Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022

Impact Factor: 8.118

 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

orZeku lanHkksZa es vkradokn blds çeq[k dkj.k ,oa nq"ifj.kke

M‚- eukst dqekj
çkpk;Z
ljLorh dU;k LukrdksÙkj egkfo|ky;] rkjkuxj&¼pw:½] jktLFkku

lkjka'k %
;|fi orZeku lanHkksZa es ns[kk tk, rks vkradokn oSf’od Lrj dh ,d Toyar leL;k ds :i
es [kM+k gS rFkkfi bl fo’oO;kih leL;k dk le; jgrs leqfpr lekèkku vkt ds le; dh
egrh vko';drk Hkh gS A vkadM+ks ij –f"V Mkys rks Kkr gksrk gS dh uk dsoy Hkkjrh; mi
egk}hi es vfirq fo’o ds vU; fofHkUu fodkl'khy ns'kksa es Hkh ;g leL;k xr o"kksZa dh
rqyuk es c<+h gh gS A blh lanHkZ es ;nh vkradokn dh mRifÙk ,oa blds foLrkfjr gksus ds
ihNs ds çeq[k dkj.kks dk voyksdu djs rks bl lanHkZ es Hkh i;kZIr erSD; ik;k tkrk gSA ,d
rjQ vf'k{kk dks vkradokn ds c<+us ds çeq[k dkj.k ds :i es ns[kk tkrk gS ogh
lekt'kkL=h; –f"V ls vkradokn dk tUe ço`fÙk dh vfu;fer fLFkfr ds pyrs gksrk gSA
çLrqr 'kksèk vkys[k ds ekè;e ls orZeku lanHkksZa esa vkradokn tSlh xaHkhj leL;k dk ewY;kadu
djus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gS] ,oa lkFk gh vkradokn dk euksfoKku ,oa mldk oSfÜod]
jktuhfrd vkSj lkekftd ifjçs{;u esa vkradokn fofHkUu dkj.kks dk foLr`r fo'ys"k.k djus
dk ç;kl Hkh fd;k x;k gSA
ewy fcanq % fgalkRekd vkradokn] oSf’od vkradokn] lekt'kkL=h; –f"Vdks.k

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 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

çLrkouk %
njvly foxr 'krkCnh esa vkradoknh ?kVukvks]a ifj?kVukvksa dh rduhdh esa cgqvk;keh
ifjorZu gqvk gSA vkèkqfud çkS|ksfxdh mUukfr o foLrkj us vkardokfn;ksa dks ubZ xfr'khyrk
vkSj ekjd {kerk çnku dh gSA lHkh çdkj ds jktuhfrd vkanksyu, pkgs mudk jktuhfrd
vfHkçk; dqN Hkh gks, mUgksaus loZçFke blh çdkj dh j.kuhfr dk ç;ksx djuk vkjaHk fd;kA
egku jktuhfrd fpard vMksYQ fgVyj ds vèkhu ukth teZuh o LVkfyu ds vèkhu lksfo;r
la?k ds lokZfèkdkj 'kklu us viuh jkT; uhfr ds :i esa okLrfod vkradokn dks gh çR;v{k
vFkok ijks{k :i esa viuk;k FkkA gkykafd os bls lkoZtfud :i ls dHkh Lohdkj ugha djrs
FksA mu jkT;ksa esa ;kruk, çrkM+uk vkSj çk.knaM tSlh rduhdsa fdlh dkuwu çfrcaèkksa ds fcuk
viukbZ tkrh Fkha rkfd yksx Hk;o'k mudh uhfr;ksa vkSj fopkjèkkjkvksa dk ikyu ,oa fuoZgu
djsaA mYysu[kuh; gS fd LVkhfyu dh rqyuk esa ekvks us vkrad dk lkezkT; vfèkd
O;kui :i ls QSyk;kA bZjku us Hkh [kqeSuh ds 'kklu dky ds nkSjku vfèkdrj
fgald ?kVukvksa dks >syk Fkk tks çk;% okeiafFk;ksa o jkT;ksa }kjk vk;ksftr dh tkrh FkhaA
vfèkdka'k yksxksa dk ekuuk gS fd misf{kr mRihfM+r vkSj oafpr yksxksa }kjk U;k; ikus dh
lkewfgd dk;Zokgh gh vkradokn gSA vkSj bl çfØ;k esa os fgalk dk vkJ; ysrs gSaA ijarq
dfri; lanHkksZa esa jkT; çR;d{k ;k vçR;g{k :i ls vkradokn dk leFkZu ugha djrk gS
vfirq çksRlkgu Hkh nsrk gSA ,sls esa vkradokfn;ksa dk laxfBr lewg Hkh jkT;Ùkj vfHkdÙkkZ
ds :i esa dk;Z djrk gSA bl vkyksd esa dsXtSyh vkSj foêd‚Q tSls fo}kuksa dh iw.kZ ekU;rk
gS fd jkT; vkradokn dks fdlh Hkh mís'; ds ewY;kadu esa 'kkfey fd;k tkuk pkfg,, D;ksafd
fgalkRekd vkradokn ds dqN lokZfèkd fu"Bqj dk;Z jkT; }kjk muds fo:) fd, tkrs gSa tks
mudk fojksèk djrs gSaA euksoSKkfud :i ls vkradokn dk tUe ekul dh 'kwU;krk ls gksrk
gSA vFkZ'kkL=h; :i ls vkradokn dk tUe lkisf{kd oafprokn dh vuqHkwfr ls gksrk gSA

