ASME,ISO & IBR

CODES & STDS,

OVERVIEW.
Prepared & compiled By
KG.PANDITHAN,IWE
E.DASSPRAKASH,ME(Welding),
P.GUNASEKARAN,ME(Welding),
A.AKASH,ME(Welding).
RIBO INDUSTRY P LTD.
ASME BACKGROUND
• Founded: 1880
• 120,000 individual members; no corporate members
• <400 staff
• Not-for-profit organization
• Focused on technical, educational and research issues
• One of the world’s largest technical publishing operations
• Holds numerous technical conferences worldwide
• Offers professional development courses
• Sets internationally recognized industrial and manufacturing codes and
standards that enhance public welfare and safety
 THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERS
• Organization started in 1880 by a small group of leading industrialists
• Has over 140,000 members in the society
• One of the worlds largest technical publishing operations

SA & SB – No signifIcant meaning. When ASME developed, they adopted the standard from ASTM &
AWS, etc. For ASTM, suffix A is already there (ex: A 516 GR 70). To differentiate for ASTM,
ASME added suffix S (ex: SA 516 GR 70).
SFA - It also come under material. When ASME developed, they adopted from AWS. For AWS,
suffix A is already there(A 5.1). Suffix SA also Already there to ASME. So differentiate
from , ASTM, AWS, ASME added suffix F in Between S & A (ex: SFA 5.1)
 ASME BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CODE

ASME’s BPVC is a truly international set of standards:

• Recognized by 116 countries

• Helps foster international sales while mitigating trade barriers

• Supports manufacturers, whose products house its stamp, in their product’s use
across these many regions

• Allows companies, who build to the Code and use the ASME stamp, to demonstrate
their commitment to both safety & quality

5
WHO CREATES STANDARDS?
• The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• Central clearing house and coordinating body for Standards Development
Organizations (SDO)
• Professional Societies - such as ASME, ASCE and SAE
• Trade associations - such as API and AGA
• Testing and certifying organizations - such as UL
• Organizations whose main business is standards development - such as ASTM, NFPA, and
ISO
 ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
BPVC is continuously evolving, providing essential rules & requirements
across new materials, applications and technologies, including:

• Safety rules & guidelines for new construction of Nuclear and Non-
Nuclear pressure devices

• Material properties and specifications for construction,

including ferrous & nonferrous materials

• Customary and metric measurements

• Proper care and maintenance requirements for Nuclear and Non-

Nuclear pressure devices

• Design and construction criteria across devices & components

6
 ASME
ASME’s codes and standards are used and developed throughout the
world by enterprises of all sizes, ranging from small- and medium-size
businesses, in developed and developing nations, to large, multi-
national corporations.
• Manufacturers
• Facility owners
• Plant operators
• Designers
• Constructors
• Inspection bodies
• Insurers
• Research institutes
2 • Local and national government
ASME CODES &
STANDARDS
Safety
❖ Nuclear ❖ A17 Elevators and Escalators
❖ Nuclear Codes and
Standards, Sections III & XI ❖ B20 Safety Standards for conveyors and
❖ Standards committee on Cranes related equipment
for Nuclear facilities ❖ Rail Transit Vehicle Standard Committee

❖ Pressure Technology
❖ BPVC Sections I, II, IV, V, VIII, IX, X, Standardization & Testing
XII ❖ Y14 Engineering Drawings and related
❖ B31 Code documents
❖ Bioprocessing Equipment (BPE)
❖ EA Industrial Energy Assessment
Standards Committee
❖ Performance Test Codes
3
SAFETY
➢ After the Grover Shoe Factory, Massachusetts took the monumental step and established
a 5 man Board of Boiler Rules.

➢ ASME formed the Boiler Code Committee in 1911.

➢ Published the first edition of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) in 1915

➢ Today, BPVC is incorporated into laws in most states, US territories, and Canadian
providences.

EFFICIENCY
➢ Use of standards reduces the time in developing proven technology
➢ Standards provide a common language for all stakeholders
 BOILER & PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
Errata
➢ Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee
Pages to provide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or
grammatical errors in code and standard. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.
➢ On the Committee Page there is an option available to automatically receive an e-
mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.

