TYPES OF

BATTERY COOLING
SYSTEM IN
ELECTRIC VEHICLE
 COOLING SYSTEM REQUIRMENT FOR THE BATTERY

An effective battery cooling system in electric vehicles must:

• Regulate battery temperature to prevent overheating and optimize performance.
• Manage heat distribution within the battery pack to ensure uniform cell
performance and prolong battery life.
• Dissipate heat quickly during fast charging to prevent thermal runaway.
• Consume minimal energy to maximize vehicle range and efficiency.
• Be compact and lightweight while providing effective thermal management.
• Be robust and reliable under various conditions without failure.
• Seamlessly integrate with other vehicle systems for optimal performance.
• Include safety features to prevent overheating and mitigate thermal risks.
• Have minimal maintenance requirements for long-term reliability.
• Be cost-effective to manufacture and maintain, contributing to EV affordability.
TYPES OF COOLINF SYSTEM

PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL

AIR COOLING SYSTEM
Phase change material (PCM) in
Simple and easy , the cooling is
battery cooling systems absorbs
done by naturally by the air
heat during operation, undergoing
flowing through the given
a phase transition from solid to
passage.
liquid.
COOLING
SYSTEMS

FAN COOLING SUSTEM

An effective fan cooling system in
electric vehicles helps regulate
battery temperature, preventing
overheating during operation
and charging.
LIQUID COOLING SYSTEM
A liquid cooling system in electric
vehicles uses a circulating fluid to
manage battery temperature.
 OBJECTIVES

• Prevent overheating to avoid performance degradation and thermal

runaway.

• Maintain optimal temperature for maximum energy efficiency and

longevity.

• Extend battery lifespan by minimizing temperature fluctuations and

stress.

• Ensure safety by mitigating risks of overheating, fires, and thermal

runaway.

• Enhance vehicle performance, efficiency, and driving range by

optimizing battery temperature.
METHODOLOGY

Manufacturing
Requirements Optimization
and
Definition and Iteration
Implementation

Testing and Monitoring and

Battery Analysis
Validation Maintenance

Cooling System Integration with

Selection Vehicle Systems

Component Thermal
Sizing and Management
Placement Strategy
TYPES OF COOLING SYSTEM
▪ Air Cooling System

An air cooling system for electric vehicle batteries helps regulate their temperature,
preventing overheating during operation. It typically consists of fans and vents
strategically placed to circulate air around the battery pack, dissipating heat
generated during charging and discharging. This helps maintain optimal battery
performance and prolongs its lifespan.
Example:- Ether energy and torque krotos R.
In this cooling system the cooling is also done by the naturally flowing air through
the vent when the vehicle is moveing at the particular speed.
Example:- ola, Tvs iqube and Bajaj Chetak.
The Fan Cooling is costly as compare to the natural cooling system which does not
require fan or energy consumption device due to which the range is more
TYPES OF COOLING SYSTEM

▪ Phase change material

Phase change materials (PCMs) are utilized in battery cooling systems to regulate
temperature effectively. They absorb excess heat during charging or discharging,
undergoing a phase change from solid to liquid. This process stores the heat until
it's released when the temperature drops, maintaining stable battery temperature.
This enhances performance, prolongs lifespan, and ensures safety.
Only the limitation are they have limited heat capacity ,Temp range limitation
,Thermal cycle limitation, weight and volume consideration and the cost. Due to
this reasons this PCM are not being very much used in cooling system.
TYPES OF COOLING SYSTEM

• Liquid Cooling:
Many modern electric vehicles employ liquid cooling
systems for their battery packs. These systems circulate
coolant (usually a mixture of water and glycol) through
a network of channels or pipes embedded within the battery
modules. The coolant absorbs heat generated during
charging and discharging, maintaining the battery within the
optimal temperature range. This type of liquid cooling is
called as the indirect contact type of liquid cooling. This
type of cooling system required the power consuming devices
like pump. This type of cooling system is used widely in the
four wheelers.
 CURRENT SENERIO OF THE COOLING SYSTEM IN ELECTRICT
VEHICLE BATTERY
• Active Liquid Cooling:
Many modern electric vehicles employ active liquid cooling systems for their
battery packs. These systems circulate coolant (usually a mixture of water and
glycol) through a network of channels or pipes embedded within the battery
modules. The coolant absorbs heat generated during charging and discharging,
maintaining the battery within the optimal temperature range. This type of liquid
cooling is called as the indirect contact type of liquid cooling. Usually now a day
the liquid cooling system is being used in some vehicle because the system is
expensive and the system is energy consumption system, safety to avoid the
leakage of fluid ,maintenance is required due to the presence of rotating
components but the heat absorption rate is heigh as compare to the fan and other
cooling system.
 CURRENT SENERIO OF THE COOLING SYSTEM IN ELECTRIC
VEHICLE BATTERY

• Innovation In Fast Chargers:

With the rise of fast-charging infrastructure, cooling systems must now
also be designed to handle the increased heat generated during rapid
charging sessions. This often involves enhancements in cooling capacity
and efficiency to ensure safe and reliable fast-charging experiences.
Even many startups have being developed the fast charger which can
charge the electric vehicle in 15 minutes without any heating issue and
this done by the liquid cooling system implemented in charging system so
when the vehicle is charging the liquid from the charger socket flow
through the pipe and circulate into the battery of the vehicle when it been
charging at the particular flow rate to avoid the increase in the
temperature of battery.