Merge

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE - Sex Slavery and torture
- The world is facing with threats and challenges that no single country, Pandemics
no matter how powerful it is can deal with. - EBOLA, HIV, SARS, MERS, HBV, MALARIA, & H1N1
THREATS AND CHALLENGES THAT THE WORLD IS FACING GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
- Is a movement towards political cooperation among
TERRORISM transnational actors, aimed at negotiating responses to
problems that affect more than one state or region.
- The unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property - Refers to the rule making efforts to sustain cooperation in
to intimidate or coerce a Government, the civilian population, or any order to address global problems or concerns.
segment. - Increasingly the world has to deal with security threats, financial
Significant Events of Terrorism breakdown, development concerns and deteriorating
environmental conditions.
- “11 September Attacks” -September 11, 2001 - States try to coordinate their efforts to respond to these
hijacked 4 commercial planes, 3000+ were killed challenges through the establishment of international institutions
- “Bali Bombings” – October 12,2002 like the UN, the WTO, International Criminal Court, World Bank
202 people were killed (88 Australians, 38 Indonesians, and other and the treaties governing environmental change.
people from other nationalities) WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS THAT GLOBAL GOVERNANCE DEALS WITH?
- “Mumbai Attack”-November 26, 2008
more than 160 people including 18 police officers were killed. - Security - Climate Change
- “Mumbai Railway Bombings”- July 11, 2005 - Environment - HIV & AIDS
209 people were killed, 700 injured - Public health - Poverty
Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction - Economic governance
- Chemical - nerve agent, such as VX or Sarin, or mustard gas - And as these problems become common or global, they can no longer
- Biological - using a bacteria or virus be tolerated and require collective action to be managed.
- Nuclear - Atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs - What is common to them is that they cannot be dealt with at national
- Radiological - Dirty bomb level, by individual states acting alone. No state acting alone can
Environmental Degradation (All are product of man’s actions) resolve the turbulence of global economy and world economic crisis.
- Global Warming - No state acting alone can overcome the terrorist challenge, or fully
- Climate Change protect itself from transborder diseases. No state except North Korea
- Ozone Layer Depletion can protect itself from dangerous ideas and ideologies. Thus, what is
Natural Disasters needed is collective action, and collective management for these
- 2010 Haiti quake (230,000 people were killed) problems. And these collective management is GLOBAL
GOVERNANCE.
- 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami (230,000-280,000 1. This rule setting and collective management of common global
people were killed) problem takes place without a supreme authority, which could be
- Cyclone Nargis (2008) - 84,500 people were killed with 53,800 authorized for this management
missing 2. At the level of nation states, there is such a managing authority – the
- Pakistan Earthquake(2005) - 75,000 people were killed with GOVERNMENT. But at the international level, government does not
106,000 people injured exist
Transnational Crimes 3. So this Global Governance takes place without global government
- Human trafficking (white slavery) 4. Collection of governance-related activities, rules and mechanisms,
- People smuggling formal and informal, existing at a variety levels in the world today, also
- Smuggling/trafficking of goods (such as arms trafficking) referred to as the “pieces of global governance.
- Drug trafficking PIECES OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
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- International Law - International Regimes - Operational NGOs, which focus on development projects.
- Soft Law - Global Conference - Advocacy NGOs, which are organized to promote particular
- International Organizations - Private Conference causes.
- NGO’s
INTERNATIONAL LAW TYPES OF NGO
- is traditionally defined as the set of norms and rules governing - BINGO: business-friendly international NGO (example: Red
the relations between governments or state entities. Cross)
Examples: - ENGO: environmental NGO (Greenpeace and World Wildlife
- Under International Maritime Law and the Law of the Sea Fund)
- Treaties - GONGO: government-organized non-governmental organization
- International criminal law (International Union for Conservation of Nature)
TREATY - INGO: international NGO (Oxfam)
- an international agreement concluded between States in - QUANGO: quasi-autonomous NGO (International Organization for
written form and governed by international law, whether Standardization [ISO])
embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related INTERNATIONAL REGIMES
instruments and whatever its particular designation - Implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules and decision-making
SOFT LAW procedures around which actors' expectations converge in a given
- to rules that are neither strictly binding in nature nor area of international relations.
completely lacking legal significance. - Regimes are more specialized arrangements that pertain to
- In the context of international law, soft law refers to guidelines, well-defined activities, resources, or geographical areas and often
policy declarations or codes of conduct which set standards of involve only some subset of the members of international society
conduct. Examples:
- However, they are not directly enforceable. - CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
Examples: of Wild Flora and Fauna)
- UN General Assembly resolutions - Basel Convention-which governs the international movement of
- Codes (draft treaty, codification of existing law, recommendation) hazardous waste
- Standards - Gold Standard
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS - International Atomic Energy Agency- The global nuclear regulatory
- organization established by a treaty or other instrument regime
governed by international law and possessing its own GLOBAL CONFERENCE
international legal personality - A global forum/meeting of people and organizations that
- International organizations generally have States as members, discusses global governance
but often other entities can also apply for membership. They both - A unique forum bringing together the world's largest network
make international law and are governed by it. and nearly every government
Examples: Examples:
- World Bank - The Labour Party Conference
- World Trade Organization - WHO Global Health Promotion Conferences
- World Health Organization - Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change
NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION - Rio Earth Summit
- is a non-profit, citizen-based group that functions PRIVATE GOVERNANCE
independently of government. - Exercise of political power by private actors business and
- NGOs are organized on community, national and international civil-society organizations to produce decisions that have abiding
levels to serve specific social or political purposes, and are effects and reduce actors’ autonomy
cooperative, rather than commercial, in nature.
Two Broad Groups of NGOS
- Private firms are attempting to establish enforceable
intellectual property rules for music, software, harmonization
standards and sanitation regulation
Actors of Global Governance
- STATES - EXPERTS
- IGO’s - GLOBAL POLICY NETWORKS
- NGO’s - MNC’s
Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
GLOBAL MEDIA AND RELIGION Handwriting as distinct from print, written characters, writing using a particular
COMMUNICATION alphabet; an automated series of instructions carried out in a specific order.
The importing or exchange of information by speaking, writing, or using some other GLOBAL VILLAGE
medium; the successful conveying or sharing of ideas and feelings. According to Marshall McLuhan
GLOBAL MEDIA CULTURES The global village according to him, predicted the global village, one world
refers to the current Western capitalist society that emerged and developed from interconnected by an electronic nervous system, making it part of our popular
the 20th century, under the influence of mass media. The term alludes to the culture before it actually happened.
overall impact and intellectual guidance exerted by the media (primarily TV, but According to Jack Lule
also the press, radio and cinema), not only on public opinion but also Globalization and media are combining to create a divided world of gated
on tastes and values. communities and ghettos, borders and boundaries, suffering and surfeit, beauty
GLOBAL MEDIA and decay, surveillance and violence invoking the biblical town punished for its
It refers to a corporations or entities globally engaged in media production and/or vanity by seeing its citizens scattered, its language confounded, and its destiny
distribution. shaped by strife.
GLOBAL VILLAGE LANGUAGE AND METAPHOR
It refers to an international community formed by constant interaction between Globalization can be seen as 6 metaphors:
citizens of various country and bound by shared cultural experiences, transcending • Globalization as our era: it is an outcome that has been achieved in our
geographical distance and actual physical contact. time
IMAGINED COMMUNITY • Globalization as an unstoppable force: inevitable
It refers to a community formed by like-minded individuals bound by common • Globalization as a rising tide: globalization is a natural development that
interests, shared aspirations, collective identity and the like. will elevate and enrich all
DIGITAL DIVIDE • Globalization as benefactor: the benefits it brings - bringing positive
It is a gap in technological skills between those who have ready access to change - distribute benefits
computers and other digital devices, and the internet, and those who do not. • Globalization as networked world: barriers of the world have come down
DIGITAL • Globalization as empire: economic and military expansion
Relating to, using, or storing data or information in the form of digital signals;
WHEN DID GLOBALIZATION BEGIN?
involving or relating to the use of computer technology.
According to:
ELECTRONIC
• 1st - Arjun Appadurai says it began in the late 1900’s because of the
Having or operating with components such as microchips and transistors that
advances in media, such as television, computers and cellphones,
control and direct electric currents.
combined with changes in migration patterns (people moving around the
MEDIA
world)
The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the
• 2nd - Robert Marks says globalization started in 1571 in Manila because
internet) regarded collectively.
Spain’s colonization of the Philippines in that year was the final link in a
PRESS
truly global trade route
Newspapers or journalists viewed collectively.
• 3rd - Other says globalization began since the beginning of humanity
BROADCAST MEDIA
• 4th - Author states “There are no right answers that exists as to when
Media channels which transmit information basically through radio or television
globalization began”
and recently, internet through social networking sites and other search engines
and web explorers. THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN GLOBALIZATION: A HISTORY
PRINT MEDIA The media is media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by
Means of mass communication in the form of printed publications, such as mass communication. Today the media play a key role in enhancing globalization.
newspapers and magazines. And the media also play important role in facilitating culture exchange flows of
PERFORMING ARTS MEDIA information between countries. The media spreads through international news
Media channels that convey a message/s through creative activity that are broadcasts, new technologies, television programming, film and music
performed in front of an audience, such as music, dance and drama.  Technology and social change
SCRIPT  Digital Media
 No globalization without media
HISTORY OF MEDIA imperialism and one in which cultural influences move in many different
AMERICA plays a prominent role in the global scene in media industries. directions.
Established a decisive and fundamental leadership in the cultural sphere. “The Americanization process becomes far more formidable when the
GLOBAL MEDIA has immense power in terms of how it covers events outside the fundamental concepts of a society’s national identity are remodeled in the
AMERICA developed world. American image”. - A comment from a Australian Scholar.
GLOBAL NEWS AGENCIES and MAJOR BROADCASTING ORGANIZATION WHAT IS CULTURAL IMPERIALISM?
responsible for the selection and packaging of news from the third world. 1. Defined as a kind of cultural domination by powerful nations over weaker
Third World issues sustains the unequal relations of power that exist between the nations.
West and the Third World. 2. It is viewed as purposeful and intentional because it corresponds to the
A handful of firms dominate the globalized part of media system. The six political interests of the United States and other powerful capitalist societies.
largest are: 3. The effects of this type of cultural domination, reflecting the attitudes and
AOL, Time Warner (U.S), Disney (U.S), Vivendi-Universal (French), values of western, particularly American capitalist societies, are viewed as
Bertelsmann(German), Viacom (U.S), and Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation extremely pervasive and as leading to the homogenization of global culture.
(Australian). 4. Attempt to promote a Western lifestyle and possibly Americanize the world.
From Cultural Imperialism to Global Capitalism and Media BASICS OF CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION
Imperialism 1. Diffusion of ideas and cultures amongst all of the civilizations of the world.
1. Major forces leading to cultural globalization are economic and organizational. 2. Trend that will eventually make all of human experience and customs the
Cultural Globalization requires an organizational infrastructure. same since all cultures are coming together into one
 One form of globalization occurs as a result of the activities in advanced 3. Occurs in everyday life, through wireless communication, electronic
countries of news and entertainment media that produce films, television commerce, popular culture and international trade
programs, and popular, popular music and distribute them to countries all 4. Attempt to promote a Western lifestyle and possibly Americanize the world.
over the world. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
2. Dominance of a particular country in the global media marketplace is more a 1. New technology and forms of communication around the world help to
function of economic than cultural factors. integrate different cultures into each other
 A small number of media conglomerates, based in a few Western 2. Transportation technologies and services along with mass migration and
countries, dominate the production and global distribution of film, individual travel contribute to this form of globalization allowing for cross-
television, popular music, and book publishing. cultural exchanges
Theoretical Models of Cultural Globalization/Cultural Imperialism 3. Infrastructures and institutionalization embedded change (e.g. teaching
Theory languages such as English across the world through educational systems and
1. This theory argues that the global economic system is dominated by a core of training of teachers)
advance countries while third world countries remain at the periphery of the Benefits that allow for profits to companies and nations
system with little control over their economic and political development. 1. Offers opportunities for development and advancement in economics,
2. Multinational or Trans-national Corporations are key actors in this system, technology, and information and usually impacts developed countries
producing goods, controlling markets, and disseminating products using similar 2. Creates a more homogeneous world
techniques. 3. Generates interdependent companies amongst companies
3. Imperialism with the concept of “globalization” suggests “interconnection and
CONCLUSION
interdependency of all global areas” happening “in a far less purposeful way.”
- There is no telling what’s next for media and globalization but one thing is
4. Cultural Imperialism re-conceptualized as media imperialism despites its
certain, it will stay as long as humanity exist. It’s only technology itself that can
weakness it remains a useful perspective because it can be used to analyze the
predict the future of social media in particular but as long as man
extent to which some national actors have more impact than others on global
communicates, media reverberates. Like the echo in the silence of the forest,
culture and therefore are shaping and reshaping cultural values, identities, and
media will always be a “smashing’ relevance in the annals of human history.
perceptions.
- In the Philippine context, no less than the supreme law of the land is ever
5. In this model, cultural globalization corresponds to a network, which no
cognizant and gives due credit to the role of media in nation-building in its
clearly defined center or periphery. Globalization as an aggregation of cultural
Article 2 Section 24 declaration of state principles and policies provision which
flows or networks is a less coherent and unitary process than cultural
stipulate that
 “the state recognizes the vital role of communication and information in WORKS/CODE
nation-building.” - Refers to the ethical values and the system of moral practice directly
 This clearly implies the value and crucial role of communication and resulting from an adherence to the beliefs. It is a set of moral principles and
information in the development and progress of the Philippines which is not guidelines that must be respected and followed by those who would be
possible without our inter-mingling with other states of the world identified as members of the religion.
RELIGION - A code, when used in a religious sense, is simply a summary of the
According to the dictionary, religion involves "belief in and reverence for a principles and guidelines by which people choose which actions are good,
supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe." and which
It is "a personal or institutionalized system grounded in such belief and to be avoided.
worship." These three elements (Wisdom/Worship/Works) fulfill the three parts of the
ORIGINS OF RELIGION human soul: thought, feelings and action; mind, sensibilities and will; the
Religion is as old as humankind. Since the beginning, human beings have looked intellectual, the aesthetic and the moral.
to
The place of origin of the world religions fall into two geographical areas, the
powers outside of themselves for protection and reassurance. These beliefs
Middle East (Western Faiths) and the Far East.
predate
the written word, so we must look to archaeological finds for evidence of these WESTERN BELIEFS EASTERN BELIEFS
ancient religious beliefs. Of course, we cannot know exactly what these beliefs - Judaism - Buddhism
were, - Christianity - Hinduism
but we can theorize. - Islam - Confucianism
Neanderthal Man (60,000 BC) - Taoism, Shintoism
• Burial sites with animal antlers on the body and flower fragments next to the WESTERN BELIEFS
