Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi

Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu

İngilizce II - 7. Ünite

MODALS
SHOULD OUGHT TO
HAD BETTER
 MODALS
SHOULD / OUGHT TO / HAD BETTER
a) En genel ve temel anlamda '' should, had better, ought to '' tavsiye, öneri ve öğüt
verirken kullanılır. Tüm öznelerde çekimi aynıdır ve yalın halde kullanılır. Ardından ise
yine yalın halde fiil yazılır.

You should have a rest.  Biraz dinlenmelisin.

I should study hard to pass the exam.  Sınavı geçmek için çok çalışmalıyım.

A mother ought to look after her children.  Bir anne çocuklarına bakmalı.

You ought to stay in bed after surgery.  Ameliyattan sonra yatakta dinlenmelisin.

My father is fat. He ought to do more  Babam şişman. Daha fazla egzersiz

exercises. yapmalı.

We had better hurry up to catch the bus.  Otobüse yetişmek için acele etmeliyiz.

I had better come early.  Erken gelmeliyim.

You had better take an aspirin.  Bir aspirin almalısın.

 SHOULD / OUGHT TO

b) Bu kipleri tek tek inceleyecek olursak '' should ve ought to '' ......yapmalıyım / yapmam
gerekir anlamına gelir. Bir işi yapıp yapmamanın olumlu ve olumsuz sonuçları sadece o kişiyi
ilgilendirir. Yani yapıp yapmamakta kişi tamamen serbesttir. Ayrıca yapılması gereken işi
erteleme imkanı vardır. Kişi daha sonra yapsa da olur.

*Kişisel düşüncelerimizi ifade ederken should kipi ,

*Kabul görmüş kurallardan ve ahlaki değer yargılarından bahsederken ought to tercih edilir.

-You should / ought to smoke less. / Daha az sigara içmelisin.

(Kişi daha az içerse kendi sağlığı için iyi olur. Aksi takdirde olumsuz sonuçlar yine kendisi için
geçerli.)

-You should / ought to go to the doctor. / Doktora gitmelisin.

( Kişi kendi sağlığı için doktora gitmeli. Giderse kendisi için iyi olur. Aksi takdirde olumsuz
sonuç yine kişinin kendisini ilgilendirir.)

-I should / ought to study for my exams. I am not in a hurry, but I want to get higher marks.
Sınavlarım için çalışmalıyım. Acelem yok ama yine de daha yüksek notlar almak
istiyorum.
(Bu cümlede ise kişinin sınavlarına hazırlanması gerekir. Bunun için ciddi bir zorunluluğu yok,
erteleyebilir. Başka zamanlarda yapılsa da olur.)
(+)You should be honest. ( Dürüst olmalısın.)
(+)You should see a doctor. ( Doktora görünmelisin.)
(?)Should I buy it ? (Onu almalı mıyım ?)
(-)You shouldn’t drink cold water. (Soğuk su içmemelisin.)
(-)He shouldn’t smoke. (O sigara içmemeli.)

(+)You ought to be honest. (Dürüst olmalısın.)

(+)You ought to see a doctor. (Doktora görünmelisin.)
(?)Ought I to buy it ? (Onu almalı mıyım ?)
(-)You ought not to drink cold water. (Soğuk su içmemelisin.)
(-)He oughtn’t to smoke. (O sigara içmemeli.)
 HAD BETTER
c) ''Had better ‘’ ise yapmamız gereken bir işi belirtir. Ancak ''should / ought to''da
olduğu gibi bu işi erteleme şansımız pek ya da hiç yoktur. Aksi takdirde ciddi ve olumsuz
sonuçlar meydana gelebilir.

Had better kullanıldığında tavsiye, kuvvetli bir uyarıyla verilmiş olur.

I had better study for my exams. If not, I will fail.

Sınavlarıma çalışmalıyım. Yoksa sınıfta kalacağım.

I had better come home before midnight. Otherwise, my mother will get angry.
Geceyarısından önce eve gitmeliyim. Yoksa annem kızacak.

Bu cümlelerde diğer cümlelerde olduğu gibi bir öneri ve tavsiye anlamı vardır. Ancak
önceki cümlelerden farklı olarak yapılmaması durumunda kötü şeyler olabileceği anlamı
çıkmaktadır. İşte '' had better '' ın '' should , ought to '' dan farkı budur.

(+) You had better be honest. ( Dürüst olsan iyi olur.)

