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51 Mental Formations

Bng ghi lai 51 tm-s-hu php (tm s)

()

Vit
(
)

Sanskrit
()

5 tm s
binhnh :

sarvatraga

5 Universals

Xc
Tc
Th

sparsa
manaskara
vedana

contact
attention
feeling

Tng

samja

perception

cetana

volition

5 tm s
bitcnh :
Dc
Thng
gii

viniyata

5 Particulars

()

chanda

intention

adhimoksa

determination

Nim

smrti

mindfulness

nh

samadhi

concentration

Tu

praja (mati)

insight

()

11 tm
s thin :

kusala

11 Wholesome

11

Tn
Tm

sraddha
hri

Qu

apatrapya

V tham

alobha

faith
inner shame
shame before
others
absence of
craving

V sn

advesa

absence of hatred

English ()

Pali
()

,
, (
)
,

V si

amoha

absence of
ignorance

Cn

virya

diligence, energy

Khinh an
Bt
phng
dt
Hnh x

prasrabdhi

Tranquility, ease

apramada

vigilance, energy

upeksa

equanimity

Bt hi

ahimsa

non harming

S ng
Lng
Mai
thm vo
V y

abhaya

V u

asoka

Kin

sthira

stability, solidity

maitri

loving kindness

Bi

karu

compassion

mudita

joy

Khim

sagauravat

humility

Lc
Thanh
lng

sukha

happiness

nirjvara

feverlessness

T ti

vasika

freedom/sovereig
nty

6 cnbnphinno :

klesa

6 Primary
Unwholesome

() 6

Tham

raga

Sn

pratigha

Si

mudha

craving,
covetousness
hatred
ignorance,
confusion

Mn

mana

arrogance

Wholesome M.F. (
added by Thy
)
non fear
absence of
anxiety

(
)

Sagaravata

Nghi
Kin

vicikitsa
drsi

doubt, suspicion
wrong view

20 typhinno
(c
chia lm
ba
phn) :

upaklesa

20 Secondary
Unwholesome

() 20

10 Minor
Secondary
Unwholesome

(-)

Tiu ty
(10) :
Phn

krodha

Hn

upanaha

Ph

mraksa

anger
resentment,
enmity
concealment

No

pradasa

maliciousness

Tt

irsya

Xan

matsarya

Cung

maya

Sim
Hi

sahya
vihisa

Kiu

mada

jealousy
selfishness,
parsimony
deceitfulness,
fraud
guile
desire to harm
mischievous
exhuberance

Trung
ty (2) :
V tm

ahri

V qu

anapatrapya

padasa

macchariya

matta

2 Middle
Secondary
Unwholesome

(-)

lack of inner
shame
lack of shame
before others

anottappa

(-)

Tro c

auddhatya

restlessness

Hn trm

styana

drowsiness

8 Greater
Secondary
Unwholesome

i ty
(8) :

ahirika

uddhacca
,

pacalyan,
niddlut

Bt tn

asraddhya

lack of faith,
unbelief

assaddhiya

Gii i

kausidya

laziness

Phng
dt
Tht
nim
Tn lon

pramada

negligence

musitasmrtita

forgetfulness

viksepa
asaprajanya

kosajja

pamatta

distraction

lack of
discernment

Unwholesome
M.F. added by
Thy

(
)

bhaya

fear

soka

anxiety

viada

despair

mutthasati

Bt
chnh tri
S ng
Lng
Mai
thm vo
nhng
phin
no :
S hi
Lo lng
(hi hp)

Tuyt
vng

4 tm s
btnh :

aniyata

4 Indeterminate

Hi

kaukrtya

regret, repentance

Min
Tm
T

middha
vitarka
vicara

sleepiness
initial thought
sustained thought

4
(
)