SHRI BALAJI PUBLIC SCHOOL, KHANDWA

Session (2023-24)
Grade: 9 Subject: Information Technology Chapter-3 Basic ICT Skills

Session 1
Introduction to ICT
Answer the following questions:
1. What do you understand by the term ICT?
Ans. ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. It includes a diverse set of technological
tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information. ICT
includes computers, the Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and television) and telephony.

2. Mention the five aspects of the educational use of ICT.

Ans. ICT can be useful for a student in the following ways:
• Student can study through online resources. There are different resources through which
it will be helpful for students to understand topic.
• Students can meet teachers online and get required knowledge about the subject.
• Students can have no limit of time and place.
• Improved learning efficiency.
• Reduce the burden on teachers.
• Simplified information sharing.
• Increased student motivation.
• Improve IT literacy of students.

3. What is e-commerce?
Ans. E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services, or the
transmitting of funds or data, over an electronic network, primarily the internet. These business
transactions occur either as business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-
consumer or consumer-to-business.

4. What are the major features that have facilitated the use of ICT?
Ans. Various devices/technology in ICT includes:
• Access of course materials through remote devices,
• Online digital repositories for lectures, course materials, and digital library,
• Online/ cloud based academic management systems,
• Employing the flipped classroom concept,

5. What are the strengths and concerns related to ICT?

Ans. Pros (strength) of Using ICT are:
1. Easy and quick communication
2. Anywhere anytime easy access to information
3. Improved housing and lifestyle
4. Increased the productivity and efficiency of every industry in the world.
5. Convenience in travelling and education
6. Encourages innovation and creativity
7. Creation of new jobs -ICT has created new and interesting jobs.
Cons (Concern) of using technology are:
1. Privacy: Your information on phone or emails can be hacked.
2. Cybercrime: Crimes like cyber bullying, phishing, identity theft, cyber stalking etc.
 3. Reliability of Information: Any information on internet is not reliable.
4. Computer viruses, worms, Trojans, malware, spam can cause chaos and disrupt our daily
lives.

Session 2
ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets-1

Answer the following questions:

1. Mention any two ICT Tools.
Ans. There are two ICT Tools are:
(i) Smartphone: - A smartphone is a portable computer device that combines mobile telephone
functions and personal computing functions into one unit.
(ii) Tablet: - A tablet is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touchscreen interface. The
tablet form factor is typically smaller than a notebook computer, but larger than a
smartphone.

2. What do you mean by application or apps?

Ans. An app, which is short for "application," is a type of software that can be installed and run on a
computer, tablet, smartphone or other electronic devices. An app most frequently refers to a mobile
application or a piece of software that is installed and used on a computer.

3. Name any three commonly found apps.

Ans. Following are some of the application areas of computer
1. Banking
Computers are used in banks for money transfer, voucher, ledger, bank sheet, etc.
2. Education
Computer is an effective tool which can be used for teaching and learning, result processing,
student data processing, question preparation, handouts and note preparation etc. Computers
are also used for online education.
3. Industries
Industrial research, budgeting and process control are based on computers. The robotics are
also computer based.
4. Entertainments
Entertainment fields such as multimedia, film making with animation, graphics, audio and
visual design are done with the help of computers.
5. Hospitals
The research in health is done with the help of computers. It is applied in medicine, surgery and
research.
6. Data processing
All types of data processing such as word, data, salary, income tax, database processing etc are
processed with the help of computers.

4. What is the use of Google Play Store?

Ans. Google Play Store, shortened to Play Store on the Home screen and App screen, is Google's
official pre-installed app store on Android-certified devices. It provides access to content on
Google Play, including apps, books, magazines, music, movies, and television programs.

