9

Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 4 - Module 2
Properties: Prescription Medicines
versus Over-the-Counter Medicines
Consumer Chemistry – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4–Module 2 Properties: Prescription Medicines versus Over –the-Counter
Medicines

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks,
etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has
been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright
owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education- Region III Secretary:

Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer/Illustrator/Layout Artist/Editor:
Maria Theresa Bernadette C. Dela Cruz
Marlon S. Caluag
Julie Ann J. Magno

Content Evaluator : Marissa V. Mallillin

Language Evaluator : Evelyn I. Domalaon
Layout Evaluator : Florida P. Tolentino
Management Team : Gregorio C. Quinto Jr.
Rainelda M. Blanco Agnes
R. Bernardo Marinella P.
Garcia Sy Glenda S.
Constantino Joannarie C.
Garcia

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education- Schools Division of Bulacan
Office Address: Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System
(LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
E-mail address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 9
Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 4 - Module 2
Properties: Prescription Medicines
versus Over-the-Counter
Medicines
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can continue your
studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are
carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover
and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell
you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or
your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you
need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each
activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided to our
facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your
home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read the instructions carefully before
performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module provides varied activities that will help you compare prescription medi-
cines from over-the-counter medicines in terms of their chemical properties and us-
es. Various activities are provided for you to perform to strengthen your knowledge and skills
regarding the topic.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 define chemical properties operationally,
 distinguish the different chemical properties present in an
over-the- counter medicines and prescription medicines; and
 explain how these chemical properties affect the biological action of medicines.

What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Use a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following organic compounds is used as a stimulant laxative drug?

A. Bisacodyl
B. Benadryl
C. Brufen
D. Claritin
2. Which best describes biostatic?
A. Eliminates bacterial growth
B. Kills the bacteria
C. Prevents bacterial growth
D. All of the above .
3. What does the word antihistamine mean?
A. Allergen
B. Allergy
C. Allergology
D. All of the above
4. Which of the following releases histamine once activated?
A. Eosinophil
B. Mast Cell
C. Neuron
D. All of the above
5. Which of the following has the capacity to bind with H receptors?
A. Ephedrine
B. Histamine
C. Monoamines
D. All of the above

1
6. Which of the following has the capacity to neutralize stomach acid?
A. Analgesic
B. Antibiotic
C. Antacids
D. All of the above
7.Which among the receptor sites is responsible for immediate hypersensitivity
reaction?
A. H1 receptor site
B. H2 receptor site
C. H3 receptor site
D. H4 receptor site .
8. Which of the following describes drug molecular solubility in water?
A. Hydrophilic
B. Hydrophobic
C. Nucleophilic
D. Nucleophobic
9.Which of the following best describes the characteristic of vitamins?
A. They are cofactor for biochemical transformation.
B. They are an enzyme substrate in catalytic reaction.
C. They are neurotransmitters.
D. All of the above
10. Which of the following decongestants suited for runny nose?
A. Sudafed
B. Sudafed PE
C. Afrin
D. All of the above
11. Which enzyme is responsible for the decarboxylation of histidine ?
A. L–histidine carboxylase
B. L- histidine decarboxylase
C. L– histidine oxycarboxylase
D. all of the above
12. Which of the following antacids contains Aluminum hydroxide?
A. Maalox
B. Tums
C. Reenies
D. All of the above
13. Al(OH)2 when introduced to acid produces .
A. Aluminum chloride + water
B. Aluminum + water
C. Chlorine + water
D. None of the above
14. Which of the following elevates the level of serotonin?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Rifampicin
C. Quinolones
D. All of the above

2
 What’s
In
In your previous lesson, you learned about the different classifications of medicines. Let
us review.

Directions: Study the table below. One out of four given medicines is not related to the given
classification. Write the odd one on your answer sheet.

