06

Electromagnetic
Induction
Topicwise No. of Ques asked in 5 Years (NEET) Oersted, Ampere and few other established that magnetic field is
Topics No. of Questions produced by electriccurrent. On the other hand, the experiments of
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019
Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry demonstrated that an electric
current can also be produced by varying magnetic field.
1
Mognetic Flux "The phenomenon of generation of current or emf by changing the
Faradoy's Law of Induction 1 1
magnetic fields is known as Electromagnetic Induction (EMI).
"The emf developed in the conductor by the process of EMI is known
Motional Electromotive Force 12 as induced emf and if the conductor is in the form of a closed loop,
then the current flowing in the conductor is known as induced
Inductance 1 -
1 1 current.

AC Generator

Special Type of Oues Asked In 5 Years (NEET)

The Experiments of Faraday and Henry
Types Years
The discovery and understanding of electromagnetic induction are
based on a long series of experiments carried out by Faraday and Henry.
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Some of the experiments are shown below.
A-R
" Experiment 1When the bar magnet is pushed towards the coil, the
Statement Bosed pointer in the galvanometer Gdeflects as shown in figure below. This
Matching deflection indicates the presence of electric current in the coil. The
deflection lasts as long as the bar magnet is in motion. The
LastS Years Welgtoge (NEET) galvanometer does not show any deflection when the magnet is held
Percntage stationary.

Year 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

 Master the NCERT
182
Physicsv4
" Experiment 2 The current is induced in coil C, due to motion " The Sl unit of magnetic flux is weber (Wb)or tesla
of the current carryingcoilC, as shown in figure below. It is metre square (Tm). It is a scalar quantity.
the relative motion between the coils that induces the electric
current.
Faraday's Law of Induction
" First law Whenever the amount of imagnetic flux
linket
with acircuit changes with time, an emf is inducedin
the circuit, till change in flux take place.
" Second law The induced emf in the circuit is eaual
the rate of change of magnetic flux through the circuit
Mathematically, the induced emf is given by MET200
-dÙg
Direction dt
of motion
The negative sign indicates the polarity of induced emt:
and hence the direction of current in aclosed loop.
" Experiment 3 There are two " In case of a closely wound coil of N turns, change of
coils C, and C, held stationary. magnetic flux associated with each turn is the same
CoilC, is connected to Therefore, the expression for the total induced emfis
galvanometer G while the given by
second coil C, is Connected to a &= -Ndos NEET 2019
battery through a tapping key K dt
as shown in figure. " The induced emf can be increased by increasing the
The galvanometer shows a number of turns N in the closed coil.
momentary deflection when the
tapping key Kis pressed. The pointer in the galvanometer
returns to zero immediately. Lenz's Law and Conservation
If the key is held pressed continuously, there is no deflection in
the galvanometer. When the key is released, a momentary
of Energy
deflection is observed again, but in the opposite direction. " Lenz's law states that, the direction of induced current
inthe circuit is such that it opposes the change in
magneticflux linked with the circuit that produced the
Magnetic Flux induced current.
" The total number of magnetic field lines crossing normally " The negative sign in induced emf, e = dog-,shows the
dt
through any surface area, when it is placed in a magnetic field
is known as the magnetic flux of that surface. opposing nature of magnetic flux w.r.t. induced emf.
" Magnetic flux through a plane of surface area Aplaced in a "In order to continue the change in magnetic flux linked
uniform magnetic field Bas shown in figure below. It is with the circuit, some mechanical work has to be done
denoted as =B.A -BA COs 9 NEET2022 against the opposition due to induced emf in the coil.
This external mechanical work appears in the circuit in
where, is angle between Band A. the form of electrical energy.
" This law is based upon lawof conservation of energy.

Direction of Induced Current with the

help of Lenz's Law
" Direction of induced current can be determined by
checking whether the magnetic flux through a
conductingloop or circuit is increasing or decreasing
" If flux is increasing, the magnetic field due to induceo
Plane of surface area Ainclined at angle current will be opposite to existing magnetic field
with uniform magnetic field B. shown in Fig.(a) in order to oppose the change in
magnetic flux.
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 183

.ffux is decreasing, the magnetic field due to induced " Due to presence of current and magnetic field, arm PQ (as
urrent willbe along the existing magnetic field shown in shown in the above fiqure) experiences a magnetic torce
Fia.(b) in order to oppose the change in magnetic flux given by
F= BIl =
R

"The force given above is directed opposite to the velocity of

N. the rod and hence the power reguired to maintain constant
speed v is given as
P=Fy=
B²12y2
R
(a) (b)
The direction of induced The direction of induced When a metallic rod of lengthl is rotated at an angular
current in the loop such that current in the loop such speed o normal to a uniform magnetic field8, the emf
the bar magnet experiences a that the bar magnet induced across the rod is given by
repulsive force experiences an attractive
force
e=-BIo NEET 2020
X X X X

Motional Electromotive Force X xB

" The emf induced across the ends of a conductor due to its
motion in magnetic field is called motional emf. X X

When a conducting rod of length l is moving with a

uniform magnetic field B (as shown below),then Marks Maximiser
magnitude of induced emf willbe ||=Blv. Eddy Current
X X X X X

xS x The curents induced in bulk pieces of conductors

when the magnetic flux linked with the conductor
X X X
changes are known as eddy currents.
X X
X

QxN
Thedirection of the eddy currents in the conductor is
determined by applying Lenz's law or Fleming's right
X X X hand rule.

"Incase of astationary conductor, the force on its charges Some important applications of eddy current are given
below.
is given by
F=gE +vxB) =qE Induction furnace is based on heating effect of eddy
current.
Since, v =0. Thus, any force on the charge must arise from
the electricfield term E alone. Consumption of electricity is recorded by energy
Some important points related to emf are given below meter using the concept of eddy current.
Concept of eddy current is used in speedometer to
" if the rod is moving, making an angle @with the direction measure instantaneous speed of a vehicle.
of magnetic field, then |e=Blv sin e
lel=0, for motion parallel to B, i.e. v || B. Concept of eddy current is used in electromagnetic
damping.
" Ifa conducting rod moves on two parallel conducting rails,
then again an emf is induced whose magnitude isgiven by nductance
||=Blv [since, v IB
" The direction of induced current is given by Fleming's "The tendency of electric conductor to oppose any change
of current in an electrical circuit is called inductance.
right hand rule.
It plays same role in an electrical circuit as played by inertia
" The induced current in the loop isgiven by in mechanics. It depends only on the geometry of the coil
and intrinsic material properties.
R R It is ascalar quantity and its Sl unit is henry (H). It has
where, R = resistance of loop. dimensions of [ML?TA-1.
 Master the NCERT
184 Physics Va
The constant of proportionality M2 and My are called
Self-Inductance mutual inductance or coefficient of mutual induction
"The phenomenon of production of emf in a single isolated " For two long co-axial solenoids S and S, each having
coil due to change of flux through the same coil by means length l as shown in figure below. The mutual
of varying the current is known as self-inductance. or coefficient of mutual induction is inductance
" In this case, flux linkage through the coil of N turns is Mp =M =M =uonhn,rl
proportional to the current through the coil and is
expressed as
N cl or Noe =LI
where constant of proportionality Lis called the coefficient
of self-induction of the coil. It is also called
self-inductance of the coil.
" Induced emf due to self-induction is given by
d(Noa)d
dt dt N, turns
Thus, the self-induced emf alvways opposes any change N, turns
(increase or decrease) of current in the coil.
" For a solenoid coil having length l, total number of turns N where, n, and n, are number of turns per unit length of
and cross-sectional area A, the value of self-inductance L
is
inner and outer coils of solenoid respectively,
,=radius of inner coil, , =radius of outer coil
=#n'Al=Honv andl =length of solenoid.
where, n= N/land V =volume of the solenoid= Al " Ifa medium of relative permeability u, is present, the
If we fillthe inside of solenoid with a material of relative
mutual inductance would be M=,Ho/,U.
" The induced emf in the inner coil is given by
permeability , then l=p4onA.
The self-inductance of the coil depends on its geometry [=-M d,
dt
and on the permeability of the medium.
" The self-induced emf is also called the back emf, as it " This shows that varying current in a coil can induce emf in
opposes any change in the current in a circuit. The a neighbouring coil. The magnitude of the induced emf
depends upon the rate of change of current and mutual
self-inductance plays the role of inertia. inductance of the two coils.
Power supplied to the inductor, P=(e,)) =| " In case of current flowing simultaneously in two nearby
coils,the flux linked with one coil will be the sum of two
"Work needs to be done against back emf e in establishing fluxes which exists independently.
dw
the current and given by N =Mnh + Mzle
dt
where, M,represents inductance due to the same coil.
2 " The emf induced can be qiven by
This work is stored as magnetic potential energy. E, =-M1 d,
dt
M2 d,
dt
M, is the self-inductance and is written as L,.
Mutual Inductance
" The phenomenon by which an opposing emf is produced
dh -Miz dz
dt dt
in a coil as a result of change in current or magnetic flux " Factors affecting mutual inductance of two solenoids
linked with aneighbouring coupled coil is called mutual The mutual inductance of two solenoids depends on tne
inductance.
geometry and the magnetic permeability of the core
" The flUx linkage with coil 1due to change in current in a materialexplained below.
neighbouring coil 2 is directly proportional to the current () Number of turns Larger the number of turns in tWO
in coil 2.
solenoids, larger will be their mutual inductance,
1.e ’ N = Me i.e. M«N,N,
Similarly. N,¢, =Mzh
 Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction
185

e Common Coil
cross-sectional area Larger the common -Axle
cross-sectional area of twO solenoids, larger will be their
mutual inductance.
oi) Relative separation Larger the distance between
hwosolenoids, smaller will be the magnetic flux
linked with the secondary coil. Hence, smaller N S
willbe their mutual inductance. Slip
rings
Marks Maximiser Alternating emf