5. Mention any two differences between a smartphone and a tablet.

Ans. Portability: Smartphones are more portable than tablets. They can easily fit in a pocket,
while tablets require a bag or case to carry them around. Screen Size: Tablets have larger
screens than smartphones, typically ranging from 7 inches to 13 inches, while smartphone
screens range from 4 inches to 6.7 inches.
 Session 3
ICT Tools: Smartphones and Tablets-2

Answer the following questions:

1. Name any two basic components of a smartphone.
Ans. The main components are the camera, processor, RAM, ROM, battery, antennas and
motherboard and software.
1. Processor: The more powerful processor, the more easy it is to do processor intensive tasks
like: 4k rendering, video editing. And it is the most expensive part of the phone.
2. RAM and ROM: Ram (Random Access Memory) works together with the processor. Rom (Read
only memory) which is your internal storage it stores your data permanently, while ram
only holds the data temporarily.
3. Motherboard: It has the 2g, or 3g, or 4g antennas attached to it, which also has all the
cameras attached to it, without it the phone Will not function properly.
4. Battery: without battery the phone will not function, it is located below the motherboard. It
also has some control on the software.
5. Software: if there is no software installed then where are you supposed to store all your
applications.

2. Name any two basic features of a smartphone.

Ans. In every smartphone 5 features must-have to look for in an affordable smartphone
• Speed and storage capacity. Processing speed can make the difference between a happy
employee and a frustrated one.
• An expansive display.
• A versatile camera.
• Built-in security.
• Maximum mobility with 5G.

3. State the use of GPS.

Ans. The full form of GPS is Global Positioning System. GPS is a space-based navigation system
that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the
Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

4. Mention two gestures used to interact with a smartphone.

Ans. Android provides special types of touch screen events such as pinch, double tap, scrolls,
long presses and flinch. These are all known as gestures. Android provides Gesture Detector
class to receive motion events and tell us that these events correspond to gestures or not.

Session 4
Parts of a Computer and Peripherals

Answer the following questions:

1. Mention the most common feature of a computer.
Ans. Some of the features of a computer include:
• Speed: A computer can execute millions of operations per second.
• Accuracy: A computer can perform calculations without errors.
• Large storage capacity: A computer can store large amounts of data.
• High reliability: A computer can work continuously without fatigue or boredom.
 2. Name some input devices and output devices.
Ans. List of Input and Output Devices
Input devises Output Devices
Keyboard Monitor
Mouse Printer
Joystick Speaker
Microphone Projector

3. What are the two main parts of a computer system?

Ans. Every computer is composed of two basic components: hardware and software.
Hardware includes the Physical features, which are every part that you can either see or touch, for
example: monitor, case, keyboard, mouse, and printer.
Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific
tasks. It is the opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a computer.

4. What is scanner?
Ans. A scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages and
similar sources for computer editing and display. Scanners work by converting the image on the
document into digital information that can be stored on a computer through optical character
recognition (OCR).

5. Write a short note on digital camera.

Ans. A digital camera is a camera that stores pictures in electronic memory instead of film. Because of
this, a digital camera can hold many more pictures than a traditional film camera. A digital camera
can sometimes hold hundreds or thousands of pictures. Many use a memory card to store them.

6. What are the types of printers?

Ans. There are three types of printers:
Dot matrix Printer: A dot matrix printer is an impact printer that prints using a fixed number of
pins or wires. Typically the pins or wires are arranged in one or several vertical columns. The
pins strike an ink-coated ribbon and force contact between the ribbon and the paper, so that each
pin makes a small dot on the paper.
Inkjet Printer: Inkjet printers recreate a digital image by spraying ink onto paper.
Laser Printer: Laser printers are used to create high-quality prints by passing a laser beam at a
high speed over a negatively charged drum to define an image.

