FACTORS AFFECTING THE WATER SHORTAGE DISTRIBUTION IN

BARANGAY PANTOC, ALIAGA, NUEVA ECIJA

_____________________

A Project Study

Presented to the Faculty of the

Civil Engineering Department

Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology

Sumacab Este, Cabanatuan City

___________________

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Subject

Civil Engineering Project 2 (CE 422)

SUBMITTED BY :

Austria, Jeremy Claire J.

Dela Cruz, Marifher Kate F.

Sagun, Brian Paul Albert A.

Salonga, Albert Claude D.

May __, 2023

i
 APPROVAL SHEET

The project Study entitled “FACTORS AFFECTING THE WATER

SHORTAGE DISTRIBUTION IN BARANGAY PANTOC, ALIAGA, NUEVA
ECIJA” of Jeremy Claire J. Austria, Marifher Kate F. Dela Cruz, Brian Paul Albert A.
Sagun, and Albert Claude D. Salonga in partial fulfillment for the subject Civil
Engineering Project (CE 422) has been examined and is hereby recommended for
approval.
ENGR. ALELIE JOY. ALEJO
Adviser

Committee

NAME OF FACULTY
Chairman

NAME OF FACULTY NAME OF FACULTY

Member Member

Approved by the Committee on May__, 2021

Austria, Jeremy Claire J.

Dela Cruz, Marifher Kate F.
Sagun, Brian Paul Albert A.
Salonga, Albert Claude D.
__________________________________________________________________

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

Project Study for the degree Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering.
ENGR. NATHANIEL S. OLIVEROS
Dean, College of Engineering

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This piece of work should not be a success in the absence of the following people

who saved as instruments for the accomplishments of all the related tasks. The

researchers were grateful to many people who gave the much-needed support and

assistance to bring this study into completion.

First and foremost, the researchers would like to thank the Almighty God who has

given the power to believe and for His blessing to finish this study.

Second, deepest and sincerest gratitude to research instructor Engr. Kyle Eduard

Cortez for his encouragement and insightful comments and research adviser, Engr. Alelie

Joy Alejo for her guidance, patience, enthusiasm, suggestions, support and immense

knowledge throughout this process.

Finally, the researchers would like to extend their sincere thanks to their parents

who have been constantly supportive and have always told them that they will succeed

and do great things in life.

Without them none of these would have been possible.

The Researchers

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 DEDICATION

We dedicate this study to the people who contributed to our research, to our

parents that supported us in everything we do, to the professors who guided us in every

step we took, and to our school Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology for

giving this opportunity to show our intelligence and hard work.

The Researchers

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 ABSTRACT

The research study entitled “Factors Affecting the Water shortage Distribution in

Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga Nueva Ecija” was conducted to determine the factors affecting

the water shortage distribution. This study aims to determine and evaluate the

experiences of the residents of barangay pantoc. The implementation of this program is

beneficial to all residents of Pantoc, Aliaga Nueva Ecija that are using Line Water.

The researchers used a Descriptive-Qualitative method of research. Results was

obtained through a survey questionnaire. Using data analysis and technique such as

verbal interpretation, weighted mean, frequency and percentage. This research contains

the respondent’s demographic profile, which include information on sex, age, number of

households, and years of residency. This study has 151 respondents from Pantoc, Aliaga

Nueva Ecija. The researchers want to study the factors affecting the water shortage

distribution due to continuous poor distribution of water supply in barangay pantoc.

Keywords : Water Resources, Water Shortage, Water Distribution, Water Quality, Water

Contaminants, Water Seepage

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ……………………………………………………………….…………. i

Approval Sheet ……………………………………………………………………. ii

Acknowledgement ………………………………………………………………… iii

Dedication ………………………………………………………………………… iv

Abstract …………………………………………………………………………… v

Table of Contents …………………………………………………………………. vi

CHAPTER I – THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING …………………………… 1

Introduction and Review of Related Literature and Studies ……………… 1

Synthesis and Justification………………………………………………... 12

Theoretical Frameworks …………………………………………………... 12

Conceptual Frameworks …………………………………………………... 12

Statement of the Problem ………………………………………………….. 13

Objective of the Study …………………………………………………….. 13

Hypothesis …………………………..…………………………………….. 14

Significance of the Study …………………………………………………. 14

Scope and Limitation of the Study ………………………………………... 15

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 Definition of Terms ……………………………………………………….. 15

CHAPTER II – METHODS AND PROCEDURE ……………………………….. 18

Research Design …………………………………………………………... 18

Locale of the Study ……………………………………………………….. 19

Description of Respondents ……………………………………………….. 20

Research Instrument ………………………………………………………. 21

Data Gathering …………………………………………………………….. 23

Data Analysis and Technique ……………………………………………... 24

Questionnaire ……………………………………….……………………... 25

CHAPTER III – PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA ………………………………………….. 30

CHAPTER IV – SUMMARY, CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATION …………………………………………………… 37

Summary …………………………………………………………………... 37

Conclusion ………………………………………………………………… 38

Recommendation …………………………………………………………. 40

BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………………………… 41

DOCUMENTATION …………………………………………………………….. 49

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CURRICULUM VITAE ………………………………………………………….. 50

viii
 Chapter 1

The Problem and a Review of Related Literature

Introduction

Water usage has increased at twice the rate as that of the world’s population

growth. (Salehi, 2022). Six hundred sixty-three million people in the world do not have

access to clean water, and over 2.7 billion people face water shortages for at least one

month out of the year. Fresh water sources account for less than three percent of the

world’s water supply and the majority of earth’s naturally occurring fresh water is in

glaciers inaccessible to be used for consumption.

Climate change, severe droughts, population growth, demand increase, and poor

management during the recent decades have further stressed the scarce freshwater

resources worldwide and resulted in severe water shortages in many regions. The water

utilities address the water shortage by providing alternative sources of water, augment the

supplied water, supply intermittently, and even bulk water delivery under severe water

shortage conditions. On the other hand, many households store water in building storage

tanks to cope with insufficient delivery of potable water due to frequent interruptions.

Getting enough water every day is important. The main source of convenient

water is from the ground. To have access to clean water is an important thing, yet many

residents don't realize why, because of lack of knowledge about it, then they settle for any

water available around the area. Most of the residents use groundwater to stay hydrated

yet the groundwater is not always safe to drink, considering the place and the depth

where the water is dogged up and use it for drinking.