corpse. • Share a similar view of the world and concept because they both sprang
Cro-Magnon Man (35,000-10,000 BC) from Judaism (Islam & Christianity)
• Buried with food, shells, necklaces of deer teeth, fine skin clothes, and good • MONOTHEISTIC- believe in one GOD
tools. • Humans must enter into an interpersonal relationship with God
• Morality is based on learning the will of God, understanding and living it
• Dead also covered in red earth to look like newborns. Good indication that
out individually and as a community
they believed in rebirth after death – an afterlife.
• Time is viewed as linear, from beginning to end
RELIGIONS TODAY • The Bible (Christianity), Torah (Judaism) or Koran (Islam) are the central
• Other religions - such as Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, Christianity, and books studied and lived by.
Islam, started thousands of years ago and continue to be vibrant and relevant EASTERN BELIEFS
in our world today. • Polytheism - belief in more than one god
What Characterizes a Religion? • Main concern is to live a good, happier, better life right here and now
Most scholars agree that every religion has the same three basics elements: • Creation contains God within it. All elements of creation from plants to
- wisdom or creed, animals have an animated spirit
- worship or cult, and • Meditation- is central to these faiths
- works or code. • Life is balanced
WISDOM/CREED • Holy books are not central to the belief and practice
- Refers to the theological beliefs and scriptures or holy writings of a religion. • Time is viewed in cycles.
- A creed is a set of truths that MUST be accepted and agreed to by those who • There is a belief in reincarnation or rebirth
• Things can be made better or worse through karma
wish to belong to the religion, those who choose to be a follower or disciple.
Briefly, a creed is a "summary" of the principle beliefs of a religion. IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING RELIGION
WORSHIP/CULT 1. Understand differences and see similarities between nations and cultures both
- Refers to the way of worshipping, to the rituals that are practiced by followers
political and philosophical
of the religion. This is often a difficult element to describe, because it involves
so many diverse elements. 2. Appreciate our own beliefs by seeing them alongside those of others
3. Work for Ecumenism through a meaningful exchange of ideas between • Celebrities following and advertising them
religious groups IS THE RELIGION THE MAIN CAUSE OF CONFLICT TODAY?
- Religion is not the main cause of conflicts today.
SIMILARITIES OF RELIGION - Surveying the state of 35 armed conflicts from 2013, religious elements did
1. Belief in a power greater than humans not play a role in 14, or 40 percent.
 Holy Places eg. Mecca, Jerusalem, - Religion was only one of three or more reasons for 67 per cent of the
 Set of religious symbols by which the religion is identified
conflicts where religion featured as a factor to the conflict.
 Having a liturgy or observance of Holy Days
DOES THE PROPORTION OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF OR ATHEISM IN A
2. Having sacred or Holy Writings, list of rules
COUNTRY DETERMINE ITS PEACE?
 Number of important people, founders, prophets, missionaries, historical
people There is no clear statistical relationship between either the presence or the
absence of religious belief and conflict. Even at the extremes, the least peaceful
 Place of worship
countries are not necessarily the most religious and vice-versa.
 Belief in a Golden Rule IS RELIGION KEY TO UNDERSTANDING WHAT DRIVES PEACE?
- There are many other socio-economic characteristics that have more significant
RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES explanatory power in understanding why conflict and peace occurs than religion
 Their idea of sin or evil does. There are however some religious factors that are significantly related to
 Their idea of salvation peace.
 The idea of priesthood - Multivariate regression analysis reveals that there is a consistent relationship
 Their idea of a personal God between factors such as corruption, political terror, gender and economic
- some believe that their god can personally communicate with each inequality and political instability which determine poor peace scores as
human- can be contacted, persuaded, involved. Others that their God is measured by the Global Peace Index (GPI). The research clearly indicates that
unreachable -- people are on their own to find their own answers. Others these factors are globally more significant determinants in driving violence and
that their God is beyond the limits of experience or knowledge conflict in society than the presence of religious belief.
HOW DOES GLOBALIZATION AFFECTS RELIGIOUS PRACTICES AND - Nevertheless, there are two religious characteristics which are associated with
BELIEFS? peace; restrictions on religious behaviour as well as hostilities towards religion.
• Rising religious fundamentalism as people feel culturally threatened by an Countries without a dominant religious group are, on average, more peaceful
influx of ‘strange’ cultural factors resulting from the increasingly and have less restrictions or social hostilities around religion than countries with
multicultural societies triggered by globalization. a dominant religious group. However, government type has much greater
• Conversely, the movement of people and information across national explanatory power than religion in understanding differing levels of peace.
borders increases the rate of social and cultural liberalization resulting in
CAN RELIGION PLAY A POSITIVE ROLE IN PEACEBUILDING?
potential loosening of traditional religious strictures.
- While a lot of analysis may focus on the negative role of religion it is important
• The rise of nationalism as a counter pressure to globalization may put
to acknowledge the potential positive role of religion in peace-building through
pressure on ethnic/religious diversity in some countries. Particularly,
inter-faith dialogue and other religiously-motivated movements.
countries that do not have long histories of multiculturalism or where there
- Religion can be the motivator or catalyst for bringing about peace through
has been historical conflict between ethnic/religious groups that had been
ending conflict as well as helping to build strong social cohesion. Furthermore,
suppressed due to the rise of globalization.
religion can act as a form of social cohesion and, like membership of other
• The ease of information flow also allows the rapid movement of religious
groups, greater involvement in society can strengthen the bonds between
proselytizing across the world. So, the converts to regionally non-
citizens strengthening the bonds of peace.
traditional religions i.e Mormonism and Fundamentalist Christianity in Latin
America, have increased dramatically.
HOW DOES RELIGION SPREAD MORE EFFICIENTLY?
• Magazines
• Media
• Social media
• Cell phones apps
SOCSCI032
Market Integration
ECONOMY GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TARIFFS AND
 The social institution that has one of the TRADE (GATT)
biggest impacts on society.  This is one of the systems born out of Bretton
 The social institution that organizes all Woods
productions, consumption, and trade of  Established in 1947, currently having 23
goods in the society. member countries.
 It focused on trade goods through
ECONOMIC SYSTEM IN 3 SECTORS: multinational trade agreements
 PRIMARY SECTOR - extracts raw materials
conducted in many “rounds” of
from natural environments.
negotiation.
 SECONDARY SECTOR- gains raw materials
and transforms them into manufactured WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO)
goods.  It was established in 1995, and as of 2005, it
 TERTIARY SECTOR- involves services rather has 152 member states. Its headquarters is
than goods. located at Geneva, Switzerland.
 It is an independent multilateral organization
MARKET INTEGRATION that became responsible for trade in services,
A situation in which separate markets for the
non-tariff-related barriers to trade, and other
same product become one single market. it is an
broader areas of trade liberalization.
indicator that explains how much different
markets are related to each other. IMF AND WB
 Both the International Monetary Fund
INTERNAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS (IMF)and World Bank (WB) were founded
1. The Bretton Woods System after the World War II mainly because of peace
2. The General Agreement on Tariffs and advocacy.
Trade (GATT) and The World Trade  These institutions aimed to help the
Organization (WTO) economic stability of the world.
3. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and  They started by organizations not individual
The World Bank regular banks designed to complement each
4. OECD, OPEC, and EU other.
5. North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA) INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF)
 Its goal was to help countries which were in
THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM trouble at that time and who could not obtain
•Bretton woods system of monetary money by any means.
management established the rules for  IMF served as a lender or a last resort for
commercial and financial relations among its countries which needed financial assistance.
members. WORLD BANK (WB)
•It was the first example of a fully negotiated  Its goals had more long-term approach which
monetary order intended to govern monetary revolved around the eradication of poverty
relations among independent states. and it funded specific goals and it funded
•The Bretton Woods System was established specific projects that helped them reach their
because of the fear of recurrence of lack of goals.
cooperation among nations, political instability,
and economic turmoil. OECD, OPEC, and the EU
THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM FIVE KEY  Organization for Economic
ELEMENTS: Cooperation and Development
1. The expression of currency in terms of (OECD)
gold or gold value to establish a par value. -It has 35 member states as of 2016. This
2. The official monetary authority in each emanates from the member countries’
country (central bank) would have to resources and economic power.
agree to exchange its own currency for  Organization of Petroleum
those of other countries at the established Exporting Countries (OPEC)
exchange rates, plus or minus a one -It has 14 member countries. This
percent margin. organization was formed because member
3. The establishment of an overseer for countries wanted to increase the price of
these exchange rates thus the oil, which in the past had relatively low
international monetary fund was founded. price and had failed in keeping up with
4. Eliminating restrictions on the currencies inflation.
of member states in the international  European Union (EU)
trade.
5. The US dollar became the global currency.
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SOCSCI032
Market Integration
-It is made up with 28 member states. most countries are not purely capitalist
Most members in the Eurozone adopted societies.
the euro as basic currency. SOCIALISM
- Government plays an even larger role
NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT in socialism.
(NAFTA) - The means of production are under
A trade pact between the United States, Mexico, collective ownership –property is owned
and Canada which helps in developing and by the government and allocated to all
expanding world trade by broadening citizens, not only those with the money to
international cooperation. afford it.
It aims to increase corporation for improving - Socialism is a stepping stone to
working conditions in North America by reducing communism.
barriers to trade as it expands the markets of
the three countries.
MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
 Positive consequence- it lowered prices
- It is also referred as Global corporations
by removing tariffs, opened up new
- It is a company that operates in its home
opportunities for small and medium sized
country, as well as in other countries
business to establish a name for itself,
around the world.
quadrupled trade between the three
- It maintains a central office located in one
countries, and created five million US jobs.
country, which coordinates the
 Negative consequence- excessive
management of all other offices such as
pollution, loss of more than 682,000
administrative branches or factories.
manufacturing jobs, exploitation of
workers in Mexico, and moving Mexican
farmers out of business.
HISTORY OF GLOBAL MARKET INTEGRATION
1. Agricultural Revolution and Industrial
Revolution
2. Capitalism and Socialism
3. The Information Revolution
Agricultural Revolution
- First big economic change.
- Farming helped societies build surpluses,
meaning, not everyone had to spend their
time producing food. Thus, it led to major
developments.
Industrial Revolution
- The second major economic revolution in
1800s.
- With the rise of industry came new
economic tools, factories popped up
and change how work functioned.
Capitalism and Socialism
There were two competing economic models
that sprung around the time of Industrial
Revolution, as economic capital became more
and more important to the production of goods
–the capitalism and socialism.
CAPITALISM
- A system in which all natural resources
and means of production are privately
owned.
- It emphasizes profit maximization and
competition as the main drivers of
efficiency.
- In practice, an economy does not work
well if it is left completely on auto pilot. It
would lead to market failure such as
monopoly. Market failures are the reasons
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QUIZ 4: GLOBAL DIVIDES AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
Marxism argues that the instability in the international system results from different facets of class
struggle such as the problems due to the following EXCEPT: Exploitation
Drawing lines between the global south and the global north, the developed and the developing, the
first and the third world, has a powerful political function. False
As global problems intensify, it becomes more and more necessary for the people in the south to
support alternatives from the north. False
This theory argues that societies undergo stages of growth and move from being a traditional society to
a modern one. Modernization Theory
A policy of cutting budget for social services, so as to reduce a country’s budget deficit. Austerity
Which of the following does not belong to the group? Code of Conduct
The Northern countries have the majority of the wealth, the highest standard of living, the greatest
industrial development, and the most populated. True
What refers to the set of norms and rules governing the relations between governments or state
entities. International Law
Global interconnectedness is woven into the fabric of everyday life. True
It refers to the collection of governance-related activities, rules and mechanisms, formal and informal,
existing at a variety level in the world today. Pieces of Global Governance
Human Development Index argues that economic development is the only way to measure progress.
False
What refers to guidelines, policy declaration or codes of conduct which set standards of conduct. Soft
Law
It is a collective action and collective management to address the global problems. Global Governance
The global north has provided models of resistance for the world. False
Dependency Theory
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AFTER MIDTERMS
QUIZ 6
What ASEAN agreement accelerated the creation of the ASEAN Community from 2012 to 2015?
Answer: Cebu Declaration
In what particular place in Southeast Asia created their own currency?
Answer: Santi Suk, Thailand
What refers to the conscious, rather than undirected, process of creating institutions by the state at the
regional level?
Answer: Regionalization
Japan’s colonization of the region in 1930s and 40s – East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere manifested that
Asia is impacted by globalization.
Answer: False
A school of thought which claimed and views the Asian Region as an object impacted by globalization?
Answer: Externalist
What country promotes the East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere?
Answer: Japan
The second wave of the rise of the middle class in Southeast Asia begun in the countries of South Korea,
Taiwan, Singapore, and Malaysia.
Answer: False
What state was the last to become a member of ASEAN?
Answer: Cambodia
Which of the following is not a member of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation?
Answer: India
Integration based largely on the principle of non-interference or intervention in domestic matters.
Answer: Intergovernmentalism
What school of thought claims Asia is a springboard to globalization?
Answer: Generative View
In what century did the movements for nationalism and independence has started?
Answer: 19th Century
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What approach to regionalism in which States pool their sovereignty in a way that limits their autonomy
in deciding over issues, whether economic, military or political in nature?
Answer: Supranationalism
What regional organization practices supranationalism?
Answer: European Union
Who represented the Philippines during the founding of the ASEAN in 1967?
Answer: Narciso Ramos
What refers to the rapid expansion and intensification of social relations across world tome and space?
Answer: Globalization
What approach to regionalism places importance on state consent as the basis for cooperation or
integration?
Answer: Intergovernmaentalism
Which of the following best describes the externalist view on regionalism?
Answer: Asian Financial Crisis in 1997
19. A regional organization in the world practices the supranationalism approach to regionalism.
What refers to the formal process of the intergovernmental collaboration between two or more states?
Answer: Regionalism
QUIZ 7
Imperialism with the concept of “globalization” suggests “interconnection and dependency of all global
areas” happening “in a far less purposeful way”
Answer: False
Western beliefs advocate a belief in reincarnation or rebirth.
Answer: False
According to Jack Lule, globalization and media are combining to create a divided world of gated
communities and ghettos, borders and boundaries, suffering and surfeit, beauty and decay, surveillance
and violence invoking the biblical town punished for its vanity by seeing its citizens scattered, its
language confounded, and its destiny destined by strife.
Answer: True
Dominance of a particular country in the global media marketplace is more a function of economic than
cultural factor.
Answer: True
Cultural globalization requires an organizational infrastructure.
Answer: True
Cultural imperialism attempts to promote a western lifestyle and possibly Americanize the world.
Answer: True
Dominance of a particular country in the global media marketplace is more a function of economic than
cultural factors.
Answer: True
Global Media has immense power in terms of how it covers events outside the developing world.
Answer: False
No globalization without media.
Answer: True
The way of life.
Answer: Dharma
Means of mass communication in the form of printed publications, such as newspapers and magazines.
Answer: Print Media
It refers to cooperation or entities globally engaged in media production and/or distribution.
Answer: Global media
The main means of mass communication.
Answer: Media
Newspapers or journalists viewed collectively.
Answer: Press
It refers to a community formed by like-minded individuals bound by common interests, shared

