Assignment-3
Subject: Heat Transfer, Class T Y. (Mechanical), A. Y. 2025-26, Semester –I
Topic: Convection
1. Hot air flows with a mass rate of m = 0.05 kg/sec through an uninsulated sheet metal
duct of diameter D = 0.15 m which is in the crawlspace of a house. The hot air enters
at 103 0C and after a distance of L = 5 m, cool to 77 0C. The heat transfer coefficient
between the duct outer surface and the ambient air at T∞ = 0 0C is known to be h0 = 6
W/m2K. Determine
a. Heat loss (W) form the duct over the length L
b. Heat flux at x = L
c. Duct surface temperature at x = L
2. Water flows in tube of 1.5 cm inner diameter at the rate of 0.05 m3/h. It receives a
uniform wall heat flux of 1000 W/m2. Calculate the value of local heat transfer
coefficient and the wall temperature at a section where both the velocity and
temperature profiles are fully developed and the local bulk mean temperature is 40 0C.
Thermal conductivity and the kinematic viscosity of water at 40 0C are 0.634 W/mK
and 0.659*10-6 m2/sec. Use relation Nu = 4.36 if the flow is laminar.
3. 300 Kg/min of liquid sodium is heated from a bulk mean temperature of 400 0C to 500
0
C as it flows through a stainless steel tube 5 cm inner diameter. The sodium is heated
by a constant heat flux which maintains the tube wall at a temperature of 30 0C above
bulk mean temperature all along the length of the tube. Calculate the length of the tube
over which the temperature rise occurs. liquid sodium has following properties at 450
0
C, Density = 846.7 kg/m3, thermal conductivity = 68.34 W/mK, specific heat = 1274
J/kgK, Kinematic viscosity = 0.2937*10-6 m2/sec, Prandtl number = 0.00468
Use correlation, Nu = 6.3+0.0167 *(Re)0.85* Pr0.93
4. A 6 m long section of an 8 cm diameter horizontal hot water pipe passes through a large
room whose temperature is 20 0C. If the outer surface temperature of the pipe is 70 0C,
determine the rate of heat loss from the pipe by natural convection. The properties of
water at 45 0C are, K = 0.02699 W/mK, Pr = 0.7221, ν = 1.749*10-5 m2/sec, Use
correlation Nu= (0.6+(A/B))2
Where, A = 0.387(Gr. Pr)(1/6) and B = (1+(0.559/Pr)(9/16))(8/27)
5. Atmospheric air at 400 K with velocity of 1.5 m/s flows over a flat plate L = 2m long
maintained at uniform temperature of 300K . Calculate the average heat transfer
coefficient and heat transfer rate from air stream to the plate.
Use Nu = 0.664(Pr)0.33 *( Re) 0.5
Air properties at 350 K: Pr = 0.697, k = 0.03 W/mK, υ = 21x 10 -6 m2/s.
6. A horizontal pipe 30.48 cm in diameter is maintained at a temperature of 250 oC in a
room whose temperature is 15 oC. Calculate the free convection heat loss per meter of
length. Use given correlation and properties
Nud = 0.53 (Grd*Pr)0.25
Air properties at 405.5 K: Pr = 0.69, k = 0.0338 W/mK, υ = 26.4x 10 -6 m2/s
7. Water flows at a velocity of 15 m/s in a straight tube of 55 mm diameter. The tube
surface temperature is maintained at 80 oC and the flowing water is heated from the
inlet temperature of 10 oC to an outlet temperature of 50oC. Taking the physical
Assignment-3
Subject: Heat Transfer, Class T Y. (Mechanical), A. Y. 2025-26, Semester –I
Topic: Convection
properties of water at the mean bulk temperature of 30oC as ρ = 995.7kg/m3, Cp =
4.174kJ/kgK, k = 61.718x10-2W/mK, ν = 0.805x10-6m2/s and Pr = 5.42, Use
correlation, Nud = 0.023(Red)0.8(Pr)0.4. Calculate (a) the heat transfer coefficient
from the tube surface to the water, (b) the heat transfer and (c) the length of tube.
8. A 6.5 m long section of an 7.5 cm diameter horizontal hot water pipe passes through a
large room whose temperature is 24 0C. If the outer surface temperature of the pipe is
66 0C, determine the rate of heat loss from the pipe by natural convection. The
properties of air at 45 0C are, K = 0.02699 W/mK, Pr = 0.7221, ν = 1.749*10-5 m2/sec,
Use correlation Nu= [0.6+(A/B)]2 Where, A = 0.387(Gr. Pr)(1/6) and B
=[1+(0.559/Pr)(9/16)](8/27)
9. Explain Velocity Boundary Layer and Thermal Boundary Layer for flow of ambient air
over a hot flat Plate.
10. Draw the velocity and thermal boundary layer showing comparison for following
i) Ambient air (Pr = 0.69) is flowing over the flat plate,
ii) Water (Pr = 3.27) flowing through the tube.
11. Explain the following dimensionless numbers
i) Prandtl number (Nu)
ii) Nusselt number (Nu)
iii) Reynolds number (Re)
iv) Grashoff number (Gr)
12. Explain the various regimes of Pool Boiling Curve with labelled diagram
13. Explain flow or forced boiling with schematic sketch.
14. Compare the Drop wise and Film wise condensation.
Answer
1a. -1313 W, 1b. 304.5 W/ m2, 1c. 50.7 0C
2. 184.4 W/m2K, 45.4 0C
3. L= 6.864 m
4. Q= 443 W
