8 English

Quarter 4 - Module 1
Using Appropriate Grammatical
Signals or Expressions Suitable to
each Pattern of Idea Development
(General to Particular, Claim and
Counterclaim)
English – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 1: Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions Suitable
to each Pattern of Idea Development (General to Particular, Claim and Counterclaim)
First Edition, 2021

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the
Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/Illustrator/Layout Artist/Editor:
Jayzel Ann S. Ravelo
John Jeric G. Buhain
Elygin C. Torres
Melarina DL. Verano
Content Evaluator: Cherry Lou C. Dela Cruz, Christian Charles R. Centeno
Language Evaluator: Cherry Lou C. Dela Cruz, Christian Charles R. Centeno
Layout Evaluator: Cherry Lou C. Dela Cruz, Christian Charles R. Centeno
Management Team: Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr.
Rainelda M. Blanco
Agnes R. Bernardo
Jay Arr V. Sangoyo
Glenda S. Constantino
Joannarie C. Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education--- Schools Division of Bulacan

Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 8

English
Quarter 4 - Module 1
Using Appropriate Grammatical
Signals or Expressions Suitable to
Each Pattern of Idea Development
(General to Particular, Claim and
Counterclaim)
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module will help you understand and utilize appropriate grammatical
signals or expressions suitable to the different patterns of idea development.
These signal words and expressions will guide you in writing cohesive and
coherent paragraphs. This module contains a variety of activities that will help
you achieve the target skills.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• differentiate general and particular statements, claims and
counterclaims;
• recognize the parts and pattern used in developing a paragraph;
• identify and use correct signal words in sentences; and
• construct a cohesive and coherent paragraph using different grammatical
signals.

What I Know

Directions: Read each statement and identify the term that is being referred to in each
sentence. Choose the letter of your answer from the given choices.

_______ 1. This is a statement of one’s standpoint or belief on a certain subject.

A. claim B. counterclaim C. general idea
_______ 2. This refers to ideas that are specific and contains supporting information about a
certain topic.
A. counterclaim B. general idea C. particular idea
_______ 3. This refers to the main idea of a paragraph.
A. general idea B. particular idea C. topic sentence
_______ 4. This pertains to a statement that contradicts one’s belief and point.
A. claim B. counterclaim C. general idea
_______ 5. The following signal words can be used to express particular or specific ideas
except for one.
A. for instance B. specifically C. on the contrary

Directions: Read each sentence and determine whether it expresses a general or a particular
idea. Write G if it contains a general idea and P if it is particular.

_______ 6. Mr. and Mrs. Lopez work hard to provide for their children.
_______ 7. Mr. and Mrs. Lopez work overtime to provide for their three sons and two
daughters.
_______ 8. Lauren has a sweet tooth.
_______ 9. Lauren loves eating sweets, especially chocolates and ice cream.
_______ 10. Every Saturday, I go to the supermarket to buy my weekly supplies like food and
toiletries.
_______ 11. I do grocery shopping once a week.

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Directions: Tell whether the statement is a claim or a counterclaim. Write CL if it is a claim,
and CC if it is a counterclaim.

_______ 12. Aristotle and Ptolemy believed that the Earth is the center of the universe.
_______ 13. However, this was refuted by Nicolaus Copernicus, who proposed that the solar
system is sun-centered.
_______ 14. Famous scientist Galileo Galilei proved the Heliocentric theory of Copernicus
when he observed the movement of the heavenly bodies with the use of his
telescope.
_______ 15. Johannes Kepler agreed with Copernicus and stated that all planets orbit the
Sun in an elliptical path.

What’s In

Look at the picture below and write four (4) sentences that express your thoughts about
it. Applying what you have learned from the previous module, make sure to observe
parallelism in constructing your own sentences. This will help you express your ideas with
clarity and balance.

1.

2.

3.

4.

Being able to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences is essential

in writing effective paragraphs. The use of different grammatical signals or expressions will
help you organize your sentences and unify them into one coherent and cohesive paragraph.
You will learn more about these grammatical signals in this module. Are you ready? Let’s
proceed!