Code Cases
➢ Code Cases are published on the ASME website under the Committee Pages as they are
issued. And are included with each edition.

Interpretations
➢ ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical
aspects of this Standard. And are included with each edition.

➢ Code Cases and Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the
Committee Pages: http://cstools.asme.org/
30
 BPVC CERTIFICATION(STAMP)
Section I Section VIII Division 1
• S - Power Boilers • U - Pressure Vessels
• A - Assembly of Power Boilers • UM - Miniature Pressure Vessels
• E - Electric Boilers • UV - Pressure Vessel Pressure Relief Valves
• M - Miniature Boiler • UD - Pressure Vessel Pressure Relief Devices
• PP - Pressure Piping • PRT - Parts Fabrication Pressure Vessels
• V - Boiler Pressure Relief Valves
• PRT - Parts Fabrication Heating Boilers Section VIII Division 2
• U2 - Pressure Vessels (Alternative Rules
Section IV for Pressure Vessels
• H - Heating Boilers/Cast Iron
Sectional Heating Boiler Section VIII Division 3
• HLW - Lined Potable Water Heaters • U3 - High Pressure Vessels
• HV - Heating Boiler Safety Valves • UV3 - HP Vessel Pressure Relief Valves
• PRT - Parts Fabrication Pressure Vessels • UD3 - HP Vessel Pressure Relief Devices
Section X • RTP - Reinforced Plastic Vessels
• RP - Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Vessels Transports Tank

Section XII
• T - Transport Tanks
• TV - Transport Tanks Pressure Relief Valves
• TD - Transport Tanks Pressure Relief Devices 8
• PRT - Parts Fabrication
 U & UM Certifications

• BPVC Section II-Materials-Part A-Ferrous Materials Specifications (2

Volumes)

• BPVC Section II-Materials-Part B-Nonferrous Material Specifications

• BPVC Section II-Materials Part C-Specifications for Welding Rods

Electrodes and FillerMetals

• BPVC Section II-Materials-Part D-Properties-(Customary or Metric)

• BPVC Section V-Nondestructive Examination

• BPVC Section VIII-Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Division 1

• BPVC Section IX- Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications

• CA-1 Conformity Assessment Requirements

12
THE ASME PRESSURE PIPING CODE (B31)
• B31.1 - Power Piping
• B31.2 – Fuels Gas Piping
• B31.3 - Process Piping
• B31.4 - Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other
Liquids
• B31.5 - Refrigeration Piping
• B31.8 - Gas Transportation and Distribution Piping
• B31.9 - Building Services Piping
• B31.11 - Slurry Transportation Piping Systems
• B31.12 - hydrogen piping
• B31G - Manual for Determining Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines
PUBLICATION OF CODE BOOK

❖ New edition shall be released once in Two year(June)

❖ For first 6 months to be practiced this with new edition
❖ After 6 month, all changes in New edition shall become mandatory.
 Referring
code
Sec XII

Referring Referring
code code
Sec XI Sec I

Reference code
SEC II-A,B,C,D
SEC-V
SEC-IX

Sec VII Sec III & IV

Referring Referring
code code
Sec VI
Referring
code

UNLESS REFERRING CODE REFERS THE REFERENCE CODE, REFERENCE CODE DO NOT HAVE ANY VALUE
 SECTION I POWER BOILERS

Section I provides requirements for all methods of construction of power, electric and miniature
boilers; high temperature water boilers used in stationary service; and power boilers used in:
• Locomotive
• Portable
• Traction service

The rules are applicable to boilers in which steam or other vapor is generated at pressures
exceeding 15 psig, and high temperature water boilers intended for operation at pressures
exceeding
160 psig and/or temperatures exceeding 250◦ Fahrenheit.