7. What are the types of CD’s available in the market?

Ans. A CD can be of three types as follows:
• CD-ROM: It stands for Compact Disk-Read Only Memory. The manufacturer writes the
data on these CDs.
• CD-R: It stands for Compact Disk-Recordable. The user can write data on these disks.
• CD-RW: It stands for Compact Disk-Rewritable.
•

8. Give the characteristics of non-impact printers.

Ans. Impact printers do not support transparencies. in impact printers there is physical contact with the
paper to procedure an image due to being robust and low cost, they are useful for bulk printing. impact
printers are ideal for multiple copies because they can easily print through many layers of paper.
9. What are plotters? State their areas of application.
Ans.
• Plotters are used to print graphical output on paper.
• It interprets computer commands and makes line drawings on paper using multi-coloured
automated pens. It is capable of producing graphs, drawings, charts, maps etc.
• Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) applications like CAD (Computer Aided Design) and CAM
(Computer Aided Manufacturing) are typical usage areas for plotters.

10. What is the difference between RAM ans ROM?

Ans.
Parameter RAM ROM

RAM stands for Random Access

Full Form ROM stands for Read Only Memory.
Memory.

RAM is a primary memory of the ROM is a primary memory of the computer

computer that stores those data and that stores those computer instructions and
Definition
instructions on which the CPU is programs that do not need to be altered in
currently working. future like BIOS.

RAM is a volatile memory. Which ROM is a non-volatile memory that means it

Nature means it stores data as long as power stores data permanently even when power is
is on. off.

Data The CPU of the computer can read, CPU can only read data from ROM, but it
Access write, or alter the data on RAM. can write or change.

RAM is used to store data that CPU

ROM is used to store data that in needed to
Usage needs for current instruction
bootstrap the computer.
processing.

Speed The speed of RAM is quite high. The speed of ROM is slower than RAM.

CPU CPU can access data stored on RAM Data to be copied from ROM to RAM so that
Access directly. CPU can access its data.

RAM memory is large and high

Capacity ROM is generally small and of low capacity.
capacity.

RAM is used as CPU Cache, Primary ROM is used as firmware by

Used as
Memory. microcontrollers.

Cost RAM is costly. ROM is not so expensive.

 Session 5
Basic computer operations

Answer the following questions:

1. Define software.
Ans. In a computer system the software is basically a set of instructions or commands that tell
a computer what to do. In other words, the software is a computer program that provides a set
of instructions to execute a user’s commands and tell the computer what to do. For example
like MS-Word, MS-Excel, Power-point etc.

2. What is system software? What are the different categories of system

software?
Ans. System Software
System software is a software that directly operates the computer hardware and provides the
basic functionality to the users as well as to the other software to operate smoothly. Or in other
words, system software basically controls a computer’s internal functioning and also controls
hardware devices such as monitors, printers, and storage devices, etc. It is like an interface
between hardware and user applications, it helps them to communicate with each other because
hardware understands machine language(i.e. 1 or 0) whereas user applications are work in
human-readable languages like English, Hindi, German, etc. so system software converts the
human-readable language into machine language and vice versa.
Types of System Software
It has two subtypes which are:
1. Operating System: It is the main program of a computer system. When the
computer system ON it is the first software that loads into the computer’s memory.
Basically, it manages all the resources such as computer memory, CPU, printer,
hard disk, etc., and provides an interface to the user, which helps the user to
interact with the computer system. It also provides various services to other
computer software. Examples of operating systems are Linux, Apple
macOS, Microsoft Window, etc.
2. Language Processor: As we know that system software converts the human-
readable language into a machine language and vice versa. So, the conversion is
done by the language processor. It converts programs written in high-
level programming language like Java, C, C++, Python etc. (known as source code),
into sets of instructions that are easily readable by machines(known as object code
or machine code).

3. What is general purpose application software? Give examples.

Ans. General purpose application softwares are those softwares which are used for any general
function. They allow people to do simple computer tasks. It is sometimes referred to as GPS. e.g.
graphics multimedia presentation software desktop publishing software etc.

4. What is the need of an operating system?

Ans. The Need for Operating System: Operating System is a program that acts as an Interface
between the system hardware and the user making the tasks easier. It is important software
which runs on a computer and controls the set of instructions and wisely utilizes each part of
the Computer.
5. What are utility software? Give some examples.
Ans. Utility Software performs certain tasks like virus detection, installation, and uninstallation,
data backup, deletion of unwanted files, etc. Some examples are antivirus software, file
management tools, compression tools, disk management tools, etc.