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 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

mÌs'; %
çLrqr 'kksèk i= ds çeq[k mís'; fuEukafdr gS&
 vkradokn dks ifjHkkf"kr djukA
 orZeku lanHkksZa esa vkradokn ds çeq[k dkj.kksa dks fo'ysf"kr djukA
 fofHkUu ns'kksa esa vkradokn ds c<+rs Lrj ds ihNs ds çeq[k dkj.kksa dk fo'ys"k.k djukA
 vkradokn dks jksdus gsrq leqfpr mik;ksa dks lq>kukA

vkadM+ks ds L=ksr %
çLrqr 'kks/k&i= iw.kZ :i ls f}rh;d vkadM+ks dh lgk;rk ysdj rS;kj fd;k x;k gSA 'kks/k
i= dks rS;kj djus esa vkadM+ks dk ladyu fofHkUu miyC/k lkfgR;ksa ls fd;k x;k gS lkFk gh
fofHkUu çdkj uohu vkadM+ks ds laxzg.k gsrq fofHkUu v‚uykbu lzksrksa ls lgk;rk yh x;h gSA

lkfgR; iqujkoyksdu %
bl fo"k; ls lEcfU/kr miyC/k lkfgR;ksa dk laf{kIr fooj.k fuEu çdkj gS&

1- oh- Vh- ikfVy] U;w Qsl vkWQ VsjZfjTe] ykalj ifCyds'ku] fnYyh] 2008 & bl iqLrd
esa uohu vkradokn dk psgjk fn[kk;k x;k gS fd fdl izdkj vkt ds orZeku ;qx esa
vkradokn lHkh {ks=ksa esa mifLFkr gSA blds vykok iqLrd esa vkradokn ds izdkj rFkk
mldh ifjHkk"kkvksa dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA ftlesa eq[; :i ls if'pe ,f'k;k ds
ladV dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gS rFkk ogka lfØ; izeq[k vkraddkjh laxBuksa dk Hkh
mYys[k fd;k x;k gS lkFk gh Hkkjr] ikfdLrku vkSj Jhyadk dh izeq[k
vkraddkjh ?kVukvks]a /kkfeZd vkradokn] yksdra= vkSj vkraddkfj;ksa dh euksoSKkfud
lksp dk o.kZu gS fd D;ksa oks bu ?kVukvksa dks vatke ns jgs gSa\
2- okYMj ykWdj] fn U;w VsjZfjTe % QsusVhflTe ,aM fn vkElZ vkWQ ekl MsLVªD'ku]
vkWDlQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh izsl] 2000 & bl iqLrd ds ek/;e ls vkradokn dk ,sfrgkfld
o lkaLd`frd ifjizs{; ds vykok vkradokfn;ksa ds O;ogkj dks le>us dk rdZlx
a r
vk/kkj Hkh miyC/k djk;k x;k gSA ykWdj blds ek/;e ls jklk;fud o tSfod

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 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

