THE NERVOUS

SYSTEM
THE FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM

• 1. Gathers information
• 2. Transmits information
• 3. Process information
• 4. Sends information
THE BASIC FUNCTIONAL UNIT
OF THE NS
NEURONS
- basic functional unit of the NS
- it carries information through the nervous
system
* neurons cannot reproduce.
Parts of the Neurons:
a. cell body - contains the nucleus
- controls the activities of the
cell
b. dendrites - receive and carry information
towards the cell body.
c. axon - carry information away from the
cell body.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IS
DIVIDED INTO TWO:
1. CENTRAL Nervous System
2. PERIPHERAL Nervous System
 1. CENTRAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE BRAIN
 THE 6 MAIN PARTS OF THE
BRAIN
• 1. CEREBRUM
- is the largest part of the brain (makes up
85% of the human brain)
- divided into LEFT and RIGHT hemisphere
- divided again into four:
a. frontal
b. parietal
c. temporal
d. occipital
Function:
 it is the area for:
- learning
- intelligence
- judgment
 it also shapes your:
- attitude
- emotions
- personality
2. Cerebellum
- second largest part of the brain
- responsible for:
*muscle coordination.
* balance
* posture
* muscle tone
•3. Diencephalon
- have 2 main parts:
a. thalamus
b. hypothalamus (link
bet. ES and NS)
a. THALAMUS
- function:
 directs sensory impulses to the
cerebrum

b. HYPOTHALAMUS
- functions:
- controls and regulate:
 temperature
 appetite
 water balance
 sleep
 feelings (anger, pleasure, fear, pain
affection)
4. Midbrain
- function:
 it process visual and
auditory reflexes.
• 5. Pons
- function:
 responsible for a certain
reflex action such as:
- chewing
- tasting
- saliva production
• 6. Medulla Oblongata
- function:
 controls
- heartbeat
- breathing
- digestion
- swallowing
- coughing
- sneezing
- blood pressure
* aka: CENTER FOR
RESPIRATION
THE SPINAL CORD
SPINAL CORD
- located inside the backbone/spine
- it is 1.8cm wide
- functions:
 it regulates spinal reflex (spinal reflexes
does not anymore
involves the brain)
ex: a. blinking when insects
move close to the eye.
b. touching hot objects.
REGIONS OF THE SPINAL
CORD
1.CERVICAL
2.THORACIC
3. LUMBAR
4. SACRAL
5. COCCYX
 SPINAL CORD
INJURY
•QUADRIPLEGIA (HANDS AND FEET)
• PARAPLEGIA (FEET)
• HEMIPLEGIA (1 HAND & 1 FOOT)
QUIZ