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 What’s New

BULACAN: HOME OF GREAT TREASURES

Jayzel Ann S. Ravelo

Bulacan is one of the provinces in the

Philippines that has remarkable historical
background and rich cultural heritage. This
province converges the ancient and the
contemporary and connects the north and the
south. Located in Central Luzon, it is the
cradle of many well-known heroes and
notable artists. To name a few, we have
Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Mariano Ponce,
Gregorio Del Pilar, Francisco Balagtas and
Guillermo Tolentino, whose names have
been published in different textbooks.
Furthermore, Bulacan is home to
mouthwatering native delicacies such as
pastillas, minasa, inipit, ensaymada, bibingka
and puto. Let us not forget the crowd favorite chicharon, best paired with sukang Paombong!
These delicacies, as well as other native products and jewelries, have been great sources of
income for many Bulakenyos. People also come to witness and celebrate different festivals
like the Buntal Hat Festival and the Lenten Procession of Baliwag, the Singkaban Festival of
Malolos, the Minasa Festival of Bustos, the Carabao Festival of Pulilan, and the Fertility Dance
of Obando. Lastly, one of the greatest treasures of Bulacan is its people. Characterized by
their hard work, piety and craftmanship, Bulakenyos surely embody the qualities of a true
Filipino.

Directions: Answer the following questions on a separate answer sheet.

1. What is the main idea of the paragraph?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. What are the details that support the main idea?

a. _________________________________________________________________
b. _________________________________________________________________
c. _________________________________________________________________
d. _________________________________________________________________

3. What are the signal words used in the paragraph?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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 What is It

Using Appropriate Grammatical Signals or Expressions

Suitable to Each Pattern of Idea Development

A paragraph is a group of sentences about a certain idea or topic. It is considered as

one of the building blocks of essays and all other genres of prose. There are many factors to
consider in writing a paragraph. They will enable you to effectively express your ideas and will
help your readers easily understand your content.

• Structure – This refers to the main parts of your paragraph – the topic sentence, the
supporting sentences, and the concluding sentence.

✓ The topic sentence presents the main idea of the paragraph.

This is usually found at the beginning, but can also be stated
in the middle or the end. The topic sentence directs and
summarizes the paragraph.
✓ The supporting sentences provide details, facts, explanations,
examples, etc. to expand and discuss the topic sentence.
✓ The concluding sentence sums up the ideas in the paragraph. Usually, it
restates the main idea and sometimes provides conclusions about the
paragraph.

• Idea Development and Organization – An effective paragraph should be unified,

clear, coherent, and well-developed. In developing your ideas, you can use different
patterns. One of them is general to particular/specific.

GENERAL IDEA
GENERAL TO PARTICULAR

✓ This is also known as the deductive method.

✓ You may start the paragraph with a broad topic
followed by supporting details. This can be done
by providing examples, explanations and vivid
descriptions about the topic.
✓ Signal words or transitions can also be used to
express general and particular ideas.
PARTICULAR/
SPECIFIC
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 General ideas are broad and unspecific statements that need to be explained
further. Here are some signal words for general statements and major details.

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR GENERAL STATEMENTS

generally primarily largely in general

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR MAJOR DETAILS

First second third another

furthermore moreover in addition next

Particular or specific ideas clarify, describe, illustrate, provide examples, or

explain general ideas. They support the general idea. Examples of signal words for
specific ideas are listed in the table below.

SIGNAL WORDS USED FOR PARTICULAR IDEAS

for instance for example to illustrate to be specific
specifically particularly such as like

GENERAL IDEA PARTICULAR / SPECIFIC

Smoking can cause illnesses like

Smoking is dangerous to your
cancer, respiratory problems and
health.
other chronic diseases.