. The magnetic energy stored in a solenoid in terms of

magnetic field B, area Aand length l is given by Carbon
brushes
240 (ACgenerator)
" Principle lIt is based on the principle of electromagnetic
induction and the magnitude of induced emf is given by
AC Generator = NBAosin ot = &0 sin ot NEET 2022
"It is an electrical machine which produces a current that dt
alternates or changes its direction regularly after a fixed where, [n = NBAao
interval of time and is used to convert mechanical energy
into electrical energy. "The current induced in the circuit is given by
" The essential parts of the AC generator are coil or as
i= Osin ot =i, sin ot
and S), slip ring and brushes
armature, field magnets (N
shown in figure below.
rotating in a magnetic field as shown in fiqure below.
Working An alternating emf is generated by a loop of wire
Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Stage 5
When the armature Armature after Armature after
Stage 1 Armature
The plane of the rotates through 90° a rotation of rotation through
after a
armature is the plane of the rotation of 270° 360°
perpendicular to armature is parallel
180°
the magnetic field to magnetic field

Direction of
magnetic field
sN

A Bs
P

Induced
emf
360° Time’
180° 270°
90°

TI2 3T/4
TI4 magnetic field)
by a loop of wire rotating in a
(An alternating emf is generated
 eub Master the NCERT
186 Physics Va.
" There are various types of generators depending on the (iüi) In nuclear power generators, instead of coal. nucte
source of mechanical energy fuel is used as a source.
() Inhydroelectric generators, the mechanical energy If instantaneous induced emf produced in a coil is
required for rotation of the armature is provided by e=e,sin ot = nBAosin ot, then
water falling from a height, e.g. dams. (a) when ot =0, T, i.e. coil is vertical, emf, e =0
() In thermal generators, water heated to produce (b) when ot ie. coil is horizontal, emf, e>0(+ve)
steam using coal or other sources. The steam at high
pressure produces the rotation of the armature. (maximum)

Electricity and magnetism are Motional emf can be explained by Lorentz force on moving
related to each other. Faraday charges but even stationary charges in a time varying
and Henry showed that a moving magnetic field induce emf. This suggests a symmetry
magnet can induce electric between moving charges in static field and static charges in
Caution current. tíme varying field, pointing at the relevance of the principle
Points
In a closed circuit, electric Current of relativity for Faraday's law.
opposes changing magnetic flux
due to conservation of energy.

PYQNotes 1. The mutual inductance of the arrangement of two

concentric circular coils with radii r and, having
number of turns n, and nT, respectively are placed q=0.367
coaxially
with centres coinciding is given by where, E=EMF of the battery. (JEE Main 2020, 2019]
M= 3. If the magnetic flux through a coilof resistance R
2r, [NEET 2021] changes from ¢, to ¢_ then the charge flow through
2. In an L-Rcircuit, the total charge flow through the the coil is given by Aq = -N A =N.h-e where
R
battery after one time constant (t = t) during its N is the number of turns in the coil. (NEET 2019])
current growth is given by
 Step by Step Concept Builders Numerical Type
I Topical Questions NCERT Exemplar

Mastering NCERT Assertion and Reason Questions

IStatement Based
I Matching Type
Past Exams MCas
Skill Boosters

Concept Builders
1 Magnetic flux is essential to maintain an induced current in 12 The coefficient of mutual inductance of two coils
the coil. [T/F) depend on medium between the coils. [T/F)
2Which law tells about a moving conductor coil produces 13 The self-inductance of a long solenoid is
an induced emf? proportional to the area of cross-section and length
of the solenoid. (T/F]
3Faraday'slaw of electromagnetic induction tells about the
(conservation of charge/conservation of energy). 14 If N is the number of turns in a coil, the value of
self-inductance varies as ......N/N).
4 Induced emf does not depend on nature of the coil. (T/F]
15 Inductance of asolenoid at its end is......one
5 Magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to the inductance at the centre.
relative speed of coil-magnet system. [T/F]
6 An induced current has no direction of its own. [T/F]
16 What is the coupling coefficient for perfectly coupled
7 When the current in a coil changes, it induces a back emf coils?
in the same coil. [T/F) 17 The self-inductance associated with a coil is
8A solenoid is connected to a battery, so that a steady independent of ......nduced voltage/resistance of
Current flows through it. If an iron core is inserted into the coil)
solenoid, the current will .....increase/decrease).
18 What is the equivalent induction when the direction
9When the rate of change of current is unity, the induced of currents in the two coils is opposite?
emf is equal to total flux linked with coil. [T/F] 19 Core of a transformer is laminated to
10 It is......p0ssible/not possible) to have mutual (increase/reduce) eddy currents.
inductance without self-inductance.
20, The working of an AC generator is based upon
11 Dimensional formula for the mutual inductance (M) is magnetic effect of current. (T/F)
(same/different) as that of self-inductance.

Topical Questions
The Experiments of Faraday and Henry
1The demonstration of production of electric current ina
closed coil when it is subjected to changing magnetic la
NCERT Pg. 154
field is given by NCERT Pg. 155
(a) Newton (b) Faraday
(d) Einstein (a) towards a
(c) Lenz
(b) no deflection
2The direction of deflection of pointer of galvanometer (c) towards b
when the bar magnet is pulled away from the coil as (d) indicator oscillates between a and b
shown in figure, is
188 Master the NCERT Physics Vo )

3As shown in the fiqure, it is observed that the 8 Consider the following figure, auniform magnetic fela
galvanometer shows a momentary deflection when the of 0.2 Tis directed along the positive X-axis. The
tapping key K is pressed. magnetic flux through top surface of the block is
NCERT Pz 134
30
10 cm
10cm
60° 4 cm

X
9 cm

When the key is released, the current in coilC, and the

(a) zerO (b)0.8 m-Wb
resulting magnetic field is NCERT Pg. 156
(d) -18 m-Wb
(c) 1.0 m-Wb
(a) increase from zero to maximum value
(b) first increase, then decrease
(c) remains same Faraday's Law of Induction
(d) decreases from the maximum value to zero 9 At time t=0, magnetic field of 1000Gis passing
perpendicularly through the area defined by the closed
Magnetic Flux loop shown in the figure.
4 A circular loop of radius R carrying current / lies in If the magnetic field reduces linearly to 500 G, in the
XY-plane with its centre at origin. The total magnetic next 5 s, then induced emf in the loop is
flux through XY-plane is NCERT Pg. 156 NCERT Pg. 157
(a) directly proportional to R 16 cm
(b) directly proportional to I
(c) inversely proportional to /
(d) zero 4 cm 2cm
5 Consider a circular coil of wire carrying constant current
I, forming a magneticdipole. The magnetic flux through
an infinite plane that contains the circular coil and (a) 48 u V (b) 28 uV (c) 56 uV (d) 36 V
excluding the circular coil area is given by ¢,. The
magneticflux through the area of the circular coil area 10 The magnetic flux linked with aconducting coil
is given by ,. Which of the following option is correct ? depends on time t as =3t" -2", where n is a positive
NCERT Pg. 156 constant. Ifthe emf induced in the coil is e, then which
(a) , > o of the following is incorrect about e ? NCERT Pg. 157
(b) , < o (a) If0 < n<1,e0and |e decrease with time
(c) ,=o (b) If n=1,eis constant
(d) , =- o (c) lf n>1,|e increase with time
6 A circular disc of radius 0.2 m is placed in a uniform (d) If n>1,|e decrease with time
magnetic field of induction (/) Wbm in such a way 11 The magnetic flux through a coil of resistance 202
that its axis makes an angle of 60° with B. The magnetic varies with time as
flux linked with the disc is NCERT Pg. 156
(a) 0.02 Wb (b)0.06 Wb
The current in the circuit is zero at NCERT Pg. 157
(c) 0.08 Wb (d) 0.01 Wb
(a) t=1s (b) t = 2 s (c)t = 1.5s (d) t =2.5s
7 A
square of side a metre lies in the YZ-plane in a region, 12 Whenever a magnet is moved either towards or away
where the magneticfield is given by
from aconducting coil, an emf is induced. The
B=B, (3i +3j - 4k) T, where Bo is constant. The magnitude of which is independent of NCERT Pg. 157
magnitude of flux passing through the square (in Wb) is
NCERT Pg. 156 (a) strength of magnetic field
(a) 28,a? (b) 5 B,a' (b) speed which the magnet is moving
(c) number of turns in coil
() 36,a' (d) 4 B,a (d) resistance of coil
Chapter 08 Electromagnetic Induction 189

