CLASS-9 SCIENCE EXTRA QUESTIONS

Chapter 15 - Improvement in Food

MCQ QUESTIONS

Q.1Define fertilizers.1

Ans.Fertilizers are commercially produced plant nutrients.

Q.2Define crop rotation.1

Ans. When two plants are growing on any piece of land repeating to each other, it is
known as crop rotation.

Q.3How can you define draught animals?1

Ans.The animals, used only for farm labour is known as drought animals.

Q.4What is manure?1

Ans.Manure is prepared by animal excreta and plant waste.

Q.5What are the means which control insects, weeds and diseases? 1

Ans.Insecticides, herbicides and fungicides.

Q.6What are micro-nutrients for plants?1

Ans.The nutrients used by plants in small quantities are called as micronutrients.

Q.7Name some fodders which are used as food for animals.1

Ans.Burseem. Oat and sudan grass.

Q.8Why summer ploughing is usable?1

Ans.The ploughing during summer help to destroy weeds and pests.

Q.6What are the karif and rabi crops?2

Ans. There are some crops, which are grown in rainy season, called the kharif season
from the month of June to October, and some of the crops are grown in the winter
season, called the rabi season from November to April.

Q.7What is hybridization? What is its type?2

Ans. Hybridisation refers to crossing between genetically dissimilar plants. This crossing
may be intervarietal (between different varieties), interspecific (between two
different species of the same genus) or intergeneric (between different genera).

Q.8 What are essential nutrients? Which nutrients obtained from air and water
are important?2

Ans. The nutrients which obtained from outside is called as essential elements. C, H and
O.

Q.9What is the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs?2

Ans. The plants, which can produce their own food material, is called autotrophs and those
plants, which can not manufacture their own food but depends on the other, are
called heterotrophs.

Q.10What are weeds? Give examples?2

Ans. Weeds are unwanted plants that produce here and there. They compete for food,
space and light. Motha and Gaja ghas.

Q.11Name two plants which act as insecticides.2

Ans.Neen kernel powder and crushed black paper.

Q.12Differentiate manure and fertilizers.2

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Ans. Manure – It is prepared by animal excreta and plant waste and it supplies large
quantities of organic matter and small quantities of nutrients whereas fertilizers are
produced commercially and it supplies N, P and K to the soil but not organic matter.

Q.13Name the seed borne and soil borne diseases.2

Ans.Leaf spot of rice and smut of bajra.

Q.14Which factors are responsible for loss during storage?2

Ans.Biotic factor – insects, rodents, birds and bacteria.

Abiotic factor – moisture content, temperature and humidity.

Q.15What do you know about milch animals?2

Ans. The milk producing animals or breeds such as cow, buffaloes, goats and camels are
known as milch animals.

Q.16What are the types of poultry breeds?2

Ans.Indigenous breeds, Exotic breeds and cross breeds.

Q.17Name three high yielding breeds of cow.2

Ans.Red sindhi, Sahiwal and Gir.

Q.18State any two advantage of mixed cropping?2

Ans.(i) The risk of total crop failure due to uncertain mansoon is reduced.

(ii) Due to complementary effect of component crops, yield of both crops is

increased.

Q.19List three common objectives of crop improvement?3

Ans.(i) Improved yield and better quality.

(ii) Development of resistance in crop plants.

(iii) Development of early maturity in crop so can they give yield in one year.

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Q.20What do you understand by green manuring? Give example of crops.3

Ans. It is practice of cultivation of quick growing crop and its ploughing into soil to improve
the physical nature and fertility of soil. It provides organic matter and additional
nitrogen to the soil.

The examples are: Sunhemp, Lentil, Cowpea, Dhaincha and gaur.

Q.21 Which criteria take into mind for selecting the crop for mixed cropping?3

Ans.(i) Availability of water.

(ii) Nutrient status of soil.

(iii) Duration of crop.

(iv) Marketing and processing facilities.

(v) Availability of fertilizers, manpower and machine power.

Q.22What are the functions of organic matter present in manure in soil?3

Ans.(i) It helps in the improvement of the soil.

(ii) Increases the water holding capacity of the soil.

(iii) Improves drainage and avoid water logging in clayey soil.

Q.23Write the ways in which insect pests attack the plants.3

Ans.The insect pests attack the plants in three ways:

(i) They cut the root, stem and leaves.

(ii) They suck the cell sap from various parts of the plant.

(iii) They bore into stem and fruits.

Q.24 What are those qualities which taken into consideration during poultry
farming?3

Ans.(i) Number and quality of chicks.

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(ii) Dwarf boiler parent for commercial chick production.

(iii) Summer adaption capacity/ tolerance to high temperature.

(iv) Low maintenance requirement.

(v) Reduction in the size of the egg-laying bird with ability to utilize more fibrous
cheaper diets formulated using agricultural by-products.

Q.25 What do you mean by plant breeding? Write the process and importance.3

Ans. It is the science as well as art of improving genetic make up of the plant in relation
to their economic use. It is usually done by hybridization. By using this method, a
number of improved varieties of plants have been developed.

Q.26 Write about composite fish culture system.5

Ans. In this system both local and imported species are used. In such a system, a
combination of five or six fish species is used in a single fishpond. These species are
selected so that they do not compete for food among them having different types of
food habits. As a result, the food available in all the parts of the pond is used. As
Catlas are surface feeders, Rohus feed in the middle-zone of the pond, Mrigals and
Common Carps are bottom feeders, and Grass Carps feed on the weeds, together
these species (Fig. 15.6) can use all the food in the pond without competing with
each other. This increases the fish yield from the pond.

Q.27 What are the food requirements of dairy animals?5

Ans. The food requirements of dairy animals are of two types: (a) maintenance
requirement, which is the food required to support the animal to live a healthy life,
and (b) milk producing requirement, which is the type of food required during the
lactation period. Animal feed includes: (a) roughage, which is largely fibre, and (b)
concentrates, which are low in fibre and contain relatively high levels of proteins and
other nutrients. Cattle need balanced rations containing all nutrients in proportionate
amounts. Besides such nutritious food material, certain feed additives containing
micronutrients promote the health and milk output of dairy animals.

Q.29 Which type of irrigation systems is adopted to supply water to agricultural

lands?5

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Ans. Several different kinds of irrigation systems are adopted to supply water to
agricultural lands depending on the kinds of water resources available. These include
wells, canals, rivers and tanks.

(I) Wells: There are two types of wells, namely dug wells and tube wells. In a dug
well, water is collected from water bearing strata. Tube wells can tap water from the
deeper strata. From these wells, water is lifted by pumps for irrigation.

(II) Canals: This is usually an elaborate and extensive irrigation system. In this
system canals receive water from one or more reservoirs or from rivers. The main
canal is divided into branch canals having further distributaries to irrigate fields.

(III) River Lift Systems: In areas where canal flow is insufficient or irregular due to
inadequate reservoir release, the lift system is more rational. Water is directly drawn
from the rivers for supplementing irrigation in areas close to rivers.

(IV)Tanks: These are small storage reservoirs, which intercept and store the run-off
of smaller catchment areas.