KENDRIYA VIDYALAYANO.

1INDORE (SHIFT-2) MP

TOPIC- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

PREPRARED BY- ABHAY KUMAR SHRIVASTAVA (PGT ECONOMICS)

 COMPATENCY BASED QUESTIONS
Q1What is the factor that contributes to Answer:(a) Chlorine and Bromine
global warming? Q6What is the full form of CFG?
(a) Deforestation (a) Chlorofluorocarbons
(b) A decrease in cattle production (b) Hydrofluorocarbons
(c) Burning of petroleum and coal products (c) Ultra Fluorocarbons
(d) Hydrogen gas released in animal waste (d) Photo Fluorocarbons
Answer:(c) Burning of petroleum and coal Answer:(a)Chlorofluorocarbons
products
Q7What is the example of overuse of
Q2Ozone depletion refers to the environmental resources?
phenomenon of reduction in the amount of
(a) Land Degradation & Deforestation
ozone in the?
(b) Land Up gradation & Reforestation
(a) Exosphere
(c) None
(b) Stratosphere
(d) Both
(c) Troposphere
Answer:(a) Land Degradation &
(d) Mesosphere
Deforestation
Answer:(b) Stratosphere Q8The Deccan Plateau black soil is
particularly suitable for the cultivation of?
Q3DefineRenewableresources?
Answer: Renewable resources refers to that (a) Jute
type of resources that can be utilized without
(b) Maize
being exhausted. Such as trees, fishes, etc.
Q4Define Non-renewable resources.? (c) Textile
Answer: Non-Renewable resources are those
(d) Cotton Answer:(d) Cotton
resources which get exhausted with
Q 9The Chipko Movement, for protection of
extraction. Such as coal, fuel etc.
the forest, was started in which part of India?
Q5 The problem of ozone depletion is caused
by the presence of high levels of these (a) Kerala
compounds in the stratosphere. Name them.
(b) Uttarakhand
(a) Chlorine and Bromine
(c) Karnataka
(b) Chlorine and Carbon
(d) Maharashtra
(c) Silicon and Bromine
Answer:(b) Uttarakhand
(d) Silicon and Hydrogen

