OFFSHORE RIG SYSTEM Raka S.W., M.T.
OFFSHORE RIG LAYOUT Raka
Mud Pump Room
Cement Unit Room
Mess
Mud Tanks
Drillfloor
Haliburton Off Shore Oil Rig- Cementing Opperation Advantage Skids
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=Up2JkXoMcIc
RIG POSITION PLAN
• RTE-MSL Plan : ~42 m
• RTE-TOP Deck : 22.5 m
• Air Gap above MSL : ~20 m
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DRILLING RIG SYSTEMS Raka, S.W., M.T.
DRILLING SYSTEMS
• POWER SYSTEM
• HOISTING SYSTEM
• CIRCULATING SYSTEM
• ROTARY SYSTEM
• WELL-CONTROL SYSTEM
• WELL-MONITORING SYSTEM
POWER SYSTEM
POWER SYSTEM
The electrical power generators are driven by diesel
powered internal combustion engines (prime movers).
Electricity is then supplied to electric motors connected to
the drawworks, rotary table and mud pumps
The rig may have, depending on its size and capacity, up
to 4 prime movers, delivering more than 3000 horsepower.
Horsepower (hp) is an old, but still widely used, unit of
power in the drilling industry.
HOISTING SYSTEM
HOISTING SYSTEM
OFFSHORE RIG ONSHORE RIG
Drill Line: Its The crown block is
primary purpose is an assembly of
to hoist or lower
HOISTING
sheaves mounted on
drill pipe or casing beams at the top of
from or into a the derrick
SYSTEM well. Also, a wire
rope used to
support the
or mast.
drilling tools.
Traveling Block
The hoisting system is a An arrangement
large pulley system which is of pulleys or
used to lower and raise sheaves through
which drilling
equipment into and out of cable is reeved,
the well. which moves up
or down in the
In particular, the hoisting derrick or mast.
system is used to raise and
lower the drillstring and
casing into and out of the
well. Drawwork is essentially a large winch that
spools off or takes in the drilling line and thus
raises or lowers the drill stem and bit.
Drill Bit
HOISTING SYSTEM
Drawworks
Slips: Hold the pipe during connection
Rig Hoisting Systems - Oil and Gas Drilling: From
Planning to Production
HOISTING
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLCn6dxurBA
Function of Hoisting Equipment
SYSTEM - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-urT97J2fk
VIDEO Hoisting equipment. Part II
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAP9od9f-1Q
ROTATING SYSTEM
ROTARY SYSTEM
The rotary system is used to
rotate the drillstring, and
therefore the drillbit, on the
bottom of the borehole.
The rotary system includes all
the equipment used to achieve
bit rotation
Rotaty system types:
1. Kelly Bushing
2. Top Drive
Kelly Bushing
https://www.youtube.com/ Rotary Bushing
watch?v=jNHgiNXnFNM Rotary Table
Kelly BushingKelly Bushing Top Drive
ROTARY SYSTEM
Kelly Bushing System
The rotation of rotary table
rotates the Kelly bushing
system, and also rotates the
drillstring.
Kelly Rotary
Kelly Bushing Rotary Bushing Bushing
Rotary Bushing Table
Rotary Table
ROTARY SYSTEM
Top Drive System
The top drive rotates the drill
string end bit without the use of
a kelly and rotary table. The top
drive is operated from a control
console on the rig floor.
Advantages of Top drive
1. rotates faster
2. Can rotate more than 1
joint of pipe
CIRCULATING SYSTEM
CIRCULATING SYSTEM
OFFSHORE RIG ONSHORE RIG
• Mud Tank
Swivel
• Mud Pump
CIRCULATING • Discharge line
SYSTEM • Standpipe Standpipe Rotary
Hose
• Rotary hose
• Swivel Kelly
• Kelly
• Drillpipe
The circulation system is used
• Bit
for:
• Annulus Drillpipe
Circulating drilling fluid • Flow Line
descends through the drillstring • Shale Shaker Flowline
and ascends the annulus,
carrying the piece drilled from Annulus
the bit surface to the surface.