• The second pattern that can be used is claim and

CLAIM AND COUNTERCLAIM
counterclaim. This includes arguments, their
reasons, and evidence that proves your stand.
✓ The use of signal verbs may
suggest your stand on a specific
✓ A claim refers to a person’s stand on a
topic.
certain subject or issue, whereas a
✓ You can also use transition
counterclaim pertains to the opposing
words or phrases to make your
viewpoint on a topic or a stand.
paragraph clear and cohesive.

✓ Reasons and evidence are important in this

because they support and explain the validity
of an argument.

✓ Transition words and signal verbs may be used to exhibit

the relationship of the claim, the reason and the evidence.

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 The tables below contain examples of grammatical signals or expressions that can
be used for claims, counterclaims, reasons and evidence.

SIGNAL VERBS FOR CLAIMS

agree claim Conclude discuss
illustrate observe Say show
suggest support Think state
propose present point out explain

SIGNAL WORDS/VERBS FOR COUNTERCLAIMS

argue refute disagree oppose
contradict however but in contrast
otherwise notwithstanding in opposition nevertheless
on the other hand / although… while it may be others may say
on the contrary even though… true…still that…but
it’s easy to think… but when you look at
it is often thought/ supposed/imagined…
the facts

To show evidence from other resources, you may use the following transitions:

SIGNAL WORDS FOR CITING EVIDENCE

the work of ______
according to... evidence shows…
indicates…
based on the
the study reveals… (the author) claims
evidence/data…

Take this excerpt from an article as an example. Notice how the author effectively
used grammatical signals to express claims and counterclaims about the topic.

CONSUMING FRIED FOOD, EVEN IN MODERATION, IS HARMFUL TO OUR

HEARTS, SAYS STUDY

The more fried chicken, fish, and potatoes you eat, the more likely you are to
develop serious heart disease in the long term. That’s according to a new scientific
investigation, based on a meta-analysis of nearly 20 studies showing that fried foods are
associated with an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

It’s often believed that certain foods, even though they are considered harmful to
health, are safe when eaten in moderation. But a new study warns of the harmful effects
of fried foods on the heart and arteries, even in small portions. However, the study does
have some limitations, as the researchers themselves point out. For example, the
mechanism behind the impact of these foods on the development of cardiovascular
disease is not entirely clear, though there are some hypotheses.

Source: Inquirer.net

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 What’s More
Independent Activity 1
WORD HUNT
Directions: Look for five (5) words in the puzzle to complete the sentences that follow.
Write the answers on your answer sheet.

M I A L C R E T N U O C
A R E C S O N S Q B U L
I U G L S N E D I V E A
C K P A R T I C U L A R
L H E I F R E D G H U E
E R B M B Y U I P K G N
R F A D E D U C T I V E
Y T R A N S T I O N E G

1. The general to particular pattern of ideas is also called the _____________

method.
2. A _____________ is a person’s own point or stand on a certain topic or issue.
3. A ____________ contradicts one’s claim.
4. A ____________ statement is a vague idea that needs more explanation or
descriptions.
5. A ____________ statement supports the general idea.

Independent Assessment 1
AGREE OR DISAGREE
Directions: Determine whether you agree or disagree with each statement below. Draw
the THUMBS UP icon ( ) if you agree with the statement, and draw the THUMBS
DOWN icon ( ) if otherwise. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

AGREE DISAGREE STATEMENTS

1. The topic sentence contains the main idea and is

always found at the beginning of the paragraph.

2. Signal words help in organizing and unifying the

ideas in a paragraph.

3. The general idea supports the particular or specific

idea.

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 4. Signal words are limited to conjunctions.

5. An effective paragraph is characterized by unity,

clarity, and coherence.

Independent Activity 2
COMPLETE ME
Directions: Read each sentence carefully and supply the appropriate grammatical
signal to complete its thought. Select your answer from the given pool of words.

on the other hand in contrast according to

such as particularly

1. Klarisse strictly practices different healthy habits ___________ eating nutritious

food, sleeping early, and playing sports.
2. Jenny lives a very simple life. _________, her sister Lenny is very luxurious.
3. __________ to what has been announced, the flight was cancelled.
4. __________ the weather updates, there is 100% chance of heavy rain today.
5. Jony is a big fan of sports, ___________ basketball.

