1. A MikroTik system administrator implemented OSPF Routing protocol in the network.

But realized that he

has a static route on the routers.

What can be done to make the static route work as a failover whenever the dynamic routing protocol fails.

A. He should manually disable the static routes and enable them whenever OSPF fails

B. Delete all static routes because there is no way for it to work with OSPF

C. He should increase the administrative distance of the static route

D. He should use "netwatch" to trigger static routes whenever OSPF fails

2. It is possible to manage a router by IPv4 address from the interface assigned to VRF

False

3. To accept label bindings only for network [Link]/24 from LDP neighbors,

A. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

B. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0

C. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0

D. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

4. BGP & Load Balance

ISP "A" has two different physical connections with its upstream provider, ISP "B". ISP "A" wants to load
balance its traffic using BGP and ECMP.
Mark all correct statements about some necessary settings to achieve this goal:

A. Multihop option should be configured on ISP "A".

B. ISP "A" should establish two eBGP peerings using, as remote peers, the IP addresses of ISP "B" physical
interfaces.

C. It's not possible to load balance using BGP and ECMP simultaneously. Some other method such as
interface bonding should be used instead.

D. Static routes should be created to guarantee the reachability between the IP addresses used for BGP
peerings.

E. ISP "A" should establish only one eBGP peering using, as remote peer, the IP address of ISP "B" loopback
interface.

5. Confederation AS should not include any other routers without any confederations configuration outside
of sub-autonomous system.

True

[Link] of the following ways can traffic be forwarded into TE tunnels

in RouterOS:

A. Traffic cannot be forwarded to TE tunnel

B. By setting the remote address of the VPLS pseudowire interface to the same as the TE tunnel remote
address

C. Using policy routing

7. There are two gateways to the Internet in a network on two separate routers. Both of them have OSPF
routing enabled and are redistributing

their default gateways to the network respectively. One does it as type 1, the other as type 2, cost
configuration is the same on both routers.

What will be preferred gateway in the network?

A. Traffic to Internet will be load-balanced between the two routes as routes from both routers will be
installed in routing tables

B. The route distributed as type 1 will be the preferred one

C. MikroTik RouterOS does not distinguish types when redistributing default route. RouterOS relies only on
cost, so route from the closest router in term of

cost will be chosen

D. The route distributed as type 2 will be the preferred one

8. In broadcast networks OSPF depends on the following to function correctly.

A. ICMP

B. Broadcast

C. Multicast

D. TCP

E. UDP

9. There are two routers running OSPF protocol. Two interfaces of both routers are configured to participate
in OSPF network. The adjacency of

this link cannot be established. Find the reason.

[admin@R1]>

Routing ospf interface print detail

interface=ether1 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none

authentication-key=\"aaaa\" authentication-key-id=1 network-type=broadcast

instance-id=0 retransmit-interval=5s transmit-delay=1s

hello-interval=10s dead-interval=40s use-bfd=no

[admin@R2]>

outing ospf interface print detail

interface=ether2 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none

authentication-key=\"\" authentication-key-id=1 network-type=broadcast

instance-id=0 retransmit-interval=5s transmit-delay=1s

hello-interval=10s dead-interval=30s use-bfd=no

A. None of above - the problem appears somewhere else

B. Authentication key mismatch - it should be the same on both routers

C. Dead-interval mismatch - it should be the same on both routers

D. Both interfaces should be ether1

10. How we can set a different distance to a BGP route in the routing table?

A. By setting up routing filters to change the distance

B. It's impossible to change the distance in a BGP route

C. By setting it manually in the routing table

11. Which attribute is considered first, when iBGP determines the best path ?

A. AS path length

B. Local Preference

C. Origin

D. Weight

12. Which of the following are Exterior Gateway Protocols?

A. BGP

B. RIP

C. OSPF

13. How does the iBGP router process the next-hop attribute ?

A. iBGP changes the next-hop to its own address

B. Next-Hop attribute can be configured administratively

C. iBGP leaves it unchanged

14. In RouterOS VRF tables are technically based on policy routing and:

A. Route lookup process is the same for both of them

B. None of the other statements are correct

C. It is possible to have policy routing within a VRF table

D. Policy routes resolve next-hops in their own route table by default, while routes in VRF tables always use
the main routing table

15. Bandwidth of a link participating in an RSVP TE network is set by the

administrator to a higher value than the maximum bandwidth configured

for the physical link.

