SEMI- DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS 10

DERIVING THE FORMULA FOR FINDING THE

NUMBER OF COMBINATIONS OF n OBJECT

Content Standards
The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of combinatorics and probability.
Performance Standards
The learner is able to use precise counting technique and probability in formulating
conclusions and making decisions.
Learning Competency
The learner derives the formula for finding the number of combinations of n objects taken r at
a time.

I. Objectives
After the lesson, students are expected to do the following with at least 75% correctness:
a) derives the formula for finding the number of combinations of n objects taken r at
a time; (M10SP-IIId-1)
b) solve for the value of C in equations involving combinations; and
c) find the value of n or r in combinations.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Deriving the formula for finding the number of combinations of n object
Reference: Learner’s Module 10 , Internet sources
Resources: Cartolina, visual aids, chalk, board

III. Procedures
A . Preparatory Activities
Prayer
Word of the Day
B. Review
Review on Combinations

C. Lesson Proper
Deriving the formula for the number of combinations of n objects

The number of permutation of n objects taken r at a time can be determined by the number of
selection of n objects taken r at a time and by the number of ways to order the r objects selected.

P ( n , r )=C ( n ,r ) × P ( r , r )
From the equation above, supply the missing quantities in order to perform the required steps thus
derive the formula for finding the number of combinations of n objects taken r at a time.
 P ( n , r )=C ( n ,r ) × P ( r , r )
P (n , r )
=C ( n , r )
❑
❑ =C ( n , r )
r!
n!
• ❑ =C ( n , r )
( n −r ) ! ❑
n!
=C ( n ,r ) , n ≥ r ≥ 0
( n −r ) ! r !

Let us solve the following examples using the formula of combinations.

Example 1: C ( 5 , 2 )

5! 5!
C ( 5 , 2 )= =
( 5 −2 ) ! 2! 3 !2!
5 • 4 •3 • 2•1
¿
( 3• 2• 1 )( 2 •1 )
¿ 10

Example 2: C ( 7 , 3 )

7! 7!
C ( 7 , 3) = =
(7 − 3) ! 3 ! 4 ! 3 !
7 •6 •5 • 4 •3 •2 •1
( 4 • 3• 2• 1 )( 3 •2 •1 )
¿ 35

The teacher will then give another examples, this time is to find the value of n or r using the formula
of combinations.

Example 3: C ( n , 4 )=15

n ( n −1 ) ( n− 2 ) ( n −3 )
=15
4!
n ( n −1 ) ( n− 2 ) ( n −3 )
=15
24
n ( n −1 ) ( n −2 ) ( n −3 )=15 ( 24 )
n ( n −1 ) ( n −2 ) ( n −3 )=360
6 ( 6 −1 )( 6 − 2 )( 6 − 3 )=6 • 5• 4 • 3
6 •5 • 4 •3=6 •5 • 4 •3
Therefore, n=6.

Using the formula of combinations:

C ( 6 , 4 ) =15
 6! 6 •5 • 4 •3 • 2•1
C ( 6 , 4) = = =15
( 6 − 4 ) ! 4 ! ( 2 •1 ) ( 4 •3 • 2• 1 )

Example 4: C ( n , 2 )=78

n ( n −1 )
=78
2!
n ( n −1 )
=78
2
n ( n −1 ) =78(2)
n ( n −1 ) =156
13 ( 13 −1 )=13 •12
13 •12=13 • 12
Therefore, n=13.

Using the formula of combinations:

13 ! 13 • 12•11• 10• 9 •8 •7 • 6 •5 • 4 •3 •2 •1
C ( 13 , 2 )= =
( 13 −2 ) ! 2! (11•10 •9 •8 •7 • 6 •5 • 4 •3 •2 •1)(2 •1)
13• 12
¿ =78
2

Example 5: C ( 8 , r ) =28

8 ×7=56
56
=2=2 !
28
r =2

Using the formula of combinations:

8! 8 •7 •6 • 5 •4 • 3 •2 •1
C ( 8 , 2 )= =
( 8 − 2 ) ! 2 ! ( 6 •5 • 4 •3 •2 •1 ) ( 2 •1 )
56
¿ =28
2
Example 6: C ( 11, r ) =165

11×10 × 9=990
990
=6=3 !
165
r =3

Using the formula of combinations:

11! 11•10 • 9 •8 •7 • 6• 5 •4 •3 •2 •1
C ( 11, 3 ) = =
( 11− 3 ) ! 3 ! ( 8 •7 •6 • 5• 4 • 3• 2• 1 )( 3 • 2•1 )
 990
¿ =165
6

D. Generalization
a. How do we find the number of combinations of n objects taken r at a time?
b. How do we find the value of n or r in combinations?

E. Application
Activity: Match it to me!
Column A Column B
1. C (9,2) a. 10
2. C (n,3)=120 b. 36
3. C (9,r)= 126 c. 4

F. Evaluation
Find the unknown in each item .
1. C ( 8 , 3 ) =¿
2. C ( n , 4 )=15
3. C ( 10 , r )=120
4. C ( 14 ,10 )=¿
5. C ( n , 3 ) =35

G. Assignment
Answer the following problem:

In a raffle draw, Elvira won a free trip to any two of these cities; Baguio, Cebu, Bacolod, and
Zamboanga. How many choices has she?

Prepared by:

JAILYN S. BONGCAYAO
Student Teacher

Reviewed by:

JAY PEE L. MANUTA

Cooperating Teacher

Noted by:
 EVELYN J. MAGDADARO
Department Head (Math)/Head Teacher III

Approved by:

LUZVIMINDA Z. LABIS, C.E., PhD

Secondary School Principal II