1
 Water is one of the most important natural resources. It makes up about 71% of

the Earth and each household throughout the globe consumes about 300 gallons for

drinking, cleaning and tasks requiring clean water. Water indeed is needed by almost

every living organism however it is very abundant in our environment especially that it

can be provided by bodies of water and precipitation that occurs throughout the globe. As

time passes by, the population will continue to grow together with the need for more

water supply sources. Failure to provide the increasing needs will lead to continuous

water scarcity throughout the globe.

Review of Related Readings

The situation worsens as the country is beset by the El Niño phenomenon and

climate change that contribute to increasing temperatures and drying up water sources.

The water shortage in Metro Manila also highlights the uncertainty of water access in the

nation’s capital. Inadequate and intermittent water supply in Metro Manila and in other

parts of the country can have serious health consequences. When water is scarce, people

are often forced to rely on drinking water sources that may not be safe. (WHO, 2019)

On the other hand, LWUA (2021) said that because of the natural calamity several

local water districts are in dire need of help in making their facilities operational and

cater to the water needs of our countrymen heavily affected by typhoon Odette in Visayas

and Mindanao. To provide immediate assistance.

In addition, NIA (2020) in order to address the issues, NIA Benguet Satellite

Office has undertaken immediate repair works which include the installation of 4”

2
diameter HDPE pipes at the source on December 26-28, 2019 to restore the 78-meter

damaged pipe near the intake, provision of Permanent Column Support along hanging

pipelines from January to February 10, 2020, and embedding of some pipes to prevent

illegal tapping.

Review of Related Literature

Water Resources

Water is an extremely important resource that we cannot live without. But there

are Filipinos who are still being left behind in terms of access to improved water sources,

especially in rural communities (Wailer, 2019)

According to Nsubuga, et al (2014), the major source of water for these resources

is direct rainfall, which is recently experiencing variability that threatens the distribution

of resources and water availability in Uganda. The annual rainfall received in Uganda

varies from 500 mm to 2800 mm, with an average of 1180 mm received in two main

seasons. The spatial distribution of rainfall has resulted in a network of great rivers and

lakes that possess a big potential for development.

Water Shortage

A system dynamics model is developed to capture the interrelationships between

different subsystems of the river basin, namely the hydrologic, socioeconomic, and

agricultural sub-systems. Results from simulating a range of possible policy options for

3
resolving water shortage problems indicate that water is essentially the development

engine of the system. (Gohari et al, 2012)

Mosley (2014), said that droughts are increasing in frequency and severity in

many regions of the world due to climate change. Water flow and volume decreases

during drought typically led to increased salinity due to reduced dilution and

concentration of mass. In general droughts, and the immediate recovery period were

found to have profound water quality effects. These effects were varied, depending on the

characteristics of the water body and its catchment.

Water Distribution

Rural water supplies have traditionally been overshadowed by urban ones. A

weakness of the Millenium Development Goals monitoring was insufficient attention to

water safety, which became a key element of the target task for water supply and

sanitation upon the design of the Sustainable Development Goals. The “Safely managed

drinking water” indicator includes the three following conditions: accessible on premises,

available when needed and free from contamination

Yurchenko (2018), claims that the information technologies are becoming the

perfect tools to solve the task of designing computer systems, and Supervisory control

of water distribution, regarding the socio-economic needs of society today. The

implementation of such computer systems will require rather high investments, but they

will be certainly paid off as one who owns the information, owns the situation, and who

knows the situation, owns everything.

4
 Likewise, the water industry worldwide is facing challenges of water and revenue

losses. To reduce these losses and improve efficiency of water distribution systems, tools

and methods have been developed over the years. It aims to identify the tools and

methods that have been applied, knowledge gaps, and future research needs. (Mutikanga,

Sharma, and Vairavamoorthy, 2012)

According to Jarilla et al (2020) Distributing water to the customers and knowing

what will be the plans for the next 5 to 10 years regarding water projection and water

availability. The main aim of the study is to increase the number of pumping stations

from other sources of water like surface water, underground water, and rainwater to put

additional water sources located strategically within the districts jurisdiction to invest

applicable water quality equipment required in the PNSDW parameters.

Consumers are able to take advantage of this price discrimination to reduce their

energy costs by adapting their energy needs to periods with lower prices. In many cases,

irrigation WDSs are large energy consumers and reduce their energy costs by

accommodating the pumping scheduling policy to the energy price fluctuations. (Reca et

al, 2014)

According to Meng, et al. (2018) time-related resilience metrics strongly correlate

to some topological attributes. Topological indicators alone are not sufficient for guiding

system design.

Water Quality

5
 Certain contaminants in our water can cause health problems, such as

neurological disorders, reproductive issues, and gastrointestinal illnesses. People with

weakened immune systems, infants, young children, pregnant women, the elderly, and

pregnant women may be particularly susceptible to illness. (Waite, 2012)

According to Boyd (2019) the physical properties of water are of intrinsic interest,

but they also are critical factors in geology, hydrology, ecology, physiology and nutrition,

water use, engineering and water quality measurement.

In addition, the quality of freshwater in terms of physical, chemical and biological

variables, the main mechanisms of management, and the challenges associated with these

mechanisms as well as blending integrated water management with the indigenous or

traditional management of water resources for sustainable development and peaceful co-

existence. (Yeleliere, Cobbina, and Duweijuah, 2018)

Water Contaminants

The contamination of water resources by water-borne pathogens and the diseases

they cause are a major issue for water quality worldwide. There is a clear need for studies

that integrate knowledge from various fields covering comparative aspects of pathogen

contamination and unify them in one place in order to present and address the problem as

a whole. This need is attested to by the growing interest in controlling water-borne

pathogens in water resources, which is clearly attested to by the large number of

publications.

6
 On the other hand (Sharma and Bhattacharya, 2016) The synthesis and structure

of cell constituents and transport of nutrients into the cells as well as body metabolism

depend on water. The contaminants present in water disturb the spontaneity of the

mechanism and result in long/short-term diseases. With the advancement of technology

and industrial growth, freshwater resources all over the world are threatened.

Contaminated water causes problems to health and leads to waterborne diseases which

can be prevented by taking measures even at the household level.

According to Hasan, Duterte, and Borlio, (2021) It explores the health realities of the

members of Indigenous People (IP) community in Panabo City, with the hope to promote

Basic Health Science Education (HSE) to these indigenous peoples.

Water Consumption

Water consumption refers to the amount of water used that is not returned to the

source once it has been drained or used. When looking at water shortage and the impact

of human activities on water supply, water use is very important. The total amount of

water withdrawn from its source to be used is described. Monthly water measurements

assist in determining the level of demand from industrial, agricultural, and domestic

users. An industrial factory, for example, may require 10,000 gallons of freshwater per

day for cooling, running, or cleaning its machinery.