13The magnetic flux through a circuit of resistance 10 2 is 20 Asquare loop of wire of side length 10 cm is placed at
changed from 20 Wb to 30 Wb in 5 ms. The charge an angle of 45° with a magnetic field that changes
passed through the circuit during this time is uniformly from 0.1 T to zero in 0.7s. The induced current
NCERT Pg. 157 NCERT Pg 157
in the loop (its resistance is 12) is
(a) 4 C (b) 1C (c) 2 C (d) 5 C (a) 1.0 mA (b) 2.5 MA (C) 3.5 mA () 4.0mA
14 According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic 21 Asquare loop of side 10 cm and resistance 0.5 S2 is placed
induction, the magnitude of the induced emf in a circuit vertically in the east-west plane. Auniform magnetic field
isequal to the time rate of change of of 0.10 Tis set-up across the plane in the north-east
(a) magnetic field induction NCERT Pg. 157 direction. The magnetic field is decreased to zero in 0.70s
(b) magnetising field intensity at a steady rate. The magnitudes of induced emf and
(c) magnetic flux current during this time interval are NCERT Pg 157
(d) electric flux (a) 0.1 mV, 2A (b) 1 mV, 2mA
(c) 1V, 2A (d) 1mV, 0.2 A
15 The magnetic flux linked with the coilvaries with time as
=3t + 4t +9. The magnitude of the induced enmf at 22 lIf a coilof 40turns and area 4.0 cm is suddenly
2s is NCERT Pg. 157 removed from amagnetic field, it is observed that a
(a) 9 V (b) 16 V (c) 3 V (d) 4 V charge of 2.0 x 10Cflows into the coil. If the resistance
16 In acoil of resistance 1002, a current is induced by of the coil is 80 92, then magnetic flux density
changing the magnetic flux through it as shown in the (in Wbm ) is NCERT Pg. 157
(a) 0.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 1.5 (d) 2.0
figure. The magnitude of change in flux through the
coil is NCERT Pg. 157 23 A rectangular loop of sides 10 cm and 5 cm with a cut is
10
stationary between the pole pieces of an
Current
electromagnet. The magnetic field of the magnet is
(A) normal to the loop. The current feeding the
electromagnet is reduced, so that the field decreases
from its initial value of 0.3 Tat the rate of0.02 Ts. If
the cut is joined and the loop has aresistance of 2.02,
Time (s) 0.5
the power dissipated by the loopas heat is
(a) 225 Wb (b)250 Wb (c) 275 Wb (d) 200 Wb NCERT Pg. 157
(a) 5 nW (b) 4 nW (c) 3 nW (d) 2 nW
17 A
circular coilof radius 10 cm, 500 turns and resistance
22 is placed with its plane perpendicular to the 24 Arectangular wire loop of resistance 1.5 2 placed in à
horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field. It is region of uniform magnetic field of magnitude 0.3 T
rotated about its vertical diameter through 180° in 0.25s. directed normal to the loop. If the area of loop
Find the magnitude of the emf induced in the coil. decreases at arate of 0.05 m/s in this magnetic field,
Horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field at the heat produced in it is NCERT Pg. 157
the place is 3.0x 10s T. NCERT Pg. 157 (a) 1.5x 10-5 W (b) 15x 10-6 W
(a) 3 x10 v (b) 3.8 x 10 mV (c) 2x 106 w (d) 150 x 10-6 W
(c) 3.8x 10 mV (d) 3.8 x 10- V
18 The flux linked with a circuit is given by : =t+3t-7. Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy
The graph between time (X-axis) and induced emf 25 Consider a metal ring kept on a
(Y-axis) will be a NCERT Pg. 157 horizontal plane. Abar magnet is held
(a) straight line pasing through the origin above the ring with its length along the Magnet
(b) straight line with positive intercept axis of the ring. If the magnet is dropped
(c) straight line with negative intercept freely, the acceleration of the falling
magnet is (g is acceleration due to
(d) parabola not passing through the origin NCERT Pg. 160 )Ring
gravity)
19 Acoil of resistance 400 2 is placed in a magnetic field. If
the magnetic flux : (Wb) linked with the coil varies with (a) More than g
time t(s) as o =50t + 4. Current at 2s is (b)Equal to g
NCERT Pg. 157 (c) Less than g
(a) 0.5 A (c) 2 A (d) 1A (d) Depend on mass of magnet
(b) 0.1 A
190 Master the NCERT Physics V

Z6 There isa uniform magnetic field directed perpendicular 31 A closed loop moves normal to the constant electric
and into the plane of the paper. An irregular shaped field between the plates of a large capacitor. Is the
Conducting loop is slowly changing into a circular loop Current induced in the loop when it is wholly inside the
in the plane of the paper. Then, NCERT Pg. 160 region between the capacitor plates? NCERT P3. 169,
(a) current is induced in the loop in the anti-clockwise (a) Yes
direction (b) No
(b) current is induced in the loop in the clockwise direction (c) May be possible
(c) AC is induced in the loop (d) May not be possible
(d) No current is induced in the loop 32 The north pole of abar magnet is moved towards a coil
27 Consider a situation shown in figure. After long time, along the axis passing through the centre of the col
switch is opened. Then, direction of induced current in and perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
closed loop will be NCERT Pg. 160 The direction of the induced current in the coil
00000 when viewed in the direction of the motion of the
magnet is NCERT P3. 160
(a) clockwise
(b) anti-clockwise
S (c) no Current in the coil
(a) clockwise (d) Either clockwise or anti-clockwise
(b) anti-clockwise
33 The north pole of a magnet is falling on a
(c) no current will induced metallic ring as shown in the fiqure. The
(d) depends upon the resistance of the circuit direction of induced current, if looked from
28 The polarity of induced emf is such that it tends to upside, in the ring will be NCERT Pg. 160
produce a current which opposes the change in (a) clockwise or anti-clockwise depending on
magnetic flux that produce it, is the statement of metal of the ring
NCERT Pg. 160 (b) no induced current
(a) Faraday's law (c) anti-clockwise
(b) Lenz's law (d) clockwise
(c) Biot-Savart's law
34 The magnet in figure rotates as shown on a pivot
(d) Fleming's left hand rule through its centre. At the instant shown, what are the
29 An infinitely long cylinder is kept parallel to a uniform directions of the induced current? NCERT Pg. 160
magneticfield Bdirected along positive Z-axis. This S
direction of induced current as seen from the Z-axis will
be NCERT Pg. 160
(a) clockwise of the positive Z-axis
(b) anti-clockwise of the positive Z-axis CwwwD
(c) zero, nocurrent is induced
(d) along the magnetic field (a) A to Band C toD (b) Bto Aand C toD
30 Nearacircular loop of conducting wire as shown in the (c) Ato Band DtoC (d) 8 to A
and DtoC
fiqure, an electron moves along a straight line. The 35 Predict the polarity of the capacitor in the situation
NCERT Pg. 160
direction of the induced current, if any in the loop is described in the given figure.
NCERT Pg. 160

(a) Plate A will be positive

(b) Plate Bwill be positive
(a) variable (c) Plate A will be negative
(b) clockWise
(c) anti-clockwise (d) zero (d) No charge is developed
ter 06 Electromagnetie Induction
191
LA magnet N-S is sUspended from a spring
and when it oscillates, the magnet moves in 40Aconducting rod of length 2/ is rotating with constant
and out of the coil C. Then, as magnet angular speed o about its perpendicular bisector. A
Oscillates,
uniform magnetic field Bexists parallel to the axis of
NCERT Pg. 160 rotation. The emf induced between two ends of the rod
Ial Gshows no deflection but the amplitude
is
steadily decreases
(b) Gshows deflection to the left and right
with decreasing anmplitude
) Gshows deflection to the left and right
with constant amplitude
(d) G shows deflection on one side

Motional Electromotive Force NCERT Pg. 162

37 A
conducting wire of length 1m is placed in XY-plane. It
is moved with velocityv=(i +j +2k) m/s through a (a) Bol' (b) Bol
region of magnetic induction B=(4j+3k) T. Then,
potential difference across the ends of the wire is ()-Bol?
8
(d) zero
NCERT Pg. 162
41 The figure shows four wire loops, with edge lengths of
either Lor 2L. All four loops will move through a region
of uniform magnetic field B(directed out of the page)
at the same constant velocity. Rank the four loops
|=1m accordingto the maximum magnitude of the emf
induced as they move through the field, greatest first
NCERT Pg. 162