Choose which one of the following is correct:

A. The link will not participate in an RSVP TE network

B. RouterOS does not allow an RSVP TE link value to be set higher than the real bandwidth value of the
physical link

C. Depending on the bandwidth reserved for tunnels, the link may participate in the RSVP TE network

16. Which of the following attributes are considered first, when eBGP determines the best path without in-
filter manipulations?

A. Local Preference

B. Origin

C. As path length

17. To support IP packets of 1500 bytes and 3 MPLS labels, the MPLS MTU should be at least:

A. 1506 Bytes.

B. 1512 Bytes.

C. 1516 Bytes.

D. None of the answers are correct

18. If you want to prepend many times your own AS, when announcing routes via EBGP, you have to create
a Routing Filter with the set-bgpprepend

attribute, and set it in the...

A. In Filter of peer definition.

B. Once the Routing Filter is created, it will act in any peer definition inside the router.

C. Out Filter of peer definition.

D. Both In Filter and Out Filter of peer definition.

19. What is a BGP route reflector used for?

A. reflects BGP routes to iBGP peers to avoid full mesh between iBGP routers

B. used to mirror configuration from one router to another

C. reflects incoming traffic coming from one interface to one or more other interfaces

20. The following command should be issued on the router to add MPLS on the interface ether1:
A. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether1

B. /interface add mpls interface=ether1

C. /interface add mpls enabled=yes name=ether1

D. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether3

21. Which attribute must be sent in the BGP update packet and must be recognized by all implementations
of BGP ?

A. optional transitive

B. well-known mandatory

C. well-known discretionary

D. optional non-transitive

22. VPLS can provide transparent Layer 2 connectivity across multiple layer 3 networks.

true

23. Select all that are correct statements about Traffic Engineering Tunnels

A. Traffic engineering needs RSVP protocol enabled on head end, tail end and forwarding routers

B. RSVP TE tunnels are bidirectional interfaces

C. auto-bandwidth-reserve parameter indicates the amount of traffic in bps committed to the tunnel

D. Auto bandwidth adjustment can be used in combination with bandwidth limit feature if bandwidth-limit
is set to more than 100%

24. Local Preference indicates the preferred path to exit AS.

true

25. In OSPF settings, the NBMA Neighbor setting can be used to improve the stability of OSPF across
wireless links.

True
 1. How does the iBGP router process the next-hop attribute?
a) Next-hop attribute can be configured administratively
b) iBGP leaves it unchanged
c) iBGP changes the next-hop to it’s own address
2. You are the network administrator in AS1. The R1 router connects your network to the Internet
via 1Gbps link to AS2 and 100Mbps link to AS3. You have established simple BGP sessions with
your
neighbouring AS-es (advertising your network prefix) and your connection to the internet is
working.
But you observed a problem: all traffic from the internet comes via the slower 100Mbps link
from
AS3. When the link failed last weekend, all traffic was coming from AS2, using the faster link,
and the
network performance was better!
Assuming, that you have already configured your router to use routing filter chains as2-out and
as3-
out for BGP advertisements to AS2 and AS3 and that the chains are empty, which of the
following
would make the traffic from the internet come via the faster link from AS2, but keeping the
redundancy (allowing it to switch to the backup link in case of failure)?
A. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,1,1
B. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3
C. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,2
D. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1
E. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3
F. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out
action=discard
3. In BGP, the default route is distributed to other routers by activating the following options
a) Multihop in the peer
b) Default Originate in the peer
c) Route reflect in the peer
4. Is it possible to forward Q-in-Q VLAN over VPLS tunnel without fragmenting packets?
A. No, packets will be fragmented
B. Yes, by increasing MPLS MTU (if interface allows that)
C. Yes, by reducing MTU of inner VLAN interface

5. Which type of ip route is the highest priority for routing decision?

a) Static route
b) Connected route
c) Dynamic route
6. What is route reflector used for?