According to Magcale-Macandog, et al. (2020) in order to increase the

effectiveness of land-use and climate change adaptation policies at the local level, this

study combined participatory methods and computer simulation modeling fluctuations.

7
Review of Related Studies

Water Resources

Water resources are the basis for sustainable development in every country.

Climatic changes, population growth and excessive economic development will lead to a

number of water-related problems in the long term. Water pollution, water scarcity and

many other water-related problems have emerged in nearly every corner of the world,

which has attracted considerable attention from the public and from professionals.

Based on research, facing these problems, the country and its scholars have

already taken action to protect water quality and quantity and to mitigate the water crisis

caused by climate change and human activities. (Li, P. and Qian, H.,2018)

Water Quality

Drinking water quality is a relative term that relates the composition of water with

effects of natural processes and human activities. Deterioration of drinking water quality

arises from introduction of chemical compounds into the water supply system through

leaks and cross connection. (Meride, Y. and Ayenew, B.,2016)

According to Lee, et al. (2020) the study determined the water quality of the

Egaña River situated at Sibalom, Antique, Philippines. The odor of water at downstream

of the river has no odor which also conforms to the standard of “non odorous.” The

temperature the downstream of water sample has 29.1 0 C which is lower than the

8
standard 300 C. This implies that vegetation covers the river and prevents water

temperatures from rising too fast on bright sunny days.

On another hand, water quality is becoming a major problem, as evidenced by

frequent outbreaks of water-borne diseases in both rural and urban areas of developing

countries. Water borne diseases are still a major health burden in many parts of the world

and are estimated to cause about 842,000 diarrhea disease deaths per year. Safe drinking

water is defined as water with microbial, chemical and physical characteristics that meet

WHO guidelines (Chalchisa, D. et al.,2017)

In addition, On the basis of findings, it was concluded that drinking water of the

study areas was all physio–chemical parameters. All the Campus drinking water sampling

sites were consistent with World Health Organization standard for drinking water

(WHO).

Water Consumption

Water consumption in the urban environment is concentrated in residences,

commercial buildings, and industries, therefore, the majority of water conservation plans

focus mainly on these types of buildings. To make matters worse, many public buildings

are old. For example, some of the buildings are over 100 years old. In developing

countries, in general, it is difficult to carry out projects that guarantee the maintenance

and upkeep of these buildings. (De Silva, S. et al. 2019)

Population growth, increased urbanization, and industrialization have led to an

increase in the demand for drinking water, while also contributing to the degradation of

9
natural resources and compromising the availability and quality of freshwater sources,

especially when occurring without planning or organization. Water must therefore be

consumed efficiently and sustainably to ensure its availability for both present and future

generations (Kanakoudis 2002; Kanakoudis et al. 2011; Kanakoudis & Gonelas 2014;

Makki et al. 2015).

Water Security

The massive pollution in esteros can be related to the frequent occurrence of

flood-related disasters in highly urbanized areas in the Philippines as wastes impede

water flow during flooding making the country one of the flood-prone countries in the

world. (Lee, H. et al, 2020)

In addition, as water resources are affected by climate change, numerous studies

have been conducted over the years to establish a relationship between them. Similarly,

there are studies dedicated to the efficiency of water-related problems.

Water Supply

Rural water supplies have traditionally been overshadowed by urban ones. A

weakness of the Millennium Development Goals monitoring was insufficient attention to

water safety, which became a key element of the target task for water supply and

sanitation upon the design of the Sustainable Development Goals. The “Safely managed

10
drinking water” indicator includes the three following conditions: accessible on premises,

available when needed and free from contamination. (Omarova,A. et al ,2019)

Addition to that, water supply planning requires attention in developing rural

communities, especially where use for irrigation is high. When water withdrawals from

local sources are limited by well capacity or irrigation demand, households may utilize

low quality or contaminated water sources or purchase bottled water to meet domestic

water demand. However, these are not ideal solutions due to health risks and increased

cost of living, respectively. Desalination may provide an answer to water supply in

remote areas, but its feasibility will also depend on the electricity available at the

location, as well as local capacity to manage operations. (Aberilla, J.M. et al. 2020)

Synthesis and Justification

Water is an extremely important resource that we cannot live without. But there

are Filipinos who are still being left behind in terms of access to improved water sources,

especially in rural communities (Wailer, 2019). Rural communities like in Aliaga the

water problem in the state place is lack of having a proper or equal distribution of water

for every family in Pantoc, Aliaga. It is such an important thing to make their lives easier

as simple as how water is very important to our life. As Omarova,et al, (2019) said Rural

water supplies have traditionally been overshadowed by urban ones. A weakness of the

Millennium Development Goals monitoring was insufficient attention to water safety,

which became a key element of the target task for water supply and sanitation upon the

design of the Sustainable Development Goals. The “Safely managed drinking water”

11
indicator includes the three following conditions: accessible on premises, available when

needed and free from contamination.

The importance of this research is to conduct a possible solution and according to

Gheisi, Forsyth, and Naser (2016) every water distribution system (WDS) experiences

some level of partial or total failure over the course of its lifetime. It is vital to measure a

WDS's reliability under multiple failure scenarios. There are numerous methods for

calculating WDS dependability. In the context of mathematical techniques for assessing

WDS reliability. One of the common problems in this situation is part when the

distribution process of the water is not fair with the other consumer. The quality of water

can be affected if the distribution of this water is not working properly to some areas like

on the elevated area. The water will be stock and will contaminate it, according to Meride

and Ayenew, (2016) Drinking water quality is a relative term that relates the composition

of water with effects of natural processes and human activities. Deterioration of drinking

water quality arises from introduction of chemical compounds into the water supply

system through leaks and cross connection.

Theoretical Framework

This research was related to the study of Wailer, (2019) Water is an extremely

important resource that we cannot live without. There are Filipinos who are still being

left behind in terms of access to improved water sources, especially in rural communities.

Lack of water supply is one of the urgent issues in Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija. The

researchers will conduct a survey to identify the factors affecting the shortage of water.

12
Conceptual Framework
The Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model was used to represent the idea and flow of

the study. The IPO Model is a functional graph that identifies the inputs, outputs, and

required processing tasks required to transform inputs into outputs. The model is

sometimes configured to include any storage that might happen in the process as well.

The input of the study contains the demographic profile of the respondents such

as name, age, sex, total number of households, source of water, how many gallons of

water they consumed, estimated water bill, and where do they use water for.

The process consists of the collection, analysis and discussion of the data.

The output shows the end-point for the factors affecting the water shortage,

explanation and presentation of the gathered results.