Q10Name the factor responsible for land
degradation
(a) Shifting Cultivation
(b) A gain of vegetation occurring due to
deforestation
(c) Improper crop rotation
(d) Unsustainable fuelwood and fodder
extraction
Answer:(b) A gain of vegetation occurring
due to deforestation
Q11Give two examples of resources overuse.
Answer: The two examples of resources
overuse are:
Excessive tree demolishing
Excessive exploitation of fossil fuel
Q12Give two examples of misuse of
resources.
Answer:
The two examples of misuse of resources
are:
Use of river to absorb industrial effluents
Use of wood as household fuel
Q13Explain the main aims of Bhramar Tribal
Area Development plan. (Delhi 2014)
Answer: The main aims and priorities of this
project are as follows:
Improving the quality of life of the Gaddis
Narrowing the gap in the development
between Bhramar and other districts of
Himachal Pradesh.
The highest priority was on the development
of transport and communications,
agriculture and allied activities as well as
social and community services.
Q14How has the Gaddi tribal community of
Bhramar region maintained a distinct
identity? (All India 2013)
Answer:
The Gaddi tribal community of Bhramar
region maintained a distinct identity as they
practiced transhumance and conversed
through Gaddiel dialect
Q15What are the functions of the
environment?
Answer: The environment performs the
following four dynamic functions:
1. Offer Production Resources: Environment
provides us with wide tangible resources like
minerals, water and soil. These are the gifts
of nature. These resources act as an input for
converting natural resources into productive
and useful things. In other words,
environment provides input for production
that enhances human life qualitatively.
2. Sustains Life: Environment provides us
with vital ingredients like sun, soil, water and
air that are necessary for the survival of life.
Absence of these essential elements implies
absence of life. It supports biodiversity.
3. Assimilates Waste: The activities of
production and consumption generate
waste. This waste in the form of garbage is
absorbed by the environment automatically.
4. Enhances Quality of Life: Environment
includes surroundings such as rivers, oceans,
mountains and deserts. It provides scenic
beauty that man admires in life and adds to
the quality of human life.
Q16Explain how the opportunity costs of
negative environmental impact are high.
Q17Give two intense of (a) Overuse of
Answer: Opportunity cost is the cost that is environmental resources(b) Misuse of
foregone when we make a choice or a environmental resources.
decision. If a piece of land is to be used for
Answer:(a) Overuse of environmental
wheat production then the production of
resources
say, rice, is to be sacrificed. The loss of rice
production is the opportunity cost of i. Drying up of Rivers: The increasing
producing wheat. In the similar way, the cost irrigation and construction of flood storage
of negative environment is the opportunity reservoirs are resulting in the drying up of
cost of huge expenditure incurred on health rivers.
and searching new alternatives. This is
ii. Excessive Deforestation: The growing
explained elaborately in the following When
population and their ever growing demand
the resources are extracted at a more rapid
are resulting in large scale deforestation. This
pace than its regeneration, then we say that
leads to soil erosion, making the soil infertile.
the carrying capacity of the environment
reduces. In such situation, environment fails (b) Misuse of environmental resources.
to perform its function of sustaining life,
i. Use of Rivers to Discharge the Waste:
thereby, resulting in environmental crises. In
Water is essential for life. The misuse of
other words, environmental crises are an
water as a resource is responsible for its
aggregate outcome of excessive exploitation
pollution and contamination. The factors
of natural resources and excessive
responsible for water pollution are the
generation of wastes. Therefore, there arises
discharge of domestic sewerage, industrial
a need for exploration of new alternative
waste, and thermal power plants into the
eco-friendly resources to avoid
rivers.
environmental crisis. Moreover,
environmental crises lead to greater ii. Use of Wood for Cooking Food: Wood is a
incidence of respiratory and water borne non-renewable source of energy. It is
diseases, necessitating higher health obtained from trees. Using wood instead of
expenditures and investments. The costs eco friendly alternative fuels for cooking
involved in searching new alternative purposes brings about deforestation.
resources together with the greater health
expenditures constitute the opportunity
costs of negative environmental impact.
Such require voluminous financial
commitments by the government.
Therefore, the opportunity costs of negative
environmental impact are high.
Q18What is the 2030 Agenda?
Adopted in September 2015, the 2030
Agenda represents “a universal, integrated
and transformative vision for a better world”
(Ban Ki Moon). It is the “world's growth
strategy for the next 15 years” (Achim
Steiner), calling for today’s growth-based
economic model to make way for a new path
that creates sustainable and equitable
economies and societies worldwide, and
ensures greater public participation in
decision-making. It is a plan of action for
people, planet, prosperity, peace and
partnership ,which everybody will
implement. .
Q19Who implements the 2030 Agenda?
Answer-The primary actors in delivering the
2030 Agenda are governments, who need to
modify policies that account for their
national realities and provide the regulatory
and incentive structures to help achieve the
new goals. The 2030 Agenda and the SDGs
address universal concerns, while
recognizing that each country starts with
different challenges, needs, priorities and
response capabilities.
If governments are central to
implementation, the new agenda calls for a
global partnership under which other players
– including the UN system, but also other
regional and international institutions, non-
governmental organizations, civil society and
the private sector – will be essential to
support countries, especially ones with
fewer resources and capacities, in achieving
their goals.
Q20Read the following case study paragraph
carefully and Answer the questions on the
basis of the same.
Q1 The central bank of India i.e. Reserve
Bank of India, is the apex institution that
control the entire financial market. It's one of
the major functions is to maintain the
reserve of foreign exchange. Also, it
intervenes in the foreign exchange market to
stabilize the excessive fluctuations in the
foreign exchange rate. In other words, it is
the central bank's job to control a country's
economy through monetary policy; if the
economy is moving slowly or going
backward, there are steps that central bank
can take to boost the economy. These steps,
whether they are asset purchases or printing
more money, all Involve injecting more cash
into the economy. The simple supply and
demand economic projection occur and
currency will devalue. When the opposite
occurs, and the economy is growing, the
central bank will use various methods to
keep that growth steady and in-line with
other economic factors such as wages and
prices. Whatever the central bank does or in
fact don't do, will affect the currency of that
country Sometimes, it is within the central
bank's interest to purposefully effect the
value of a currency. For example, if the
economy is heavily reliant on exports and
their currency value becomes too high,
importers of that country's commodities will
seek cheaper supply; hence directly effecting
the economy.
1 Which of the following tools are used by
the central bank to control the flow of money
in domestic economy?
(a)Fiscaltools
(b) Quantitative monetary tools
(c) Qualitative monetary tools
(d) Both (b) and (c)
2 Dear money policy of central bank, which
is used to keep the growth steady and in-line
with other economic factors, refers to
a) Tighten the money supply in the economy
b) Ease the money supply in the economy
c) Allow commercial banks to work under
less strict environment
d) Both (b) and (c)
3 Which of the following steps should be
taken by the central bank if there is an
excessive rise in the foreign exchange rate?
(a) Supply foreign exchange from its stock
(b) Demand more of other foreign exchange
(c) Not intervene in the market as the
exchange rate is determined by the market
forces
(d) Help central government to stabilize the
foreign exchange rate.
Answer:
1(d) Both (b) and (c)
2(a) Tighten the money supply in the
economy
3(a) Supply foreign exchange from its stock