Classification of
Medicine/ Drugs Odd-One-OUT
Medicines
Anesthetic drugs
1. Autonomic Nervous System Beta–Adrenergic blockers
Drugs Catecholamines
Cholinergic
Anticoagulant Antimigraine
2.Neurologic and Neuromuscular drugs
Drugs Anticonvulsant drugs
Antiparkinsonian drugs
Aspirin
Barbiturates
3. Pain Medications Morphine
Rifampicin
Antianginal drugs
Antiarrhythmic drugs
4. Cardiovascular Drugs Anticoagulant
Antihypersensitive drugs
Aspirin
Beta-blockers
5. Hematologic Drugs Folic Acid
Warfarin
Acetaminophen
Antitussives
6.Respiratory Drug Expectorants
Mucolytics
Antacids
Antidiarrheal
7. Gastrointestinal Drugs Cocaine Laxative
drug
Barbiturates
Cephalosporins
8.Anti-Infective Drugs Penicillin
Rifampicin
Antianxiety drugs
Antigout drugs
9. Psychotropic Drugs Hypnotic drugs
Sedative drugs
Antihistamine Antigout
10.Anti Inflammatory, drugs Antimycotic
Anti–allergy and drugs Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressant Drugs
3
 What’s New

Direction: Examine the illustrations below. Determine whether each role described is
prescription medicine or over-the-counter. Write PM if it is a prescription
medicine and OTC if it is an over-the-counter medicine. Write your answer on
separate sheet of paper.

Tell me about yourself

The human body is composed of a variety of cells that function differently from one
another. Since it should be protected from harmful entities and unwanted chemicals produced
within the system, the human body generally adapts to the entry of the different medicines to
work and ensure its safety .
Let us analyze the actions of the different medicines, particularly prescription
and over-the-counter medicines, as they are introduced in the human body.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

4
 What is It

PROPERTIES: PRESCRIPTION AND OVER-THE-COUNTER MEDICINES

In this module, you will learn that some over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription
medicines manifest various chemical changes. You will find out how they contribute to the
biological effects or actions as it undergoes chemical reaction influenced by their unique chemical
properties.
These over-the-counter and prescription medicines are chemical substances most likely
made up of organic compounds and other molecules that could bring a change in biological
function through their chemical reaction. The drug molecules present in an OTC and prescription
medicines has the ability to interact as an agonist (activator) or an antagonist (inhibitor)
with a specific target molecule in biological system. This target molecule is called a receptor.
Some natural chemical substances like hormones, neurotransmitters and other medicines are
examples of agonists in activating the receptor to produce the desired result. The antagonist
prevents and blocks agonist activation and gives other effects in cellular activity. Figure 1
shows the medicine interaction of an agonist and antagonist that is likely to happen inside the
human body.

Figure 1. Agonist and Antagonist

What will happen to Chemical property is described based on the

these medicines as they
enter in the body?
ty quickly
characteristics observed during a particular event or
reaction. Half-life, a chemical property de- notes the amount
of time it will take for half the original substance to decay or
take effect. A substance that may be attributed to and
caused by drug toxici-
damage an animal a plant, cell , organ and other organisms.

5
 Toxicity may occur at doses exceeding the therapeutic effect like the death of cells and
lesion to tissue. However, to sustain and maintain the state of chemical equilibrium within the
environment , its stability takes place whenever a chemical system will be in its lowest energy
state. Their ability to oxidize also takes place by gaining oxygen, losing hydrogen, or losing
electrons, and its property is being oxidized. The substance then undergoes a certain change.
SOME COMMON OVER-THE-COUNTER MEDICINES AND THEIR
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Antacids , a drug that neutralizes gastric acidity, which
What are some generally contains active ingredients like Bicarbonate which are
common over – present in Alka Seltzer drug produces carbon dioxide gas.
the– counter Tums and Reenies, which contain calcium produce salt and
medicines? carbonic acid.
Aluminum hydroxide which is present in Maalox and Mylanta pro-
duces Aluminum chloride and water, and lastly, Magnesium which is
found in the Milk of Magnesia. yields magnesium chloride and wa- ter
once in contact with HCl.
Those active ingredients have the ability to react with the
hydrochloric acid (HCl) present in the stomach to yield salts and
water. The reaction is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Reaction with Acid and Base

Antihistamine (C5H9N3) is an organic nitrogenous compound derived from the

decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine. Decarboxylation is a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme
L-histidine decarboxylase. Antihistamine has a melting point of 83.5 0C and boiling point of
209.5 0C . It is soluble in water (hydrophilic), and another solvent like ethanol and very slightly
soluble in diethyl ether. Antihistamine is a medication that counteract the action of histamine .
Histamine is known as a mediator of an allergic reaction, but is responsible for sleep and wake up
cycle, cognition, appetite ,and food intake.

