statement is correct, or FALSE if the statement is erroneous.

____ 6. Critical reading is a passive way of reading.

____ 7. Critical reading and critical thinking contribute to one’s success in decision
making.
____ 8. All critical reading strategies help improve reading and critical thinking.
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 ____ 9. Information shared by the author are taken as facts to establish a rational
thought.
____ 10. Reasoning is the product of thinking critically.

WRITTEN WORK-RECORDED

Identify three instances in your academics or class activities that you neglected reading
critically and/or thinking critically. Give the result or your realization with that experience.

EXAMPLE:

My Reading Negligence My Learning

Example:
I took a test and I did not fully read the
instructions. My answers’ content were
correct but the way I did it was wrong so I
received a low score.
Reading saves hard work. From then on, I
always read and follow instructions
carefully.

REMINDERS

Please avoid erasures and write legibly. You may text, pm, or e-mail your subject teacher if you
have further questions or clarifications about the lesson.

REFERENCES
https://www.academia.edu/34256187/READING_AND_WRITING_First_Quarter_Period_CRITICAL_THINKING_AS
_FORM_OF_REASONING
6. FALSE 7. TRUE 8. TRUE 9. FALSE 10. TRUE
1. The Teacher 2. No 3. Layla, Johnson and Grandma 4. No 5. No
KEY TO CORRECTION

Prepared by:

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL READING AND WRITING SKILLS TEACHERS

Joy Princess S. Aquino Christine Biagtan Remenata F. Cendaña Euradel M. Espinosa

Magelline Lim Imee L. Macatbag Miriam C. Magalong Jocelyn G. Merrera
Sarah Jane S. Muyano Mary Jane G. Solis Lyle Edryl C. Soriano Liza Villanueva
Maureen P. Vinluan

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