aspirations, collective identity, and the likes.
Answer: Imagined community
It refers to an international community formed by constant interaction between citizens of various

countries and bound by shared cultural experiences, transcending geographical distance and actual
physical contact.
Answer: Global village
Sacred writings of Christianity.
Answer: Bible
Time is viewed in cycles.
Answer: Eastern beliefs
Relating to, using, or storing data or information in the form of digital signals; involving or relating to the
use of computer technology.
Answer: Digital
It is as old as mankind.
Answer: Religion
Refers to the ethical values and the system of moral practice directly resulting from an adherence to the
beliefs.
Answer: Works/Code
Humans must enter into an interpersonal relationship with God.
Answer: Western Beliefs
Media Channels which transmit information basically through radio or television and recently, internet
through social networking sites and other search engines and web explorers.
Answer: Broadcast Media
A religious belief system which has become regionally recognized as having independent status from any
other religion, but which nonetheless may have many, sometimes mutually antagonistic, sects or
denominations.
Answer: World Religion
The importing or exchange of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium; the
successful conveying or sharing of ideas and feelings.
Answer: Communication
QUIZ 8
People choosing to leave large urban areas for smaller communities usually for community of life
reasons is called:
Answer: Counter-urbanization
A singular historical period during which fertility and mortality rates decline from high level to low level
in a particular country or region.
Answer: Demographic Transition
Which of the following does not belong to the group?
Answer: Geothermal
The growth of International governmental organizations (IGO’s) resulting in international movements of