Table 1.0 Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Preparation of Collection of data
questionnaires for through,
survey and interview questionnaire and
interview, analysis
and discussion
Explanation and
presentation of
gathered results for
the factors affecting
the water shortage

Statement of the Problem

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Main Objectives:

Shortage of water distribution around the farthest area in Aliaga, in our daily life

we needed the water most. The average family uses water for drinking, washing, cooking,

cleaning, and growing food to make it the most precious resource for survival. When

water is scarce, people are often to use other water sources that may not be safe. They

may also lack sufficient water for basic hygiene.

The main objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting the water

shortage distribution in Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga Nueva Ecija.

Specific Objectives:

1. To identify the factor affecting the water shortage in Brgy, Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva

Ecija

2. To identify the possible solutions to prevent water shortage in Brgy., Pantoc,

Aliaga, Nueva Ecija;

3. Propose a plan of action in reducing the lack of supply of clean and safe water

based on the results of the study.

Hypothesis

One possible hypothesis about a shortage of water distribution in Brgy. Pantoc,

Aliaga, Nueva Ecija could be that the town's water supply is not sufficient to meet the

demand of its growing population. This could be due to a variety of factors, such as an

increase in the number of residents, changes in local weather patterns that have led to

drought conditions, or the depletion of groundwater reserves. Another potential cause

14
could be the inadequate infrastructure of the town's water distribution system, which may

not be able to efficiently distribute water to all residents.

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study is to understand the factors affecting the water

shortage distribution in Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga Nueva Ecija and to explore potential

solutions to this problem. The findings of this study can provide valuable insights to

policymakers and water management agencies, allowing them to implement effective

strategies to address water shortages in small towns and improve the quality of life for

their residents. Additionally, the study can raise awareness among the general public

about the importance of water conservation and sustainable water usage in small towns.

Scope and Limitations

The scope of this study is limited to the factors affecting the shortage of water

distribution in Brgy. Pantoc area of Aliaga, Nueva Ecija.

The limitations of this study include the availability of data and information about

the water distribution system in Pantoc. It is also limited by the time and resources

available for conducting the research. The findings of this study may not be applicable to

other areas with similar water distribution issues.

Definition of Terms

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 To facilitate the understanding of this study, different terms are defined herein.

Deterioration. As use in this study, this refers to the process of becoming

progressively worse.

Deepwell. In this study, this refers to a well in which the water level is at a depth

exceeding 22 feet beyond which the ordinary suction pump does not operate

satisfactorily.

El Niño. This refers to a seasonal warming of the Pacific Ocean that upsets

normal weather patterns.

Groundwater. This refers to a water underground in saturated zones beneath the

land surface.

Hydrated. This refers to getting enough water, usually through eating or

drinking, to keep the body working as it should.

Hydrologic. This refers to the study of the distribution and movement of water

both on and below the Earth's surface, as well as the impact of human activity on water

availability and conditions.

Intrinsic. In this study, this refers to the belonging to the essential nature or

constitution of a thing.

Indigenous People. In this study, this are distinct social and cultural groups that

share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy

or from which they have been displaced.

16
 Impede. As use in this study, this term use as to interfere with the movement or

progress of.

Jetmatic. In this study, this refers to a type of shallow well pump, a jetmatic

pump is an alternative way of collecting water through manual operation to move

groundwater from the aquifer up to the surface.

Likert. As use in this study, this refers to a type of rating scale, often found on

survey forms or questionnaires, that measures how people feel and levels of agreement.

Microbial. In this study, this term use as relating to or characteristic of

a microorganism, especially a bacterium causing disease or fermentation.

Odorous. In this study, this term is having or giving off a smell.

Policymaker. In this study, this refers to a person responsible for making policy,

especially in government.

River Basin. As use in this study, this refers to an area drained by a river and all

of its tributaries.

Simulation. As use in this study, this term refers to a model that mimics the

operation of an existing or proposed system, providing evidence for decision-making by

being able to test different scenarios or process changes.

Seepage. In this study, this term refers to the slow escape of a liquid or gas

through porous material or small holes.

Scarcity. As use in this study, this term refers to the demand for a good or service

is greater than the availability of the good or service.

17
 Shortage. In this study, this term refers to a situation in which demand for a

product or service exceeds the available supply.

Topological. In this study, this term refers to an area of Mathematics, which

studies how spaces are organized and how they are structured in terms of position.

Chapter 2

METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains various methodologies that were used in gathering data and

analysis which are relevant to the research. The methodologies will include areas such as

the location of the study, research design, sampling and sample size, types of data, data

collection method and its management. This study will be conducted in the area where a

shortage of water distribution occurs that is located at Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija,

Philippines.

RESEARCH DESIGN

In this research study, the researcher will use the Descriptive-Qualitative

approach wherein they will use a descriptive survey method in Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva

18
Ecija to be able to determine if there is a shortage of water distribution happening in the

area. The data from the survey around Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija will support

the findings. The quantity approach will help to locate the cause of shortening of water in

a small barangay in Aliaga, Nueva Ecija wherein Barangay Pantoc.

RESEARCH SETTING

Locale of the Study

The study would be conducted in Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija,

Philippines. Pantoc is a barangay in the municipality of Aliaga, in the province of Nueva

Ecija. Its population as determined by the 2020 Census was 2,527. This represented

3.59% of the total population of Aliaga.

19
Figure No.1: Map Location of Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija

Description of the Respondents

The main source of the data in this study “Factors affecting the water shortage

distribution in Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija” totaled 477 households. The

computed respondents of the study were the selected population of Brgy. Pantoc. From

the 477 households, the researcher used Slovin’s Technique, with a margin of error of

7% to check the sample size of the respondents, which resulted in a 143 - sample size.

They were requested to give their consent and agreement. Filling out the

questionnaire and assessing what the researchers devised provided them with information

that the researchers necessarily needed. The essential elements in answering the survey

are their experience and opinion on the factors of the water shortage distribution affecting

their lives.

20
RESEARCH POPULATION SIZE POPULATION SIZE SAMPLE SIZE (n)

SITE AS OF 2022 CENSUS OF PANTOC (N)

PANTOC 2,527-3.39% of the total 477 participants of all 143 sample size of

population of Aliaga household the respondents

477 total 143 total sample

OVER-ALL 2,527 total population
respondents of size of
TOTAL
research respondents

Table 2.1 Table of Respondents

Selection of the respondents was done through a raosoft sampling wherein we

divide the population into subpopulations that may differ in important ways. It allows us

to draw more precise conclusions by ensuring that every subgroup is properly represented

in the sample.