Shale Shaker
CIRCULATING SYSTEM
3D Drilling Animation - Mud Pumps Circulating Fluid
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KovWXkppGOQ
CIRCULATING Mud Circulating System 3-1
SYSTEM - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RB-KDTbmwU
VIDEO Oil & Gas Mud Pump Components
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nk-YugJsEho
RISER
RISER
A riser is a unique common element to many
floating offshore structures.
Risers connect the floating drilling/production
facility with subsea wells and are critical to
safe field operations.
Riser’s functions:
1. used to contain fluids for well control
(drilling risers)
2. to convey hydrocarbons from the seabed
to the platform (production risers).
During use in a floating drilling operation,
drilling risers are the conduits for operations
from the mobile offshore drilling unit (MODU).
DRILLING RISER
A drilling riser is a conduit that
provides a temporary extension of a
subsea oil well to a surface drilling
facility.
Drilling risers are categorised into two
types
1. Marine drilling riser: used by a
floating vessel when the blowout
preventer (BOP) is placed at the
sea bottom
2. Tie-back drilling riser: used with
bottom supported units like jack-up
platforms or compliant types like
TLPs when the BOP is placed at
the platform deck.
Tie-back drilling riser Marine drilling riser
TIEBACK RISER
A tie-back riser can be either a single large diameter high
pressure pipe, or a set of concentric pipes extending the casing
strings in the well up to a surface BOP.
Because the BOP is at the surface, the tie-back riser must
contain full well pressure.
Drilling with a surface BOP and high-pressure tie-back
riser is a reversal of the standard techniques used in
drilling from a floating drilling vessel.
With this arrangement, a smaller, less complex BOP at
the surface can be maintained and operated more easily.
The high-pressure drilling riser assembly is essentially an
extension of the BOP, designed to withstand the maximum
pressure and stresses anticipated during drilling of the well
under all weather conditions.
The tie-back riser assembly consists of:
1. the lower riser package,
2. the intermediate drilling riser joints and
3. the top section.
TIEBACK RISER
Annulus
Drillstring Open
hole/casing
Surface Annulus
Riser
Flow: The drilling fluid drill string the
annulus (the drill string-Open hole/Casing) up
to the subsea wellhead the annulus (the
drill string and the riser) up to the top surface.
When the targeted depth is reached, the well
is tested and capped at the bottom and the
rig moves out to another drilling site.
So, the riser string gets detached and reused
at the new site.
After the rig has moved out, these capped
wells are connected to a protector platform
by tie-backing them using tie-back strings. The ‘tieback riser’ runs from the drilling deck
to the wellhead at the sea bottom
MARINE RISER
The main purposes of using a marine riser are to
provide a return flow path between the wellbore
and the drilling vessel and to guide the drill string
or casing to the BOP stack on the ocean floor.
Components of a riser system must be strong
enough to withstand high tension and bending
moments, and have enough flexibility to resist
fatigue, yet be as light as practicable to minimise
tensioning and flotation requirements.
These considerations should be given to all
components when selecting a riser system.
MARINE RISER
The components of a marine riser system
(Figure 4.46) from bottom to top are:
1. Hydraulic connector,
2. Lower flexible joint (ball joint),
3. Flexible piping for choke and kill lines,
4. Riser pipe and connectors,
5. Choke and kill lines and connections,
telescopic (slip) joint,
6. Diverter system or bell nipple and
riser tensioning equipment.
DRILLING RISER
Introducing our subsea HP drilling riser system and AQC connector range
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o0AnzOrQvfM
MERLIN HP Riser System
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HI6UVUyeBQI
Subsea Wellhead Reconnect
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U52kk1AErpI
Subsea Well Access
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYNDyL_2-X4
WELL CONTROL SYSTEM
WELL CONTROL SYSTEM
OFFSHORE RIG ONSHORE/OFFSHORE RIG
WELL CONTROL
SYSTEM
Annular Preventer
The well control system is designed to:
Ram Preventer
1. Detect a kick
2. Close-in the well at surface
3. Remove the formation fluid which
has flowed into the well
4. Make the well safe
WELL Choke Control Panel: to open/close
CONTROL
choke from drillfloor
Mud Gas Separator A device
SYSTEM
that removes gas from the mud
coming out of a
well when a kick is being
circulated out.
