PHINMA-ARAULLO UNIVERSITY

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SUBMITTED BY:
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- SORO, LYNUS RENIEL O.
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RAMOS, RENZ RIEL S.
MERCADO, JOSEPH DANIEL T.
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SUBMITTED TO:
- Ma’am Afril Joy Guerrero-Laurente
Choose a scholarly research article based on your preference and interest, but preferably, on the
field of criminology (specifically related to HUMAN BEHAVIOR). This is an outcomes-based
exercise to ascertain participants’ development in examining and evaluating research studies and as
a preparation for your thesis next year.

Please observe professional writing by maximizing the use of paraphrasing, summarizing and
properly citing references (Literature, studies, theories and data).

The following are the guide questions to be considered during the review process and providing
your perspectives on the subject studied.

1. What are the problems of the study? Why are they problems?
- The problem of juvenile delinquency pricks at the conscience of many societies, and
South Africa is not an exception. In this study, the researcher discusses the
experiences and views of teachers of secondary schools regarding juvenile
delinquency and the apparent moral decline among their learners. The problem was
investigated from the perspective of socio-education, a field of research which,
amongst others, studies the role of social factors that feature in the development of
children and youth during their growth to adulthood.

2. What are the objectives of the study?

- The aim of the study was to make recommendations to deal with antisocial behavior
amongst adolescents, and contribute to educational research and the development of
policies in dealing with the problem in future.

3. What are the strategies applied to answer the problems?

- The researchers use sampling technique in other to gather data. The researchers
utilize questionnaire survey to obtain the grievances.

4. What are the intended output and outcome of the study?

- Describe the opinions and experiences of teachers on juvenile delinquency in

secondary schools: describe the nature, extent and causes of the problem in
secondary schools; and describe the extent to which parents, teachers, wider society
and policies have caused, prevented and dealt with the problem in secondary
schools.

5. What are the independent and dependent variables?

- The study was set out to investigate the status of juvenile delinquency amongst
secondary school learners in Gauteng. Through the various chapters, the main aim
and objectives of the study were achieved. It is evident from the study that teachers,
in collaboration with parents and the GDE form the main support structure for
learners experiencing behavioral challenges. Hence, their voice should be heeded
equally or possibly more, due to their role in loco parentis, especially due to the
amount of time some of them spend with learners.

6. What is the research design of the study? Is the research design used appropriate? Why?
 - The proposed research design for this study was a combination of quantitative and
mainly qualitative, descriptive and interpretive enquiry, thus a mixed method
research (MMR) approach. The research was structured as explained in the ensuing
paragraphs.

7. Who are the research participants/respondents of the study?

- Based on the questionnaire analysis, participants for the interviews were selected
using the purposive sampling method. The overall level of knowledge about juvenile
delinquency in the province and its nature gleaned during the questionnaire analysis
satisfied the researcher that the questionnaire sample represented the relevant
population for the study.

Thus, this information indicated that participants would be able to share the
requisite information sought by the study by answering the research question
alluded to in the first paragraph of this chapter. The teachers who participated in
the focus group interviews were from the same schools pre-selected for the
questionnaire. Initially, 30 participants were recruited. Individual teachers were
contacted by telephone or visited at their respective schools to recruit them for the
interviews.

8. What are the instruments used and procedure in gathering the data?

- Data collection the ensuing discussion focuses on the instruments that were utilized
to collect data. A questionnaire is defined as a collection of questions designed for
completion by a respondent in respect of the research topic. Its main purpose is to
gather facts, views or perspectives directly from participants believed to be
knowledgeable of the phenomenon studied.

9. What are the issues of internal validity identified by the author of the study?

- Although the perceptions elicited from the participants were not exhaustive they
have, however, assisted in shedding some light about the problem. The participants’
desire to regain their voice in the moldings of learner behavior came out very
distinctly from the findings. They also expressed their concern about the persistent
and undue political interference in education, which demotivates many teachers.

10. What are the strengths of the study?

- Participants expressed much appreciation for this study and voiced it as indicated in
the next section. When participants were asked for their comment about the study,
Question 7, they thought it was an eye-opener, a source of awareness for all
stakeholders in better understanding their various roles and the requisite skills – for
empowerment – which they need to enable them to address delinquency be they
parents, the SGB, school management and teachers, amongst others.

11. What are the weaknesses/gap of the study?

- The study was undertaken only in Tshwane North District and involved only two
school clusters and twelve teachers in the focus group interview phase which was the
main data collection phase. Therefore, the findings will not be generalized to other
parts of the country, but will apply to Gauteng Province which was the site
 delimited for the study. The foregoing discussion means that the purpose of the
study sought to elicit the perspectives and experiences of a sample of teachers in
Gauteng in order to arrive at some insight into the reasons for the apparent
escalation of the problem in the province. The small sample is typical for qualitative
research since the main purpose was to gain in-depth knowledge and insight about
the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency and to suggest possible interventions to
address it.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Advocates for youth. N.d. Youth and the state of the world: the development of the global youth
agenda. Available from: http://www.advocesforyouth.org/publications/publications-a-2/455-youth-
and the state. Accessed: 23/02/2013.

Allen, M.K.1997. Textbook on criminal law. Mayfield: Blackstone Press.

Altbeker. A. 2007. A country at war with itself: South Africa’s crisis of crime. Johannesburg and
Cape Town: Jonathan Bull Publishers.

Anon. n.d. Delinquency. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Available from:

www.brittanica.com/EBchecked/topics156597/delinquency

Anon. n.d. People-centered development. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People-centered development

Anon. 2007. Looking for harmony at school from hell. Pretoria News, May 30.

Anon. 2008. Adolescence and youth. Encyclopedia of children and childhood in history and society.
Available from: http://www.faqs.org/childhood/A-Ar/Adolescence-and0Youth.html. Accessed:
23/05/2013.

Anon. 2008. Essay on impact of juvenile delinquency on the society. eWriteGiggs Research
Network. Available from: http://www.ewritegiggs.com/essay-on-impact-of-juvenile - delinquency-
on-the-society Updated: 0/08/20112

Anon. 2009. Step 5: analyze the results. University of Idaho. National Park Services, USA:
Department of Interior.