MV Switchgear
By Shahriyar Kabir, AE (Electrical),
DMTCL
MVLV Switchgear Panel
Switchgear Panel is composed of circuit breakers or disconnector switches used to
control, protect and isolate electrical equipment.
• Switchgear Panels will be installed at Depot ASS/TSS room, workshop & depot
buildings
• Switchgear Panels are suitable for 415V , 3 phase, 4wire system
• Switchgear Major Components
• Enclosure
• Circuit Breakers
• Air Circuit Breaker (ACB) –from 1000A to 10000A
• Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)- up to 1000 A
• Miniature Circuit breaker (MCB) – up to 100 A
• Busbar
• CT & PT
• Meters
• Capacitor
• Motor starters
• Relay
• Control Cables
• BMS interface device
etc 2
Contract Specifications:
Switchgear Panel features
Switchgear Panel features
• All equipment, components and entire work shall be carried
out relevant IEC standard (IEC-60947 & IEC-61439)
• Type test certificate from a reputed independent laboratory
according to IEC-61439
• All adjoining units, doors and covers shall be fully Neoprene
gasket. Enclosure protection shall be
a. Installation at building: IP 54
b. Installation at Underground room: IP 67
• Each Circuit Breaker shall be in separate compartment
enclosed on all sides. 4b segregation
• Easy cable access
• BMS (civil scope) & SCADA (CP-07 scope) connectivity
• All doors need to lock properly to ensure IP rating
• Interlocking between MDB,EPP and DG AMF
• 20% spare is required for future expansion
3
Name of Panels
Required for Chief Electrical Inspector (CEI) and ASS/TSS power turn on:
1. Main Distribution Board (MDB)
2. Emergency Power Panel (EPP)
3. Automatic Power Factor Correction Panel (APFC)
4. Air conditioning Power Panel (ACPP)
Required for CP-07 Interface:
1. Escalator Power Panel (ESPP)
2. Emergency Air conditioning Distribution Board (EACDB)
Other necessary panels:
1. Main Lighting Panel (MLP)
2. Emergency Main Lighting Panel (EMLP) –connected with UPS
3. Diesel Generator Auto Mains Failure Panel (DG AMF)
4. Fire Pump Panel (FPP)
5. Water Pump Panel (WPP)
Not so necessary panels:
1. Retail & Advertisement Panel (RAP)
2. Retail & Advertisement Distribution Board (RADB)
3. Air Conditioning Distribution Board (ACDB)
MDB
EPP
APFC
ACPP
ESPP
MLP
EMLP
Production Facility
12
Factory Acceptance Test
• Visual Inspection
1. Bill of material check (name of equipment, model number, country of origin, shipping
document, drawings)
2. Cable access availability from the top
3. Busbar dimension, purity, coating, clearance distance, creepage distance
4. 4b segregation
5. Door locking device
6. Panel, feeder nameplate
7. Earth link
8. Check for missing components
9. Fire suppression system route checking
10. Rust check etc.
Factory Acceptance Test
• Dielectric test
• Insulation test
• Functionality test
1. Interlock sequence test
2. Breaker trip unit test
3. Meter functionality test by secondary current injection
4. Control functionality test as per approved control drawing
5. BMS and SCADA connectivity test
FAT comments
• All components need to match as per approved material list
• DG AMF required Auto/Manual mode and interlocking with EPP as per
contract specification
• Cable access checking is mandatory
• Nameplate was mismatched
• Breaker was mismatched
• Earth link not found
• Busbar need additional spreader link
• Torque wrench etc special tools need to be provided
• BMS, Trip unit check , event logging software (by ABB) need to provide
FAT Committee
Inspection of Components
Air circuit breaker
It is suitable for operating from 1000A to 10000A
Air circuit breaker has following protection features
• Overcurrent with time setting
• Overload neutral time setting
• Selective short time setting for short circuit
• Instantaneous short circuit
• Earth Fault with adjustable relay
• Under Voltage
• Over Voltage
• Residual Voltage
• Reverse Power
• Over/Under Frequency
• Current Unbalance
PMK industries showed us ABB SACE Emax2 model
which have all protection features mentioned above 17
Protection trip unit
ABB Emax2 will provide LSIG protection.
L-Long time protection with time setting. It will protect against overload.
S- Short time delay protection with time setting. It protect against short circuit
I-Instantaneous protection. It protect against higher short circuit current. Trip instantaneously.
G-Ground fault protection
LSIG protection curve is described below:
• X axis how many times of
nominal current (In)
• Y axis tripping time (t)
18
Inspection of Components
Air Circuit Breaker Trip Unit
Ekip Hi-Touch: the multifunction trip unit
• Most advanced microprocessor based electronic trip unit offered by ABB
• Touch screen
• Voltage, Power, Energy measurement & protection
• Protection Setting: Both LSI, LSIG
• MODBUS connectivity. Can send data to BMS/SCADA
▪ It will backup power connection from UPS. So, In case of power outage, it will not
turn off
• Its characteristic can be tested by computer software
| Slide 19
Inspection of Components
Molded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)
It will have following protection features:
• Overcurrent with time setting
• Short circuit Delay Protection against short circuit with
time setting
• Instantaneous short circuit
• Earth fault with adjustable relay
PMK industries showed us ABB Tmax which have
protection features as mentioned above.
Its trip unit is PR222DS-P. It provide LSIG/LSI protection.
Setting can be done with small DIP switch.
20
Inspection of Components
Busbar
Maximum rated busbar will carry 2000A
In the factory we have seen their copper bus bar.
It should be electrolytic tinned copper according
to contract specification. Copper has corrosion
property. So, it is suggested to make
electroplating on the copper.
Busbar cross sectional area will be determined
from IEC 61439 standard
21
Inspection of Components
Control modules
Thank You
Questions & Answer
23
Type Tested Certificates
• Type test certificates from a reputed independent laboratory according to
IEC-60439 is required. Manufacturer will furnish type test certificates for
switch board/lighting panel and its components including ACB, MCCB,
MCB etc. These shall include following but not limited to:
a) Temperature rise of busbars and components
b) Dielectric strength of electrical parts
c) Short Circuit capacity of busbars and components
d) Continuity of protective circuits
e) Degree of protection and protective measures against direct and indirect
contact
24
Type Tested
Certificates
25
Ingress Protection (IP)
rating
• IP rating or Ingress Protection rating classifies and
rates the degree of protection provided by mechanical
casings and electrical enclosures against intrusion of
dust/accidental contact and water.
• First digit indicates level of protection of enclosure
against solid object. The second digit indicates the
level of protection that the enclosure provides against
harmful ingress of water
• IP 54 means : (1) Dust protected, Limited ingress of
dust permitted (2) Protected against water splashed
from all dimensions. Limited ingress permitted
• IP 65 means: (1) Dust tight, no ingress of dust. Test
duration of up to 8 hours based on airflow. (2)
Protected against jet of water. Limited ingress
permitted
26