On the overall proportions of the population, we calculate how many people

should be sampled from each subgroup. Then will use simple random sampling to select

a sample from each subgroup.

Research Instrument
The researchers use questionnaire as an instrument of this study as it is convenient

in gathering information from selected respondents and applicable for this type of

21
research which is descriptive quantitative research. The data was collected through a

survey questionnaire.

The researchers used of rating scale or Likert scale according to intensity of feeling,

emotion or attitude under the purpose of gathering a specific data needed which is

appropriate to measure descriptive quantitative evaluation on learning scale.

The questionnaire was divided into five parts: The Part I is the demographic

profile of the respondents such as age, sex, number of households, years of residency,

source of water, consumption per gallon, monthly water bill and uses of water.

The Part II is the specific situation that encountered by the respondents in the

time of water shortage occurs. The questions most likely to be an interview for the

respondents to share their experience about water shortage.

The researchers use four Likert scale, in Part III, Part IV and V of the

questionnaire it is “Very Agree, Agree, Disagree, and Strongly Disagree”, “Very Often,

Often, Sometimes, Never” and “Very much concerned, Concerned, Less concerned and

No concerned at all”.

To test the validity and clarity of the statements included in the questionnaire, the

researchers used pilot testing to 151 residents of Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga. The questionnaires

were distributed to the respondents and after collecting the answered questionnaire, it was

then used in gathering the desired data.

22
DATA GATHERING

Pre-analytical phase

The researchers will determine the objectives of the study to know the reasons

why there is a shortage of water in their area. The researchers will provide a way to solve

this kind of situation and will be validated by a statistician.

Analytical phase

The researcher will then proceed to visit and survey the area in Barangay Pantoc,

Aliaga, by doing observation and survey using questionnaire. The use of face-to-face

visits of the researchers to interact among people in Barangay Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva

Ecija will help to gather data.

Post-analytical phase

The gathered data will then be assessed and analyzed by the researchers. The

results will be read and understood thoroughly to come up with a general understanding.

The data that will be obtained from the questionnaire will be analyzed through the use of

qualitative description. Method and Percentage is the main statistical treatment used. To

23
find the percentage (%), the frequent count is derived by the total number of respondents.

The quotient is multiplied by 100 to change the quotient into percent.

Percentage

The percentage formula:

P=FNx100%
Where:

P=Percentage

F=Frequency

N=Number of respondents

100= Constant number

Ranking

The ranking method to find out the ranking the frequency count is to arrange from

the highest to lowest number that corresponds to each figure is their rank.

By doing this, it would help the researchers narrow down the collected data and to

give a more understandable representation of the results and hence, an enhanced

understanding of the conclusion. The equivalent percentages will then be discussed with

the help of supporting knowledge obtained from reliable sources to give a more efficient

explanation.

24
Data Analysis and Technique

After the distribution and collection of questionnaires, inferential statics was used

to get the frequency count, mean, median range, and the standard deviation. Correlation

analysis was used to determine the difference among the variables. The gathered data was

analyzed consequently, the researchers used descriptive analysis in evaluating the study

to generate themes from interview data.

QUESTIONNAIRE

Demographic Profile

General Instruction: Read each item carefully and answer the following questions
provided below. (Please be assured that all of the answers provided herein shall be kept
confidential. Please indicate (✓) mark on the appropriate box.

Basahin mabuti ang bawat aytem at sagutin ang mga sumusunod na tanong sa ibaba.
(Mangyaring makatiyak na ang lahat ng mga sagot na ibinigay dito ay dapat
panatilihing kumpidensyal. Pakilagay ang (✓) markahan sa naaangkop na kahon.)

Name (optional): __________________ Sex: M( ) F( )

Age:_____

Total no. Of households: (__)1-5 (__)5-10 (__)10-15 (__)15 above

Numbers of years living in Brgy. Pantoc: (__)5-10 (__)10-15 (__)15-20 (__)20 above

Source of water: Jetmatic( ) Deepwell( ) Line water( ) others:______

25
How many gallons did your family consume a month? (__)below 100 (__)100-150

(__)150-200 (__)200 above

Estimated water bill per month (php): (__)100-200 (__)200-500 (__)500-1000 (__)1000

above

Uses of water: Drinking( ) Cooking( ) Bathing( ) Laundry( ) others:______

SPECIFIC QUESTIONS:

1. What are the effects of the water shortage in Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija?

(Ano ang mga epekto ng kakulangan sa tubig sa Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija?)

2. How are the residents of Brgy. Pantoc react to this kind of situation?

(Ano ang reaksyon ng mga residente ng Brgy. Pantoc sa ganitong uri ng sitwasyon?)

3. What are the possible solutions to prevent water shortage?

(Ano ang mga posibleng solusyon para maiwasan ang kakulangan sa tubig)

4. Did the barangay take action about this problem?

(May aksyon ba ang Barangay sa ganitong uri ng problema?)

26
5. Did you encounter any symptoms of certain diseases after drinking water from the
water district?

(Nakaranas ka ba ng anumang sintomas ng sakit matapos uminom o gumamit ng tubig na

nanggaling sa Water District?)

Please read each item carefully. Use the scale below to guide you in checking the
appropriate column that best describes your factors greatest influence on choosing a
degree.

(Mangyaring basahin nang mabuti ang bawat item. Gamitin ang iskala sa ibaba upang
gabayan ka sa pagsusuri sa naaangkop na column na pinakamahusay na
naglalarawan sa iyong mga salik na pinakamalaking impluwensya sa pagpili ng isang
degree.)

1. What are the effects of water shortage in Brgy., Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija?

(Ano ang iniisip mong posibleng epekto ng kakulangan ng tubig sa Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga,
Nueva Ecija?)

1 - Very agree (Lubos na sumasang-ayon)

2 - Agree (Sumasang-ayon)
3 - Disagree (Hindi sumasang-ayon)
4 - Strongly disagree (Lubos na hindi sumasang-ayon)

1 2 3 4

1. Shortage of water affects the daily task in the house.

(Ang kakulangan sa tubig ay nakakaapekto sa pang-araw-araw
na gawain sa bahay)

2. The time of water supply is not favorable.

(Ang oras ng supply ng tubig ay hindi pabor)

3. Overuse of water.
(Labis na paggamit ng tubig)

4. Sanitation problems.
(Problema sa kalinisan)

27
 5. Water wastage.
(Pag-aaksaya ng tubig)

6. Water supply is limited.

(Limitadong supply ng tubig)
Table 2.2 Questionnaire

2. What are the actual reactions of residents in Brgy., Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija?

(Ano ang karaniwang reaksyon ng residente ng Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija?)