Kill Line: to pump kill mud (heavier
drilling mud)
BOP Stack is placed above the wellhead. BOP function: To
shut in the well when kick is occured
Accumulator provides sufficient energy to operate BOP (close/open all parts of
the BOP-stack) without having to recharge the accumulator.
WELL CONTROL
SYSTEM
Blowout Preventer BOP Stack
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=0bWON356doI
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=ZHwAxhOqMkQ
BOP SYSTEM – BOP STACK
ANNULAR PREVENTER
•Function: This component uses a rubber sealing
element that can close around the drill pipe,
casing, or even an open hole. It provides a seal
to prevent the escape of fluids.
•Usage: It is versatile and can seal around various
shapes and sizes of equipment passing through
the wellbore.
RAM PREVENTER
Function: Ram preventers use steel rams to seal
the wellbore.
Usage: They provide a robust seal and are used
in various emergency scenarios.
BOP STACK-
RAMS
•Pipe Rams: Close
around the drill pipe.
•Blind Rams: Seal the
wellbore when no pipe
is present.
•Shear Rams: Cut
through the drill pipe
and seal the wellbore.
BOP SYSTEM - ACCUMULATOR
Function: Stores hydraulic fluid under pressure to
ensure the BOP can be activated even if the primary
power source fails.
Usage: Provides a backup power source for operating
the BOP
BOP SYSTEM – CHOKE MANIFOLD
Function: These lines are used to circulate
drilling fluid into and out of the wellbore to
control pressure.
Usage: They help manage well pressure and
prevent blowouts by allowing controlled release
or addition of fluids.
SUBSEA BLOWOUT
PREVENTER (BOP)
These major components are:
(1) Hydraulic Wellhead connectors;
(2) Ram Type BOPs;
(3) Annular Type BOPs;
(4) Hydraulic Or Electrohydraulic Control system for
actuation of all the components on the BOP stack;
(5) A Four-post Guide Frame used to guide the BOP
stack down the guidelines to the wellhead landing
base and line up the BOP stack with the wellhead for
proper seating.
SUBSEA BLOWOUT
PREVENTER (BOP)
Hydraulic Control Manifold
Subsea BOP
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=eOK9J0wETYo
Deepwater Horizon Blowout
Animation
https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=9NQ8LehUWSE
COMPARISON
Feature Subsea BOP System Dry (Surface) BOP System
Installed on the seabed, directly Installed on the drilling rig,
Location on the wellhead above the water surface
Connected to the rig via a Connected to the wellhead via
Connection marine riser a surface riser
Used in deepwater and ultra-
deepwater drilling (hundreds to
thousands of meters deep).
Examples: floating drilling units
Depth like semisubmersibles or
Suitability drillships. Used in shallow water drilling
Maintenance More challenging, requires ROVs Easier, direct access for
and Access or specialized equipment personnel
Suitable for deepwater, reduces Easier maintenance,
Advantages riser failure risk lower cost
Higher complexity and cost, Limited to shallow water,
Disadvantages challenging maintenance higher riser failure risk
Subsea BOP System Dry (Surface) BOP System
WELL MONITORING SYSTEM
WELL
MONITORING
SYSTEM
1. Depths
2. Rate of Penetration
3. WOB, RPM, torque
4. Pressures and
temperatures
5. Mud density
6. Fluid volume variation
7. Gas detections
WELL MONITORING
SYSTEM
Purposes of measurements
-to ensure safety: prevention
of drilling hazards,
-for well geological data
acquisition,
- to monitor drilling progress,
-to analyse events and
improve future drilling
programme.