6
 Histamine is abundantly present in the skin, lung ,and gastrointestinal tract. When in
tissue, they are stored in the mast cells. Histamine exerts its action by binding to histamine
receptors (H receptor). There are four H receptors with different uses.
Significantly, both H1 ,and H4 are involved in allergic inflammation. H2 receptor
works to stimulate gastric secretion and as a result H2 antihistamine is used to treat acid
disorders such as reflux and peptic ulcer. The word “antihistamine” refers to allergy, treating
H1 antihistamine wherein most allergy occurs due to exposure to an allergen. The mast cells
that were sensitized to the allergen are activated , releasing histamine and other inflammatory
chemicals. Histamine causes dilation and increases permeability of blood vessel, stimulation of
sensory nerves, contraction of smooth muscle and other allergic symptoms. Histamine when
released in a massive amount can be life-threatening as shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3 - The release of Histamine

Most first-generation H1 antihistamine is derived from the same chemical muscarinic.
They are not similar to histamine in structure and they do not compete with it for binding to H1
receptor .Instead they bind to a different site and stabilize into an inactive state. So, H1
antihistamine is not an antagonist. They can cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) and
interfere the histamine function and act as a sedative. Prescribe Medicine sample includes
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Promethazine and Chlorpheniramine . However, the 2nd
Generation H1 antihistamine is highly selective. In their polar structure, they are less able to
cross the BBB and are non-sedative. Examples of medicine for these are Cetrizine (Zytec)
Loratidine (Claritin) and Levocetrizine (Xyral).

7
Decongestant
One of the active ingredients of decongestant is pseudoephedrine, found in Ephedra species
of plants . Commercially, this can be synthesized from Benzaldehyde as it reacts with the enzyme
pyruvate in the form of yeast, methylamine producing pseudoephedrine .It has a melting point of
119 oC . It is soluble in water and soluble in benzene .Decongestant is the agonist of the alpha 1
receptors which can be found at the pupil of the eyes, blood vessels and urinary system .Some
examples of decongestants are Oxymetazoline (Afrin or Zicam) use in Visine to decrease the
swollen blood vessel in the eyes , Phenylephinephrine (Sudafed PE ) and Pseudoephedrine
(Sudafed) for runny nose and sinus pain caused by infection.

Vitamins
Vitamins are essential nutrients that our body needs in a minute
amount like Vitamin C which is chemically known as ascor- bic acid.
It exists in two forms namely L ascorbic acid and L-
dehydroascorbic acid . L ascorbic acid in its reduced form is a weak
sugar acid that is related to glucose and has a low pH level .
It is also a dibasic acid with a pKa value of 4.1 to 11.8. On the
other hand, L-dehydroascorbic acid , in oxidized form, when reacts with several amino acids, will
form brown colored products, this reaction contributes to the food spoilage as well. This vitamin
serves as an enzyme substrate, a protein that acts as a biological cat- alyst that speeds up a
chemical reaction and a cofactor , a helper molecule in a biochemical transformation. This
vitamin is essential for tissue repair and enzymatic production of neurotransmitter, a chemical
produced by the neuron to transmit messages throughout the body.

Pain Killer
Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the most common OTC medicine to combat pain .
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is used as an analgesic ,that treats aches and antipyretic which helps
reduce fever. It is a white solid substance with the chemical formula of C8H9NO2 and a melting
point of 170 oC, soluble in water and has a density of 1.263g/cm3. The structure of acetaminophen
contains three functional groups such as hydroxyl group (OH-), amide group (HN-CO-R) and
aromatic group (benzene ring). Paracetamol is a weak acid due to the dissociation of Hydrogen in
an aqueous environment .The hydrolysis of amide in acidic solution produces an amine and a
carboxylic acid and so, therefore, the hydrolysis of acetaminophen in acidic solution will yield 4–
aminophenol (amine) and an acetic acid ( carboxylic group). This is shown below in Figure 4. The
organic structure of acetaminophen in a chemical reaction

8
Ibuprofen are known under the trade name of Advil , Brufen, Motrin and
Nurofen. It is anti-inflammatory substance that reduces inflammation,
analgesic and antipyretic as well. It is a white crystalline solid substance with a
molecular formula of C13H13O2 and a melting point of 76 0C. It is slightly
soluble in water and very soluble in ethanol. The structural formula contains
the carboxyl functional group (COOH) and aromatic
group (benzene ring). Significantly the presence of this structural group reduces the polarity of
the ibuprofen molecule. As a consequence, ibuprofen is slightly soluble in water and more
soluble in alcohol as shown in Figure 5 . The structural formula of Ibuprofen.

