Rev No.

CEER Automotive Project

Date
Designed by
Pipe section φ168x6
Typical bolt connection of truss diagonal web member Checked by
Input data:
Pipe properties: Section: φ168x6
material: A572GR50
Design load P: kN
Connection plate: Thickness of connection plate tp=: 16 mm
Connection plate material: A572GR50
height of splice connection lp= 660 mm
width of connection plate bp= 220 mm
Connection bolts: Diameter of bolts: 7/8 in
material: F2280
Column of bolts nx= 3
Row of bolts ny= 4
Edge distances of holes Lex= 40 mm
Edge distances of holes Ley= 40 mm
horizontal of holes Scx= 70 mm
Vertical pitch of holes Scy= 70 mm
c= 20 mm
Number of shear planes Ns= 1
Pipe welds: weld leg w: 12 mm
length of weld Lw: 350 mm
Nominal stress of the weld metal Fnw= 70 ksi
Angle between the direction of load and weld θ= 0 °

Results:
Pipe: Arrangement of bolts Spacing:
D= 168mm nx= 3 Lex= 40mm
t= 6mm ny= 4 Ley= 40mm
Pn = 965.8kN n= 12 Scx= 70mm
Scy= 70mm
Connection plate: Welds:
t p= 16mm w= 12mm
bp= 220mm Lw= 350mm
l p= 660mm

Maximal utilization factor for the whole connection: Umax= 1.255

1 / 7
Connection properties:
Section: φ168x6 Material: A572GR50
Information of
D= 168 mm Fy = 345 N/mm²
Pipe
t= 6 mm Fu= 450 N/mm²
Bolts: 0.875 Material: F2280
nx = 3 Fnv= 457 N/mm²
ny = 4 Fnt= 780 N/mm²
Information of n= 12 Lex= 40 mm
Connection bolts d= 7/8 in Ley = 40 mm
dn= 15/16 in Scx= 70 mm
c= 20 mm Scy= 70 mm
lp = 660 mm Material: A572GR50
Information of
bp = 220 mm Fy = 345 N/mm²
Connection plate
tp = 16 mm Fu= 450 N/mm²
Information of w= 12 mm Material: 70 ksi
Weld θ= 0 ° Lw = 350 mm

1. The design force

Pn= max(0.9FyAg,0.75FuAe)= 966 kN
Tensile yield Pn= 0.9FyAg= 948 kN
Ag= π(D²-d²)/4= 3054 mm2
Tensile fracture Pn= 0.9FuAe= 966 kN
Ae= π(D²-d²)/4-2(t*tp) 2862 mm2
2. Calculation the connection bolts strength
Ab= pi*d2/4= 387.9 mm2
Ns= 1
Rn= NsAbFnv= 177.3 kN
Φ= 0.75
ΦRn= 133.0 kN
rpy= Pn/n= 80.5 kN U=0.606 OK
3. Bearing strength at connection bolt holes
Φ= 0.75
Lc= 46 mm
AND Lc= 28 mm
t= tp 16 mm
Fu= 450 N/mm2
Standard hole:
Rn= min(1.2LctFu,2.4dtFu)= 384.0 kN
AND Rn= min(1.2LctFu,2.4dtFu)= 242.7 kN
ΦRn= 182.0 kN
n* ΦRn= 2184.6 kN U=0.443 OK
5.Connection plate
①Check connection plate tension yielding
Φ= 0.9
Ag= bp*tp= 3520 mm2
Fy= 345 N/mm2
ΦRn= ΦFyAg= 1093.0 kN U=0.884 OK
②Check connection plate tension rupture
Φ= 0.75
Ae= Ag-nx(dn+2)*tp= 2281 mm2
Fu= 450 N/mm2
Rn= FuAe= 1026.5 kN
ΦRn= 769.8 kN U=1.255 FALSE
③Block shear rupture strength of connection plate
Φ= 0.75
Fy= 345 N/mm2