a) used to monitor configuration from one router to router

b) reflects BGP routes to iBGP peers to avoid full mesh between iBGP routers

c) reflects incoming traffic coming from one interface to one or more other interface

7. What is the proper name in OSPF terminology for a router that redistributes routes from RIP to OSPF?

a) Autonomous system boundary router

b) Eternal router

C) Designated router

d) are border router

8. Which one of these are point to point address

a) address=[Link]/24 network=[Link]

b) address=[Link]/32 network=[Link]

c) address=[Link]/32 network=[Link]

d) address=[Link]/32 network=[Link]

9. What is Penultimate Hop Popping on the router?

A. Indicates that nexthop for traffic is not a MPLS

router

B. Indicates that VPLS tunnel can be set up between

MPLS routers that are multiple hops away

C. Ensures that router is not making unnecessary label

Lookups

10. Route Distinguisher is used in L3VPN to make IPv4 prefixes unique

true
11. There are two routers running OSPF protocol. Two interfaces of both routers are configured to
participate in OSPF network. The adjacency of this link cannot be established. Find the reason.
[admin@R1]>

outing ospf interface print detail interface=ether1 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none authentication-
key=\"aaaa\" authentication-key-id=1 network-type=broadcast instance-id=0 retransmit-interval=5s
transmit-delay=1s hello-interval=10s dead-interval=40s use-bfd=no

[admin@R2]> outing ospf interface print detail interface=ether2 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none
authentication-key=\"\" authentication-key-id=1 network-type=broadcast instance-id=0 retransmit-
interval=5s transmit-delay=

A. Dead-interval mismatch - it should be the same on both routers

B. Authentication key mismatch - it should be the same on both routers
C. None of above - the problem appears somewhere else
D. Both interfaces should be ether1

12. It is possible to manage a router by IPv4 address from the interface assigned to VRF

false

13. In RouterOS, VRF tables are technically based on policy routing

and
A. It is possible to have policy routing within a VRF table
B. none of the other statements are correct
C. Policy routes resolve next-hops in their own route table by default, while
routes in VRF tables always use the main routing table
D. Route lookup result is the same for both of them

14. Which attribute must be sent in the BGP update packet and must be recognized by all
implementations of BGP ?
A. well-known mandatory
B. well-known discretionary
C. optional non-transitive
D. optional transitive

15. Which attribute must be sent in the BGP update packet and must be recognized by all implementation
of BGP?
a. Optical transitive
b. well-known discretionary
c. well-known mandatory
d. Optional non-transitive

16. BGP path prepending is possible on MikroTik router only by using routing filter
True

17. DO iBGP routers exchange weight attribute?

False

18. VPLS can provide transparent layer 2 connectivity across multiple layer 3 networks
Ture

19. The attribute Next-hop is changed by default iBGP

False
20. Which of the following attributes are considered first, when eBGP determines the best path without in-
filter manipulations?
a) Local preference
b) Origin
c) As path length

21. You are planning the setup of a MPLS network. Is it possible to have several Layer 2 tunnels created
automatically over MPLS cloud?
True

22. BGP & Load Balance ISP "A" has two different physical connections with its upstream provider,
ISP "B". ISP "A" wants to load balance its traffic using BGP and ECMP. Mark all correct statements
about some necessary settings to achieve this goal:
A. ISP "A" should establish only one eBGP peering using, as remote peer, the IP address of ISP "B" loopback
interface.
B. Static routes should be created to guarantee the reachability between the IP addresses used for BGP peerings.
C. Multihop option should be configured on ISP "A".
D. ISP "A" should establish two eBGP peerings using, as remote peers, the IP addresses of ISP "B" physical
interfaces.
E. It's not possible to load balance using BGP and ECMP simultaneously. Some other method such as interface
bonding should be used instead.

23. Is it possible to hide topology of MPLS cloud from

traceroutes?
A. It depends on how many VPLS tunnels there are in the network
B. Yes, by turning off ttl preserve option
C. No

24. iBGP is used between RRs routers. The next-hop is passed as it is

True
25. To support IP packets of 1500 bytes and 3 MPLS labels, the MPLS MTU should be at
least:
A. 1506 Bytes.
B. 1516 Bytes.
C. None of the answers are correct
D. 1512 Bytes.
1. In an OSPF based network, you w sh to force one part cu ar router to a ways be the Des gnated
Router. You shou d set the pr or ty va ue of that router to:

A. 255

B. 0

C. 1

2. What s the defau t d stance for BGP routes?

A. 100

B. 1

C. 30

D. 200

3. A M kroT k system adm n strator mp emented OSPF Rout ng protoco n the network. But rea zed
that he has a stat c route on the routers. What can be done to make the stat c route work as a
fa over whenever the dynam c rout ng protoco fa s.