6. How do you start a computer?

Ans. Here are the general steps involved in starting a computer:
6. Make sure the computer is properly connected to a power source, such as a wall outlet surge
protector.
7. Press the power button to turn on the computer.
8. Wait for the computer to boot up.
9. Enter your login credentials if prompted.

7. How many keys are there on a standard keyboard?

Ans. A 104-key keyboard is a standard computer keyboard that includes three additional keys
compared to a traditional 101-key keyboard. These three additional keys are typically: A
"Windows" key, which is used to open the Start menu or switch between open windows.

8. Write a short note on language processor.

Ans. A language processor is a special type of software program that has the potential to
translate the program codes into machine codes. Languages such as COBOL and Fortran have
language processors, which are generally used to perform tasks like processing source code to
object code. A specific description of syntax, lexicon, and semantics of a high-level language is
required to design a language processor.

Types of language processors

There are mainly three kinds of language processors, which are discussed below:
1. Compiler: The language processor allows the computer to run and understand the program
by reading the complete source program in one time, which is written in a high-level language.
The computer can then interpret this code because it is translated into machine language.

2. Assembler: An assembler converts programs written in assembly language into machine

code. It is also referred to assembler as assembler language by some users.. The assemble
translates this source code into a code that is understandable by the computer, called object
code or machine code.

3. Interpreter: An interpreter is a computer program that allows a computer to interpret or

understand what tasks to perform. The programs written with the help of using one of the many
high-level programming languages are directly executed by an interpreter without previously
converting them to an object code or machine code, which is done line by line or statement by
statement.

9. Write short notes on the following.

(a) Backup and Restore utility
Ans. Backup and recovery describes the process of creating and storing copies of data that
can be used to protect organizations against data loss. This is sometimes referred to as
operational recovery. Recovery from a backup typically involves restoring the data to the original
location, or to an alternate location where it can be used in place of the lost or damaged data.

(b) Disk Defragmentation utility

Ans. Defragmentation is the process of consolidating fragmented files on
the user's hard drive. Files become fragmented when data is written
to disk, and there is not enough contiguous space to hold the
complete file. Storage algorithms break the data apart so that it will
fit into the available space.

10. Explain any two mobile operating systems.

Ans. Most commonly used mobile operating systems are Android and IOS.
Android:-The Android operating system is a mobile operating system that was developed
by Google to be primarily used for touchscreen devices, cell phones, and tablets.
IOS: - IOS is a mobile operating system that was developed by Apple Inc. for
iPhones, iPads, and other Apple mobile devices. iOS is the second most popular
and most used Mobile Operating System after Android.

Session 6
Performing Basic File operations

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the shortcut command to cut a file?
Ans. Ctrl+x

2. Write the steps to create a folder.

Ans. TO create a new folder on your desktop, follow the given steps :
1. Step 1: Open Computer Icon.
2. Step 2: Open any drive where you want to create a new folder.
3. Step 3: Click on File → New → Folder.
4. Step 4: A new folder is created with the default name “New folder”.
5. Step 5: Type in the folder name and press Enter key.

3. Write the steps to create a file.

Ans. TO create a file on computer, follow the given steps :
1. Open an application (Word, PowerPoint, etc.) and create a new file like you normally
would.
2. Click File.
3. Click Save as.
4. Select Box as the location where you'd like to save your file. If you have a particular
folder that you'd like to save it to, select it.
5. Name your file.
6. Click Save.
 Session 7
Communication and Networking- Basic on Internet

Answer the following questions:

1. Write any 4 uses if the Internet.
Ans. Social Networking
There is no doubt that social networking sites are the most popular use of the internet. This is
especially true for the younger generation.

Online Shopping
Another one of the uses of the internet is online shopping. People use the internet to purchase
goods and services from e-commerce websites like Amazon, Flipkart, Snapdeal, Myntra, and
more.