2 / 7
 Fu= 450 N/mm2
Agv= ((ny-1)scy+Ley)*tp= 4000 mm2
Anv= Agv-(ny-0.5)(dn+2)tp= 2555 mm2
Ant= ((nx-1)Scx+Lex-(nx-0.5)(dn+2))*tp= 1848 mm2
Ubs= 1.0
0.6FuAnv= 689.7 kN
0.6FyAgv= 828.0 kN
UbsFuAnt= 831.4 kN
Rn= min(0.6FuAnv, 0.6FyAgv)+ UbsFuAnt=1521.1 kN
ΦRn= 1140.8 kN U=0.847 OK
6.Weld
Φ= 0.75
Fnw= 289.6 kN
Awe= 2970 mm2
Rn= FnwAwe 860.0 kN
4ΦRn= 2580.1 kN U=0.375 OK

3 / 7
Section D t Lw
φ159x5 159 5 300
φ168x6 168 6 350
φ180x8 180 8 350
φ194x10 194 10 350
φ203x12 203 12 400
φ203x14 203 14 400
φ219x12 219 12 450
φ219x14 219 14 450
φ245x14 245 14 500
φ245x16 245 16 500
φ273x16 273 16 500
φ299x16 299 16 600
φ325x16 325 16 750
φ325x18 325 18 750
φ325x20 325 20 750
φ325x22 325 22 750
φ351x20 351 20 750
φ351x24 351 24 750
 Minimum Edge Distance,mm,from Center of
Standard Hole to Edge of Connected

Bolts Diameter(mm) At Sheared Edges

M16 28
M20 34
M22 38
M24 42
M27 48
M30 52
M36 64
Over M36 1.75d

Values of Edge Distance Increment C2,mm

Nominal Diameter of Long Axis Perpendicular Long Axis Parallel to

Fastener(mm) to Edge Edge
≤22
24 0.75d 0
≥27

Minimum Edge Distance,mm,from Center of long-slots Hole to Edge of

Connected
Long Axis Perpendicular Long Axis Parallel to
Bolts Diameter(mm)
to Edge Edge
16 40 28
20 49 34
22 54.5 38
24 60 42
27 68.25 48
30 74.5 52
36 91 64
Over 36 1.75d+0.75d 1.75d

Edge Distance,mm,from Center of long-slots Hole to Edge of

Connected
Long Axis Perpendicular Long Axis Parallel to
Bolts type
to Edge Edge
M16 45 30
M20 55 35
M22 60 40
M24 65 45
M27 70 50
M30 75 55
M36 95 65
OverM36 1.75d+0.75d 1.75d

Edge Distance,mm,from Center of Standard

Hole to Edge of Connected
Bolts Diameter(mm) At Sheared Edges
16 30
20 35
22 40
24 45 50
27 50
30 55
36 65
Over 36 1.75d

Minimum Bolt Pretension,KN

Bolt Size,mm A490M Bolts
M16 114
M20 179
M22 221
M24 257
M27 334
M30 408
M36 595

Nominal Hole Dimensions,mm

Bolt diameter Standard(Dia) Long-slot (WidthXLength)
M16 18 18mmX40mm
M20 22 22mmX50mm
M22 24 24mmX55mm
M24 27 27mmX60mm
M27 30 30mmX67mm
M30 33 33mmX75mm
M36 d+3 (d+3)X2.5d
1/2 9/16 14.3
5/8 11/16 17.5
3/4 13/16 20.6
7/8 15/16 23.8
1 1 1/8 28.6
1 1/8 1 1/4 31.8
1 1/4 1 3/8 34.9
1 3/8 1 1/2 38.1
1 1/2 1 5/8 41.3

Nominal diameter of bolt,mm

Bolt Size,mm A490M Bolts
M16 16
 M20 20
M22 22
M24 24
M27 27
M30 30
M36 36 Ag/mm
1/2 12.7 126.7
5/8 15.9 197.9
3/4 19.0 285.0
7/8 22.2 387.9
1 25.4 506.7
1 1/8 28.6 641.3
1 1/4 31.8 791.7
1 3/8 34.9 958.0
1 1/2 38.1 1140.1

TABLE J2.4
Minimum Size of Fillet Welds
Material Thickness of
Minimum Size of Fillet
Thinner Part Joined,
Weld, (mm)
(mm)
To 6 inclusive 3
Over 6 to 13 5
Over 13 to 19 6
Over 19 8

螺杆的应力标准值/MPa
抗剪强度Fnv 抗拉强度Fnt
F2280 457 780
F1852 372 620
A490 457 780
A325 372 620

钢材 屈服强度Fy(MPa) 抗拉强度Fu(MPa)
A36 250 400
A572GR50 345 450