Figure 4. Acetaminophen and chemical reaction

Laxatives

These are drugs that tend to facilitate bowel movement. Bisacodyl is an organic
compound with a molecular formula of C22H19NO4 and this is used as stimulant laxative drug.
Some of the trade names for these laxatives are Fleet, Purga, Dulcolax . Bisacodyl is
hydrolyzed by intestinal enzymes and colonic bacteria to form an active metabolite that acts
directly on the colonic mucosa and stimulates large intestine fluid/ and electrolyte secretion

Figure 5. Structural Formula of

Ibuprofen

9
 SOME COMMON PRESCRIPTION MEDICINES AND THEIR
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Antibiotic is any organic chemical substance produced by an organism to kill another
harmful and pathogenic organism. It is coined from the word “antibiosis” which means “against
life” However, at present , it is defined as being produced through syn- thetic (partly or wholly
synthetic.)
Antibiotics are medications used to fight bacterial infections. Originally coined
“antibiotic” referred to the natural compound produced by certain microorganism to fight against
the other microorganisms. For example, Penicillin is produced by the fungus pen- icillium . But
nowadays, it is being synthetically modified and became bactericidal meaning they fight against
bacteria and biostatic meaning they can prevent the growth of other bacteria . Antibiotics can be a
broad-spectrum medicine affecting both gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria, while others
are narrow-spectrum affecting small and specific group of bacteria. Since the bacterial cell wall is
made up of thick pepti- doglycan, antibiotics act at various stages of peptidoglycan synthesis and
do not affect the mammalian cells This antibiotic tend to be highly selective. They target the
bacteria but not the host cells. They also tend to disrupt the integrity of the host’s cell membrane
by binding to membrane phospholipids and became toxic to mammalian cells if adminis- tered
systemically. For this reason, antibiotic is administered and prescribed.
Antibiotics can interfere with protein synthesis such as for- mation
What are the of 30s initiation complex, assembly of 50s ribosomes subu- nit, formation
uses of some of 70s ribosomes from 30s and 50s and elongation. It can act as an
antibiotics? inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis by binding to bac- terial topoisomerase
II, the enzymes that relax the supercoiled DNA before its replication .
Some may interfere with RNA synthe- sis by inhibiting RNA
polymerase. Some of these antibiotics may not affect the enzymes but
may affect the host cell, as a result, the medicine are used for cancer
treatment, since they reproduce uncontrollably they are more affected by
the action of this chemi- cal agent.

10
 . .

Antidepressant Drug
This medicine is cognizant of the chemical imbalance theory, the idea
that depression is related to having insufficient monoamines, a class
of neurotransmitters in the brain. Antidepressant medicine like
Fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)
elevate the availability ofserotonin. Serotonin is a specific monoamine and a chemical substance
known for well being and happiness. Prozac acts on a specific receptor and it has the ability to
block serotonin for further reabsorption, leaving it more available in the brain. Because of this,
they are called Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRIs) which has a half-life of two to
three days once taken in.

What’s More

Independent Activity 1
Directions : Read and study the procedure carefully. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper
The Fate of Calcium Carbonate …
Objectives: To determine the presence of Calcium carbonate using common liquid.
Materials : Newspaper/ paper or Towel Spoon
Eggshells Plastic Cup
Antacid Tablet (any available) Vinegar
Procedure:
1. Cover your work surface with newspaper or paper towels.
Place some eggshells and an antacid tablet on your work surface.
2. Use the back of a tablespoon to crush the eggshells as much as you can.
3. Wipe off the spoon and use it to crush the antacid tablet. If it is very hard to crush, ask your
adult partner to help you crush it. (Note :It’s easier to crush the tablet if you start from the
edge rather than the middle.)
4.Place the crushed eggshells and antacid tablet on a piece of paper.

11
5.Place 1 Tablespoon of water and 1 tablespoon of vinegar in each of two small
plastic cups.
6.Pick up about the same amount of eggshells in each hand and place the eggshell in each cup
at the same time. After about 2 to 3 minutes, Observe.
7.Repeat steps 5 and 6 for the antacid tablet.
Guide Question:
Q1 What happens to eggshells when added to water? when added to vinegar?
Q2. What happens to the antacid tablet when added to water ? When added to vinegar?
Q3. Which among the samples undergoes a chemical change? Cite some chemical properties that
you observed.
Q4. Based on the activity, define the chemical properties in your own words.