13
I. POWER BOILERS

This Section provides requirements for all methods of construction of :

• power, electric, and miniature boilers;
• high temperature water boilers used in stationary service; and power boilers used in
locomotive, portable, and traction service.
• Boilers Fabricated by Welding;
• Boilers Fabricated by Riveting (by reference only);
• Water tube Boilers;
• Fire tube Boilers;
• Feed water Heaters;
• Miniature Boilers;
• Electric Boilers;
• Organic Fluid Vaporizer Generators.
II. MATERIALS

• Part A-Ferrous Material Specifications

• Part B-Nonferrous Material Specifications
• Part C-Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
• Part D-Properties
III. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR
FACILITY COMPONENTS
• DIVISION 1
• Subsection NB- Class 1 Components
• Subsection NC- Class 2 Components
• Subsection ND- Class 3 Components
• Subsection NE- Class MC Components
• Subsection NF - Supports
• Subsection NG - Core Support Structures
• Subsection NH - Class 1 Components in Elevated Temperature Service
• DIVISION 2
• Code for Concrete Containments
• DIVISION 3
• Containments for Transportation and Storage
 SECTION IV RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
HEATING BOILERS
Section IV provides requirements for the design, fabrication, installation and inspection of steam
heating, hot water heating, hot water supply boilers and potable water heaters, intended for low-
pressure service and that are directly fired by oil, gas, electricity, coal or other solid or liquid
fuels.

Section IV contains appendices that cover:

• Submission of new materials for approval
• Definitions relating to boiler design and welding
• Quality control systems
• Methods along with examples of
o Checking safety-valve and safety-relief-valve capacity
o Calculation and computation

14
V. NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION

• Requirements and methods for nondestructive examination which are

referenced and required by other code Sections.
• It also includes manufacturer's examination responsibilities, duties of
authorized inspectors and requirements for qualification of personnel,
inspection and examination.
• Examination methods are intended to detect surface and internal
discontinuities in materials, welds, and fabricated parts and components.
• A glossary of related terms is included.
 SECTION VI RECOMMENDED RULES FOR THE
CARE AND OPERATION OF HEATING BOILERS
This Section covers general descriptions, terminology and operation guidelines
applicable to steel and cast-iron boilers that are limited to the operating ranges of
Section IV Heating Boilers.

Section VI includes:
• Guidelines for associated controls and automatic fuel burning
equipment
• Illustrations showing typical examples of available equipment.
• A glossary of terms commonly associated with boilers, controls and fuel burning
equipment

15
 SECTION VII RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES
FOR THE CARE OF POWER BOILERS
This Section provides recommended guidelines to promote safety in the use of power boilers.
The term “power boiler”, in this Section, includes stationary, portable and traction-type boilers,
but does not include locomotive and high-temperature-water boilers, nuclear power-plant
boilers, heating boilers, pressure vessels or marine boilers. Emphasis has been placed on
industrial type
boilers because of their extensive use.

Section VII includes:

• Guidelines to assist those directly responsible for operating, maintaining and

inspecting power boilers.

• Operation of auxiliary equipment and appliance guidelines that affect the safe and
reliable operation of power boilers.

16
 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 1
RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS
➢ Division 1 is very important from a design perspective because of the compulsory
requirements, specific prohibitions, and impulsive, guidelines for materials, design,
fabrication, inspection, and testing, markings and reports, overpressure protection, and
certification of pressure vessels having an indoor or external pressure more than 15 psi
(100 kPa)

➢ The Division isn’t numbered within the traditional method (Part 1, Part 2, etc.) but is
structured with Subsections and Parts, which contains letters followed by variety.

“Design-by-Rule” philosophy

17
 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2 ALTERNATIVE RULES FOR
CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE VESSELS
• Division 2 provides requirements applicable to the design, fabrication, inspection, testing, and
certification of pressure vessels operating at either internal or external pressures exceeding 15
psig.

• This pressure may be obtained from an external source or by the application of heat from a direct or
indirect source, or any combination thereof.

• These rules provide an alternative to the minimum requirements for pressure vessels under Division 1
rules. These rules may also apply to human occupancy pressure vessels typically in the diving industry.

• Both “Design-by-Rule” and “Design-by-Analysis” (a methodical approach for demonstrating the

adequacy of a pressure vessel component design. It provides detailed rules for performing analyses.)
philosophy

18
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SECTION VIII
DIVISION 1 & 2
ASME Section VIII, Division 2 is intended for purpose-specific vessels with a defined fixed location.
Another major difference between the Division 1 and Division 2 lies in failure theory.
While Division 1 is based on normal stress theory, Division 2 is based on maximum distortion
energy.

von Mises Distortion Energy Theory (1913). In this theory failure by yielding occurs when at any point in the
body ,the distortion energy per unit volume in a state of combined stress becomes equal to that associated
with yielding in a simple tension test.