Online Banking
The internet has also made banking much easier and more convenient for people. There is no
need to visit the bank branch to deposit or withdraw money, as this can all be done with the
help of an internet connection.

Education and Upskilling

The internet has made getting education much more accessible for people. There are a plethora
of educational websites, tutorials, and online courses that can help people learn new skills.
People can also take online courses from top universities and institutions around the world
without having to be physically present there. Gaming

Trading
Earlier, stock trading was reserved for the elite class. The common man, so to say, had little to
zero access to the stock market.
However, with the rise of the internet, stock trading has become accessible to everyone. People
can trade stocks online from their homes and make decent profits.

Email Communication
The internet has made it possible for people to communicate with each other from anywhere in
the world. People can send emails to each other and also set up group conversations.
Email is a convenient way of sending messages and documents across the world in an instant.
It also allows users to keep track of conversations and important emails for future reference.

e-Newspapers
Back in the day, people had to wait for the newspaper to be delivered to their doorsteps. The
internet has made it easier for people to stay updated on world news at the click of a button.

Research
The internet has revolutionized the way people conduct research. It has given them access to
vast amounts of information from all over the world.
People can now easily search for articles, books, and reports on any topic they are interested in.
This makes it much easier for them to find reliable and up-to-date sources of information.

2. Define Bandwidth.
Ans. Bandwidth specifically refers to the capacity at which a network can transmit data. For
example, if the bandwidth of a network is 40 Mbps, it implies that the network cannot
transmit data faster than 40 Mbps in any given case.
3. What is an Internet Browser?
Ans. A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for retrieving,
presenting, and traversing information resources on the World Wide Web (also known as
the internet or the Net). The most popular web browsers are Google Chrome, Microsoft
Edge (formerly Internet Explorer), Mozilla Firefox, and Apple’s Safari. If you have a
Windows computer, Microsoft Edge (or its older counterpart, Internet Explorer) are already
installed on your computer. If you are running an Apple computer, you already have Safari
installed on your computer.

Session 8
Communication and Networking- Internet Browsing

Answer the following questions:

1. What is WWW?
Ans. World Wide Web, which is also known as a Web, is a collection of websites or web pages stored
in web servers and connected to local computers through the internet. These websites contain
text pages, digital images, audios, videos, etc. Users can access the content of these sites from
any part of the world over the internet using their devices such as computers, laptops, cell
phones, etc. The WWW, along with internet, enables the retrieval and display of text and media
to your device.

2. What is a webpage?
Ans. A Web page is a document for the World Wide Web that is identified by a unique uniform
resource locator (URL). A Web page can be accessed and displayed on a monitor or mobile
device through a Web browser. The data found in a Web page is usually in HTML or XHTML
format.

3. Define URL.
Ans. A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) is a unique identifier used to locate a resource on the
Internet. It is also referred to as a web address. URLs consist of multiple parts including a
protocol and domain name that tell a web browser how and where to retrieve a resource.

Session 9
Communication and Networking- Electronic Mail

Answer the following questions:

1. Write a short note on e-mail.

Ans. Electronic mail, commonly shortened to “email,” is a communication method that uses
electronic devices to deliver messages across computer networks. "Email" refers to both the
delivery system and individual messages that are sent and received.

2. Describe the working of e-mails.

Ans. Emails are routed to user accounts via several computer servers. They route the message
to their final destination and store them so that users can pick them up and send them
once they connect to the email infrastructure. Email can be accessed through an email
client or a web interface (more about these later).

3. What are the features of e-mail?

Ans. Features of email
• Automatic reply to messages.
 • Auto-forward and redirection of messages.
• Facility to send copies of a message to many people.
• Automatic filing and retrieval of messages.
• Addresses can be stored in an address book and retrieved instantly.
• Notification if a message cannot be delivered.