Independent Assessment 1
Direction: Match column A with column B. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
COLUMN A
COLUMN B A. Hydrochloric acid

1. It causes production of gas. B. Aluminum Hydroxide

2. Active ingredients present in Maalox C. Vinegar

3. A drug that neutralizes gastric acid. D. Antacids

E. Salt and water
4. The by-product of Calcium and gastric acid.
F. Bicarbonate
5. An acid found in the stomach

12
Independent Activity 2

Directions: Copy the word puzzle and encircle the chemical properties found in over-
the-counter medicines and prescription medicines. ( 5 points)

O P O I D S G H S D E A
E X H A L F L I F E S N
P K I L L E R T Y A T T
A O C D O I B I Y N A B
I W E R A G D T T I B I
N R H U N T V B R A I O
D T T G T O I A Y A L T
V B R S I Z X O V B I I
S D E P R E S S N A T C
H J V K M N O P A S Y S
R T O X I C I T Y A E F

Independent Assessment 2
Directions : Unlock the idea being described in each statement . Use a separate sheet of
paper for your answer.

1. It refers to the amount of time a substance decays.

_ _L_ L _F _
2. It denotes the occurrence of how quickly a drug can damage tissue or cell. T _ X

_C_T_
3. It refers to the strength of medicine at its lowest level.

S_A__L_T_
4. A process that indicates the loss and gain of electron . O _ I

D_T__N
5. It is an evidence of a chemical reaction based on its property.

C_AN_E

13
Independent Activity 3
Directions Draw an outline of a bacterial cell, including the cellular contents, and label all the
areas. Circle areas where antibiotics are active.

Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Categorize the given medicine as over-the-counter medicines and prescription
medicines by checking (√) the box . Write the chemical property present in each
medicine and give their biological effect (s). Write your an- swer on a separate
sheet of paper.

Rx
OTC
Prescribe CHEMICAL
MEDICINE Medicine EFFECTS
Medicine PROPERTY
(√)
(√)
Neutralizes the
Example √ Production of
stomach acidity
1.Alka Seltzer gas
level
2.Reenies,

3.Benadryl

4.Ascorbic acid.

5.Pseudoephedrine

6.Paracetamol

7.Ibuprofen
8. Penicillin
9. Decongestant

10. Prozac

14
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Analyze the action of medicine in your body. What help does it give you, as
it is being administered to you? Write your reflections in the scroll .

My Daily Dose of Reflection……...

I have learned that OTC medicines

I have learned that prescription medicines

As the medicine is being administered I have realized that

From now on, I will

15
 What I Can Do

Directions: List down five over-the-counter medicines found in your home medicine cabinet
and five prescription medicines that you and your family members had taken in the
past years. What are their effects?

PRESCRIPTION MEDICINES OVER-THE- COUNTER MEDICINES

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

What are the effects?

16
 Assessment

Direction: Read each question carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Use a separate sheet of paper for your
1. Which of the following blocks the action of an enzyme?
A. Agonist
B. Antagonist
C. Antigonist
D. Protagonist
2. Which of the following refers to the amount of time for the medicine to decay?
A. Half-day
B. Half decay
C. Half-life
D. Half-time
3.Which of the following reacts with HCl and neutralizes gastric acid?
A. Bicarbonate
B. Calcium
C. Magnesium
D. All of the above
4.Which of the following is derived from histidine?
A. Amine
B. Antihistamine
C. Histamine
D. All of the above
5. Which of the following receptors are bound to cross Blood-Brain Barrier( BBB)?
A. H1
B. H2
C. H3
D. H4
6.Which of the following is odd-one-out ?
A. Cetrizine
B. Claritin
C. Xyral
D. Benadryl

17
7. .Which of the following is likely to react with enzyme pyruvate to produce
pseudoephedrine?
A. Aldehyde
B. Benzene
C. Benzaldehyde
D. All of the above
8. Which of the following is another term for Ascorbic acid?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin D
9. Which of the following differentiates paracetamol from ibuprofen?
A. Analgesic effect
B. Anti-inflammatory effect
C. Antipyretic Effect
D. All of the above
10. Which of the following are by- products of amide during the hydrolysis process?
A. Amine and carboxylic group
B. Amine and dicarboxylic group
C. Amine and hydroxyl group
D. 4-aminophenol and acetic acid
11. Which of the following substances is yielded by acetaminophen during the hydrolysis
process?
A. Amine and carboxylic group
B. Amine and dicarboxylic group
C. Amine and hydroxyl group
D. 4-aminophenol and acetic acid
12. Which of the following drugs best stimulates the large intestine and electrolyte
secretion?
A. antibiotic
B. Antacids
C. Laxatives
D. Pain killer