(a) 5 V (b) 2 V (c) 3 V (d) 4 V

a b
38 Acopper disc of radius 0.1 m is rotated about its centre
with 10 revolutions per second in a uniform magnetic
:B
field of 0.1T with its plane perpendicular to the field.
The enf induced across the radius of disc is NCERT Pg. 162
(a)
10
V (b)V
10
(c) rx 102V (d) 2rx 10o-²v (a) (e, = e,) <(e, = e,) (b) (e, = e) >(e, = e,)
(c) e >eg > ey >e (d) e < e <e < e,
39 A1 m long metallic rod is rotated with angular
frequency of 400 rads- about an axis normal to the 42 Aconducting rod AB moves parallel to X-axis in a
rod passing through one of its end. The other end of uniform magnetic field, pointing in the positive
the rod is in contact with a circular metallic ring. A Z-direction. The end A of the rod gets NCERT Pg. 162
Constant and uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T parallel to A
axis exist everywhere. The emf induced between centre
and ring is NCERT Pg. 162
B

B
’X
(a) positively charged
(b) negatively charged
(a) 40 V (b) 100 V (c) neutral
(c) 160 V (d) 50 V (d) first positively charged and then negatively charged
192 Master the NCERT Physics Vol.)
43 A conducting rod of length / is moving in a transverse 48 A horizontal straight wire 10 m long extending from
magnetic field of strength Bwith velocity v. The induced east to west is falling with a speed of 4.0 ms, at right
voltage across the conducting rod is NCERT Pg. 162 angles to the horizontal component of the earth's
(a) Bvl (b) V28vi magnetic field of strength 0.30x 10-2 Wbm-² The
V2 instantaneous value of the induced potential gradient i
the wire from west to east is NCERT P3 162
(c) Bvl (d)
(a) + 1.5x 10- Vm1 (b) - 1.5x 10- Vm-1
(c) + 1.2x 10-2 Vm-! (d) - 1.5 x 10-4 Vm-1
44 A rectangular conductor PÌRS in which the arm PQ is
free to move. The rod PQ is moved towards the left with 49 A rectangular conductor SPOR is placed in a uniform
a constant velocity vas shown infigure. Assume that, magnetic field perpendicular to the plane and
there is no loss of energy due to friction. extending from X =0 to x =bas shown below. The arm
PQ of length lis moving fromx =0tox -2b with
constant speed v. Find the flux and emf induced in the
X X conductor.
X X X

X
NCERT Pg. 162
X x X

The rate of change of flux oe will induce an emf given

by NCERT Pg. 162
dl
(a) [=-Bx (b) [=- (Bx) X=0 X=b X=2b
dt dt
dx dB (a) Bk, - Blv; when 0 <x <b
(c) [=-BI (d) &=-xl
dt dt (b) 2Bl, -2BI
45 A horizontal straight wire 20 m long extending from (c) Blb, 0, b<x<2b
east to west is falling with a speed of 5.0 ms at right (d) Bl, BI
angles to the horizontal component of the earth's 50 A circular coil expands radially in a region of magnetic
magnetic field 0.30x 10 Wbm. The instantaneous field and no electromotive force is produced in the coil.
value of the emf induced in the wire will be This can be because
NCERT Pg. 162 NCERT Pg. 162
(a) 6.0 mV
(a) the magneticfield is constant
(b) 3 mV
(c) 4.5 mV (b) the magnetic field is not in the same plane as the
(d) 1.5 mV circular coil and it may or may not vary
46 Ahelicopter rises vertically with a speed of 100 ms-. If (c) the magnetic field has a perpendicular (to the plane of
helicopter has length 10 m and horizontal component the coil)component whose magnitude is decreasing
of earth's magnetic field is 5x 10 Wbm then the suitably
induced emf between the tip of nose and tail of (d) there is a constant magnetic field in the perpendicular
helicopter is NCERT Pg. 162 (to the plane of the coil) direction
(a) 50 V (b) 0.5 V
(c) 5 V
51 An LAOB made of a conducting X X
(d) 25 V A
wire moves along its bisector
47 Two parallel rails of a railway track insulated from each through a magnetic field B as X X

other and with the ground are connected to a suggested by figure. Find the o90 - V

millivoltmeter. The distance between the rails is 1m. A emf induced between A and B, if X X

train is travelling with a velocity of 72 kmh along the the magnetic field is
X X
track. The reading of the millivoltmeter (in m) is perpendicular to the plane of the
(verticalcomponent of the earth's magnetic induction is -paper. (where, A0 = BO =) NCERT Pg. 162
2x 10 T) NCERT Pg. 162
(a)
Bvl
(b) Bv
(a) 1.44 (b) 0.72
(c) 0.4 (d) 0.2 (c) V2 BIlv (d) Blv
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 193
62 A simple pendulum with bob of mass m and
wire of length l swings under gravity throughconducting
required to keep the connector moving with a constant
0. The earth's magnetic field component in thean angle
NCERT Pz. 162
velocity, v =2 m/s is
direction
perpendicular to swing is B. Maximum emf induced
across the pendulum is
NCERT Pg. 162
W 30
652

(a) 6 N (b) 4 N (c) 2 N (d) 1N

56 Auniform conducting rod of length Lis moving with
(a) 28l sin (b) BL sin (g!) velocity vo in a uniform transverse magnetic field B as
shown in figure. The emf developed across the ends of
the rod is NCERT Pg. 162
(c) BL sin (d) 8L sin (gL)? X X X
53 Ametallic rod of 1m length is rotated with a frequency
of 50 revs,with one end hinged at the centre and
other end at the circumference of a circular metallic ring
of radius 1 m. It is rotating about an axis passing 370 - >Vo
through the centre and perpendicular to the plane of X X
the ring as shown in figure. Aconstant and uniform
magnetic field of 1 Tparallel to the axis is present X Bo X
everywhere. What is the emf between the centre and
the metalicring? NCERT Pg. 162 4
2
X

57 A conducting rod of length Lis moving in a transverse

magnetic field of strength Bwith velocity v. The
Qpx resistance of the rod is R. The current in the rod is
X

X
NCERT Pg. 162
X BLV B?
(a) (b) BLV (c) zero (d)
R

(a) 147 V (b) 157 V (c) 140 V (d) 164 V 58 Figure shows a conducting rod PQ in contact with metal
rails RP and SQ, which are 25 cm apart in a uniform field
54 Awheel with 10 metallic spokes each 0.5 mlong is of flux density 0.4 Tacting perpendicular to the plane of
rotated with a speed of 120 rev/min in a plane normal
the paper. Ends Rand S are connected through a 5 Q
tothe horizontal component of earth's magnetic field resistance. What is the magnitude and the direction of
H at a place. If H, =0.4 G at the place, what is the the current through the 52 resistor when the rod
induced emf between the axle and the rim of the moves to the right with a velocity of 5 ms-?
wheel? (Take, 1G= 10) NCERT Pg. 162 NCERT Pg. 162
(a) 6.28 x 10 V X X

(b) 62.8x 10-5 V X X X X

(c) 0.628x 10-5 V B=0.4T

X
V=5ms-1
(d) 62.8 x 10- mV x59 25 cm
X

55 Arectangular loop with a sliding connector PQ of X

lengthl =10m issituated in a uniform magnetic field

B=2T perpendicular to the plane of loop. Resistance of
connector is r=22. Two resistance of 62 and 32 are (a) 0.1Afrom Rto S (b) 0.1A from S to R
Connected as shOwn in fiqure. The external force (c) 0.5 A from R to S (d) 0.5 A from S to R
 Master the NCERT
194 Physics W
Eddy Current 64 In acoil, when current changes from 10 Ato
59Eddy currents are produced when Old NCERT Pg. 218
2Ain time 0.1 s, induced emf is 3.20 V.
What is the self-inductance of coil ?
(a) a metal is kept in varying magnetic field (a) 4 H (b) 0.4 H
NCERT PZ 166
(b)a metal is kept in a steady magnetic field (c) 0.04 H (d) 5 H
(c) acircular coil is placed in magnetic field
(d) through a circular coil current is flowing 65 In the given branch PQ, a part of circuit, a current
|=(2t +3) Ais flowing, where t is time in second, what i
460 Acopper plate is allowed to swing like a simple the value of potential difference (Vp -Vo) at t =2s2
pendulum between the pole pieces of a strong magnet
(as shown in figure). Old NCERT Pg. 218 NCERT Pz 166
L=2H
Pivot
10 V R=4Q
Copper plate (a) 24 V (b)36 V
(c) 48 V (d) 42 V
66 The mutual inductance of a pair of coils, each of N tune
is M Heny. If a current of lampere in one of the coil is
The motion of the plate and the phenomenon behind brought to zero int second, the emf induced per turnin
this are po the other coil, (in volt), will be NCERT Pg, 165
MI MN
(a) damped, electromagnetic induction (a) (b)
(b) accelerated, induced current Nt It
(c) accelerated, electromagnetic induction NMI MIN
(c) (d)
(d) damped, Gauss' law t
tob
61 The shiny metal disc in the electric power meter rotates 67 A solenoid has 2000 turns wound overa length of
due to Old NCERT Pg. 218 0.3 m. The area of its cross-section is 12 x 10 m?
(a) continuously decreasing current Around its central portion, a coilof 300 turns is wound.
(b) motor fitted inside If an initial current of 2 A in the solenoid is reversed in
(c) continuously increasing current 0.25 s, the emf induced in the coil is equal to
(d) eddy current NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 6 x10v (b) 48 mV
Inductance (c) 6 x10-²y (d) 48 kV
62 In the given L-R circuit, the magnetic energy stored in 68 In the circuit as shown in diagram R =102, E =10 V,.
the inductor in steady state is NCERT Pg. 165 l=2A and L= 5H..The current in part of the circuit is
40
decreasing at rate of2A/s. What is potential difference
VAB at this instant? NCERT Pg. 165