Independent Assessment 2
SCRIBBLE TIME
Directions: Read each sentence carefully. In the box, write whether it is a general or
a particular idea. If your answer is general, compose a specific statement to support
the idea. On the other hand, if your answer is particular, construct a general statement
which will serve as your topic sentence.

1. One of the major problems commuters experience in the city is traffic.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2. Many teenagers are fond of playing different multiplayer online games like Mobile
Legends, Rules of Survival and League of Legends.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

3. Education is your passport to the future.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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4. The Philippines has a lot of tourist spots.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

5. Filipinos are known for possessing desirable values such as being hospitable,
family-oriented, religious, optimistic, adaptable and fun-loving.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Independent Activity 3
PARAGRAPH STUDY
Directions: Read the paragraph and fill in the details on the table based on the text.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Climate change is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical

weather patterns in a place. Climate change could refer to a particular location
or the planet as a whole. Climate change may cause weather patterns to be less
predictable. These unexpected weather patterns can make it difficult to maintain
and grow crops in regions that rely on farming because expected temperature
and rainfall levels can no longer be relied on. Climate change has also been
connected with other damaging weather events such as more frequent and more
intense hurricanes, floods, downpours, and winter storms.

(Taken from https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/climate-change/)

TITLE ___________________________________
TOPIC SENTENCE ___________________________________
___________________________________
SUPPORTING SENTENCES ___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
PATTERN OF PARAGRAPH
DEVELOPMENT ___________________________________

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 Independent Assessment 3
TAKE A STAND!
Directions: Fill in the graphic organizer below by writing your claim or counterclaim on
the given statement. Write at least three sentences to support your answer. Use
appropriate signal words in constructing your sentences.

Statement:
Children should be allowed
to access social media sites
such as Facebook, Twitter,
and Youtube.
Your claim/ counterclaim:
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_____________________

Your Supporting Sentences

________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

After accomplishing the activities, it is time for you to share your insights and
realizations about using appropriate grammatical signals in developing ideas. Complete the
statement in the notepads below.

In this module, Furthermore, I

I learned that… realized that…
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________
_____________________ _____________________

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 What I Can Do
Different alternative learning modalities are offered this school year to adapt to the new
normal in education. Write a paragraph about the distance learning modality that your school
is currently implementing. Use the general to particular pattern in writing your ideas.

Your paragraph will be graded based on the given rubric:

Point Value 3 points 2 points 1 point

Topic Sentence Interesting, original Clearly stated topic Missing, invalid, or
topic sentence, sentence inappropriate topic
reflecting thought presents one main sentence; main idea
and insight; focused idea. is missing.
on one interesting
main idea
Supporting Details Interesting, concrete Sufficient number of Insufficient, vague,
and descriptive examples and details or undeveloped
examples and details that relate to the examples
with explanations topic
that relate to the
topic
Organization Thoughtful, logical Acceptable No discernible
progression of arrangement of pattern of
supporting examples examples organization;
Unrelated details
Transitions Appropriate Inappropriate use of No transitions at all
transitions between transitions
ideas
Mechanics Consistent standard Some errors, but A few errors in
English usage, none major, in usage, spelling, or
spelling and usage, spelling, or punctuation (5 or
punctuation; no punctuation (1-4) more)
errors

Assessment
General Directions: Read each statement and determine what is being referred to.
Write the letter that corresponds to your answer from the given choices.

A. Choose the letter of the correct answer in the given statements.

1. The following sentences are true about paragraph except for one.
a. A paragraph should always follow the general to particular pattern.
b. A paragraph should be clear, cohesive, coherent, and well-developed.
c. A paragraph has a topic sentence, supporting sentences, and a concluding
sentence.

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 2. This is the function of grammatical signals.
a. They make the sentences longer and more informative.
b. They give supporting information about the topic sentence.
c. They help organize and unify the sentences in a paragraph.