gfFk;kjksa dh miyC/krk o Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh gkfu;ksa dh rjQ /;ku fnykrs gq, ml
fouk'kdkjh rk.Mo ls gesa lpsr djrs izrhr gksrs gSaA bl iqLrd esa ekDlZ] eksgEen dh
fopkj/kkjk] /keZ o jkT; ds vUrZlac/a kks]a vkradokfn;kds izsj.kklzksrksa ds ckjs esa foLrkj ls
crk;k x;k gSA bldh jpuk dk mn~ns'; Hkfo"; esa gfFk;kjksa ls c<+us okyh ijs'kkfu;ksa
ds izfr gekjs Hkhrj nwjn`f"V ls ;qDr fopkjksa dh l`f"V djuk gSA blesa Hkk"kk 'kSyh dks
vk'kkoknh n`f"Vdks.k ls ;qDr fd;k x;k gSA
a h cksje] lkbdksyksth vkWQ VsjZfjTe] lkmFk ¶yksfjMk ;wfuoflZVh izsl] 2004- bl
3- jsM
iqLrd esa vkradoknh fgalk dks euksoSKkfud :i ls le>us dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd
vkf[kj D;ksa yksx bu vkradoknh lewgksa dh vksj vkd`"V gksrs gSaA blesa mu lHkh
igyqvksa dh vksj /;ku fn;k x;k gS tks vkradokn dks jksdus esa lgk;d gks ldrs gSaA
lkFk gh fopkj/kkjk dk vkradokfn;ksa ds O;ogkj ij izHkko dks le>k;k x;k gSA jsM
a h
cksje dk mn~ns'; tgka ,d vksj ;g le>kuk jgk fd dSls ;g laxBu iuirs gSa] dke
djrs gSa vkSj vUr esa u"V gks tkrs gSa] ogha nwljh vksj ;g Hkh jgk fd buds nq%[k esa
gesa Hkkxhnkjh fuHkkuh gksxh rkfd bUgsa lqekxZ ij yk;k tk ldsA bl iqLrd esa ys[kd
dk iz;kl HkkoukRed yxko iSnk djds yksxksa dks ln~thou dh vksj mUeq[k djuk gSA
Hkk"kk'kSyh dh n`f"V ls ;g ekfeZdrk dk izfrfuf/kRo djrh gSA
4- Vksjs chtksjxks] :V dkWtst vkWQ VsjZfjTe ^ feFl fj;fyVh ,aM ost] :Vyt izdk'ku]
2005 & ;g iqLrd vkradokn dh mRifÙk ds izeq[k dkj.kks]a mu fLFkfr;ksa dk o.kZu
djrh gS tks bls c<kus esa lgk;d gSA blesa iztkrkaf=d vlarqyu] oS'ohdj.k]
vk/kqfudhdj.k] vkradokn o ehfM;k laca/kks]a vkradokn ds lkekftd] euksoSKkfud
igyqvks]a fQyhLrhu] e/;iwoZ] ysVhu vejhdh] ;wjksi esa Økafrdkjh vkradokn ds lekfIr
gsrBksl mik;ksa ij Hkh n`f"Vikr djrh gSA lkFk gh jkT; izk;ksftr vkradokn ij
foLrkj ls ppkZ djrh gSA bldk mn~ns'; vkradokn dh mRifÙk ds lHkh dkj.kksa ij
fopkj foe'kZ djuk gSA blesa 'kSyh O;aX;kRed gSA

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 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

vkardokn dh leL;k ds eq[; dkj.k %

orZeku lanHkksaZ esa ns[kk tk, rks ,sls vusd dkj.k gS tks vkradokn tSlh leL;k dks c<+kok
nsus esa vge~ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSA ;|fi vkradokn dh leL;k ls lEcfUèkr ,sls fofHkUu dkj.k
gS tks bl leL;k ds fy, mÙkjnkbZ gksrs gS] ijUrq ;fn egRoiw.kZ dkjdksa ds lanHkZ esa ns[ks
rks ,sls dqN fo'ks"k dkj.k gS tks bl oSfÜod leL;k ds fy, çeq[k :i ls mÙkjnkbZ gS] oLrqr%
vkradokn dks c<+kok nsus okys çeq[k dkjd fuEufyf[kr gS&
 cUnwd] e'khu xu] rksi]sa ,Ve ckse] gkbZMªkstu ce] ijek.kq gfFk;kj] felkby vkfn dk
vf/kd ek=k esa fuekZ.k gksuk-
 vkcknh dk rsth ls c<+uk
 jktuSfrd] lkekftd] vFkZO;oLFkk
 ns'k dh O;oLFkk ds çfr vlarq"V
 f'k{kk dh deh
 xyr laxfr

vkradokn ds blds vykok cgqr ls dkj.k gks ldrs gSA vkradoknh ds vanj lekt] ns'k ds
çfr foæksg] vlarks"k gksrk gS- Hkz"Vkpkj] tkfrokn] vkfFkZd fo"kerk] Hkk"kk dk erHksn ;s lc
vkradokn ds ewy rRo gS] bUgh ds ckn vkradokn iuirk gSA

vkradokn ds nq"ifj.kke %
vkradokn ,d xSj dkuwuh dk;Z gS] ftldk edln vke yksxksa ds vanj fgalk dk Mj iSnk
djuk gSA vkradokn ,d 'kCn ek= ugha gS] ;g ekuo tkfr ds fy, nqfu;k dk lcls cM+k
[krjk gS] ftls ekuo us [kqn fufeZr fd;k gSA vkradokn dk eq[; mís'; lkekftd o
jktuSfrd flLVe dks vkgkr igqpkuk gSA vkradoknh ?kVuk, vR;fèkd fouk'kdkjh gksrh gS]
ekuo ds tu thou ij bu ?kVukvks dk çfrdwy çHkko iM+rk gS] ;g ?kVuk,¡ uk dsoy ekuo
thou dks {kfr igqapkrh gS vfirq jk"Vªksa dh vkfFkZd mUufr dks Hkh cM+s iSekus ij çHkkfor
djrh gSA ;g ?kVuk,a dHkh jktuSfrd }s"k ds dkj.k ?kfVr gksrh gS rks dHkh vU; fofHkUu