A oo000
(a) 25 V
LEa
(b) 35 V
(c) 40 V (d) 20 V
1OmH 69 Acoil of Cu wire (radius r, self-inductance L) is bent in
(a) 10 mJ (b)20 mJ two concentric turns each having radius The
(c) 40 mJ (d) 5 mJ
self-inductance now NCERT Pg. 165
63 An inductor coil stores 32 J of magnetic field energy
(a) 2L (b) L
and dissipates energy as heat at the rate of 320 Wwhen (c) 4L (d) L/2
acurrent of 4 Ais passed through it. The time constant
of circuit when this coil is joined across ideal battery 70 Which of the following is equivalent to self-induction
NCERT Pg. 165
NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.2 s (a) Inertia of mass (b) Inertia of energy
(c) 0.3 s (d) 0.4 s (c) Inertia of moment (d) Inertia of current
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 195

11 An electric current can be induced in acoil by flux 76 According to the phenormenon of mutual induction,
NCERT Pz. 165
change produced by another coil in its vicinity or flux
change produced by the same coil. In both cases, the (a) the mutual inductance does not dependent on
flux through a coil is NCERT Pg. 165 geometry of the two coils involved
(a) proportional to the square of current (b) the mutual inductance depends on the intrinsic
(b) inversely proportional to the square of current magnetic property, like relative permeability of the
(c) proportional to the current material

(d) inversely proportional to the current (c) the mutual inductance is independent of the magnetic
property of the materiat
72 The mutual inductance Myp of coil 1with respect to
coil 2 NCERT Pg. 165 (d) ratio of magnetic flux produced by the coil 1 at the place
of the coil 2 and the current in the coil 2 will be different
(a) increases when they are brought nearer from that of the ratio defined by interchanging the coils
(b) depends on the current passing through the coils
(c) increases when one of them is rotated about an axis 77 There are two long coaxial solenoids of same lengthl.
(d) is different from M of coil 2 with respect to coil 1 The inner and outer coils have radii r, andr, and
number of turns per unit length n, and n,, respectively.
73 There are two identical coils Aand Bplaced parallel The ratio of mutual inductance to the self-inductance of
along common axis, separated by some distance. A the inner coil is NCERT Pg. 165
Current of 2A flows through coil A and a magnetic flux
of 10 Wb passes through B (no current through B). If (a) (b) 2. (d)

no current passes through Aand a current of 1A passes

through B, what is the flux through A? 78 If coil is open,then Land R, respectively become
NCERT Pg. 165 NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 5 x 10-3 Wb (b) 0.5 x 10- Wb (a) o, 0 (b) 0, o
(c) 50 ×10- Wb (d) 00.5 x 10-3 Wb (C) o, o (d) 0,0
74 O is the centre of two coplanar concentric circular 79 A
current passing through a coil of self-inductance of 2
conductorsAand B, of radiir and Rrespectively as mH changes at the rate of 20 mAs, The emf induced
shown in the fiqure (here r <<«R). The mutual in the coil is NCERT Pg. 165
inductance of the system of the conductor can be given (a) 10 uV (b) 40 uV
by NCERT Pg. 165 (c) 10 mV (d) 40mV
80 The inductance of a coil is L =10H and resistance
R=52. If applied voltage of battery is 10 Vand if circuit
switches OFF in 1ms, find induced emf in inductor.
NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 2 x 10 V (b) 1.2x 10 V
(c) 2x 10 y (d) 3 x10v
81 In 0.2 s, the current in a coilincreases from 1.5 A
to 2.5 A. If
la) orr2 (b) Horp2

inductance of this coil is 60 mH, then induced current in

2R 2r
TR
an external resistance of3Qwill be NCERT Pg. 165
(d) Hor
(c) (a) 1A (b) 0.5 A
2R
(c) 0.2 A (d) 0.1A
75 Two coils P and Q are separated by some distance. 82 Acopper wire is wound on a wooden frame, whose
When a current of3 Aflows through coil P, a magnetic shape is that of an equilateral triangle. If the linear
flux of 10 Wb passes through Q. No current is passed dimensionof each side of the frame is increased by a
through Q. When no current passes through P and a factor of 3, keeping the number of turns of the coil per
Current of 2A passes through Q, the flux through P is unit length of the frame the same, then the
NCERT Pg. 165 self-inductance of the coil NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 6.67 >x 10-3 Wb (a) increases by a factor of 3
(b) 6.67 x 10 Wb (b) decreases by a factor of 9N3
(c) 367 x 10-3 Wb (c) increases by a factor of 27
(d) 3.67 x104 Wb (d) decreases by a factor of 9
196 t Master the NCERT Physics Vol

83 A solenoid 60 cm long has 50 turns on it and is wound 90 Asquare coil of side 25 cm having 1000turns
is
on an iron rod of 7.5 mm radius. Find the flux through with a uniform speed in amagnetic field about anrotated
a
the solenoid when the current in it is 3A and the relative perpendicular to the direction of the field. At an inct
permeability of iron is 600. NCERT Pg. 165 t. the emf induced in the coil is E =200 sin100rt. The
(a) 1.66 Wb (b) 2.66 Wb magnetic induction is
(c) 1.66 mWb (d) 1.66 H Wb
NCERT PR3 17,
(a) 0.50T (b) 0.2 T (c) 10-3T (d) 0.01T
84 Two identical induction coils each of inductance Ljoined 91 Kamla paddles a stationary bicycle, the paddles of the
in series are placed very close to each other such that the bicycle are attached to a 100 turns coil of area 0.10 me
winding direction of one is exactly opposite to that of The coil rotates at half a revolution per second and itis
other, what is the net inductance? NCERT Pg. 165
(a) L (b) 2L (c) L/2 (d) Zero placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.01T
perpendicular to the axis of rotationof the coil. What is
85 Three solenoid coils of same dimension, same numbers the maximum voltage generated in the coil?
of turns and same numbers of layers of winding are NCERT Pg. 170
taken. Coil 1of inductance L, was wound using a wire of (a) 3.14 V (b) 31.4 V (c) 0.314 V (d) 314 V
resistance 11 2m,coil 2 of inductance L, was wound 92 When a circular coil of radius1m and 100 turns is rotated
using the similar wire but the direction of winding was in a horizontal uniform magnetic field, the peak value of
reversed in each layer and coil 3of inductance L was
wound using a superconducting wire. The enf induced is 100 [Link] coil is unwound and then
rewound into a circular coil of radius 2 m. If it is rotated
self-inductance of the coils L,L, and are such that
NCERT Pg. 165 nowwith the same speed, under similar conditions, the
new peak value of emf developed is NCERT Pg. 170
(a) L=Lz =l3 (b) L =L2,Ly =0 (a) 50 V (b) 25 V (c) 100 V (d) 200V
() L, =L3, Ly =0 (d) L >Ly >l3
86 The self-induced emf of a coil is 25 V. When the current 93 In a region of uniform magnetic induction B =10'L.a
in it is changed at uniform rate from 10 A to 25 A in 1s, circular coil of radius 30 cm and resistance n²2 is
rotated about an axis which is perpendicular to the
the change in the energy of the inductance is direction of B and which forms a diameter of the coil. If
NCERT Pg. 165
(a) 437.5 J (b) 740J (c) 637.5 J (d) 540J the coil rotates at 200 rpm, the amplitude of the
alternatingcurrent induced in the coil is
87 The expression for the magnetic energy stored in a NCERT Pg. 170
solenoid in terms of magnetic field B, area Aand length (a) 47 mA (b) 30 MA
of the solenoid, is NCERT Pg. 165 (c) 6 mA (d) 200 mA
1 1
(a) -BAL (b) -B²AL 94 A rectangular coil ABCD which is rotated at constant
2 4o 24o
1 angular velocity about the horizontal axis as shown in
()BAL (d) -BA?1 the figure. The axis of rotation of the coil as wellas the
magnetic field B are horizontal. Maximum current will
AC Generator flow in the circuit when the plane of the coil is
NCERT Pg. 170
88 When the coil is rotated with a constant angular speed
o, the angle between the magnetic field vector B and
the areavector A of the coil at any instant t, is
NCERT Pg. 170
(a) =AB (b) =At (c) =ot (d) =Bt
89 Wire loop is rotated in a magnetic field. The frequency
of change of direction of the induced emf is
(a) once per revolution NCERT Pg. 170
(b) twice per revolution (a) inclined at 30° to the magnetic field
(c) four times per revolution (b) perpendicular to the magnetic field
(c) inclined at 45° to the magnetic field
(d) six times per revolution
(d) parallel to the magnetic field
 Electromagnetic Induction 197
Caoter 06
same 96 The working of a generator is based upon NCERT Pr 170
os In an AC generator, a coil with N turns, all of the (a) magneticeffect of current
with frequency o in
area Aand total resistance R, rotates (b) heating effect of current
maximum value of emf
amagnetic field B. The NCERT Pg. 170 (c) chemical effect of current
generated in the coil is (d) electromagnetic induction
(b) NABRo (c) NAB (d) NABR
(a) NABo