highly qualified executives & professionals.
Answer: True?
Labor Migration mainly involves the flow of less-skilled and unskilled workers, as well as illegal
immigrants who live on the margins of host society. (Landler, 2007)
Answer: False
UN Sustainable Development Goals apply to every nation… and every sector. Cities, businesses, schools,
organizations, all are challenged to act.
Answer: Universality
The following are the pillars for sustainable development. Except:
Answer: human development
A voluntary sustainable development plan of action, for implementation by national regional, and local
governments.
Answer: Agenda 21
Population movements across national borders.
Answer: International Migration
The drift to cities, especially in the developing world, has led to slow population growth in the size of
cities and the proportion of the population living in urban area (towns and cities).
Answer: True
World Commission on Environment and Development
Answer: Bruntland Commission
The following are features of population movement, except:
Answer: increasing portion of men??
It refers to the geographic movement of people where there has been a change in the place of usual
residence.
Answer: Population Mobility
When people move to improve their economic and social well-being and /or gain personal freedom.
Answer: Immigration
According to the UN report, one out of seven people live outside their country or region of origin.
Answer: True??
It meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their
own needs.
Answer: Sustainable Development
The UN SDG’s are widely recognized that achieving these Goals involves making very big, fundamental
changes in how we live on Earth. This is called
Answer: Transformation
The first worldwide agreement designed to protect human health and the environment against the
adverse effects of the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer.
Answer: Montreal Protocol
This occurs when a species population exceeds the carrying capacity of its ecological niche.
Answer: Overpopulation
The act or process of moving from one place to another with the intention of staying at the destination
permanently or for a long period of time.
Answer: Migration
SOCSCI032
QUIZ NO.1
1. It argues that globalization lacks precise definition.
Answer: Academic’s View
2. Which view holds that, the end of the nation-state?
Answer: Hyperglobalist
3. Pessimists’ view argued that manual workers in the west are under threat.
Answer: True
4. Which view holds that globalization weakens the power of national governments?
5. Globalization exposed many to diverse cultural outputs and values.
Answer: True
6. In what year the satellite Telstar and thereafter the first transatlantic television
broadcasts launched?
Answer: 1962
7. Agricultural and urban revolutions, migrations, increased trade, and ancient
empires grew out of Eurasia.
Answer: Eurasian
8. Economy developed through industrialization and the colonial division of labor.
Answer: Euro-Atlantic
9. This period was characterized by war (WW II) and disputes (Cold War) over the
still fragile globalization process.
Answer: Struggle for Hegemony
10. A measure of how easily information and ideas pass between people in their own
country and between different countries (includes access to internet and social
media networks).
Answer: Social
11. Which view holds that the power of National Government increases but their
nature changes?
Answer: Skeptics
12. It argues that globalization stress, among other things, from basic human urge
to seek better and more fulfilling life. This leads him to trace the initial
globalization of the human species.
Answer: Hardwired
13. It argued the erosion of nation states and states are no longer the decision
makers but the decision takers.
Answer: The Hyperglobalists’ Camp
14. What event in the 20th century which sent shockwaves throughout the world
that resulted in the changes in global migration patterns, declined in global
remittances and the explosions in unemployment and debt?
Answer: Great Depression
15. Commercial revolutions commenced in the Greco-Roman world, West Asia and
East Africa.
Answer: Afro-Eurasian
QUIZ NO.2
1. The following are causes of great depression except:
Answer: Over buying of assets
2. What refers to the extension of economic activities of nation states across
borders?
Answer: Internationalization
3. World Trade Organization was founded after the conclusion of the Bretton
Woods Conference in the United States of America.
Answer: False
4. What refers to rules that limit who can enter a business and what prices they
may change?
Answer: Economic Regulation
5. Which superpower represented the Communist ideology during the Cold War?
Answer: Soviet Union
6. Economic globalization is a new phenomenon.
Answer: False
7. It is formally known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference.
Answer: Bretton Woods Conference
8. Served as forum for trade negotiations.
Answer: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
9. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
Answer: World Trade Organization
10. It facilitates the reconstruction of Europe.
Answer: World Bank
11. Considered by some economists, a rare, and extreme form of recession.
12. He foresaw an IMF that functioned more like a bank, making sure that borrowing
states could repay their debts on time.
Answer: Harry Dexter White
13. It is the reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods
between nations.
Answer: Liberalization
14. Bretton Woods Conference was the gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 allied
nations to regulate the international monetary and financial order after the
conclusion of World War I.
Answer: False
15. Member Quotas are the primary source of IMF financial resource.
Answer:True
16. An international organization organized after the World War I.
Answer: League of Nations
17. It is a functional integration between internationally dispersed activities. That is,
a qualitative transformation than just quantitative change.
Answer: Economic Globalization
18. International Monetary Fund’s fundamental missions are the following: lending,
capacity development and
Answer: Economic Surveillance
19. Formed in 1949 during the Bretton Woods Conference, which institution was
created primarily for opening up markets for world trade?
20. An individual or organization that has significant political influence but it is not
allied to any particular country or state.
Answer: United Nations
QUIZ NO. 3
1. In Westphalian interstate system, legal sovereignty is no longer the monopoly of
national governments.
Answer: False
2. The outcomes of Peace of Westphalia founded important norms for the
international system and serve as a model for contemporary international law
and relations.
Answer: True
3. Which of the following is not a principle embodied by the Westphalian interstate
system?
Answer: Intervention in Domestic Affairs
4. Which intergovernmental organization was created after World War II in the aim
of promoting international peace and security and social, economic, and social
cultural cooperation?
5. At the level of nation state, there is such a managing authority the government.
But at the international level, government does not exist.
Answer: True
6. Westphalian wars are in decline. Non-Westphalian conflicts are on the rise.
Answer: True
7. It occurs when a firm performs more than one activity in the sequence of the
marketing process.
Answer: Vertical Integration
8. It refers to the collection of governance-related activities, rules and mechanisms,
formal and informal, existing at a variety levels in the world today.
Answer: Pieces of Global Governance
9. Which economic system promotes private ownership of property?
Answer: Socialism
Answer: Code of Conduct
11. It occurs when the company controls all components, from raw materials to final
delivery.
Answer: Forward Integration
12. Realism assumes that the structure of the international system is anarchy and
that the states are rational actors.
Answer: True
13. Which mercantilist practice seeks to replace foreign goods with domestic
production?
Answer: Import Substitution
14. Global governance takes place without global government.
Answer: True
15. It is a collective action and collective management to address the global
problems.
Answer: Global Governance
16. It is a process in which a company purchases or internally produces segments of
its supply chain.
Answer: Backward Integration
17. In the new economic environment, the importance of IFIs and bilateral aid as
sources of funds has increased.
Answer: False
18. International law is beginning to challenge the supremacy of state sovereignty.
Answer: True
19. Is a situation in which separate markets for the same product become one single
market?
Answer: Market Integration
20. It emphasizes the pacifying role of international organizations, economic
interdependence, and democracy.
Answer: Liberalism
QUIZ NO.4
1. What was the name of the currency that Thailand created?
Answer: Santi Suk
2. Which country is not a member of APEC?
Answer: India
3. What approach to regionalism in which the states pool their sovereignty in a way
that limits their autonomy in deciding over issues, whether economic, military, or
political in nature?
4. Who represented the Philippines during the founding of the ASEAN in 1967?
5. What refers to the formal process of intergovernmental collaboration between
two or more states?
Answer: Regionalism
6. In what century did the movements for nationalism and independence start?
Answer: 19th
7. It refers to the creation of formal institutions that entails some degree of
renunciation of autonomous action by states.
Answer: Integration
8. It refers to limited arrangements between states to pursue their goals without
losing their autonomy to decide independently in areas deemed crucial to
sovereignty.
Answer: Cooperation
9. Regionalism can have important demonstration effects in accustoming actors to
the effects of liberalization.
Answer: management of internationalization
10. “Accelerate the establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015.”
11. “Accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in
the religion through joint endeavors.”
Answer: Bangkok Declaration
12. What refers to the conscious, rather than undirected, process of creating
institutions by states at the regional level?
13. What ASEAN agreement accelerated the creation of the ASEAN Community from
2012 to 2015?
14. What approach to regionalism places importance on state consent as the basis
for cooperation or integration?
15. What school of thought which claims the Asia is a springboard to globalization?
Answer: Generative view
16. What state was the last to become a member of ASEAN?
Answer: Laos
17. What country promotes the East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere?
Answer: Japan
18. What refers to the rapid expansion and intensification of social relations across
world time and space?
19. What regional organization in the world practices the supranationalism approach
to regionalism?
20. What school of thought which claimed the Asian Region as an object impacted by
globalization?
Answer: Externalist view
QUIZ NO. 5
1. It is a gap in technological skills between those who have ready access to
computers and other digital devices, and the internet, and those who do not.
Answer: Digital divide
2. It refers to a corporations or entities globally engaged in media production
and/or distribution.
3. It refers to a community formed by like-minded individuals bound by common
interests, shared aspirations, collective identity and the like.
4. The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the
Answer: Media
5. Media channel which transmit information basically through radio or television
and web explorers.
Answer: Broadcast media
6. According to Marshall McLuhan, the global village according to him, predicted
that global village, one world interconnected by an electronic nervous system,
making it part of our popular culture before it actually happened.
Answer: True
7. Global Media has immense power in terms of how it covers events outside the
developing world.
Answer: False
developing world.
Answer: False
9. First World issues sustains the unequal relations of power that exist between the
West and the Third World.
Answer: False
10. Cultural Globalization requires an organizational infrastructure.
Answer: True
11. Religion is the key in understanding what drives peace.
Answer: False
12. Sacred writings of Christianity.
Answer: Bible
13. Time is viewed in cycles.
Answer: Eastern Beliefs
14. It is old as mankind.
Answer: Religion
15. Refers to the ethical values and the system of moral practice directly resulting
from an adherence to the beliefs.
Answer: Works/code
16. Each religion has its own set of religious symbols by which the religion is
identified.
Answer: True
17. Eastern beliefs believe in one God.
Answer: False
18. Each religion differs in the idea of sin.
Answer: True
19. Time is viewed as ___ from beginning to end.
Answer: linear
20. The rise of nationalism as a ____ to globalization may put pressure on
ethnic/religious diversity in some countries.
Answer: counter pressure
QUIZ NO. 6
1. Labor Migration mainly involves the flow of skilled and unskilled workers.
Answer: False
2. People who move because they have to be.
Answer: vagabonds
3. It refers to the movement of people from place to place, or job to job, or social
class to social class.
Answer: mobility
4. People choose to leave large urban areas for smaller communities usually for
quality of life reasons.
Answer: counter-urbanization
5. This occurs when a species population exceeds the carrying capacity of its
ecological niche.
Answer: overpopulation
6. Contracted for employment for a specific period of time. Income often sent home
to worker’s family.
Answer: contract migration
7. It refers to the geographic movement of people where there has been a change
in the place of usual residence.
Answer: Population mobility
8. Work available elsewhere.
Answer: pull factor
9. Lack of Employment in home countries.
Answer: push factor
10. It is a singular historical period during which fertility and mortality rates decline
from high level to low level in a particular country or region.
Answer: demographic transition
11. People move to improve their economic and social wellbeing and / or gain
personal freedom.
Answer: voluntary migration
12. The effect of demographic transition is the enormous gap between the
developed countries and the developing countries.
Answer: False
13. Member of the Rohingya tribe is a stateless person.
Answer: True
14. In a developed world urbanisation and urban growth have slowed and more
urbanisation taking place.
Answer: False
15. The increase of migrants lead to conflict with local residents.
Answer: True
QUIZ NO. 7
Answer: Deforestation
2. The UN SDG's were negotiated over a five-year period at the United Nations.
Answer: False
3. Decent Work and Economic Growth
Answer: UN SDG #8
4. UN SDG's is widely recognized that achieving these Goals involves making very
big, fundamental changes in how we live on Earth
5. 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
Answer: Rio Earth Summit
6. The fourth pillar of the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Answer: Cultural Diversity
7. Reduce encroachment upon nature.
Answer: Sustainability Principle
8. Good health and Well-being
Answer: UN SDG #3
9. Clean water and sanitation
Answer: UN SDG #6
10. Climate Action
Answer: UN SDG #13
11. UN SDG's apply to every nation … and every sector. Cities, businesses, schools,
12. Keep within the Earth’s carrying capacity.
Answer: Principles of Sustainability Society
13. Which of the following is a Sustainability Principles?
Answer: Meet human needs fairly and efficiently
14. It is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
15. It is an unfolding of human potentials for meaningful participation in economic,
social, political and cultural process and institutions, so that people can improve
their conditions.
Answer: Development
QUIZ NO. 8 (9/15)
1. Global citizenship as self-awareness and awareness of others.
Answer: True
2. A global citizen think about causes and consequences of justice and inequalities.
Answer: False
3. Global citizenship as participation in the social and political life of one’s
community.
Answer: True
