A MICRO PROJECT REPORT ON

“Collect damages caused by various natural hazards .”

Submitted 2023-2024
This micro project work submitted for partial fulfilment
requirement for the Award of diploma in,

Civil Engineering

Under the Guidance of

Mr. A. G. Baiswar sir

(Lecturer in Civil Engineering Department)

Submitted By :- Piyush B. Nandekar (52)

 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC BRAMHAPURI
DIST-CHANDRAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Certificate
This is certify that the following student of this institute have carried out this
micro project work on “Collect damages caused by various natural
hazards.” under the guidance of Mr. A. G. Baiswar sir in the Department
of Civil Engineering during the session 2023-2024.This work has been done
in the partial fulfilment of the award for in Civil engineering from
Maharashtra State Board of Education, Mumbai.

Submitted By:- Piyush B. Nandekar (52)

Mr. A. G. Baiswar sir

Project Guide

Prof. M. T. Nagdeve. Dr. R. L. Wankhade

Head of Department Principal

 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC BRAMHAPURI

DIST-CHANDRAPUR

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am student of Second year of Department of Civil Engineering, humbly
completed this Micro- Project work for time to time as described in this report
by my own skill and study between the period from 2023-2024. As per
Instruction and Guidance of Mr. A. G. Baiswar sir and following student
was associated for this work. However, quantum of my contribution has been
approved by the guide.

Submitted By :- Piyush B. Nandekar (52)

 Part - A
Title :-“Collect damages caused by various natural hazards.”

Aim :- Study about the “Collect damages caused by various natural hazards. ”

Course Outcome (CO):- Restore the damages of building structural elements

using suitable method of repair.

Proposed Methodology :-

1. To discuss the topic of project with respective teacher.

2. To take guideline from subject teacher about project.

3. To collect information about topic of micro project.

4. To prepare a proposal of project.

5. To submit the proposal of project to the subject teacher.

Action plan:-

Sr. Details Of Activity Planned Planned Roll No.

No start date finished date

1 Details discussion on the 52

micro project
2 Take guideline with 52
subject teacher on
given topic
3 Collection of 52
information of
given topic
4 Preparation of proposal 52

5 Submission of proposal to 52
the subject teacher

Resources Required:-

Sr. Name of Specifications Qty.

No material

1 Books Maintenance and Repairs of Building (Guha,P. K.) 1

2 Website
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXglx8BXR-Y

Name with Roll No :- Piyush B. Nandekar (52)

Guided By :- Mr. A. G. Baiswar sir

 Part B
1. Rationale :-

It is absolutely necessary to maintain the building structure in order to preserve

the assets and protect the building the building occupants. Normally, the
external parts of a building ges weathered quickly being exposed to the natural
environment. Overlooked dilapidation and inadequate maintenance in the
building lead to loose mortar, tiles and bricks of external walls, spalled concrete
and thereby threaten public safety. Proper building maintenance ensures that
the building and the environment remain healthy, clean and a safe place to work
or reside. The strengthening of elements for sustaining loads in future enhances
the life, use and raise the value of structures. Regular inspection and
maintenance is therefore necessary for timely identification of deteriorated
building elements. However, this requires a scientific approach through the
investigation of failure pattern. The civil engineering technologists are required
to prevent the deterioration of different types of buildings and also to repair the
damages in the building. This course is therefore designed to develop the
competency to do all these activities.

2. Aim of micro Project: Study about the . “Collect damages caused by various
natural hazards.”

3. Course Outcome Achieved (Cos ):- Restore the damages of building

structural elements using suitable method of repair.
 Introduction
Certainly, natural hazards can cause a wide range of damages, impacting both human
lives and infrastructure. Here are some common damages caused by various natural
hazards:

1.Flooding:

• Structural damage to buildings, bridges, roads, and infrastructure due to

inundation and water pressure.
• Destruction of crops, farmlands, and agricultural infrastructure.
• Contamination of water sources, leading to health hazards and waterborne
diseases.
• Displacement of populations and loss of homes, resulting in homelessness and
temporary shelters.
• Economic losses due to business interruptions, loss of livelihoods, and
damage to industries located in flood-prone areas.

2.Earthquakes:

• Collapse or partial damage of buildings, including residential, commercial,

and industrial structures.
• Loss of life and injuries due to building collapses, falling debris, and
infrastructure damage.
• Disruption of essential services such as electricity, water supply, and
communication networks.
• Landslides and ground subsidence, leading to additional structural damage
and hazards.
• Economic losses from business interruptions, decreased tourism, and
rebuilding costs.

3.Hurricanes/Cyclones/Typhoons:

• Structural damage to buildings, homes, and infrastructure from high winds,

storm surges, and heavy rainfall.
• Flooding and inundation of coastal areas, resulting in property damage and
loss of livelihoods.
• Displacement of populations and disruption of communities, necessitating
emergency evacuation and relief efforts.
 • Destruction of crops, agricultural lands, and fisheries, affecting food security
and livelihoods.
• Environmental damage, including habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and
contamination from debris and pollutants.

4.Wildfires:

• Destruction of forests, vegetation, and wildlife habitats due to intense heat and
flames.
• Damage to homes, buildings, and infrastructure located in wildfire-prone
areas.
• Air pollution and degradation of air quality from smoke, ash, and particulate
matter.
• Loss of life and injuries to firefighters, residents, and wildlife.
• Economic losses from property damage, loss of tourism revenue, and
firefighting costs.

5.Tornadoes:

• Destruction of buildings, homes, and infrastructure from high winds and

flying debris.
• Loss of life and injuries from direct impact and structural collapses.
• Displacement of populations and damage to communities, necessitating
emergency response and recovery efforts.
• Economic losses from property damage, business interruptions, and rebuilding
costs.
• Psychological impacts on affected individuals and communities due to trauma
and loss.

6.Volcanic Eruptions:

• Structural damage to buildings, homes, and infrastructure from volcanic ash,

lava flows, and pyroclastic flows.
• Loss of life and injuries from volcanic eruptions and associated hazards such
as lahars and toxic gas emissions.
• Disruption of transportation networks, including roads, airports, and seaports,
due to ashfall and debris.
• Agricultural losses from crop damage, soil fertility loss, and contamination
from volcanic ash.
  Proposed methodology

1. I have discussed the topic with the subject teacher.

2. I have prepared proposal of micro-project.
3. I have collected required resources.
4. I have prepared report as per guidance of subject teacher.

 Conclusion:-

Natural hazards such as flooding, earthquakes,

hurricanes/cyclones/typhoons, wildfires, tornadoes, and volcanic eruptions
inflict significant damages across diverse sectors. These damages include
structural destruction of buildings and infrastructure, loss of life and
injuries, displacement of populations, environmental degradation, and
economic losses. The widespread consequences underscore the importance
of implementing robust disaster preparedness, mitigation strategies, and
resilience-building measures to minimize the impacts of natural hazards
and enhance the ability of communities to withstand and recover from these
events. Additionally, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, investing in
early warning systems, and promoting sustainable development practices
are crucial steps towards building more resilient societies in the face of
natural hazards.