Assertion and Reason Questions

Direction (Q. Nos. 1-10) In the following questions,
a
corresponding
stotement of Assertion is followed by a
statements, choose the
statement of Reason. Of the following
ends of a
Reason The induced emf across the
Correct one.
correct and Reason is
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are conductor is given by e =Bvl sin 9.
NCERT Pg. 162
Assertion.
the correct explanation of metallic
Assertion and Reason are correct
but 6 Assertion Eddy current is produced in any
(b) Both
conductor when magnetic flux is changed through
it.
Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion. Reason Electric potential determines flow
of charge.
incorrect. Old NCERT Pg. 218
(c) Assetion is correct but Reason is
Reason is correct. increases
(d) Assertion is inCorrect but 7Assertion The self-inductance of a solenoid its
is placed inside solenoid for
1Assertion Ifacircular conductingcoil then the with the increase in length of the
field, constant number of turns.
and parallelto a uniform magnetic rate of
magneticflux linked with the coil is zero. Reason The slope of self-inductance versus
by changing change of current gives the induced emf
in the
Reason The magnetic flux can be changed NCERT Pg. 157 NCERT Pg. 168
the area of a coil. solenoid.
much shorter than
2Assertion Induced emf will always
occur whenever, 8 Assertion If the inner solenoid is
solenoid, then the flux
there is change in magnetic flux. (and placed well inside) the outer
whenever, there is linkage N,0 can still be calculated.
Reason Current always induces immersed in a
NCERT Pg. 158 Reason The inner solenoid is effectively
change in magnetic flux. solenoid.
flux will maintain uniform magnetic field due to the outer NCERT Pg. 165
3 Assertion Only a change in magnetic
an induced current in the coil. it is
9 Assertion In asystem of co-axial solenoids,
through a linkage with the
Reason The presence of large magnetic flux extremely difficult to calculate the flux
the current is solenoid.
coil maintains aCurrent in the coil, if outer solenoid when current flows in inner
NCERT Pg. 158
inner solenoid
ContinuoUS. Reason The magnetic field due to the
cross-section of
4 Assertion Lenz's law violates the principle of Would vary across the length as well as
in
Conservation of energy. the outer solenoid (when inner solenoid is smaller
NCERT Pg. 165
Reason Induced emf always opposes the change in length and radius).
magnetic flux responsible for its production. 10 Assertion The self-induced emf is also called the
back
NCERT Pg. 160
emf.
5 Assertion Figure shows ametallic conductor moving in Reason The self-induced emf opposes any change in
magneticfield. The induced emf across its ends is
zero. NCERT Pg. 165
the current in a circuit.
198 Master the NCERT Physics VoL)

Statement Based Questions

Direction (Q Nos 1-8) In the following questions, two Statement I| When current through a coil is constart
stotements (1 & ) are given. In the light of the given then no electromagnetic induction takes place.
statements, choose the correct option given below. NCERT P3 165
(a) Both Statement Iand Statement Il are false. 5 Statement IFaraday's laws are consequence of
(b) Statement l is true but Statement |l| is false. conservation of energy.
(c) Statement Iis false but Statement Il is true.
(d) Both Statement Iand Statement lare true. Statement I| Two co-axial conducting rings ofdifferert
radii are placed in space. The mutual inductance of both
1 Statement I The galvanometer of a coil does not show the rings is maximum, if the rings are also co-planar.
any deflection when a magnet near the coil is NCERT P3 166
stationary. 6Statement IAcceleration of amagnet falling through a
Statement Il The relative motion between the magnet
longsolenoid decreases.
and the coil is responsible for generation of electric
Current in the coil. NCERT Pg. 155 Statement II The induced current produced in a circuit
always flow in such direction that it opposes the change
2 Statement I If the plane of a coil is parallelto a uniform to the cause that produced it.
magnetic field, then net flux through the coil is NCERT Pg. 166
maximum.
7Statement IThe principle of an ACgenerator is based
Statement II The magnetic flux through a coilcan be
çhanged by changing the strength of magnetic field. on magnetic effect of current.
NCERT Pg. 156 Statement lII The current produced by an ACgenerator
3Statement IIf the same amount of magnetic flux has constant magnitude, but changes its direction
periodicaly. NCERT Pg. 170
changes through a copper coil and an aluminium coil,
then the induced emf in both the coil is same. 8Statement I Mutual inductance of a pair of coils does
Statement IlLenz's law is in accordance with lawof not depend upon relative orientation.
conservation of momentum. NCERT Pg. 160 Statement Il In AC generator, magnetic flux is changed
4 Statement IInductance of an electrical circuit opposes by changing the effective area of loop.
NCERT Pg. 171
any change of current through the circuit.

Matching Type Questions

1 Asquare loop ABCD whose area 20 cm² and resistance
5 2is rotated in a uniform field of2T through 180° Column I Column I|
about an axis in plane of loop and passing through its A Current (in A) in loop at 1 2.4
centre. t = 0.01 s
B Current (in A) in loop at 2. 1.6
t =0.02s
Magnitude of free charge 3. 0.08
B (in mC) at t = 0.01s
D Magnitude of free charge 4. 0.16
(in mC) at 0.03 s
NCERT Pg. 157

D Choose the correct answer from the codes given below.

X Codes
A U
D A B D
(a) 1 2 m (b) 3 2 1
Now, match the following columns. (c) 3 1 2 (d) 3 1 2 4
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction
199

ACOnductor of length land resistance Rmoves

through
amagnetic field Bwith velocity v as shown below
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below.
Codes
A B D A B D
(a) 2 1 4 3 (b) 2 4 1 3
(c) 4 2 3 1 (d) 4 3 2 1

3 In Column I, electromagnetic quantities are given and in

Column Il, mechanical quantities are given. Match the
Column Iand Column ll.
X
Column Column IM

A. Current 1 Momentum
Now match the Column Iwith Column |l. B Magnetic flux 2. Potential energy
Column I Column I C Inductance 3. Kinetic energy
A Current induced in the 1 Bvl D Magnetic energy 4 Mass
loop. NCERT Pg. 165
8 Force on conductor PO 2 Bvl/R
Choose the correct answer from the codes given below.
C Induced emf across PQ 3 B²|2
Codes
R A B C D A B D
D. Power delivered by 4 2 4 3 (b) 2 4 3 1
(a) 1
external force 4 (d) 2 1 4 3
R (c) 2 1

NCERT PB. 162

NumericalType Questions
1The magnetic field B crossing normallyasquare metalic 3 In a coil of resistance 82, the magnetic flux due to an
plate of area 2 mis changing with time as shown in external magnetic field varies with time
figure. The magnitude of induced emf in the plate
during t =3s tot=5s, is....mV. NCERT Pg. 157 The value of total heat produced in the coil, till the flux
X
becomes zero, will beJ. The value of xis
NCERT Pg. 157
B(mT)
4In the given figure, the magnetic flux through the loop
increase according to the relation oa(t) = 10t + 20t,
10
where op is in milliwebers and t is in seconds. The
8
magnitude of current through R=102 resistor at t =5 s
6 is ..MA. NCERT Pg. 157
X X X X

R=102

1 2 3 5 X X X X

t(s)