3. The following are characteristics of general ideas except for one.

a. broad b. vague c. vivid

4. This word best describes a particular statement.

a. ambiguous b. detailed c. unclear

5. The following signal verbs can be used to express a counterclaim except for one.
a. agree b. oppose c. refute

B. Choose the correct signal word to complete each sentence.

a. for instance b. furthermore c. nevertheless

6. Texting while driving is illegal, __________, it is dangerous.

7. I want to visit other countries, __________, Switzerland and France.
8. Rosie was exhausted, ___________, she still opted to work overtime.

C. Determine whether the sentence expreses a general or a particular idea. Choose the letter
of your answer.
a. general idea b. particular idea

9. The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the lives of the Filipinos.

10. People are susceptible to be infected by COVID-19, particularly the health workers,
senior citizens and those with underlying health conditions.
11. Also, the pandemic has caused a huge shift in the field of education.
12. The most common symptoms of Covid are fever, chills, fatigue, loss of smell and taste.

D. Tell whether the sentence expresses a claim or a counterclaim. Choose the letter of your
answer.
a. claim b. counterclaim

13. Although technology has made our world a better place, some people believe that
technology has damaged intimate relations.
14. The use of computer and access to online resources according to Akende and Bamise
are comparatively important to students.
15. Ogedebe agreed that majority of students obtain relevant information such as
academic materials from the internet.

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 Additional Activities

One of the most controversial issues nowadays is the vaccine for COVID-19. Read or
watch some news reports about this issue from reliable sources. Then, write an essay that
cites your claim or counterclaim on the development and use of the vaccine. Be reminded to
provide evidence that will support your stand. Also, make use of different grammatical signals
to make your essay cohesive and coherent. Write your output on a separate sheet of paper.

3 2 1
Thesis The thesis is a single The thesis is obvious, There is an unclear
clear and eloquent but it is not made in a thesis/it is irrelevant or
statement of the single statement; it is off-topic.
central argument; it is interesting and
original, interesting, relevant.
and relevant.
Support There is outstanding There is appropriate There is poor or
use of appropriate use of information as inappropriate use of
information as evidence or support. information as
evidence or support. The evidence used to evidence or support.
The evidence used to support the central The evidence used
support the thesis is point is well chosen, does not clearly
rich, detailed, and well though not particularly support the main
chosen. rich or detailed. argument.
Structure/ The paper has The paper is well The paper is poorly
Organizatioln excellent organization organized and organized or fails to
and contains a clear contains an include an
introduction, body, and introduction, body, and introduction, body, or
conclusion. conclusion. conclusion.
Syntax and All sentences are Most sentences are Many sentences are
Construction complete and complete and incomplete and/or
grammatically correct. grammatical. Most ungrammatical. In
Every paragraph paragraphs have one many paragraphs,
makes one distinct distinct and coherent there is not a distinct
and coherent point. point. or coherent point.
Connections All paragraphs move Connections and Connections and
Use of signal naturally from one to transitions are present transitions between
words the next. Connections between most paragraphs are poor,
among paragraphs are paragraphs and are haphazard, or missing.
clearly articulated and generally effective. Also, it is unclear how
the transitions are Also, most paragraphs each paragraph
effective. All clearly relate to the connects to the thesis.
paragraphs directly thesis.
relate to the thesis.