A. He should use "netwatch" to trigger static routes

whenever OSPF fails

B. He should manually disable the static routes and

enable them whenever OSPF fails

C. He should increase the administrative distance of

the static route

D. Delete all static routes because there is no way for it

to work with OSPF

4. What s the max mum number of MPLS type abe s that a packet can have?

A. Only one MPLS label

B. More than 4

C. Not more than 3 (MPLS, VPLS label and CV label)

5. Please refer to the two router configurations in the diagram and assume that routers can already
ping each other. Will routers establish BGP peering?

A. No, because of firewall filter configuration

B. No, because of BGP instance configuration

C. Yes, BGP peering will be established

D. No, because of BGP peer configuration

6. In an RSVP TE network, a head-end router can calculate the path to a

tail-end router using:

A. All the Answers are correct

B. Information about the available bandwidth of the

links from the IGP

C. Properties of the links

D. Information about the TE network state

7. BGP & Load Balance

ISP "A" has two different physical connections with its upstream provider, ISP "B". ISP "A" wants to
load balance its traffic using BGP and ECMP.

Mark all correct statements about some necessary settings to achieve this goal:

A. ISP "A" should establish only one eBGP peering

using, as remote peer, the IP address of ISP "B" loopback
interface.

B. Static routes should be created to guarantee the

reachability between the IP addresses used for BGP
peerings.

C. Multihop option should be configured on ISP "A".

D. ISP "A" should establish two eBGP peerings using,

as remote peers, the IP addresses of ISP "B" physical
interfaces.

E. It's not possible to load balance using BGP and

ECMP simultaneously. Some other method such as
interface bonding should be used instead.

8. You are the network administrator in AS1. The R1 router connects your network to the Internet via
1Gbps link to AS2 and 100Mbps link to AS3. You have established simple BGP sessions with your
neighbouring AS-es (advertising your network prefix) and your connection to the internet is working.
But you observed a problem: all traffic from the internet comes via the slower 100Mbps link from
AS3. When the link failed last weekend, all traffic was coming from AS2, using the faster link, and the
network performance was better!

Assuming, that you have already configured your router to use routing filter chains as2-out and as3-
out for BGP advertisements to AS2 and AS3 and that the chains are empty, which of the following
would make the traffic from the internet come via the faster link from AS2, but keeping the
redundancy (allowing it to switch to the backup link in case of failure)?

A. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out

action=discard

B. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3

C. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1

D. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3

E. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,2

F. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,1,1

9. Is it possible to hide topology of MPLS cloud from traceroutes?

A. It depends on how many VPLS tunnels there are in

the network

B. Yes, by turning off ttl preserve option

C. No

10. Which of the following attributes are considered first, when eBGP determines the best path
without in-filter manipulations?

A. As path length

B. Local Preference

C. Origin

11. Is the BGP propagating only the best path to reach the destination?
TRUE

12. You want to add MPLS on interface ether1. What command should you use on the router ?

A. /inteface add mpls interface=ether1

B. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether1

C. /intefface add mpls enabled=yes name=ether1

D. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether3

13. What is Penultimate Hop Popping on the router?

A. Indicates that nexthop for traffic is not a MPLS

router

B. Indicates that VPLS tunnel can be set up between

MPLS routers that are multiple hops away

C. Ensures that router is not making unnecessary label

lookups
14. Which attribute is considered first, when iBGP determines the best path ?