(+) You had better see a doctor. (Doktora görünsen iyi olur.)
(?) Had I better buy it ? ( Onu almalı mıyım ?)
(-) You had better not drink cold water. (Soğuk su içmesen iyi olur.)
(-) He had better not smoke. (O sigara içmese iyi olur.)
EXERCISES
 EXERCISE 1

Fill in the blanks. Use SHOULD / SHOULDN’T

should
1. You _____________ do your homework every day.
shouldn’t
2 .People _____________ waste their time.
shouldn’t
3 .Children _____________ play with matches.
should
4 .You _____________ brush your teeth twice a day.
should
5 .This is a good movie. You _____________ watch it.
should
6 .You _____________ always tell the truth.
shouldn’t
7.People _____________ light fires in woods.
should
8.If you did something wrong to anyone, you _____________ apologize to him.
should
9.You _____________ turn off the light before you leave the house.
shouldn't
10.We _____________ drop litter on the street.
 EXERCISE 2
Fill in the blanks. Use SHOULD / SHOULDN’T + a verb from the list.

cut - pay - touch - drive - listen - put - watch - do - get up - watch

1. You _______________
should listen to your parents.
2. You _______________
shouldn't touch hot surfaces with your bare hand.
3. Students _______________
should pay attention in class.
4. People _______________
should put sunscreen when they are at the beach.
5. You _______________
shouldn’t drive your car so fast.
6. We _______________
shouldn't cut trees without planting new ones.
7. When playing tennis, you _______________
should watch the ball.
8. Students _______________
should get up early in the weekdays.
9. We _______________
should do our homework everyday.
10. Children _______________
shouldn't watch TV after 10 P.M.
 EXERCISE 3

Match the correct advice to each sentence.

1. I’m very tired. a.You ought to study hard.

2. I have a headache. b.You ought to drink something.

3. It’s raining outside. c.You ought to have some rest.

4. There’s an exam tomorrow. d.You ought to buy her a cake.

5. You are thirsty. e.You ought to take an umbrella.

6. It’s your friend’s birthday. f.You ought to take a painkiller

1.c 2.f 3.e 4.a 5.b 6.d

 EXERCISE 4
Choose the right expressions: had better or had better not

had better
1.You _______________ give up smoking. It’s bad for you.
had better not work so hard. He is overdoing it.
2. Tell Taylan he _______________
had better
3. You _______________ get some sleep. You look tired out.
had better not say that to Chris. He’ll be angry with you.
4. You _______________
had better not try to lift that by yourself. It’s very heavy.
5. You _______________
had better not eat a lot of sweets.
6. You _______________
had better
7. You _______________ go to the dentist’s regularly.
had better not eat between meals if you want to lose weight.
8. You _______________
had better
9. You _______________ clean your teeth at least twice a day.
had better
10.You _______________ drive carefully on a busy road.
 EXERCISE 5
Correct the mistakes in the sentences.

Example: She are a student.  She is a student.

1. He ought take him to the emergency room.

He ought to take him to the emergency room.

2. You should to help people.

You should help people.

3. He has better do his homework.

He had better do his homework.

4. They ought to not hurt his leg.

They ought not to hurt his leg.

5. I had not better put hot water on the burn.

I had better not put hot water on the burn.

 EXERCISE 6
Circle the correct answer.

1. You ___ not be late or you’ll lose your job.

a. should b. had better c. shouldn’t d. ought to e. had to

2. I watched a great movie last night, I think you ___ see it, too.

a. shouldn’t b. ought c. should d. ought not to e. had better

3. The film is going to start soon, we ___ go or we’ll miss it.

a. shouldn’t b. should c. had to d. ought to e. had better

4. ‘Doctor, I need help! My baby cries all the time! What ___ ?’

a. I should do b. had I better do c. ought to I do d. should I do e. I had better do

5. ‘It’s raining and I don’t want to get wet. I ___ to bring an umbrella.’

a. had better b. had better not c. should to d. shouldn’t e. ought

1. b 2. c 3. e 4. d 5. e
 EXERCISE 6
Circle the correct answer.

6. A: It’s very cold in here. B: You .......... wear your coat.

a. shouldn’t b. should to c. ought to d. ought e. better

7. David loves fast food, but he ........... too much or he will get fat.
a. should eat not b. should eat c. ought to eat
d. had better eat e. had better not eat

8. I’m going to a party tonight. What ......... I wear? A dress or pants?

a. Ought b. had better c. shouldn’t d. should e. could

9. When you play tennis, you ............... watch the ball.

a. ought to b. should to c. had better not
d. should not e. ought not to

10. ............ take off my shoes in this house?

a. Ought I b. Should I c. Do I should d. I should e. Had better I

6. c 7. e 8. d 9. a 10. b
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