DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS R.

V
RANDOM VARIABLES LESSON 1.1
variable - is any characteristic or
attribute of a population or sample
under study.
The word “random” describes
something that is without definite
aim, direction, rule, or method.
LESSON 1.2
Discrete R.V – can only take on
integral values
Continuous R.V – can take on any
real number values.
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION
LESSON 1.3

- X, is used to denote a
random variable,
- while the corresponding
lowercase letter x is used
to denote one of the
values of a random
variable.

Random variable – function that

associates a numerical value with
every outcome
MEAN OF A DISCRETE R.V
Sample space – domain of a R.V

Set of real numbers – Range of a

R.V
VARIANCE OF A DISCRETE R.V
LESSON 3.1
standard deviation of a discrete
random variable is expressed by
the formula below:
THE NORMAL CURVE
LESSON 3.3
The normal curve is also called the
Gaussian curve after the
mathematician Carl Friedrich
Gauss.
CONVERSION OF N.R.V
TO S.R.V LESSON 4.1
What is the Z-score of 40 in a math
test when the mean is 58 with a
standard deviation of 9?
PARAMETER,STATISTIC, AND
SAMPLING PLAN LESSON 5.1
Population is a group where
members have something in
common, that is, the total set of
observations that can be made.
• A sample is a smaller group or
subset of the population in
question.
• A parameter describes an entire
population.
• A statistic describes only the
sample.
Simple Random Sampling
The simplest way of getting
random sample where each
member of the population
has an equal chance of being
chosen as the sample.
Stratified Random Sampling

This involves selecting a simple

random sample from each of a
given number of

subpopulations proportionally.

Cluster Sampling

The population is first divided into

separate groups called clusters.

1-in-k Systematic Random

Sampling

This involves the random selection

of one of the first k elements in an
ordered population, and then the
systematic selection of every kth
element thereafter.

Multistage Sampling

Two or more probability

techniques are combined. It can be
described as sampling within the
sample.