4. Global citizenship as the cultivation of principled decision-making.
Answer: True
5. Citizen 1.0-3.0 want to believe that their group or their country is right and
others, therefore, must be wrong.
Answer: False
6. A global citizen is outraged by social justice.
Answer: False
7. Global citizenship entails an awareness of the independence of individuals and
systems and a sense of responsibility that follow from it.
Answer: False
8. Global citizenship as a choice and a way of life.
Answer: False
9. Multicentric
Answer: Citizen 4.0
10. Sociocentric
Answer: Citizen 3.0
11. It is a membership of a body politic.
Answer: patriotism
12. It is a membership of a particular race or ethnic group
Answer: citizen
13. Ideocentric
Answer: Citizen 1.0
14. With the interconnected and dependent nature of our world, the global is not
‘out there’, it is part of our everyday lives, as we are linked to others on every
continent.
Answer: True
15. It refers to the act of a city or a local authority declaring itself a “world citizen”
city, by voting a charter stating its awareness of global problems and its sense of
shared responsibility.
Answer: Early use of mondialisation
SOCSCI032
QUIZ NO.1
1. It argues that globalization lacks precise definition.
Answer: Academic’s View
2. Which view holds that, the end of the nation-state?
3. Pessimists’ view argued that manual workers in the west are under threat.
Answer: True
4. Which view holds that globalization weakens the power of national governments?
5. Globalization exposed many to diverse cultural outputs and values.
Answer: True
6. In what year the satellite Telstar and thereafter the first transatlantic television
broadcasts launched?
Answer: 1962
7. Agricultural and urban revolutions, migrations, increased trade, and ancient
empires grew out of Eurasia.
Answer: Eurasian
8. Economy developed through industrialization and the colonial division of labor.
Answer: Euro-Atlantic
9. This period was characterized by war (WW II) and disputes (Cold War) over the
still fragile globalization process.
Answer: Struggle for Hegemony
10. A measure of how easily information and ideas pass between people in their own
country and between different countries (includes access to internet and social
media networks).
Answer: Social
11. Which view holds that the power of National Government increases but their
nature changes?
Answer: Skeptics
12. It argues that globalization stress, among other things, from basic human urge
to seek better and more fulfilling life. This leads him to trace the initial
globalization of the human species.
Answer: Hardwired
13. It argued the erosion of nation states and states are no longer the decision
makers but the decision takers.
Answer: The Hyperglobalists’ Camp
14. What event in the 20th century which sent shockwaves throughout the world
that resulted in the changes in global migration patterns, declined in global
remittances and the explosions in unemployment and debt?
15. Commercial revolutions commenced in the Greco-Roman world, West Asia and
East Africa.
Answer: Afro-Eurasian
QUIZ NO.2
1. The following are causes of great depression except:
Answer: Over buying of assets
2. What refers to the extension of economic activities of nation states across
borders?
Answer: Internationalization
3. World Trade Organization was founded after the conclusion of the Bretton
Woods Conference in the United States of America.
Answer: False
4. What refers to rules that limit who can enter a business and what prices they
may change?
Answer: Economic Regulation
5. Which superpower represented the Communist ideology during the Cold War?
Answer: Soviet Union
6. Economic globalization is a new phenomenon.
Answer: False
7. It is formally known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference.
Answer: Bretton Woods Conference
8. Served as forum for trade negotiations.
Answer: World Trade Organization
10. It facilitates the reconstruction of Europe.
Answer: World Bank
11. Considered by some economists, a rare, and extreme form of recession.
12. He foresaw an IMF that functioned more like a bank, making sure that borrowing
states could repay their debts on time.
Answer: Harry Dexter White
13. It is the reduction of restrictions or barriers on the free exchange of goods
between nations.
Answer: Liberalization
14. Bretton Woods Conference was the gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 allied
nations to regulate the international monetary and financial order after the
conclusion of World War I.
Answer: False
15. Member Quotas are the primary source of IMF financial resource.
Answer:True
16. An international organization organized after the World War I.
Answer: League of Nations
17. It is a functional integration between internationally dispersed activities. That is,
a qualitative transformation than just quantitative change.
Answer: Economic Globalization
18. International Monetary Fund’s fundamental missions are the following: lending,
capacity development and
Answer: Economic Surveillance
19. Formed in 1949 during the Bretton Woods Conference, which institution was
created primarily for opening up markets for world trade?
20. An individual or organization that has significant political influence but it is not
allied to any particular country or state.
QUIZ NO. 3
1. In Westphalian interstate system, legal sovereignty is no longer the monopoly of
national governments.
Answer: False
2. The outcomes of Peace of Westphalia founded important norms for the
international system and serve as a model for contemporary international law
and relations.
Answer: True
3. Which of the following is not a principle embodied by the Westphalian interstate
system?
Answer: Intervention in Domestic Affairs
4. Which intergovernmental organization was created after World War II in the aim
of promoting international peace and security and social, economic, and social
cultural cooperation?
5. At the level of nation state, there is such a managing authority the government.
But at the international level, government does not exist.
Answer: True
6. Westphalian wars are in decline. Non-Westphalian conflicts are on the rise.
Answer: True
7. It occurs when a firm performs more than one activity in the sequence of the
marketing process.
Answer: Vertical Integration
8. It refers to the collection of governance-related activities, rules and mechanisms,
formal and informal, existing at a variety levels in the world today.
Answer: Pieces of Global Governance
9. Which economic system promotes private ownership of property?
Answer: Socialism
Answer: Code of Conduct
11. It occurs when the company controls all components, from raw materials to final
delivery.
Answer: Forward Integration
12. Realism assumes that the structure of the international system is anarchy and
that the states are rational actors.
Answer: True
13. Which mercantilist practice seeks to replace foreign goods with domestic
production?
Answer: Import Substitution
14. Global governance takes place without global government.
Answer: True
15. It is a collective action and collective management to address the global
problems.
Answer: Global Governance
16. It is a process in which a company purchases or internally produces segments of
its supply chain.
Answer: Backward Integration
17. In the new economic environment, the importance of IFIs and bilateral aid as
sources of funds has increased.
Answer: False
18. International law is beginning to challenge the supremacy of state sovereignty.
Answer: True
19. Is a situation in which separate markets for the same product become one single
market?
Answer: Market Integration
20. It emphasizes the pacifying role of international organizations, economic
interdependence, and democracy.
Answer: Liberalism
QUIZ NO.4
1. What was the name of the currency that Thailand created?
Answer: Santi Suk
2. Which country is not a member of APEC?
Answer: India
3. What approach to regionalism in which the states pool their sovereignty in a way
that limits their autonomy in deciding over issues, whether economic, military, or
political in nature?
4. Who represented the Philippines during the founding of the ASEAN in 1967?
5. What refers to the formal process of intergovernmental collaboration between
two or more states?
Answer: Regionalism
6. In what century did the movements for nationalism and independence start?
Answer: 19th
7. It refers to the creation of formal institutions that entails some degree of
renunciation of autonomous action by states.
Answer: Integration
8. It refers to limited arrangements between states to pursue their goals without
losing their autonomy to decide independently in areas deemed crucial to
sovereignty.
Answer: Cooperation
9. Regionalism can have important demonstration effects in accustoming actors to
the effects of liberalization.
Answer: management of internationalization
10. “Accelerate the establishment of an ASEAN Community by 2015.”
11. “Accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in
the religion through joint endeavors.”
Answer: Bangkok Declaration
12. What refers to the conscious, rather than undirected, process of creating
institutions by states at the regional level?
13. What ASEAN agreement accelerated the creation of the ASEAN Community from
2012 to 2015?
14. What approach to regionalism places importance on state consent as the basis
for cooperation or integration?
15. What school of thought which claims the Asia is a springboard to globalization?
Answer: Generative view
16. What state was the last to become a member of ASEAN?
Answer: Laos
17. What country promotes the East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere?
Answer: Japan
18. What refers to the rapid expansion and intensification of social relations across
world time and space?
19. What regional organization in the world practices the supranationalism approach
to regionalism?
20. What school of thought which claimed the Asian Region as an object impacted by
globalization?
Answer: Externalist view
QUIZ NO. 5
1. It is a gap in technological skills between those who have ready access to
computers and other digital devices, and the internet, and those who do not.
Answer: Digital divide
2. It refers to a corporations or entities globally engaged in media production
and/or distribution.
3. It refers to a community formed by like-minded individuals bound by common
interests, shared aspirations, collective identity and the like.
4. The main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the
Answer: Media
5. Media channel which transmit information basically through radio or television
and web explorers.
Answer: Broadcast media
6. According to Marshall McLuhan, the global village according to him, predicted
that global village, one world interconnected by an electronic nervous system,
making it part of our popular culture before it actually happened.
Answer: True
developing world.
Answer: False
developing world.
Answer: False
9. First World issues sustains the unequal relations of power that exist between the
West and the Third World.
Answer: False
10. Cultural Globalization requires an organizational infrastructure.
Answer: True
11. Religion is the key in understanding what drives peace.
Answer: False
12. Sacred writings of Christianity.
Answer: Bible
13. Time is viewed in cycles.
Answer: Eastern Beliefs
14. It is old as mankind.
Answer: Religion
15. Refers to the ethical values and the system of moral practice directly resulting
from an adherence to the beliefs.
Answer: Works/code
16. Each religion has its own set of religious symbols by which the religion is
identified.
Answer: True
17. Eastern beliefs believe in one God.
Answer: False
18. Each religion differs in the idea of sin.
Answer: True
19. Time is viewed as ___ from beginning to end.
Answer: linear
20. The rise of nationalism as a ____ to globalization may put pressure on
ethnic/religious diversity in some countries.
Answer: counter pressure
QUIZ NO. 6
1. Labor Migration mainly involves the flow of skilled and unskilled workers.
Answer: False
2. People who move because they have to be.
Answer: vagabonds
3. It refers to the movement of people from place to place, or job to job, or social
class to social class.
Answer: mobility
4. People choose to leave large urban areas for smaller communities usually for
quality of life reasons.
Answer: counter-urbanization
5. This occurs when a species population exceeds the carrying capacity of its
ecological niche.
Answer: overpopulation
6. Contracted for employment for a specific period of time. Income often sent home
to worker’s family.
Answer: contract migration
7. It refers to the geographic movement of people where there has been a change
in the place of usual residence.
Answer: Population mobility
8. Work available elsewhere.
Answer: pull factor
9. Lack of Employment in home countries.
Answer: push factor
10. It is a singular historical period during which fertility and mortality rates decline
from high level to low level in a particular country or region.
Answer: demographic transition
11. People move to improve their economic and social wellbeing and / or gain
personal freedom.
Answer: voluntary migration
12. The effect of demographic transition is the enormous gap between the
developed countries and the developing countries.
Answer: False
13. Member of the Rohingya tribe is a stateless person.
Answer: True
14. In a developed world urbanisation and urban growth have slowed and more
urbanisation taking place.
Answer: False
15. The increase of migrants lead to conflict with local residents.
Answer: True
QUIZ NO. 7
Answer: Deforestation
2. The UN SDG's were negotiated over a five-year period at the United Nations.
Answer: False
3. Decent Work and Economic Growth
Answer: UN SDG #8
4. UN SDG's is widely recognized that achieving these Goals involves making very
big, fundamental changes in how we live on Earth
5. 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
Answer: Rio Earth Summit
6. The fourth pillar of the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Answer: Cultural Diversity
7. Reduce encroachment upon nature.
Answer: Sustainability Principle
8. Good health and Well-being
Answer: UN SDG #3
9. Clean water and sanitation
Answer: UN SDG #6
10. Climate Action
Answer: UN SDG #13
11. UN SDG's apply to every nation … and every sector. Cities, businesses, schools,
12. Keep within the Earth’s carrying capacity.
Answer: Principles of Sustainability Society
13. Which of the following is a Sustainability Principles?
Answer: Meet human needs fairly and efficiently
14. It is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
15. It is an unfolding of human potentials for meaningful participation in economic,
social, political and cultural process and institutions, so that people can improve
their conditions.
Answer: Development
QUIZ NO. 8 (9/15)
1. Global citizenship as self-awareness and awareness of others.
Answer: True
2. A global citizen think about causes and consequences of justice and inequalities.
Answer: False
3. Global citizenship as participation in the social and political life of one’s
community.
Answer: True
4. Global citizenship as the cultivation of principled decision-making.
Answer: True
5. Citizen 1.0-3.0 want to believe that their group or their country is right and
others, therefore, must be wrong.
Answer: False
6. A global citizen is outraged by social justice.
Answer: False
7. Global citizenship entails an awareness of the independence of individuals and
systems and a sense of responsibility that follow from it.
Answer: False
8. Global citizenship as a choice and a way of life.
Answer: False
9. Multicentric
Answer: Citizen 4.0
10. Sociocentric
Answer: Citizen 3.0
11. It is a membership of a body politic.
Answer: patriotism
12. It is a membership of a particular race or ethnic group
Answer: citizen
13. Ideocentric
Answer: Citizen 1.0
14. With the interconnected and dependent nature of our world, the global is not
‘out there’, it is part of our everyday lives, as we are linked to others on every
continent.
Answer: True
15. It refers to the act of a city or a local authority declaring itself a “world citizen”
city, by voting a charter stating its awareness of global problems and its sense of
shared responsibility.
Answer: Early use of mondialisation
GOD IS WATCHING…
*The UN SDG’s were negotiated over a five-year period at the United Nations – FALSE
*Which of the following does not belong to the group? – DEFORESTATION