2An insulated copper wire of 200 turns is wrapped

X X
X X

cross-sectional
around a wooden cylindrical core of the X
connected to X
area 24 cm. The two ends of the wire are
aresistor. The total resistance in the
circuit is 24 S2. If an conducting circular loop is placed in auniform
5 A
externally applied uniform magnetic field in the
core magnetic field to 0.2 Twith its plane perpendicular to
along its axis changes from 1.5 T in one
direction to the field. Somehow, the radius of the loop starts
magnitude
flowing expanding at a constant rate of 2 mm/s. The
1.5 Tin the opposite direction, the charge instant when the
through a point in the circuit during the change
of of induced emf in the loop at an
magnetic field willbe ....nC.
NCERT Pg. 157 radius of the loop is 2cm will be.....uV. NCERT Pg. 157
 Master the NCERT
200 Physics Vel.
6A 15 n, 30 mH coil carrying constant current is metallic ring. A constant and uniform magnetic fisla
connected to a battery of 20 V through a switch. Now, 0.2T parallel to the axis exists everywhere. The ene
after switch is opened current becomes zero in 100 js. developed between the centre and the ring is
The average emf, induced in the coil is V
(Take, =
NCERT Pg. 157
NCERT P. 16)
7A1m long metal rod XY completes the circuit as shown 9 Two concentric circular coils with radii 1 cm and
in figure. The plane of the circuit is perpendicular to the 1000 cm, and number ofturns 20 and 100
magnetic field of flux density 0.15 T. If the resistance of are placed coaxially with centres [Link]
The mi
the circuit is 10n, the force needed to move the rod in inductance of this arrangement will be .....10-10u
direction, as indicated, with a constant speed of 8 m/s (Take, r =10) NCERT Pz 165
will be x 10- N NCERT Pg. 162
10 |=2A
XX X X
00000
L=3H R=12Q
X
52
X X

B
X Y X X X
E=10V
8A 20 cm long metalliC rod is rotated with 180 rpm about
an axis normal to the rod passing through its one end. As per the given figure, if dl/ dt =-2 A/s, then the vale
The other end of the rod is in contact with a circular of Vae at this instant will be .......V. NCERT PR. 165

NCERT Exemplar Questions

1 Asquare of side Lmetres lies in the XY-plane in a A
region,where the magnetic field is given by
B=B,(2i + 3j + 4k) T, where Bo is constant. The
magnitude of flux passing through the square is
(a) 281 Wb (b) 38,! Wb (a) there is a constant current in the clockwise direction inA
() 4B,! Wb (d) /29 B,/² Wb (b) there is a varying current in A
(c) there is no current in A
2Aloop, made of straight edges has six corners at A(0, 0,
0), B (_, 0, 0), C(4,L, 0), D (0, L, 0), E (0, L, L) and F (0, 0, L). (d) there is a constant current in the counter-clockwise
direction in A
Amagnetic field B = Bo(i +k) Tis present in the
5 Coil A is made to rotate about a
region. The flux passing through the loop ABCDEFA (in B
that order) is vertical axis (shown in fiqure).
No current flows inB, if Ais at
(a) B Wb (b) 2B, Wb () V2B, Wb(d) 48,1 Wb rest. The current in coil A,when
3 A cylindrical bar magnet is rotated about its axis. A wire the current in B (att =0) is
is connected from the axis and is made to touch the counter-clockwise and the coil A
cylindrical surface through a contact. Then, is as shown at this instant, t =0, is
(a) a direct current flows in the ammeter A (a) constant current clockwise
(b) no current flows through the ammeter A (b) varyingcurrent clockwise
(c) an alternating sinusoidal current flows through the (C) varying current counter-clockwise
ammeter Awith a time period, T =2/o (d) constant current counter-clockwise
(d) a time varying non-sinusoidal current flows through 6 The self-inductance Lof a solenoid of length land ared
the ammeter A
of cross-section A, with a fixed number of turns N,
4 There are two cols Aand Bas shown in figure. Acurrent increases as
starts flowing in B as shown, when A is moved towards B (a) land A increase
and stops. When Astops moving, the current in Bis (b)ldecreases and A increases
counter-clockwise. B is kept stationary when A moves. (c) l increases and A decreases
We can infer that (d) Bothland A decrease
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction
201

Past Exams Questions

NEET
8 A uniform magnetic field is restricted within a
1 The magnetic energy stored in an inductor of inductance region of radius r. The magnetic field changes with
4uH carrying of 2A is NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2023 time at a rate dB Loop 1 of radius R >rencloses the
(a) 4 m dt
(b) 8mJ
(c) 8 uJ (d) 4 uJ region r and loop 2 of radius R is outside the region
2 A square loop of side 1m and resistance 12placed in a of magnetic field as shown in the figure. Then, the
magnetic field of 0.5 T. If the plane of loop is emf generated is NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2016
to the direction of magnetic field, the perpendicular
the loop is
magnetic flux through
NCERT Pg. 156, NEET 2022 R
(a) 0.5 Wb (b) 1 Wb
(c) zero (d) 2 Wb
2
3Two conducting circular loops of
in the same plane with their radii R, and R, are placed (a) zero in loop 1and zero in loop 2
centres
the mutual inductance M between coinciding. If R, >> R, (b)
dB
Tr in loop 1 and dB Tr in
them will be directly dt dt
loop 2
proportional to NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2021 dB
R1 (c)
dt
TER in loop 1and zero in loop 2
(a)
R R (c) Rí (d) R dB
R2 R (d)
dt
T¯ in loop 1 and zero in loop 2
4The magnetic flux linked
with a coil (in Wb) is given by the 9 An electron moves on a straight path
equation =5t +3t + 16. The magnitude of induced emf in XY as shown.
the coil at the fourth second will
be The abcd is a coil adjacent in the path of
electron.
What will be the direction of current, if any
(a) 33 V (b) 43 V
NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2020 in the coil? induced
(c) 108 V (d) 10 V NCERT Pg. 160, AIPMT 2015
5 A cycle wheel of radius
0.5 m is rotated with constant
angular velocity of 10 rad/s in a region of magnetic b
0.1T which is perpendicular to the field of Jd
emf generated between its centre plane of the wheel. The
and the rim is
(a) 0.25 V NCERT Pg. 162, NEET 2019 X

(c) 0.5 V
(b) 0.125 V (a) abcd
(d) zero (b) adcb
6 The magnetic potential
is 25mJ when the current
energy stored in a certain inductor (c) The current will reverse
its direction as the
inductor is of inductance.
in the inductor is 60
mA. This goes past the coil electron
NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2018 (d) No current induced
(a) 1.389 H
(b) 138.88 H
(c) 0.138 H
(d) 13.89 H JEE Main
7 Along solenoid of diameter 10 Aconducting circular
metre. At the centre of the 0.1 m has 2x 10 turns per loop of radius 10/r cm is
radius 0.01 m is placed with solenoid, a coil of 100 turns and placed perpendicular to auniform magnetic
solenoid axis. The current its axis coinciding with 0.5 T. The magnetic field of
in the field
0.5 s at a steady rate. is decreased to zero in
constant rate to 0A from 4 Athein solenoid reduces at a The
the coil is 102, the 0.05 s. If the resistance
of circular loop at 0.25 s is induced emf in the
NCERT Pg. 157, JEE
during this time is total charge flowing (a) emf=5 mV Main 2023
through the coil (c) emf= 1mV (b) emf = 100 mv
NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2017
(a) 32 uC (d) emf = 10 mV
(b) 16 uC 11 The magnetic flux
(c) 32 uC
(d) 16rC its plane is varying through a coil perpendicular to
=(5t + 4t- +2t according to the relation
-5) Wb. If the
resistance of coil is
 Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 201

Past Exams Questions

NEET 8 A uniform magnetic field is restricted within a
1The magnetic energy stored in an inductor of inductance region of radius r. The magnetic field changes with
dB
4uH carry1ng of 2A is NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2023 time at a rate Loop 1of radius >rencloses the
dt
(a) 4 m/ (b) 8 mJ
(d) 4 u) region r and loop 2of radius Ris outside the region
of magnetic field as shown in the figure. Then,the
NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2016
2Asquare loop of side 1m and resistance 12 placed in a emf generated is
magnetic field of 0.5 T. Ifthe plane of loop is perpendicular
to the direction of magnetic field, the magnetic flux through
the loop is NCERT Pg. 156, NEET 2022
(a) 0.5 Wb (b) 1Wb
2
(c) zero (d) 2Wb
(a) zero in loop 1 and zero in loop 2
3Two conducting circular loops of radii R, and R, are placed dE dB
in the same plane with their centres coinciding. If R, >> Ry, (b) - r in loop 1and
dt
in loop 2
dt
the mutual inductance Mbetween them will be directly dB
proportional to NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2021 (c) -.
dt
TR? in loop 1and zero in loop 2
R.
(b (c)
Rf (d) R (d) -
dB
nr in loop 1and zero in loop 2
R R, R. dt

4The magnetic flux linked with a coil (in Wb) is given by the 9 An electron moves on a straight path XY as shown.
equation =5t' +3t +16. The magnitude of induced emf in The abcd is a coil adjacent in the path of electron.
the coil at the fourth second will be What will be the direction of current, if any induced
NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2020 in the coil? NCERT Pg. 160, AIPMT 2015
a