19
 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 3 ALTERNATIVE RULES FOR
CONSTRUCTION OF HIGH-PRESSURE VESSELS
➢ Provides requirements applicable to the design, fabrication, inspection, testing, and
certification of pressure vessels operating at either internal or external pressures generally
above 10,000 psi.

➢ Division 3 rules cover vessels intended for a specific service and installed in a fixed location or
relocated from work site to work site between pressurizations.

➢ Division 3 does not establish maximum pressure limits for either Section VIII, Divisions 1 or 2.

20
IX. WELDING AND BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS
• Rules relating to the qualification of welding and brazing procedures as required by other Code Sections
for component manufacture.
• Covers rules relating to the qualification and re-qualification of welders, brazers, and welding and
brazing operators in order that they may perform welding or brazing as required by other Code Sections
in the manufacture of components.
• General Welding Requirements
• Welding Procedure Qualifications;
• Welding Performance Qualifications;
• Welding Data;
• Welding Forms;
• General Brazing Requirements
• Brazing Procedure Qualifications;
• Brazing Performance Qualifications;
• Brazing Data;
• Brazing Forms.
X. FIBER-REINFORCED PLASTIC PRESSURE VESSELS

• Requirements for construction of an FRP pressure vessel in

conformance with a manufacturer's design report.
• It includes production, processing, fabrication, inspection
and testing methods required for the vessel.
XI. RULES FOR IN-SERVICE INSPECTION OF NUCLEAR
POWER PLANT COMPONENTS

• Rules for the examination,

• in-service testing and inspection,

• and repair and replacement of components and systems in light-water cooled and liquid-
metal cooled nuclear power plants.
XII. RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONTINUED SERVICE OF
TRANSPORT TANKS

• Requirements for construction and continued service of pressure vessels for

the transportation of dangerous goods via highway, rail, air or water at
pressures from full vacuum to 3,000 psig and volumes greater than 120
gallons.
 ASME SEC IX – PQR
➢ The procedure qualification record (PQR) documents what occurred during the production of a procedure
qualification test coupon and the results of testing that coupon.
➢ The personnel who produce test joints for procedure qualification shall be under the full supervision and control
of the qualifying organization during the production of these test joints. The persons producing test joints for the
qualification of procedures shall be either direct employees or shall be personally engaged by contract for
material-joining services, except as permitted in QG-106.4.
➢ Production of qualification test joints under the supervision and control of another organization is not permitted,
except as permitted in QG-106.4. However, it is permitted to subcontract any or all of the work necessary for
preparing the materials to be joined, the subsequent work for preparing test specimens from the completed test
joint, and the performance of nondestructive examination and mechanical tests, provided the organization
accepts full responsibility for any such work.
➢ If the effective operational control of procedure qualifications for two or more companies of different names
exists under the same corporate ownership, the companies involved shall describe in their quality programs the
operational control of procedure qualifications. In this case, separate procedure qualifications are not required,
provided all other requirements of this Section are met.
 ASME SEC IX – PQR
➢ The PQR shall be certified accurate by the organization. The organization may not subcontract the
adopt a new filler metal under an established F‐Number. This may permit, depending on the particular
construction Code requirements, an organization to use other filler metals that fall within that particular
F‐Number where, prior to the Code revision, the organization was limited to the particular electrode
classification that was used during qualification. Additional information can be incorporated into a PQR at a
later date provided the information is substantiated as having been part of the original qualification
condition by lab record or similar data. All changes to a PQR require recertification (including date) by the
organization.
Certification Function
➢ Changes to the PQR. Changes to the PQR are not permitted except as described below. Editorial corrections
or addenda to the PQR are permitted. An example of an editorial correction is an incorrect P‐Number,
F‐Number, or A‐Number that was assigned to a particular base metal or filler metal. An example of an
addendum would be a change resulting from a Code change. For example, Section IX may assign a new
F‐Number to a filler metal or
 ASME SEC IX – PQR
➢ Each material joining process that has been evaluated and adopted by Section IX is listed
separately with the essential and nonessential variables as they apply to that particular process.
In general, the Procedure Specifications are required to list all essential and nonessential
variables for each process that is included under that particular procedure specification.
➢ When an essential variable must be changed beyond the range qualified and the change is not an
editorial
➢ revision to correct an error, requalification of the procedure specification is required If a change
is made in a nonessential variable, the procedure need only be revised or amended to address
the nonessential variable change.
➢ When toughness testing is required for Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) qualification by
the referencing code, standard, or specification, the supplementary essential variables become
additional essential variables, and a change in these variables requires requalification of the WPS.
➢ NDT(its not mandatory) maybe done on the based on our requirement to verify the weld
soundness.
➢ DT (Mandatory) Qualification of the procedure specification demonstrates the mechanical
properties of the joint made using a joining process, and not the skill of the person using the
joining process.
➢ Non mandatory Forms for documenting procedure and performance qualifications are
provided for the aid of those who do not wish to design their own forms. Any form(s) that
address all applicable requirements of Section IX may be used.
 ASME SEC IX – PQR
Destructive testing
➢ The tensile strength of the test specimen shall not be less than the corresponding specified
minimum value for the parent metal unless otherwise specified prior to testing.
➢ For dissimilar parent metal joints, the tensile strength shall not be less than the minimum
value specified for the parent material having the lowest tensile strength.
➢ For dissimilar metal joints or heterogeneous butt joints in plates, one root and one face
longitudinal bend test specimen may be used instead of four transverse bend tests.
➢ During testing, the test specimens shall not reveal any imperfection >3 mm in any direction.
Imperfections appearing at the corners of a test specimen during testing shall be ignored in
the evaluation.
ACTIVITY RESULT PARTY INVOLVED
Development of the procedure - Manufacturer
Qualification by any method PQR including the range of Manufacturer
validity based on SEC IX of
qualification
Finalization of procedure WPS based on this PQR manufacturer
Release for production Approved WPS on work manufacturer
instruction
 ASME SEC –IX
WELDING VARIABLES
Essential Variables.
➢ Essential variables are those in which a change, as described in the specific variables, is
considered to affect the mechanical properties of the weldment and therefore shall require
requalification of the WPS.
➢ Supplementary essential variables are required for metals for which the referencing code,
standard, or specification requires toughness tests and are in addition to the essential variables
for each welding process. When toughness requirements are invoked by a referencing code,
standard, or specification, the supplementary essential variables are applicable to both groove
and fillet welds.
Nonessential Variables.