1-Very often (Sobrang dalas)

2-Often (Madalas)
3-Sometimes (Minsan)
4-Never (Hindi kailanman)

1 2 3 4

1. Getting mad
(Nagagalit)

2. Irritation
(Pagka-irita)

3. Disturbances
(Kaguluhan)

4. Fetching water to neighborhood

(Pagkuha ng tubig sa kapitbahayan)

5. Loss sanitation and hygiene

(Pagkawala ng sanitasyon at kalinisan)

28
 6. Not being able to wash the clothes
(Hindi magawang labhan ang mga kasuotan)
Table 2.3 Questionnaire

3. What are the possible solutions to prevent water shortage in Brgy., Pantoc, Aliaga,
Nueva Ecija?

(Ano ang mga posibleng solusyon para maiwasan ang ng tubig sa Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga,
Nueva Ecija?)

1-Very much concerned (Labis na nag-aalala)

2-Concerned (Nag-aalala)

3-Less concerned (Hindi gaanong nababahala)

4-No concerned at all (Walang pakialam)

1 2 3 4

1. Higher officials should prioritize this problem.

(Dapat unahin ng mga opisyal ang ganitong uri ng problema)

2. Conserve water.
(Magtipid ng tubig)

3. Monitor water pipes.

(Suriin ang mga tubo ng tubig)

4. Check water leakages.

(Suriin ang mga tagas na tubig)

5. Change the oily and rusty water pipes

(Palitan ang mga may langis at kalawang na tubo ng tubig)

29
 6. Produce lifesaver bottles.
(Gumawa ng bote ng tubig upang makatipid)

7. Every Brgy. produce water tank

(Bawat Brgy. ay magkaroon ng tangke ng tubig)
Table 2.4 Questionnaire

30
 CHAPTER III

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Demographic Frequency Percentage

Male 65 43
Sex
Female 86 57

Age On the average, the age of the 151 respondents is 35 years old.

1-5 members 85 56.3

5-10 members 41 27.2
No. of Households
10-15 members 18 11.9
15 above 7 4.6

5-10 years 22 14.6

10-15 years 16 10.6
Years of Residency
15-20 years 19 12.6
20 years above 94 62.3

Linewater 137 90.7

Source of Water Jetmatic 10 6.6
Deepwell 4 2.6

below 100 gallons 30 19.9

Consumption per 100-150 gallons 41 27.2
Gallon 150-200 gallons 38 25.2
200 above 42 27.8

100-200 per month 28 18.5

200-500 per month 30 19.9
Monthly Water Bill
500-1000 per month 52 34.4
1000 above per month 41 27.2

Drinking, Cooking, Bathing and

116 76.8
Laundry/Washing

Cooking, Bathing and Laundry/Washing 23 15.2

Use of Water
Drinking, Laundry/Washing and
1 0.7
Bathing
Drinking, Cooking and Bathing 3 2
Bathing, Laundry/Washing and others 8 5.3
TOTAL 151 100%
Table 3.1 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

31
 The results provided in the table show the demographic characteristics of 151

respondents, which include information on sex, age, number of households, and years of

residency. Sex: The table indicates that 43% of the respondents are male, while 57% are

female. Age: On average, the age of the respondents is 35 years old. Number of

Households: The respondents were also asked about the number of people living in their

households, and the results show that the majority of respondents (56.3%) have 1-5

members in their households, while 27.2% have 5-10 members, 11.9% have 10-15

members, and only 4.6% have 15 or more members in their households. Years of

Residency: The table shows the number of years that respondents have lived in their

current residence, where 62.3% have lived in their current residence for 20 years or more.

A smaller percentage of respondents (14.6%) have lived in their current residence for 5-

10 years, while 10.6% have lived there for 10-15 years, and 12.6% have lived there for

15-20 years. Water Source: The respondents were asked about their primary source of

water, and the majority (90.7%) reported using linewater as their primary source of water.

A smaller percentage (6.6%) reported using Jetmatic, and only 2.6% reported using deep

well water. Consumption: The table also provides information on the average

consumption of water per gallon, where respondents who use more than 200 gallons of

water are in the majority (27.8%). Monthly Water Bill: The monthly water bill

information shows that 34.4% of the respondents have a monthly water bill ranging from

500 to 1000 PHP per month. Water Use: The table also provides information on the

various uses of water, where the majority of respondents (76.8%) reported using water

for drinking, cooking, bathing, and laundry/washing.

32
 Qualitative Data Frequency Percentage
Mahirap maligo 5 3.3
What are the effects of late sa work, ubos oras, di makagawa ng
141 93.4
the water shortage? mga gawaing bahay at pagkabagot
Others 5 3.3

naiinis, naiirita 47 31.1

How are the residents of
Brgy. Pantoc react to nagagalit 80 53
this kind of situation? nahihirapan 4 2.6
dismayado, nalulungkot, nagrereklama 20 13.2

Install pumping station, water tank 38 25.2

What are the possible mag-ipon ng tubit or magtipid sa
21 13.9
solutions to prevent paggamit ng tubig
water shortage? check the leakages or pressure 90 59.6
monitoring of pipe, tank etc. 2 1.3

Did the barangay take No/Wala 85 56.3

action about this Yes/Mayroon 52 34.4
problem? Paminsan-minsan 14 9.3

Yes/Meron 68 45
No/Wala 55 36.4
Did you encounter any Sometimes/Paminsan-minsan 1 0.7
symptoms of certain
Pagtatae 9 6
diseases after drinking
water from the water Pagsakit ng ulo 7 4.6
district? Pananakit ng Tiyan 7 4.6
Lagnat 2 1.3
Pangangati 2 1.3
TOTAL 151 100%
Table 3.2 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

The results represent the responses of the survey conducted to collect information

about the water shortage situation in Brgy. Pantoc. The data is presented in the form of

qualitative data, which is a non-numerical form of data. The first set of results presents

the effects of water shortage, where 93.4% of the respondents reported being late for

work, wasting time, unable to do household chores, and feeling bored. A small

percentage of respondents reported other effects. The second set of results presents the

reactions of residents to the water shortage. About 53% of respondents reported feeling
33
angry, 31.1% reported feeling annoyed, 13.2% reported being sad or complaining, and

only 2.6% reported feeling difficulty. The third set of results presents the possible

solutions to prevent water shortage. About 59.6% of respondents reported checking for

leaks or pressure in the pipes, 25.2% of respondents suggested installing a pumping

station and water tank, 13.9% suggested saving water, and only 1.3% suggested

monitoring the pipe, tank, etc. The fourth set of results presents whether the barangay has

taken any action about the water shortage problem. About 56.3% of respondents reported

that no action has been taken, 34.4% reported that action has been taken, and 9.3%

reported that action has been taken occasionally. The last set of results presents the

symptoms that the respondents experienced after drinking water from the water district.