A. AS path length

B. Local Preference

C. Weight

D. Origin

15. In an MPLS cloud, what routers forward packets by Label only ?

A. PE

B. BGP

C. CE

D. C

E. GE

F. P

16. Which protocol and port is used for BGP transport?

A. UDP/53

B. TCP/179

C. UDP/646

D. TCP/646

17. In RouterOS, VRF tables are technically based on policy routing and

A. It is possible to have policy routing within a VRF

table

B. none of the other statements are correct

C. Policy routes resolve next-hops in their own route

table by default, while routes in VRF tables always use the
main routing table

D. Route lookup result is the same for both of them

18. It is possible to manage a router from the interface assigned to VRF.

False

19. BGP path prepending is possible on MikroTik router only by using routing filter.
True

20. Which algorithm does BGP use?

A. Path Vector

B. Shortest Path

21. Which routing table is used to apply recursive routing at MikroTik RouterOS
 A. It is only possible on the x86 platform

B. It is possible in all the routing tables installed in a

router

C. It is only possible in the main routing table

D. It is not possible

22. To support IP packets of 1500 bytes and 3 MPLS abe s, the MPLS MTU shou d be at east:

A. 1506 Bytes.

B. 1516 Bytes.

C. None of the answers are correct

D. 1512 Bytes.

23. Look at the p cture.

Mark correct answer packet w use from router A to router F:

A. A-C-F

B. A-B-F

C. A-C-D-E-F

D. A-C-B-F

E. A-D-E-F

F. A-B-C-D-E-F

G. A-B-C-E-F

24. Loca preference attr bute s affect ng best path e ect on

A. on both eBGP and iBGP

B. on iBGP routers

C. on eBGP routers

25. If one of two gateways s unreachab e n an ECMP route w th check gateway set, 50% of packets
w be ost .
False
1. Local preference attribute is affecting best path election

A. on iBGP routers
B. on both eBGP and iBGP
C. on eBGP routers

2. BGP & Load Balance

ISP "A" has two different physical connections with its upstream provider, ISP "B". ISP "A" wants to
load balance its traffic using BGP and ECMP.

Mark all correct statements about some necessary settings to achieve this goal:

A. Multihop option should be configured on ISP "A".

B. It's not possible to load balance using BGP and
ECMP simultaneously. Some other method such as
interface bonding should be used instead.
C. Static routes should be created to guarantee the
reachability between the IP addresses used for BGP
peerings.
D. ISP "A" should establish two eBGP peerings using,
as remote peers, the IP addresses of ISP "B" physical
interfaces.
E. ISP "A" should establish only one eBGP peering
using, as remote peer, the IP address of ISP "B" loopback
interface.

3. In an MPLS network a VPLS tunnel is established between two routers that are not directly
connected. Assuming that the default VPLS MTU and the default MPLS MTU is used, select valid
L2MTU values (along the LSP) for VPLS tunnel to work properly:

A. 8000 bytes
B. 1512 bytes
C. 1500 bytes
D. 1800 bytes

4. How many different traffic classes can be carried in an MPLS label?

A. 254
B. 7
C. 256
D. 8

5. The following command should be issued on the router to add MPLS on the interface ether1:

A. /interface add mpls interface=ether1

B. /interface add mpls enabled=yes name=ether1
C. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether1
D. /mpls ldp interface add interface=ether3

6. Which of the following attributes are considered first, when eBGP determines the best path without
in-filter manipulations?
 A. As path length
B. Origin
C. Local Preference

7. Check the correct statements about MPLS

A. MPLS labels are placed before Layer 2 headers

B. The MPLS label field has 32 bits
C. An MPLS packet can have more than one label
D. Using MPLS TE, traffic can be forwarded based on
source address

8. To filter out all networks except [Link]/24 in MPLS accept filter. Select rules that could be used,

A. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24
add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0
B. /mpls ldp accept-filter
add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0
add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

C. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0
add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24

D. /mpls ldp accept-filter

add accept=no disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/24
add accept=yes disabled=no neighbor=all prefix=[Link]/0

9. If destination can not be resolved in VRF,

A. the packet is dropped.

B. the router will try to resolve destination in main
routing table.

10. Local Preference indicates the preferred path to exit AS.

True

11. Route with lower distance will be preferred over the the route with higher distance even if the
gateway is unreachable
False

12. What is a BGP route reflector used for?

A. used to mirror configuration from one router to

another
B. reflects incoming traffic coming from one interface to
one or more other interfaces
C. reflects BGP routes to iBGP peers to avoid full mesh
between iBGP routers