➢ Nonessential variables are those in which a change, as described in the specific variables, may
be made in the WPS without requalification.

How to addressed Variables

➢ NA-Not mentioned in variable table

➢ None-mentioned variable table but not used.
 ASME SEC –IX
Contents of the WPS.
➢ The completed WPS shall describe all the essential, nonessential, and, when required,
supplementary essential variables for each welding process used in the WPS. These
variables are listed for each process in QW-250 and are defined in Article IV, Welding
Data.
➢ The WPS shall reference the supporting Procedure Qualification Record(s) (PQR).
➢ Format of the WPS. The information required to be in the WPS may be in any format,
written or tabular, to fit the needs of each organization, as long as every essential,
nonessential, and, when required, supplementary essential variables outlined in QW-
250 is included or referenced.
 ASME SEC –IX
PERFORMANCE
➢ The purpose of qualifying the person who will use a joining process is to demonstrate that person’s ability to produce
a sound weld when using a procedure specification. These articles list separately the various processes with the
essential variables that apply to the performance qualifications of each process. The performance qualifications are
limited by essential variables
➢ a welder or welding operator may be qualified by mechanical bending tests, or volumetric NDE of a test coupon, or
the initial production weld
➢ The personnel who produce test joints for performance qualification shall be tested under the full supervision and
control of the qualifying organization.
➢ Production of test joints under the supervision and control of another organization is not permitted. It is permitted to
subcontract any or all of the work necessary for preparing the materials to be joined in the test joint, and the
subsequent work for preparing test specimens from the completed test joint, and the performance of nondestructive
examination and mechanical tests, provided the organization accepts full responsibility for any such work.
➢ The performance qualification test may be terminated at any stage, whenever it becomes apparent to the supervisor
conducting the tests that the person being tested does not have the required skill to produce satisfactory results.
 RE-TESTING

