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The setting takes place at a place where nature rules over human, in this case dogs too. It's cold and freezing.
Hero Buck
Takako
At the beginning.......
Pampered
During this four since his puppyhood, he has lived the life of sated aristocrat; he had a ne pride in himself, was even a trie egotistical.
But... At last.......
King of Beasts
Summary
Kathrina
Francois & Perrault "in the Southland, under the law of love and fellowship, to respect private property and personal feelings; but in the Northland, under the law of club and fang, whoso took such thing into account was a fool." (Chapter 2,pg 23). "T'ree vair' good dogs, Dat Buck, heem pool lak hell. I itch heem queek as anyt'ing." (Chapter 2, pg 17). Charles & Hal "two men from the States came along and bought them." "Both men were manifestly out of place, and why such as the could adventure the North is part of mystery of things that passes understanding." (Chapter 5, pg 55). Thornton "He knew the breed, and he gives his advice in the certainty that it would not be followed." (Chapter 5, pg 69).
Naturalism
Emily, Takako
Fate
Chance
Chapter 5 pg 70, all the dogs except Buck fall into the hole, because Only Buck listened to Thornton's warning, so he survived.
Environment
"Thornton's warning to take no more chances on the rotten ice", "and then a whole section of ice give way and dogs and humans disappear." (Chapter 5, pg 69,72).
"He wanted, not to escape a clubbing, but to have the leadership." (Chapter 4, pg 44).
"He must master or be mastered; while to show mercy was a weakness. Mercy did not exist in a primordial life. It was misunderstood for fear, and such understanding made for death. Kill or be killed, eat or be eaten, was the law; and this mandate, down out of the depths of Time, he obeyed. (Chapter 6, pg 76).
Heredity "And not only did he learn by experience but instincts long dead became alive again."(Chapter 2, pg 24). "He fought by instinct, but he could ght by head as well." (Chapter 3, pg 41). "His cunning was wolf cunning, and wild cunning; his intelligence, shepherd intelligence, and St. Bernard intelligence, and all this plus an experience gained in the ercest of schools, made him as formidable a creature as any that intelligence roamed the wild." (Chapter 7, pg 98). " Buck's marvelous quickness and agility stood him in good stead." (Chapter 7, pg 107).
Conclusion
Cameron
Jack London tries to tell us that we don't have control over nature. Although we can try to ght it, nature is still more powerful than us. Just like Buck, he tries to overcome hardships in the story. He grows harder and gains more experience, but he still can't control nature. He doesn't really have much choices to make because he is a dog, he had to learn to obey. So the way I see it is that he didn't have freedom of choice.