-Match the description in the left column to the terms in the right column.
*1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. – RIO EARTH SUMMIT
*Reduce encroachment upon nature. – SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLES
*Climate Action – UN SDG #13
*Good health and Well-being – UN SDG #3
*The fourth pillar of the UN Sustainable Development Goals – CULTURAL DIVERSITY
*Keep within the Earth’s carrying capacity. – PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE SOCIETY
*UN SDG’s is widely recognized that achieving these Goals involves making very big, fundamental
changes in how we live on Earth – TRANSFORMATION
*UN SDG’s apply to every nation … and every sector. Cities, business, schools, organizations, all are
challenged to act. – UNIVERSALITY
*Clean water and sanitation- UN SDG #6
*Decent Work and Economic Growth – UN SDG #8
*It is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs. – SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
*Which of the following is a Sustainability Principles? – MEET HUMAN NEEDS FAIRLY AND
EFFICIENTLY
*It is an unfolding of human potentials for meaningful participation in economic, social, political and
cultural process and institutions, so that people can improve their conditions. – DEVELOPMENT
STUDY SMART
GLOBAL DIVIDES:
THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH
CHED TRAINING OF TRAINERS:
THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD / ANG KASALUKUYANG DAIGDIG
GRACE C. MAGALZO-BUALAT
UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS
QUIZ PART I. Q & A
1. GLOBAL INTERCONNECTEDNESS IS WOVEN INTO THE FABRIC OF EVERYDAY LIFE. True
2. THE ECONOMIC NORMS THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES APPLIES TO ITSELF ARE
NEVER THE SAME AS THOSE IT IMPOSES ON THE DEVELOPING WORLD. THIS MAKES
GLOBALIZATION AN EVEN PROCESS. False
3. GLOBALIZATION CREATES BOTH AFFLUENCE AND POVERTY. True