➢ If the test piece fails to comply with any of the requirements for NDT, one further test
piece shall be welded and subjected to the same examination. If this additional test
piece does not comply with the requirements, the welding procedure test has failed.
Alternatively, an analysis may be performed to determine the main cause of the
defect.
➢ If it is established that the main cause of failure is not procedure-related and due to
insufficient welder’s skill, no additional test piece is needed and a report of the
evidence shall be added to the report.
ISO - INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
FOR STANDARDIZATION
 QUALITY REQUIREMENTS FOR
FUSION WELDING OF METALLIC
MATERIALS

EN/ISO 12952 EN/ISO 1090

WATER TUBE BOILERS EXECUTION OF STEEL STURCTURES
(PRODUCT) & AL STRUCTURES (PRODUCT)

EN/ISO 3834
FUSION WELDING

EN/ISO 13445
EN/ISO 12732
UNFIRED PRESSURE VESSELS
GAS SUPPLY SYSTEM (PRODUCT)
(PRODUCT)

EN/ISO 15085
RAILWAY APPLICATION
(PRODUCT)
ISO 3834
DETAILS OF THE STANDARDS DEALING WITH SPECIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF WELDING
PROCEDURES
ELECTRON LASER
SL. ARC GAS RESISTANCE STUD FRICTION
PROCESS BEAM BEAM
NO WELDING WELDING WELDING WELDING WELDING
WELDING WELDING

1 GENERAL RULES EN ISO 15607

GUIDELINES FOR
2 GROUPING CR ISO/TR 15608 NOT APPLIED CR ISO/TR 15608
SYSTEM
ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO ISO
3 Pwps/ WPS
15609-1 15609-2 15609-3 15609-4 15609-5 14555 15620

STANDARD
4 EN ISO 15612 NOT APPLIED
PROCEDURE

PRE-PRODUCTION ISO 15613 ISO 15613

5 EN ISO 15613
TEST ISO 14555 ISO 15620
Flow diagram for the development and qualification of a WPS
 DETAILS OF THE STANDARDS DEALING WITH SPECIFICATION & QUALIFICATION OF WELDING
PROCEDURES
ELECTRON LASER
SL. GAS RESISTANCE STUD FRICTION
PROCESS ARC WELDING BEAM BEAM
NO WELDING WELDING WELDING WELDING
WELDING WELDING

6 WELDING EN ISO 15614 EN ISO 15614 ISO 15614 ISO 15614 ISO ISO 15620
PROCEDURE 14555
TEST 1. Steel & Nickel 1. Steel & 7. Overlay welding 12. Spot, seam
(PQR) 2. Aluminum Nickel 11. Electron beam/ Laser & Projection
3. Cast iron 2. Cast iron beam 13. Flash &
4. Finishing 3. Copper Butt
welding of Al 4. Overlay
casting
5. Titanium/
Zirconium
6. Copper
7. Overlay
8. Tube to tube
sheet
 15608/20172,20173,74
Welding coordination 15609-1
Grouping system-Raw
ISO 14731 pWPS
material
NDT Personnel Welding position
ISO 9712 ISO 6947
Preheat & Interpass Welding process
ISO 13916 WPQR ISO 4063
ISO 15614-1 NDT- General rules
Recommendation for Steel & Nickel
welding EN 1011- ISO 17635
1,2/17671-2 Visual test
Destructive ISO 17637
Calibration Tensile ISO 4136
ISO 17662 Testing
RT ISO 17635/10675
Bend ISO 5173
Quality level for cutting
ISO 9013 UT ISO 17640/11666
Macro ISO 17639
Joint preparation Impact ISO 9016 MT ISO 17638/23278
ISO 9692- 1,2 & ISO 148-1
Quality level for fusion PT ISO 3452-1/23277
Hardness ISO
weld ISO 5817 9015-1
PWHT ISO 17663/14745
 CLASSIFICATION OF WELDING CONSUMABLES
Non-alloyed & High Creep SS & heat
Process
Fine grained Strength Resistance resistance

MMA ISO 2560 ISO 18275 ISO 3580 ISO 3581

MIG/MAG ISO 14341

ISO 16834 ISO 21952
TIG ISO 636
ISO 14343
SAW ISO 14171 ISO 26304 ISO 24598

Fluxes & SAW - ISO 14174 -

Shielding gas - ISO 14175 -

ISO 17633
Cored wires ISO 17632 ISO 18726 ISO 17634
 Welding personnel Qualification.

