FLUID MECHANICS QUESTION BANK AT-II

Theory questions:
1. Differentiate between pressure head and dynamic head in a fluid flow.
2. Discuss the significance of Reynolds number and critical Reynolds number in viscous
flow.
3. State the Bernoulli’s Theorem. List out the assumptions and limitations of Bernoulli’s
equation.
4. Derive Euler’s equation of motion along s streamline
5. Using Reynold’s Transport Theorem derive the continuity equation.
6. Explain with suitable diagram, the working of a Pitot tube.
7. Derive the relation for variation of velocity for fluid flow between two parallel plates
if the lower plate is at rest and upper plate is moving with a velocity “U”. Assume the
distance between the plates as “b” and viscosity of the fluid as “µ”.
8. Derive the equation for the discharge of fluid flowing through venturi meter.

Numerical:
1. Oil of absolute viscosity 1.5 poise and density 848.3 kg/m3 flows through a pipe of
internal diameter 30 cm. Predict whether the flow is laminar or turbulent.
𝜕𝑝
2. The pressure gradient in a fluid flow is −2940 (N/m2)/m i.e. (𝜕𝑥 ) =−2940
(N/m2)/m. Determine the pressure difference between two points 20 m apart in the
flow.
3. A pipe, through which water is flowing, is having diameters, 20 cm and 10 cm at the
cross-sections 1 and 2 respectively. The velocity of water at section 1 is given by 4.0
m/s. Determine the velocity head at sections 1 and 2.
4. The maximum velocity of flow between two parallel plates is 30 m/s. Determine the
average velocity.
5. Water flows through a 300 mm x 150 mm venturi meter at a rate of 0.065 m 3/s and
the differential gauge is deflected 1.2 m. Specific gravity of the manometric fluid is
1.6. Determine the coefficient of discharge of the venturi meter.
6. In a pipe of 90 mm diameter water is flowing with a mean velocity of 2 m/s and at a
gauge pressure of 350 kN/m2. Determine the total head if the pipe is 8 meters above
the datum line. Neglect friction.
7. A horizontal venturi meter with inlet diameter 200 mm and throat diameter 100 mm is
used to measure the flow of water. The pressure at inlet is 0.18 N/mm 2 and the
vacuum pressure at the throat is 280 mm of mercury. Determine the rate of flow. Take
value of Cd as 0.98.
8. A pipe, through which water is flowing, is having diameters, 20 cm and 10 cm at the
cross-sections 1 and 2 respectively. The velocity of water at section 1 is given by 4.0
m/s. Determine the velocity head at sections 1 and 2.
9. Find the discharge of the water flowing through the pipe of 30 cm diameter, placed in
an inclined position where a venturi meter is placed having a throat diameter of 15
cm. The difference of pressure between inlet and throat is measured by a liquid of
specific gravity 0.60 in an inverted U tube manometer which gives reading of 30 cm.
The loss of head between inlet and throat is 0.2 times the kinetic head of the pipe.
10. A differential manometer connected between inlet and throat of horizontal venturi
meter carrying water gives a reading of 180 mm of mercury. Determine the reading
given by the manometer when the mercury is replaced with water.
11. Two parallel plates kept 100 mm apart have laminar flow of oil between them with a
maximum velocity of 1.5 m/s. Calculate:

(i) The discharge per meter width,

(ii) The shear stress at the plates
(iii) Assume viscosity of oil to be 24.5 poise

12. The following data relate to an orifice meter: Diameter of the pipe = 240 mm,
Diameter of the orifice = 120 mm, Sp. gravity of oil = 0.88, Reading of differential
manometer = 400 mm of mercury, Co-efficient of discharge of the meter = 0.65.
Determine the rate of flow of oil.
13. The Reynold number for flow of oil through a 50 mm diameter pipe is 1700. If the
kinematic viscosity of oil is 0.744 stoke, what is the velocity at a point 6.25 mm from
the wall?
14. An oil with density 850 Kg/m3 and viscosity 0.16 Ns/m2 flows through a 20 cm
diameter pipe at a rate of 1.2 ltr/sec. if the length of the pipe is 500 m, find the
pressure drop between the two ends of the pipe.
15. A fluid of viscosity 0.8 Ns/m2 and specific gravity 1.2 is flowing through a circular
pipe of diameter 100 mm. the maximum stress at the pipe wall is given as 200.2 N/m2,
find: (a) The pressure gradient (b) The average velocity (c) Reynolds number of the
flow.
16. Water flows in a circular pipe. At one section the diameter is 0.3 m, the static pressure
is 260 kPa gauge, the velocity is 3 m/s and the elevation is 10 m above ground level.
The elevation at a section downstream is 0 m, and the pipe diameter is 0.15 m.
Determine the gauge pressure at the downstream section. Neglect frictional effects.
Assume density of water to be 999 kg/m3.
17. An oil of viscosity 1.5 poise and specific gravity 0.85 flows through a 30 cm diameter
pipe. If the head loss in a 3 km length of the pipe is 20 m, calculate: (a) The shear
stress at the pipe wall (b) Shear stress at the radial distance of 10 cm from axis and (c)
The friction factor “f” by assuming the flow to be laminar.
18. An oil of viscosity 9 poise and specific gravity 0.9 is flowing through a horizontal
pipe of 60 mm diameter. If the pressure drop in 100 m length of the pipe is 1800
kN/m2, determine:
(i) The rate of flow of oil;
(ii) The centre-line velocity;
(iii) The total frictional drag over 100 m length