13. What is the default cost for a gigabit ethernet link in an OSPF network?
 A. 1
B. 100
C. 1000
D. 10

14. In the main routing table we can install a route that has a gateway in a different routing table:

A. If we specify the VRF table in the gateway field when

we add the route
B. None of the mentioned
C. If we specify the VRF table and interface which
belongs to the VRF instance in the gateway field when we
add the route
D. If in the gateway filed, we specify the IP gateway and
the interface which belongs to a VRF instance

15. You are the network administrator in AS1. The R1 router connects your network to the Internet
via 1Gbps link to AS2 and 100Mbps link to AS3. You have established simple BGP sessions with your
neighbouring AS-es (advertising your network prefix) and your connection to the internet is working.
But you observed a problem: all traffic from the internet comes via the slower 100Mbps link from
AS3. When the link failed last weekend, all traffic was coming from AS2, using the faster link, and the
network performance was better!

Assuming, that you have already configured your router to use routing filter chains as2-out and as3-
out for BGP advertisements to AS2 and AS3 and that the chains are empty, which of the following
would make the traffic from the internet come via the faster link from AS2, but keeping the
redundancy (allowing it to switch to the backup link in case of failure)?

A. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out

action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,1,1
B. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3
C. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1,2
D. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as2-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=1
E. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out
action=accept set-bgp-prepend=3
F. [admin@R1] /routing filter> add chain=as3-out
action=discard

16. Do iBGP routers exchange weight attribute ?

False

17. In OSPF protocol, which one of these router types

are responsible for route distribution between different Autonomous systems?

A. ABR
B. AS
C. IR
D. ASBR
18. Is it possible to forward Q-in-Q VLAN over VPLS tunnel without fragmenting packets?

A. No, packets will be fragmented

B. Yes, by increasing MPLS MTU (if interface allows
that)
C. Yes, by reducing MTU of inner VLAN interface

19. A Passive BGP peer means that it will only accept routes information, but it will not send it.

False
20. A MikroTik system administrator implemented OSPF Routing protocol in the network. But realized
that he has a static route on the routers. What can be done to make the static route work as a
failover whenever the dynamic routing protocol fails.

A. He should increase the administrative distance of the

static route
B. He should manually disable the static routes and
enable them whenever OSPF fails
C. Delete all static routes because there is no way for it
to work with OSPF
D. He should use "netwatch" to trigger static routes
whenever OSPF fails

21. Please refer to the two router configurations in the diagram and assume that routers can already
ping each other. Will routers establish BGP peering?

A. No, because of firewall filter configuration

B. No, because of BGP peer configuration
C. Yes, BGP peering will be established
D. No, because of BGP instance configuration

22. Which attribute must be sent in the BGP update packet and must be recognized by all
implementations of BGP ?

A. well-known mandatory
B. well-known discretionary
C. optional non-transitive
D. optional transitive

23. There are two routers running OSPF protocol. Two interfaces of both routers are configured to
participate in OSPF network. The adjacency of this link cannot be established. Find the reason.

[admin@R1]>
outing ospf interface print detail
interface=ether1 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none
authentication-key=\"aaaa\" authentication-key-id=1 network-
type=broadcast instance-id=0 retransmit-interval=5s transmit-delay=1s
hello-interval=10s dead-interval=40s use-bfd=no

[admin@R2]>
outing ospf interface print detail
interface=ether2 cost=10 priority=1 authentication=none
authentication-key=\"\" authentication-key-id=1 network-
type=broadcast instance-id=0 retransmit-interval=5s transmit-
delay=1s
hello-interval=10s dead-interval=30s use-bfd=no

A. Dead-interval mismatch - it should be the

same on both routers
B. Authentication key mismatch - it should be
the same on both routers
C. None of above - the problem appears
somewhere else
D. Both interfaces should be ether1

24. You are planning the setup of a MPLS network.

Is it possible to have several Layer 2 tunnels created automatically over MPLS cloud?

True

25. Which statements about iBGP are true?

A. requires multihop option enabled if peers

are not directly connected
B. AS path is not manipulated
C. nexthop is changed by default
D. requires full mesh between peers