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 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

dkj.kksa ds dkj.k] ijUrq lnSo Hkqxruk vketu dks gh iM+rk gS A oLrqr% vkradoknh ?kVukvks
ds çeq[k nq"ifj.kkeksa dks fuEu fcUnqvksa ds varxZr fo'ysf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gS&
 vkradokn ls yksxksa esa Mj iSnk gks tkrk gS] os vius jkT;] ns'k esa vlqjf{kr eglwl
djrs gSA
 vkradokn ds lkeus dbZ ckj ljdkj Hkh detksj fn[kkbZ nsrh gS] ftlls yksxksa dk
ljdkj ij ls Hkjkslk mBrs tk jgk gSA
 vkradokn ds pyrs yk[kksa dh lEifr u"V gks tkrh gS] gtkjksa yk[kksa eklweksa dh tku
pyh tkrh gS] tho&tarq Hkh ekjs tkrs gSA
 ekuotkfr dk ,d nqljs ls Hkjkslk mB tkrk gSA
 ,d vkradoknh xfrfofèk ns[kus ds ckn nwljk vkradoknh Hkh iSnk gksus yxrk gSA

fu"d"kZ %
orZeku le; esa vkradokn dh leL;k fdlh ,d jk"Vª dh uk gksdj ,d oSfÜod leL;k
ds :i esa lcds lkeus gSA vkradoknh xfrfofèk;ksa ds c<+us ls fofHkUu jk"Vªksa ds le{k ladV
mRiUu gks x;k gSA çkIr vkadM+ks ds vkèkkj ij Li"V gksrk gS dh vkradokn dh leL;k ds
fofHkUu nq"ifj.kke gksrs gS ftuds dkj.k jk"Vª dk vkfFkZd fodkl çHkkfor gksrk gSA vr% le;
jgrs bl foÜoO;kih leL;k ds lekèkku gsrq dBksj dkuwuksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkuk vfr
vko';d gSA

References:
1. Duncan, Gillian; Schmid, Alex P. (2011): Bibliography of Terrorism. In: Alex
P. Schmid (Ed.): Te Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. Abingdon:
Routledge, 475-597
2. Schmid, Alex P. (2011): Glossary and Abbreviations of Terms and Concepts
Relating to Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism. In: Alex P. Schmid (Ed.): Te
Routledge Handbook of Terrorism Research. Abingdon: Routledge, 598-706.

IJIRSET © 2022 | An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | 6808

 International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology (IJIRSET)

| e-ISSN: 2319-8753, p-ISSN: 2320-6710| www.ijirset.com | Impact Factor: 8.118|

||Volume 11, Issue 5, May 2022||

| DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2022.1105377|

3. Forest, James J. F. et al. (2006, September 11): Terrorism and

Counterterrorism: An Annotated Bibliography. (Vol. 2).
4. Duncan, Gillian (2009, September): New Literature on Terrorism and Political
Violence. Perspectives on Terrorism, 3(3), 50 - 54.
5. Andrusyszyn, Greta H. (2009, December): Terrorism: A Selected Bibliography.
6. Price, Eric (2010, July): Dissertations and Teses on (Counter-) Terrorism and
Political Violence (1980-2010). Perspectives on Terrorism, 4 (3), 58-63.
7. Freedman, Benjamin (2010, November): Terrorism Research Centres: 100
Institutes, Programs and Organisations in the Field of Terrorism, Counter-
Terrorism, Radicalisation and Asymmetric Warfare Studies. Perspectives on
Terrorism, 4 (5), 48-56.
8. Jongman, Albert J. (Berto) (2011, March): Internet Websites and Links for
(Counter-) Terrorism Research. Perspectives on Terrorism, 5 (1), 22-37.
9. Hofmann, David C. (2012, December): Review Essay: Twenty Important
Journal Articles on Radicalisation to, and De-Radicalisation from, Terrorism.
Perspectives on Terrorism, 6 (6), 104-113.
10.Hofmann, David C.; Schmid, Alex P. (2012, December): Selected Literature
on (i) Radicalization and Recruitment, (ii) De-Radicalization and Dis-
Engagement, and (iii) Counter-Radicalization and Countering Violent
Extremism. Perspectives on Terrorism, 6(6), 114-143.
11.Price, Eric (2013, June): Literature on Refugee Situations (including Internally
Displaced Persons) and Terrorism (incl. other Forms of Political Violence and
Armed Confict). Perspectives on Terrorism, 7 (3), 99- 113.

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