❖ Welding coordinator/Engineer/supervisors-ISO 14731.

❖ Welding Operator---- ISO 14732
❖ Welders----------------- ISO 9606-1
 ISO 15614 (WPQR)
➢ All new welding procedure tests are to be carried out in accordance with this document from
the date of its issue. However, this document does not invalidate previous welding procedure
tests made to former national standards or specifications or previous issues of this document
This document specifies how a preliminary welding procedure specification is qualified by
welding procedure tests.
➢ This document applies to production welding, repair welding and build-up welding. This
document defines the conditions for the execution of welding procedure tests and the range
of qualification for welding procedures for all practical welding operations within the
qualification of this document.
➢ The primary purpose of welding procedure qualification is to demonstrate that the joining
process proposed for construction is capable of producing joints having the required
mechanical properties for the intended application.
➢ Specification and qualification of welding procedures that were made in accordance with
previous editions of this document may be used for any application for which the current
edition is specified. In this case, the ranges of qualification of previous editions remain
applicable. It is also possible to create a new WPQR (welding procedure qualification record)
range of qualification according to this edition based on the existing qualified WPQR,
provided the technical intent of the testing requirements of this document has been satisfied.
Where additional tests have to be carried out to make the qualification technically equivalent,
it is only necessary to perform the additional test on a test piece.
 ISO 15614 (WPQR)

➢ The preliminary welding procedure specification shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 15609-1
or ISO 15609-2.
➢ The welder or welding operator who undertakes the welding procedure test satisfactorily in
accordance with this document is qualified according to the relevant national/international
standard being applied, provided that the relevant testing requirements of that standard are met.
➢ Preparation and welding of test pieces shall be carried out in accordance with the pWPS, which
they shall represent. Welding positions and limitations for the angle of slope and rotation of the
test piece shall be in accordance with ISO 6947. If tack welds are to be fused into the final joint,
they shall be included in the test piece.
➢ The welding and the testing of the test piece shall be verified by the examiner or examining body.
➢ NDT is mandatory.
➢ All NDT shall be carried out and acceptance test piece prior to cut test specimen. Discarding
portion not be considered for NDT.
➢ Prior to NDT, PWHT shall be carried out as applicable.
➢ For materials that are susceptible to hydrogen induced cracking and where no post-heating or no
PWHT is specified, non-destructive testing shall be delayed.
IBR - Indian Boiler Regulations
 IBR: A brief history

❖ A tragic boiler explosion in Calcutta in 1863 was the origin of the Indian Boiler
Regulation.
❖ A bill was passed by the Bengal Council in 1864 calling for the inspection of steam
boilers in and around Calcutta. Other Indian provinces followed, and eventually
the country decided on one uniform set of regulations and passed The Act in
1923.
❖ The regulations would cover not only inspections, but also the conditions for
material procurement. The Central Boilers Board was formed as a result of an
amendment in 1937.
❖ The latest version of the law is known as the Indian Boiler Regulation, 1950.
Amendments are issued from time to time.
 Key Terms
IBR:
Indian Boiler Regulations. The Act means the Boilers Act, 1923 as amended
from time to time.

CBB:
Central Boilers Board – India

Competent Person:
A person recognized in such a manner as may be prescribed by regulations
for inspection and certification of boilers and boiler components during
manufacture, erection and use.

DB:
Director of Boilers- India
 IBR certification process in brief
Design Review
1. Manufacturer contacts Inspecting Authority for approval of drawings,
design calculations of boiler or boiler components.
2. Inspecting Authority provides feedback and guidance on the design,
calculations and drawings to ensure they meet the IBR requirements.
3. After both the manufacturer and the Inspecting Authority
are satisfied, the documents are to be sent by the owners/ users to the CBB,
New Delhi and CIB of the Indian state in which the boiler or components will
be installed for final approval

