COORDINATION SYSTEM

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Consists of:
1.Brain
CENTRAL
2.Spinal Cord NERVOUS
SYSTEM
Connected to the various part of body by

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

(sensory nerves - to the CNS) and motor
nerves- from the CNS)
made of

NEURONES
Nodes of Ranvier
Allow rapid conduction of
impluses by forcing them
to “jump’ from one node to
the next
Central Nervous System
responsible for regulating and
controlling the activities of the nervous
system

CONSIST OF
BRAIN and SPINAL CORD
 Two Major
Divisions of the
Nervous System
Parts of BRAIN

1. Medulla Oblongata

2. Cerebellum (small brain)

3. Mesencephalon (mid brain)

4. Diencephalon (fore brain)

5. Cerebrum (large brain)

 Communication Between
Neurons
- The use of
neurotransmitters
causes an electrical
current

There is enough
electrical current in
the brain to power a
flashlight
 BRAIN
• as the central
coordination
• lies in skull
• a mass of 100
billion neurons
located inside
the skull
Meninges Layer
 Meninges Layer
• Piameter : contains of blood vessel

• Arachnoid : between piameter and

arachnoid present with cerebrospinal liquid
as the protector from any impact.

• Durameter : as the most outer layer stick

to the skull.
 Second

If you were running a race, and you

passed the person in 2nd place, what place
would you be in now?
 CEREBRUM

Cerebrum
Cerebrum

Cerebellum
Cerebral Cortex - The outermost layer of gray matter
making up the superficial aspect of the cerebrum.
 Four Parts in
Cerebrum
• Oxipitallis Lobe --> center of sight

• Temporalis Lobe --> center of hearing

• Parietal Lobe --> senses and integrating of

sense,languages
• Frontal Lobe --> memory formation,
emotions, decision making, personality.
 Mesencephalon
• lies in front of varol
bridge.
Responsible for :
1. centre of eye and
hearing reflex
2. muscle tenus and
body position
 Diencephalon
• will form thalamus and
hypothalamus

• Thalamus is sensoric
controlling center
• Hypothalamus is
regulating body
temperature, sleeping
pattern, water balance,
eating, thirsty, emotion
and reproductive
behaviour.
 Cerebellum
• located in anterior
part of medulla
oblongata

• main function :
- Muscle coordination
- Balance
- Posture
•
Medulla
connect brain to
Oblongata
spinal cord
• Responsible for:
- Breathing
- Swallowing
- Heartbeat
- Blood pressure
 Spinal Cord Marrow
• Column of nerves from
brain to tailbone
• protected by vertebrae of
spine
• Responsible for:
Conducting impulses
between the brain and the
rest of the body
*Impulses may travel as
fast at 268 miles/hr
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Based on its function,

• CONSCIOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM ( SOMATIC)

• INVOLUNTARY NERVOUS SYSTEM

(AUTONOMOUS)
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

INVOLUNTARY NERVOUS SYSTEM :

•sympathetic
•parasympathetic
REFLEX ACTION
Diseases and Disorders
• AMNESIA
• HYDROCEPHALUS
• PARKINSON
• EPILEPSY
• MIGRAEN
• TUMORS
AMNESIA

Amnesia is a deficit in
memory caused by
brain damage or
disease, but it can also
be caused temporarily
 HYDROCEPHALUS

is a condition in which an accumulation of

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) occurs within the brain
 PARKINSON
Parkinson's disease is a brain disorder that leads to shaking,
stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination
 EPILEPSY
central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity
becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior,
sensations and sometimes loss of awareness.
 Migraine
A migraine is a headache that can cause severe
throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one
side of the head.
 Brain Tumor
a mass or growth of abnormal cells in
your brain.