About 45% of respondents reported that they have experienced some diseases, 36.4%

reported that they have not experienced any symptoms, and the rest reported having

different symptoms, such as diarrhea, headache, stomach ache, fever, and itching.

Weighted
Effects of Water Shortage Verbal Interpretation
Mean
1. Shortage of water affects the daily task in the
house. (Ang kakulangan sa tubig ay nakakaapekto 3.81 Strongly Agree
sa pang-araw-araw na gawain sa bahay)
2. The time of water supply is not favorable. (Ang 3.58 Strongly Agree
oras ng supply ng tubig ay hindi pabor)
3. Overuse of water. (Labis na paggamit ng tubig) 3.32 Strongly Agree
4. Sanitation problems. (Problema sa kalinisan) 3.40 Strongly Agree
5. Water wastage. (Pag-aaksaya ng tubig) 3.21 Agree
6. Water supply is limited. (Limitadong supply ng 3.60 Strongly Agree
tubig)
Over-all Weighted Mean 3.49 Strongly Agree
Legend: 4.00-3.25 =Strongly Agree; 3.24-2.51 = Agree; 2.50-1.76 = Disagree; and 1.75-1.00 = Strongly
Disagree
Table 3.3 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

34
 These results show the weighted mean and verbal interpretation of the effects of

water shortage based on the respondents' perception. The weighted mean is a measure of

central tendency that takes into account the importance or weight given to each response

option. The first statement, "Shortage of water affects the daily task in the house," has a

weighted mean of 3.81, which means that the respondents strongly agree that water

shortage affects their daily tasks at home. The second statement, "The time of water

supply is not favorable," has a weighted mean of 3.58, which also indicates a strong

agreement that the water supply timing is inconvenient. The third statement, "Overuse of

water," has a weighted mean of 3.32, which suggests that the respondents also strongly

agree that there is an overuse of water. The fourth statement, "Sanitation problems," has a

weighted mean of 3.40, which shows that the respondents strongly agree that water

shortage causes problems in maintaining cleanliness and hygiene. The fifth statement,

"Water wastage," has a weighted mean of 3.21, indicating that the respondents generally

agree that water is being wasted. The sixth statement, "Water supply is limited," has a

weighted mean of 3.60, indicating that the respondents strongly agree that water supply is

limited. Overall, the weighted mean of all statements is 3.49, which suggests that the

respondents strongly agree that water shortage has significant effects on their daily lives.

Weighted
Actual Reactions of Residents Verbal Interpretation
Mean
1. Getting mad (Nagagalit) 3.26 Very Often
2. Irritation (Pagka-irita) 3.26 Very Often
3. Disturbances (Kaguluhan) 3.15 Often
4. Fetching water to neighborhood (Pagkuha ng 2.51 Often
tubig sa kapitbahayan)
5. Loss sanitation and hygiene (Pagkawala ng 3.19 Often
sanitasyon at kalinisan)
6. Not being able to wash the clothes (Hindi 3.35 Very Often
magawang labhan ang mga kasuotan)
Over-all Weighted Mean 3.12 Often

35
Legend: 4.00-3.25 =Very Often; 3.24-2.51 = Often; 2.50-1.76 = Sometimes; and 1.75-1.00 = Never

Table 3.4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

The results show the actual reactions of residents in relation to certain issues or

situations. The weighted mean is a statistical measure that takes into account both the

frequency and the intensity of the responses. The verbal interpretation provides a

summary of how often the residents experience the reactions based on the weighted

mean. According to the results, the most frequently experienced reactions by the residents

are getting mad and irritation, with a weighted mean of 3.26 each, which means they

happen very often. The third most common reaction is disturbances, with a weighted

mean of 3.15, which happens often. Fetching water from the neighborhood is also a

common issue, with a weighted mean of 2.51, which happens often. Loss of sanitation

and hygiene is another issue that residents often experience, with a weighted mean of

3.19. Lastly, not being able to wash clothes is the most intense reaction among the six

issues, with a weighted mean of 3.35, which means it happens very often. Overall, the

weighted mean of all the reactions is 3.12, which means that the issues happen often in

the community. These results suggest that there are several problems in the community

that need to be addressed to improve the living conditions of the residents.

Weighted
Possible solutions to prevent water shortage Verbal Interpretation
Mean
1. Higher officials should prioritize this problem.
(Dapat unahin ng mga opisyal ang ganitong uri ng 3.65 Very Often
problema)
2. Conserve water. (Magtipid ng tubig) 3.60 Very Often
3. Monitor water pipes. (Suriin ang mga tubo ng 3.66 Very Often
tubig)
4. Check water leakages. (Suriin ang mga tagas na 3.62 Very Often
tubig)

36
5. Change the oily and rusty water pipes. (Palitan 3.54 Very Often
ang mga may langis at kalawang na tubo ng tubig)
6. Produce lifesaver bottles. (Gumawa ng bote ng 3.15 Often
tubig upang makatipid)
7. Every Brgy. produce water tank (Bawat Brgy. 3.73 Very Often
ay magkaroon ng tangke ng tubig)
Over-all Weighted Mean 3.54 Very Often
Legend: 4.00-3.25 =Very Often; 3.24-2.51 = Often; 2.50-1.76 = Sometimes; and 1.75-1.00 = Never

Table 3.5 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

The results show the possible solutions that can help prevent water shortage. The

weighted mean is a statistical measure that takes into account both the frequency and the

intensity of the responses. The verbal interpretation provides a summary of how often the

solution is suggested based on the weighted mean. According to the results, the most

commonly suggested solutions are higher officials should prioritize the problem, with a

weighted mean of 3.65, and monitoring water pipes and checking water leakages, with a

weighted mean of 3.66 and 3.62 respectively, all of which happen very often. Conserving

water and changing the oily and rusty water pipes are also suggested solutions, with a

weighted mean of 3.60 and 3.54 respectively, both of which happen very often.