4. AS GLOBAL PROBLEMS INTENSIFY, IT BECOMES MORE AND MORE NECESSARY FOR
PEOPLE IN THE NORTH TO SUPPORT ALTERNATIVES FROM THE SOUTH. True
5. DRAWING LINES BETWEEN THE GLOBAL SOUTH AND THE GLOBAL NORTH, THE
DEVELOPED AND THE DEVELOPING, THE FIRST AND THE THIRD WORLD, HAS NO
POWERFUL POLITICAL FUNCTION. False
QUIZ PART II. IDENTIFICATION
6. THE PROCESS OF RAPID EXPANSION AND INTENSIFICATION OF SOCIAL
RELATIONS ACROSS-TIME AND WORLD-SPACE. Globalization
7. A METAPHOR FOR INTERSTATE INEQUALITY, FLUID AND EVOLVING. Global South
8. ACCORDING TO ROSTOW, THIS OUTLINES HISTORICAL PROGRESS IN TERMS
Modernization
OF SOCIETY’S CAPACITY TO PRODUCE AND CONSUME MATERIAL GOODS. Theory
9. ACCORDING TO HUNTINGTON, THIS IS THE MAIN SOURCE OF CONFLICT IN
THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD, REHASHES MANY OF COLONIAL
STEREOTYPES ASSOCIATED WITH SO-CALLED BACKWARD CIVILIZATIONS. Clash of
Civilizations
10.THIS THEORY, ESPOUSED BY FUKUYAMA, TALKS ABOUT THE COMPLETE
TRIUMPH OF WESTERN CAPITALISM AND LIBERALISM TURNING THE WEST End of
INTO THE TELOS OF POLITICAL ORGANIZATION, WHICH ALL MUST ASPIRE TO. History
GLOBAL DIVIDES:
CHED TRAINING OF TRAINERS:

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD / ANG KASALUKUYANG DAIGDIG
GRACE C. MAGALZO-BUALAT
UNIVERSITY OF SAN CARLOS
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
•TO DEFINE THE TERM “GLOBAL SOUTH;
•TO DIFFERENTIATE THE GLOBAL SOUTH
FROM THE THIRD WORLD; AND
•TO ANALYZE DIFFERENT CONCEPTIONS /
LENSES OF GLOBAL RELATIONS.
I. DEFINITION: GLOBAL SOUTH
Socio-
economic
Africa and political
divide
Refers to
Latin
developing America
countries
Developing Located
Asia
including
primarily in
Middle the southern
East
hemisphere WORLD MAP SHOWING THE MODERN DEFINITION OF THE NORTH-SOUTH DIVIDE
II. THE GLOBAL NORTH VS. THE GLOBAL SOUTH
Global North Global South
Home to all the members of the G8 &
to four of the five permanent
members of the UN Security Council Africa, Latin America
USA, Canada,
Western Europe
Developing Asia including Middle

Developed parts of Asia, Australia East
and New Zealand
III. CONCEPTIONS OF GLOBAL RELATIONS
• MAJOR PREMISE: THE UNDERDEVELOPMENT OF
CERTAIN STATES/PEOPLES AND THEIR LACK OF
REPRESENTATION IN GLOBAL POLITICAL PROCESS IS A
REALITY
• PREVALENT: IMBALANCES OF AGGREGATE ECONOMIC
AND POLITICAL POWER BETWEEN STATES
• INTERSTATE DIMENSION
• THE STARBUCKS AND THE SHANTY:
• SPACES OF UNDERDEVELOPMENT IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
MAY MIRROR THE POVERTY OF THE GLOBAL SOUTH, AND
SPACES OF AFFLUENCE IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD MIRROR
THOSE OF THE GLOBAL NORTH
• “THE GLOBAL SOUTH IS EVERYWHERE, BUT IT IS ALSO
SOMEWHERE, AND THAT SOMEWHERE, LOCATED AT THE
INTERSECTION OF ENTANGLED POLITICAL GEOGRAPHIES OF
DISPOSSESSION AND REPOSSESSION
MAJOR LENSES: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
REALISM LIBERALISM/CONSTRUCTIVISM
North vs. South
MARXISM POST MODERNISM

• GLOBALISM (STEGER): GLOBAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION IS NOT
ONLY INEVITABLE GIVEN THE RISE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES; IT IS,
MORE IMPORTANTLY, A NORMATIVE INTERNATIONAL GOAL. TO
NOT PARTAKE TO GLOBALITY IS BACKWARDS
• CIVILIZATION DISCOURSE: DOMINANT IDEOLOGY OF COLONIALISM
AND THE LOGIC THAT SHAPED THE BIRTH OF THE INTERNATIONAL
ORDER
• MODERNIZATION THEORY (ROSTOW): OUTLINED HISTORICAL
PROGRESS IN TERMS OF A SOCIETY’S CAPACITY TO PRODUCE
AND CONSUME MATERIAL GOODS
• CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS (HUNTINGTON): A CLASH OF CIVILIZATION IS
THE MAIN SOURCE OF CONFLICT IN THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD
• END OF HISTORY (FUKUYAMA): THE COMPLETE TRIUMPH OF WESTERN
CAPITALISM AND LIBERALISM TURNS THE WEST INTO THE TELOS OF
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION, WHICH ALL MUST ASPIRE TO
• THE LEXUS (FRIEDMAN): GLOBAL PROGRESS IN TERMS OF A BINARY
BETWEEN EMBRACING FREE TRADE AND BEING LEFT BEHIND BY THE
PACE OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENTS. THE ALTERNATIVE TO LEXUS IS STAGNATION, MAKING
INJUNCTION TO GLOBALIZE AN IMPERATIVE IN THE QUEST FOR GLOBAL
MODERNITY
• CHALLENGING THE GLOBAL ORDER:
• LENIN: CAPITALISM’S STRENGTH IS PREMISED ON THE
CREATION OF NEW MARKETS VIA IMPERIALISM
• SUKARNO: COLONIALISM HAS ALSO ITS MODERN DRESS, IN
THE FORM OF ECONOMIC CONTROL, INTELLECTUAL CONTROL,
ACTUAL PHYSICAL CONTROL BY A SMALL BUT ALIEN
COMMUNITY WITHIN A NATION. IT IS A SKILLFUL AND
DETERMINED ENEMY, IT APPEARS IN MANY GUISES
• THIRD WORLDISM: BEGAN AS COMMON RESISTANCE TO NEW
FORMS OF COLONIALISM
CONCLUSION
• THE SOUTH CONTINUES TO BE GLOBALIZED
• THE GLOBAL SOUTH HAS PROVIDED MODELS OF RESISTANCE FOR THE
WORLD
• AS GLOBAL PROBLEMS INTENSIFY, IT BECOMES MORE AND MORE
NECESSARY FOR PEOPLE IN THE NORTH TO SUPPORT ALTERNATIVES
FROM THE SOUTH
• EMPHASIS ON THE STATE AND INTERSTATE POLITICS REMAINS
POLITICALLY AND ANALYTICALLY RELEVANT MOST ESPECIALLY IN
ADDRESSING GLOBAL INEQUALITIES
BREAK-OUT SESSION
•CRAFT A LEARNING
ACTIVITY THAT WOULD
ALLOW THE STUDENTS
TO TACKLE AND
ADDRESS THESE
QUESTIONS.
ASSESSMENT
• CONTENT
• RELEVANCE
• STUDENT CENTERED
• INNOVATIVENESS
REFERENCES
•REQUIRED READING:
•STEGER, MANFRED B., BATTERSY, PAUL, AND
SIRACUSA, JOSEPH (2014). THE SAGE
HANDBOOK OF GLOBALIZATION. THOUSAND
OAKS: SAGE PUBLICATION. PP. 187-199.
GLOBAL DIVIDES:
THANK YOU!

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Global interconnectedness is woven into the fabric of everyday life. True

Answer: Cebu Declaration

In what particular place in Southeast Asia created their own currency?

Answer: Santi Suk, Thailand

What country promotes the East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere?

What state was the last to become a member of ASEAN?

Integration based largely on the principle of non-interference or intervention in domestic matters.

What school of thought claims Asia is a springboard to globalization?

Answer: Generative View

Answer: 19th Century

What regional organization practices supranationalism?

Answer: European Union

Answer: Narciso Ramos

Which of the following best describes the externalist view on regionalism?

Answer: Asian Financial Crisis in 1997

Answer: European Union

Western beliefs advocate a belief in reincarnation or rebirth.

Cultural globalization requires an organizational infrastructure.

No globalization without media.

The way of life.

Answer: Print Media

It refers to cooperation or entities globally engaged in media production and/or distribution.

Answer: Global media

The main means of mass communication.

Newspapers or journalists viewed collectively.

It refers to a community formed by like-minded individuals bound by common interests, shared

Answer: Imagined community

It refers to an international community formed by constant interaction between citizens of various

Sacred writings of Christianity.

Time is viewed in cycles.

Answer: Eastern beliefs

Humans must enter into an interpersonal relationship with God.

Answer: Western Beliefs

Answer: Broadcast Media

Answer: World Religion

Answer: Demographic Transition

Which of the following does not belong to the group?

The growth of International governmental organizations (IGO’s) resulting in international movements of

The following are the pillars for sustainable development. Except:

Answer: human development

Population movements across national borders.

Answer: International Migration

World Commission on Environment and Development

Answer: Bruntland Commission

The following are features of population movement, except:

Answer: increasing portion of men??

Answer: Population Mobility

Answer: Sustainable Development

Answer: Montreal Protocol

*Which of the following does not belong to the group? – DEFORESTATION

3. GLOBALIZATION CREATES BOTH AFFLUENCE AND POVERTY. True

CHED TRAINING OF TRAINERS:

Developing Asia including Middle

North vs. South

MARXISM POST MODERNISM

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