Muhammad Shahbaz

Legislation shahbaz.anwar2@liv
e.com
03212220709
LEGISLATIVE AUTHORITIES
POWER TO MAKE LAW
The Constitution dictates, among other things, how the
legislatures (Parliament and provincial Assemblies) should
conduct their legislative processes. In addition there are the
relevant Rules of Parliament and the conventions of the other
legislatures that have a bearing on lawmaking.
Power of President to promulgate the Ordinance & Power of
Governor to promulgate the Ordinance
LEGISLATURE AND LEGISLATIVE POWERS Legislative powers
are divided between Federation and Provincial Assemblies
Federal Legislative Powers enumerated in Fourth Schedule of
Constitution Residuary Powers lies with Provincial Legislature
Federal and Provincial Legislatures Supreme in their Respective
Fields.
BILL / PROPOSED LAW
Generally there are two forms of bills: new legislation sponsored by Government
ministers are called Government bills and bills that originate with a member of
Parliament are known as private members’ bills.101 Both can be passed by a simple
majority.
Bills are also classified by type, according to the subject matter addressed. For
example, a constitutional amendment bill, which can originate in either house, is
intended to amend the Constitution and requires a two-thirds majority of both houses to
pass.
A money bill is a Government bill that deals “with matters of revenues and
expenditures, and it originates in the National Assembly.”

Types of Bill
Private Member Bill
Government Bill
Money Bill
Constitution amendment Bill
LEGISLATION / STATUTES / ENACTMENTS
In the Constitution “ Act of Parliament” or “Federal Law” or “ Act
of Provincial Assembly” or “Provincial Law “ shall include an
Ordinance promulgated by the President or, as the case may be, a
Governor.
Federal Law
Act passed Parliament or National Assembly and assented to or
deemed to have been assented to, by the President.
Provincial Law
A law made by or under the authority of the Provincial Assembly.
Act of Parliament
Act passed Parliament or the National Assembly and assented to or have
been assented to, by the President.
Act of Provincial Assembly
Act passed by the Provincial Assembly of a Province and assented to, or
deemed to have assented to, by the Governor.
Ordinance

If the National Assembly is not in session and some matter

warrants immediate action, then President may issue
Ordinance (valid for 4 months) which will have the same force
as Act of Parliament. To become a permanent law, the
ordinance has to be presented before Parliament for
confirmation within its life
MAJLIS-E-SHOORA (PARLIAMENT)
Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) of Pakistan consisting of The President and two
houses to be known respectively as The National Assembly and The Senate.
PROCESS OF LAW MAKING
The Constitution sets out the procedure to be followed for promulgating a statute.
Broadly, this requires a Bill to be passed by both Houses of Parliament – the
National Assembly and the Senate. Upon a Bill’s passage through both Houses, it is
presented to the President of Pakistan for assent and becomes an Act of Parliament
upon receiving such assent.
In the absence of the National Assembly, statutes are promulgated by the President
pursuant to Article 89(1) of the Constitution. Under this Article, the President may, if
satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate
action, make and promulgate an Ordinance. Such Ordinances have the same force
and effect as an Act of Parliament.
A similar power is bestowed upon Provincial Governors by Article 128(1) of the
Constitution in respect of matters falling within provincial legislative authority.
When a Bill has been passed by the Provincial Assembly, it shall be presented
to the Governor for assent. It shall become law and be called an Act of
Provincial Assembly.
(2) When a Bill is presented to the Governor for assent, the Governor shall,
within ten days,— (a) assent to the Bill; or (b) in the case of a Bill other than
a Money Bill, return the Bill to the Provincial Assembly with a message
requesting that the Bill, or any specified provision thereof, be reconsidered
and that any amendment specified in the message be considered.
(3) When the Governor has returned a Bill to the Provincial Assembly, it shall
be reconsidered by the Provincial Assembly and, if it is again passed, with or
without amendment, by the Provincial Assembly, by the votes of the majority
of the members of the Provincial Assembly present and voting, it shall be
again presented to the Governor and the Governor shall give his assent within
ten days, failing which such assent shall be deemed to have been given]. (4)
When the Governor has assented 5 [or his deemed to have assented] to a
Bill, t shall become law and be called an Act of Provincial Assembly.
The Governor may, except when the Provincial Assembly is in session,
if satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take
immediate action, make and promulgate an Ordinance as the
circumstances may require.
(2) An Ordinance promulgated under this Article shall have the same
force and effect as an Act of the Provincial Assembly.
THANK YOU