Assessment 2: Proposal to Administration

Student Name

Capella University

NURS-FPX 6414 Advancing Health Care Through Data Mining

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Prof. Name

MAR 24, 2024

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Proposal to Administration: Initiatives for Self-Management
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of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)
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In the landscape of healthcare, managing Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) involves a
collaborative effort among healthcare professionals, nurses, and stakeholders to
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address and regulate this prevalent condition affecting millions of individuals in the
United States (Winkley et al., 2020). To effectively combat T2D, patients must acquire
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essential self-monitoring skills. This proposal delves into the vital components of T2D
self-management within healthcare institutions, including blood sugar testing, balanced
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meal planning, and the encouragement of regular physical activity for patients (Agarwal
et al., 2019). The aim is to underscore the importance of monitoring T2D outcomes to
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elevate patient care standards.

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Justification and Approach for Outcome Assessment

With over 500 million cases of T2D diagnosed in the US, it is imperative to measure
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specific outcomes to aid patients in acquiring self-management skills through diabetes

education programs (Adam, 2018). Initiatives like Diabetes Self-Management Education
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and Support (DSMES) provide educational resources to empower patients in controlling

their condition, fostering community awareness and fostering positive self-management
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behaviors. Additionally, the Chronic Disease Management System (CDMS) significantly
contributes to managing blood sugar levels and mitigating complications, thus improving
patient quality of life and reducing healthcare expenses (Agarwal et al., 2019). Outcome
measurements serve as essential benchmarks for establishing patient baselines.

Benchmark Criteria

As per the American Diabetes Association, the target for acceptable blood sugar levels
in the US is below 7% (van Smoorenburg et al., 2019). There is also an emphasis on
achieving up to a 15% reduction in patient weight, based on medication efficacy
(Apovian et al., 2018). However, a 5% mortality rate among patients underscores the
urgent need for enhanced hospital care quality.

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Evaluation of Data Measures and Trends

Several data measures and trends warrant consideration in evaluating this area of

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service. These include early patient mortality, reduced lifespans, a 25% readmission
rate for T2D in the US, and the inverse correlation between educational attainment and

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disease prevalence. Moreover, the risk of T2D is disproportionately higher among
Hispanic and Black Americans compared to other demographic groups (Wu, 2019).

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Data Interpretation in Alignment with Benchmarks
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The incidence of T2D has consistently risen in Western nations over the past four
decades, particularly among younger demographics in recent years (Winkley et al.,
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2020). Blood sugar levels below 140 mg/dL are considered within the normal range,
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while levels exceeding 200 mg/dL indicate a higher likelihood of diabetes. This
underscores the critical role of T2D self-management programs in reducing readmission
rates.
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Data Spreadsheet
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Diabetes mellitus presents a significant global health challenge, with the prevalence
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among adults doubling from 4.7% to 8.5% between the 1980s and 2015 (Agarwal et al.,
2019). Notably, diabetes has ranked as the seventh leading cause of death in the USA
since 2019, with almost 87,647 death certificates (Adam, 2018). The datasheet provides
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essential statistics on T2D across various racial demographics in the US, considering
educational and racial disparities.
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Conclusion

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The analysis of T2D self-management data highlights a significant correlation between
individuals' educational levels and diabetes prevalence in the United States. Behavioral
self-management is crucial for both healthcare professionals and patients in mitigating
the elevated rates of diabetes. The evidence suggests a steady rise in T2D diagnoses
in the US, influenced by lower patient education levels and racial disparities.

References

Adam, L., O’Connor, C., & Garcia, A. C. (2018). Evaluating the impact of diabetes
self-management education methods on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of adult
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 42(5),
470–477.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.11.003

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Agarwal, P., Mukerji, G., Desveaux, L., Ivers, N. M., Bhattacharyya, O., Hensel, J. M., …
Bhatia, R. S. (2019). Mobile app for improved self-management of type 2 diabetes:

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Multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 7(1),
e10321. https://doi.org/10.2196/10321

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Apovian, C. M., Okemah, J., & O’Neil, P. M. (2018). Body weight considerations in the
management of type 2 diabetes. Advances in Therapy, 36(1), 44–58.

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-018-0824-8
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van Smoorenburg, A. N., Hertroijs, D. F. L., Dekkers, T., Elissen, A. M. J., & Melles, M.
(2019). Patient’s perspective on self-management: type 2 diabetes in daily life. BMC
Health Services Research, 19(1), 605. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4384-7
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Winkley, K., Upsher, R., Stahl, D., Pollard, D., Kasera, A., Brennan, A., … Ismail, K.
(2020). Psychological interventions to improve self-management of type 1 and type 2
diabetes: a systematic review. Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England),
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24(28), 1–232. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta24280

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Wu, F. L., Tai, H. C., & Sun, J. C. (2019). Self-management experience of middle-aged
and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A qualitative study. Asian Nursing Research,
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13(3), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.06.002

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