4. What are advantages and disadvantages of e-mail?

Ans. Advantages and disadvantages of e-mail are:

Session 10
Communication and Networking- Electronic Mail

Answer the following questions:

1. How do you create a Gmail account?

Ans. Choose a Google Account type
1. Type "www.gmail.com" on your browser and press the “Enter” key.
2. Click on the “Create Account” option.
3. Enter your “First Name,” “Last Name,” “User Name,” “Password” and “Confirm Password.”
4. Enter your Phone Number, DOB, and Gender. ...
5. Then click on the “I Agree” option after reading the terms and conditions.

2. How do you create a secure password?

Ans. We can create secure password to keep this point in our mind:
1. At least 12 characters long but 14 or more is better.
2. A combination of uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols.
3. Not a word that can be found in a dictionary or the name of a person, character, product,
or organization.
4. Significantly different from your previous passwords.
 Session 11
Composing and Sending E-Mail
Answer the following questions:

1. Write the steps to write an e-mail.

Ans. These are the following steps to write an e-mail:
1. Choose a program for sending emails.
2. Type out emails in the recipient box.
3. Use "Cc" or "Bcc" to include others.
4. Write a subject for your email.
5. Compose the body of your message.
6. Include any necessary attachments.
7. Send the email and check for replies.

2. What is the use of the subject section in e-mail?

Ans. An email subject line is the first text recipients see after your sender’s name when an
email reaches their inbox. It is important to keep an email subject line informative,
catchy, and brief.

3. How do you attach a file to an e-mail?

Ans. Attach a file: -
1. On your computer, go to Gmail.
2. Click Compose.
3. At the bottom, click Attach.
4. Choose the files you want to upload.
5. Click Open.

Session 12
Receiving and Replying to E-Mail
Answer the following questions:

1. How do you reply to an e-mail?

Ans. Reply to email
1. On your computer, go to Gmail.
2. Open the message.
3. Below the message, click Reply or Reply all.
4. Click Send. If you click Send + , the conversation will also be archived, or removed from
your inbox until someone else replies. Learn more about archiving.

2. How do you delete an e-mail?

Ans. Click on Delete or Clear Selection to remove Gmail emails from all devices. Thereafter, you
will see a message like Conversation moved to Trash. Open the Trash folder and select all
emails using the checkbox. Click the Delete Forever button to erase Gmail emails on all
devices.

3. What are the steps to reply to an email invite?

Ans. We can reply to the received e-mail message using the option. To reply to a message, open
the received e-mail and click the Reply link. Now, type the message and click Send button.
 Session 13
Introduction to Social Media
Answer the following questions:

1. What do you understand by social media?

Ans. Social media is a collective term for websites and applications that focus on
communication, community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and collaboration.
People use social media to stay in touch and interact with friends, family and various
communities.

2. Write a short note on blogs.

Ans. A blog, short for weblog, is a frequently updated web page used for personal commentary
or business content. Blogs are often interactive and include sections at the bottom of
individual blog posts where readers can leave comments.

3. What is Digital India? Explain its significance.

Ans. The Indian Government launched the Digital India campaign in 2015 to make government
services available to citizens electronically by online infrastructure improvement and also
by enhancing internet connectivity. It also aims to empower the country digitally in the
domain of technology. It focuses on various key pillars, including: Digital Infrastructure:
The establishment of a robust digital infrastructure is fundamental.

Q. What is motherboard?
Ans. The motherboard is the backbone that ties the computer's components together at one
spot and allows them to talk to each other. Without it, none of the computer pieces, such
as the CPU, GPU, or hard drive, could interact.

Q. What is the need for secondary memory?

Ans. We use secondary memory when we need to store the data permanently at a cheaper cost.
These devices store a large amount of data like audios, videos, text files, images, etc. It
refers to the different storage devices which we can use to store data. Hence, we can also
call these devices external memory.
Secondary memory is known as a Backup memory or Additional memory or Auxiliary
memory. Hard Drive, SSD, Flash, Optical Drive, SD Drive are some examples of secondary
memories in computer.