Producing lifesaver bottles is a suggested solution, but it has a lower weighted mean of

3.15 and happens often. Finally, the suggestion to have every barangay produce water

tanks is the most intense solution among the seven, with a weighted mean of 3.73 and

happens very often. Overall, the weighted mean of all the suggested solutions is 3.54,

which means that the solutions are suggested very often and are likely to be effective in

preventing water shortage. These results suggest that there are several ways to prevent

water shortage, and implementing these solutions can help improve the water supply in

the community

37
 CHAPTER IV

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

The findings of the Researchers, having 151 respondents. The tables include the

percentage of the male respondents which is 43% and 57% for the female. The majority

of the respondents have (56.3%) 1-5 members living in a households followed by

(27.2%) 5-10 members then (11.9%) 10-15 members and lastly the (4.6%) 15 or more

members in their household. The years of residency in Brgy. Pantoc of the residents are

(62.3%) 20 years or more living in the place then (14.6%) have lived in their current

residence for 5-10 years, while (10.6%) have lived there for 10-15 years, and (12.6%)

have lived there for 15-20 years. The respondents were asked about their primary source

of water, and the majority (90.7%) reported using line water as their primary source of

water. A smaller percentage (6.6%) reported using Jetmatic, and only 2.6% reported

using deep well water.

The survey's results, which were gathered to learn more about the Brgy’s water

problem, are shown in the results. The information is presented as qualitative data, a non-

numerical form of information. The respondents reported that due to shortage of water

that many of them are being late at work or unable to do the other chores in their houses.

The residents keep complaining that the pressure of water in their place is too weak and

many of them are not happy especially to those who pay and can’t use water regularly.

The residents are protesting due to overuse of water and the sanitations problems.

38
 The Researchers took a survey on what possible solutions that can help the people

in Brgy. Pantoc. Almost all residents answer the survey that the local government unit

should take care of the pipes, prioritize the changing of rusty pipes and checking water

leakages. These results help the Researchers to provide possible solutions in Brgy.Pantoc

that having a shortage of water.

CONCLUSION

Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusion are drawn:

 Average age of 115 respodents are 35 years old living in Brgy. Pantoc, Aliaga and

majority of female respondents(57%). Most of the respondents are sized 1-5 members per

household and majority uses linewater as source of water.

 Most of the respondents in the study experiencing being late for work, wasting time,

unable to do household chores, and feeling bored. This explains why the questionnaires

were effectively answered by the respondents as they were able to identify the negative

statements and the respondents mostly agreed that water shortage affects their daily tasks

at home.

 This study determined that the Effects of Water Shortage of the respondents has a

weighted mean of 3.49% which described as “Strongly Agree”. The majority of

respondents stated that the lack of water had an impact on their everyday household

tasks.

 This study determined that the Actual Reactions of Residents of the respondents has

a weighted mean of 3.12% which described as “Often”.

39
 This study determined that the Possible Solutions to Prevent Water Shortage of the

respondents has a weighted mean of 3.54% which described as “Very Often”. Residents

of brgy. Pantoc suggested to have every brgy. to produce water tank with the highest

weighted mean of 3.73%

 Water pipeline or water pressure should be evaluated and tested to determine and

account for the impacts to the statements implying water shortage

40
RECOMMENDATION

Guided by findings and conclusions derived from the study, the researchers present the

following recommendations:

To community:

 The findings of the study may help the communities in small town in Aliaga dealt

with the water shortage, by storing water and additional of water pumping

substation.

 Providing a water storage in every household for instance water shortage.

To water district company:

 Maintenance should be performed frequently in water pipeline avoiding water

seepage and illegal water connection.

 Addition of water pumping substation to sustained customer needs.

To future researchers’:

 The result of the study may serve the future researcher to use this study as a basis

and as a reference to new related research study that they will conduct.

 The researcher may take into consideration developing new research study to

answer new queries and to comprehend the other factors affecting water shortage.

41
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49
DOCUMENTATION

50
 CURRICULUM VITAE

MARIFHER KATE F. DELA CRUZ

· Purok 5, Bibiclat, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
· +639952653197
· mkdelacruz.mkdc8@gmail.com

I. PERSONAL INFO:

Age : 21

Birth date : May 31, 2001

Place of birth : Aliaga, Nueva Ecija

Gender : Female

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Languages Spoken : Filipino and English

Mother Name : Maricel F. Dela Cruz

Fathers Name : Fernan M. Dela Cruz

Senior High School Education:

Aliaga National High School
Poblacion East II, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2018-2019

Secondary Level/Junior High School:

Aliaga National High School
Poblacion East II, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2016-2017

Elementary:
Aliaga Ecumenical School
Poblacion Centro, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2012-2013

51
 CURRICULUM VITAE

BRIAN PAUL ALBERT A. SAGUN

· Purok 1, Poblacion Centro, Aliaga Nueva Ecija
· +639155819751
· sagunbrian@gmail.com

I. PERSONAL INFO:

Age : 23

Birth date : November 30,1999

Place of birth : Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija

Gender : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Languages Spoken : Filipino and English

Mother Name : Lenie Rose A. Sagun

Fathers Name : Alberto G. Sagun

Senior High School Education:

Aliaga National High School
Poblacion East II, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2018-2019

Secondary Level/Junior High School:

Aliaga National High School
Poblacion East II, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2016-2017

Elementary:
Aliaga Bright Mind Academy Inc.
Poblacion West 4, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija

52
 S.Y 2012-2013

JEREMY CLAIRE J. AUSTRIA

· 235 Sampaguita st., Pagas, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
· +639979168778
· jeremybabs19@gmail.com

I. PERSONAL INFO:

Age : 21

Birth date : June 19, 2001

Place of birth : Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija

Gender : Female

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Languages Spoken : Filipino and English

Mother Name : Bessie J. Austria

Fathers Name : Alfredo Allan Austria

Senior High School Education:

Nueva Ecija Senior High School
Llanera Street, Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2018-2019

Secondary Level/Junior High School:

Nueva Ecija High School
Burgos Ave., Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2016-2017

Elementary:
Cabanatuan North Elementary School
San Felipe Bata, Aliaga, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2012-2013

53
ALBERT CLAUDE D. SALONGA
· Purok 6, San Jose, Jaen, Nueva Ecija
· +639157633766
· albertclaudesalonga@gmail.com

I. PERSONAL INFO:

Age : 22

Birth date : March 7, 2001

Place of birth : Jaen, Nueva Ecija

Gender : Male

Civil Status : Single

Nationality : Filipino

Languages Spoken : Filipino and English

Mother Name : Claudia D. Salonga

Fathers Name : Alberto S. Salonga

Senior High School Education:

San Agustin Diocesan Academy
Poblacion, Jaen, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2018-2019

Secondary Level/Junior High School:

Putlod San Jose National High School
Putlod, Jaen, Nueva Ecija
S.Y 2016-2017

Elementary:
Putlod Elementary School
Putlod, Jaen, Nueva Ecija

54
S.Y 2012-2013

55