Material inspection
Inspecting Authority inspects pressure part materials (plates, pipes, tubes, castings,
forgings fittings, standard parts, etc.) and after satisfactory inspection, certifies
materials on the relevant IBR forms.
 IBR certification process in brief
Pressure parts Inspection
1.The Inspecting Authority carries out stage inspections during the manufacture of a boiler or boiler
components as per Appendix J of the IBR-1950 with latest amendments.
2.Typical stages are:
a. Design review
b. Material identification
c. Review of material certification on IBR forms
d. Witness/review NDE
e. Review of heat treatment records
f. Witness production test coupons testing
g. Witness pressure test
h. Carry out visual and dimensional examination
i. Endorse manufacturer’s certification and issue Inspecting Authority certificate on IBR Form II
Qualification tests for welders
Welders engaged in the manufacture and site welding connected with erection and
fabrication and repair of boilers shall be qualified by a Competent Authority.
 What does the IBR cover?
The IBR covers the design, fabrication, inspection, testing and certification of:
❖ Boilers or any boiler part including feed piping and fittings or vessels
attached thereto
❖ Boiler components, meaning
➢ steam piping
➢ feed piping
➢ Economizer
➢ super heater
➢ valves, including safety valves
➢ any mounting or fitting or any external or internal part of a boiler which is
subjected to pressure
exceeding one Kg/cm square gauge
❖ Steam receivers, separators, steam traps, accumulators and similar vessels
❖ Heat exchangers, converters, evaporators and similar vessels in which steam
is generated
❖ Materials, e.g. forgings, castings, tubes, pipes, plates, welding consumables
Who needs to receive IBR certification for materials?
Any manufacturer of boiler or boiler components wishing to send them to India needs IBR certification. This
includes manufacturers in India as well.

What is an Inspecting Authority?

An agency recognized by the Central Boiler Board as an IBR certifying authority. Inspecting authorities
are heavily scrutinized by the Indian government. Inspecting Authorities are given certificates indicating
their approval; always ensure that a Competent Person is approved by the CBB. Not all Inspecting
Authorities are authorized to inspect in all countries. Inspecting
Authorities are required to sign off on many parts of the IBR certification process. For example, Lloyd’s
Register Verification Ltd. (LRV), a subsidiary of Lloyd’s Register Group, is recognized as an Inspecting
Authority globally; for operations in six Indian states, Lloyd’s
Register Asia has CBB approval. Our Competent Persons in India can undertake inspection as per IBR -
1950 during site installation and assembly of boiler or boiler components.

What is a Competent Authority?

An institution recognized in such a manner as may be prescribed by regulations for issue of certificate to
the welders for welding of boilers and boiler components. LRV is also recognized as a Competent Authority
outside of India.
What forms are needed for IBR boiler or component certification?
Boilers
Component certificates
 Welding
All welders working on boiler or their components for IBR must be certified to the IBR
Regulations.
❖ The CBB does not accept the work of welders qualified to any other code or standard.
❖ Welder qualifications must be done as per IBR Chapter XIII. Written and practical
examinations are required, as well as mechanical testing. Please note that IBR-1950 stipulates
different requirements for qualification of welders and the range for qualifications are also
quite different when compared to any other international Boiler Codes.
❖ The Competent Authority can witness the welder qualification tests and qualify the welder.
The qualification is good for two years, provided that the welder has been employed with
continuity on class and type of work for which he is qualified.
❖ A welder examined for IBR certification must answer questions on the following subjects,
either orally or otherwise:
➢ Weld preparation
➢ Elementary knowledge of welding equipment
➢ An understanding of properties of material to be welded
➢ Welding techniques
➢ Welding defects and their prevention
➢ Proper selection of filler metals
How does a welder get a certificate?
When the Competent Authority deems the welder has satisfactorily qualified, it then issues
certification on the IBR form XII and XIII indicating the class and type of welding in which the
welder has qualified
Common problems
Lloyd’s Register Competent Persons often see problems with:
❖ Design calculations not meeting requirements of IBR-1950 with amendments
❖ Specific IBR requirements concerning production test coupons
❖ Bend test requirements for materials
❖ Incorrect test pressures
❖ Failure to involve an Inspecting Authority in the case of deviations resolution
❖ Material sourcing with relevant IBR forms appears to be the major issue
❖ Incorrect/incomplete filling of relevant IBR forms
❖ Welder qualification and certification as per IBR-1950
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