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 14
What I Know Independent Assessment 1
6. 4.
1. A
7. 5.
2. C
3. C 8.
4. B
5. C Independent Activity 2
6. G 1. such as
7. P 2. on the other hand
8. G 3. in contrast
9. P 4. according to
10. P 5. particularly
11. G
12. CL Independent Assessment 2
13. CC 1. general
14. CL 2. particular
15. CL 3. general
4. general
What’s In 5. particular
Answers may vary. Sentences to be Sentences may vary.
constructed should be based on the students’
ideas or thoughts. Independent Activity 3
Title Climate Change
What’s New Topic Climate change is the long-
Sentence
1. Bulacan is one of the provinces in the term alteration of temperature
Philippines that has remarkable historical and typical weather patterns in
background and rich cultural heritage. This a place.
province converges the ancient and the Supporting 1.Climate change could refer to
Sentences
contemporary and connects the north and the a particular location or the
south. planet as a whole.
2. The supporting details are: 2.Climate change may cause
a. It is the cradle of many well-known heroes weather patterns to be less
and notable artists. predictable.
b. Bulacan is home to mouthwatering native 3.Climate change has also
delicacies such as, pastillas, minasa, inipit, been connected with other
ensaymada, bibingka, and puto. damaging weather events.
c. Bulakenyos celebrate different festivals. Pattern General to Particular
d. One of the greatest treasures of the
Bulacan is its people. Independent Assessment 3,
3. Some of the grammatical signals used What I have Learned, What I can Do, and
are furthermore, such as, like, and lastly. Additional Activity
Answers may vary.
What’s More
Independent Activity 1 Assessment
1. Deductive 1. A 6. B 11. A
2. Claim 2. C 7. A 12. B
3. Counterclaim 3. C 8. C 13. B
4. General 4. B 9. A 14. A
5. particular 5. A 10. B 15. A
Answer Key
 References
A. Book
Inocencio, Ines Llopis. 2013. Essay. In Breaking Grounds through English Afro Asian
Literature, edited by Maria Clara V Ravina, 14. Quezon City, Philippines: Ephesians
Publishing Inc.

B. Electronic Sources
Alexander, Felicity. 2017. "Writing Drill". Slideplayer.Com.
https://slideplayer.com/slide/10905427/.

"Climate Change". 2021. National Geographic Society.

https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/climate-change.

"Consuming Fried Food, Even In Moderation, Is Harmful To Our Hearts, Says Study".
2021. INQUIRER.Net. https://technology.inquirer.net/107360/consuming-fried-food-
even-in-moderation-is-harmful-to-our-hearts-says-study#ixzz6kXhmUyWw.

Ishwayuni, S. Pd. 2020. General and Specific Terms. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://repository.ut.ac.id/3806/1/PBIS4208-M1.pdf Microsoft® Encarta®

ITPM. 2021. "Quick Facts About Bulacan: Answers To 25+ FAQ You Want To Know -
Bulakenyo.Ph". Bulakenyo.Ph. https://www.bulakenyo.ph/quick-facts-about-bulacan-faq-
answers/.

"Lesson 6: Drafting "Counter Claim" Paragraph - High School Equivalency Exam".

2021. Sites.Google.Com. https://sites.google.com/site/gedirw/la-activity-6

Palero, JM. 2016. “English 8 - Pattern of Idea Development (General to Particular)”. Accessed
January 23, 2021. https://www.slideshare.net/jmpalero/english-8-pattern-ofidea-
development-general-to-particular

Riebeek, Holli. 2009. "Planetary Motion: The History Of An Idea That Launched The Scientific
Revolution".ZEarthobservatory.Nasa.Gov.
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/OrbitsHistory.

"Rubric For Evaluation Of The Paragraph". Mesacc.Edu.

https://www.mesacc.edu/~paoih30491/RubricParagraphAssignment.html.

"Signal Verbs - Center For Academic Success - UIS". Uis.Edu. Accessed January 24.
https://www.uis.edu/cas/thelearninghub/writing/handouts/grammar-mechanics-and-
style/signal-verbs/.

"TBS Writing Skills Essay Rubric.Pdf". 2021. Trngcmd.Marines.Mil.

https://www.trngcmd.marines.mil/Portals/207/Docs/TBS/TBS%20Writing%20Skills%
20Essay%20Rubric.pdf.

“Topics, Main Ideas, And Topic Sentence". Pearson.Com.

https://www.pearson.com/content/dam/one-dot-com/one-dot-com/us/en/higher-
ed/en/products-services/course-products/mcwhorter-2e-info/pdf/sample-chapter--
ch03.pdf.

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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