18
13. What is the meaning coined by the word “antibiosis”?
A. Anti-age
B. Against life
C. Pro-life
D. All of the above
14. Which of the following best describes the manifestation of antibiotics?
A. They are broad and narrow spectrum medicine.
B. They are bound according to their specific structure and property in terms of
action.
C. They kill unwanted and pathogenic bacteria
D. All of the above
15. What chemical substance is known for its well-being and happiness?
A. Dopamine
B. Monoamines
C. Norepinephrine
D. Serotonin

Additional Activity

Directions: Using the guide questions below, make an interview with your family members or
friend/s who are taking medications in the past seven days or more. All the responses
should be compiled in a student-made album. Gather all their answers and identify
whether each medicine is categorized as over-the- counter or prescription medicines.
Find out on their responses how these medicines take effects and make some changes in
their body.
Content of the album:
 Names of the respondents with photo documentation. (online or face to face if
possible)
 Pictures or labels of the medicines used by the respondents.
 Responses of the respondents.

19
 .
Guide questions:
1. When you feel sick, do you consult with your doctor? If yes, what does he/she usually give to
you?

2.If you don’t consult with your doctor, how do you buy your medicine? What kind of
medicine would you buy?

3.What medicines in the past seven days did you take? Which of them is/ are OTC
and prescription medicine/s?

4. Name the effects of medicine that you have taken?

5.Did any of the medicines that you have taken had adverse effects? If Yes,
name that particular medicine and the negative effect that you have experienced. What did
you do?

Rubrics

Criteria 5points 3points 2 points

Ability of the All prescription and OTC Few prescription and OTC Few prescription
interviewer to medicines have been medicines have been medicines and no OTC
identify the identified correctly and identified correctly. medicines have been
medicines. supported by prescrip- identified or vice versa.
tion note from the
health professionals. (if
applicable)

Motivational The interviewer has five The interviewer has three The interviewer has one
aspect of the respondents. All the to four respondents. or two respondents and
interviewer questions are properly some of the questions are
Two to three questions are
answered. unanswered.
not properly answered.

Organization of All responses of the Some responses of the Few responses of the
thoughts interviewees are interviewees are complete, interviewees are
complete, clearly clearly stated ,and not well incomplete, not clearly
stated ,and well orga- organized. stated , and not well or-
nized. ganized

20
 Sample only

 Photo documentations
 Date:
 Time :
Label for
OTC
Medicines
Write ups

Medicine label

Label for
prescription
medicines

21
 E A
S P N V J
S E P D S
I V X I V
T A O T G T
O N
I I T G R W I
I O
A T E L K P
E
A D S S I O P

22
 References

Website

Bisacodyl. Access April 23, 2021. https://www.pharmacompass.com/chemistry-chemical-

name/bisacodyl
Educational-resources-understanding-over-counter-medicine#brochures. Access
April
23,2021https://www.fda.gov/drugs/understanding-over-counter-medicines/
Ibuprofen, Access April 23, 2021, https://www.ausetute.com.au/ibuprofen.html

Paracetamol. Access April 19,2021,https://www.ausetute.com.au paraceta

mol.html#:~:text=Paracetamol%20(acetaminophen)%20is%20a%20white,is% 20slightly
%20soluble%20in%20water.&text=Paracetamol%20(acetaminophen)%2 0undergoes
%20hydrolysis%20in,amine%20and%20a%20carboxylic%20acid.

Reuben Drug Classes & Actions : Antihistamines Cheat Sheet, Accessed April 19,2021,
https://cheatography.com/reuben/cheat-sheets/drug-classes-and-actions- antihis tamines/

E-Book
Masters,S,Katzung,B and Trevor,A. “A Basic and Clinical Pharmacology”,12th Ed.
New York :Appleton and Lange Mc Graw Hill Companies Incorporated, 2012
https://www.amazon.com/Basic-Clinical-Pharmacology-LANGE-Science/dp/0071764011

23
 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan

24