(a) 33 V (b) 43 V (c) 108 V (d) 10 V

5 Acycle wheel of radius 0.5 mis rotated with constant b
angular velocity of 10 rad/s in a region of magnetic field of
0.1 T which is perpendicular to the plane of the wheel. The
emf generated between its centre and the rim is X Y
NCERT Pg. 162, NEET 2019
(a) abcd
(a) 0.25 V (b) 0.125V (b) adcb
(c) 0.5 V (d) zero
(c) The Current will reverse its direction as the electron
6The magnetic potential energy stored in a certain inductor goes past the coil
is 25mJ when the current in the inductor is 60 mA. This (d) No current induced
inductor is of inductance. NCERT Pg. 165, NEET 2018
(a) 1.389H (b) 138.88 H JEE Main
(c) 0.138H (d) 13.89 H
10 Aconducting circular loop of radius 10//r cm is
7 Along solenoid of diameter 0.1 m has 2 x 10* turns per placed perpendicular to a uniform magneticfield of
metre. At the centre of the solenoid, a coil of 100 turns and 0.5 T. The magnetic field is decreased to zero in
radius 0.01 m is placed with its axis coinciding with the 0.5 sat a steady rate. The induced emf in the
solenoid axis. The current in the solenoid reduces at a circular loop at 0.25 s is NCERT Pg. 157, JEE Main 2023
constant rate to 0 A from 4 A in 0.05 s. If the resistance of (a) emf = 5 mV (b) emf = 100 mv
the coil is 10r2, the total charge flowing through the coil (c) emf = 1mV (d) emf = 10 mV
during this time is NCERT Pg. 157, NEET 2017
11 The magnetic flux through a coil perpendicular to
(b) 16 uC
its plane is varying according to the relation
(a) 32 nuC = (5t + 4t +2t -5) Wb. If the resistance of coil is
(c) 32 uC (d) 16 uC
202 Master the NCERT Physics
52, then the induced current through the coil at t =2 s
will be NCERT Pg. 157, JEE Main 2022
(a) 156 A (b) 166 A (c) 17.6 A (d) 18.6 A
12 The arm PQ ofarectangle conductor is moving from B>R,
X =0to x =2b outwards and then inwards from x =2b
to x =0 as shown in the figure. A uniform magnetic field
perpendicular to the plane is acting from x =0 to x = b. Two resistors R and R, are connected across the ende
ldentify the graph showing the variation of different of the rails. There is uniform magnetic field Bpointing
quantities with distance. NCERT Pg. 162, JEE Main 2021 into the page. An external agent pulls the bar to the lef
at a constant speed v.
The correct statement about the directions of
induced
currents , and I, flowing through R and R, respectively
is
(a) both,and l, are in anti-clockwise direction.
(b) both h and I, are in clockwise direction.
X=0 X=b
(c) , is in clockwise direction and I, is in anti-clockwise
X=26
direction.
(d) I, is in clockwise direction and I, is in clockwise
direction.
14 Acoil is placed in a magnetic field B as shown below.
NCERT Pg. 160, JEE Main 2021
Induced
X=0 Coil, Current
26 B

(a) A-flux, B-power dissipated, C-emf

(b) A-power dissipated, B-flux,C-emf A current is induced in the coil because B is
(c) A-flux, B-emf, C-power dissipated
(a) outward and decreasing with time
(d) A-emf,B-power dissipated, C-flux
(b) parallel to the plane of coil and decreasing with time
13A conducting bar of length Lis free to slide on two (c) outward and increasing with time
parallel conducting rails as shown in the figure. (d) parallel to the plane of coil and increasing with time
NCERT Pg. 162, JEE Main 2021

Skill Boosters
1A semicircular piece of 2 PQ is an infinite current carrying conductor. AB and CD
wire is rotated about a
are smooth conducting rods on which a conductor EF
point P (as shown) with moves with constant velocity v as shown in the figure.
angular velocity o about The force needed to maintain constant speed of EF is
x |X =30°
an axis passing through P P
and perpendicular to Atwtc
plane of wire. Amagnetic
field of constant magnitude B exists in the region
parallel to axis of rotation.
Potential difference between ends of wires (A and B) is
(a)o R 2 BoR?
2
(b) (c) 2BoR2 (d) BooR?
4
Megter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 203

(a)
14v Wire segment EF is connected such that
2n
EB - FC 0.5 m. Resistance per metre length of wire is
1
in 12/[Link] in segment EF is A
(d) 11p
Find the value of p.
3Aresearch assOCiate requires an air-core solenoid with
(a) 5 (b) 3
self-inductance of1H onthe outside of ahollow plastic (c) 2 (d) 7
tube 12 cm in diameter. Such a solenoid is not available
in the market. So, the associate decided to make the 7Awire loop enclosing a semicircle of radius R is located
solenoid using acopper wire of diameter 0.81 mm. on the boundary of a uniform magnetic field B. At the
Now, help the associate in shopping different items. momentt =0, the loop is set into rotation with constant
angular acceleration a about an axis O. The clockwise
Plastic tubes are available in following sizes. Pick size emf direction is taken to be positive.
most suitable for the requirement, so that wastage is
minimum. OB
(a) 100 m (b) 75 m (c) 50 m (d) 25 m
4 In figure shown,the rod has aresistance R, the
horizontal rails have negligible friction. Abattery of emf
Eand negligible internal resistance is connected
between points a and b. The rod is initially at rest.
X X

The variation of emf as a function of time is

X X

induced R
X

X X

The force on the rod as a function of the speed v

(where, t= mR/B'1 is
(a) -e) (b)
3E E
2 BI-(1-et)
(C (d) 2 B ( 1 - e )
8 The figure shows certain wire segments joined together
5The magnetic field in a region is given by to form a coplanar loop. The loop is placed in a
perpendicular magnetic field in the direction going into
B=a,(1+[Link] loop of edge length d is the plane of the figure. The magnitude of the field
placed with its edge along the X- axis and Y-axis. The increases with time. h and , are the currents in the
loop is moved with aconstant velocity v =Voi. The emf segments ab and cd. Then,
induced in the loop at t =0 is X

XX X

(b)

(c) vo Bo d (d) zero

X

6A square wire frame ABCDof side 1 m is placed in a

region of changing magnetic field whose magnitude is
decreasing at a constant rate of 1 T/S.
X

A
(a) /, >h
(b) (, <h
(c) /, is the direction ba and I, is in the direction cd
D (d) /, is the direction ab and I, is in the direction dc
204 Master the NCERT Physics Vol
9 Two metallic rings A and 8, identical in shape and size (a) pA>Pg and m, = mg (b) pA <p and m > ma
but having different resistivities pa and pg are kept on (c) PA >Pe and mA > mg (d) pa < Pa and m < m¡
top of two identical solenoids as shown in the figure. 10 Asquare loop of side 2 cm is
When current / is switched ON in both the solenoids in
placed in region of a magnetic
identical manner, then rings Aand Bjump toheights ha field, directed out of plane of
and h, respectively. with h, > hg. paper, with magnitude B= 4ty,
A where y is measured in metres
with respect to the coordinate
axes as shown in the figure.
Induced emf in the loop at t =25s is
(a) 8 x10Vanti-clockwise
(b) 8 x10Sv clockwise
(c) 4 x10-V anti-clockwise
The possible relation(s) between their resistivities and (d) 4 x10-V clockwise
their masses ma and m¡ is(are)

Correct Codes
Topical Questions
1 () 2 (c) 3 (d) 4 (d) 5 (d) 6 (a) 7 (c) 8 (C) 9 (c) 10
11 (b) 12 (d) 13 (b) 14 (c) 15 (b) 16 (b) 17 (d) 18 (d) 19 (a) 20 (a)
21 (b) 22 (b) 23 (a) 24 (d) 25 (c) 26 (a) 27 (b) 28 (b) 29 (c) 30 (a)
31 (b) 32 (b) 33 (c) 34 (a) 35 (a) 36 (b) 37 (c) 38 (c) 39 (b) 40 (0)
41 (b) 42 (b) 43 (C) 44 (c) 45 (b) 46 (c) 47 (c) 48 (c) 49 (a) 50 (c)
51 (c) 52 (a) 53 () 54 (a) 55 (c) 56 (c) 57. (c) 58 (a) 59 (a) 60 (a)
61 (d) 62 (b) 63 (b) 64 (c) 65 (d) 66 (a) 67 (b) 68 (d) 69 (a) 70 (a)
71 (c) 72 (a) 73 (a) 74 (a) 75 (b) 76 (b) 77 (c) 78 (b) 79 (b) 80 (a)
81 (d) 82 (c) 83 (c) 84 (d) 85 (b) 86 (a) 87 (b) 88 (c) 89 (b) 90 (d)
91 (c) 92 (d) 93 (c) 94 (d) 95 (a) 96 (d)
Assertion and Reason Questions
1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 (a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 8 (a) 9 (a) 10 (a)
Statement Based Questions
1 (0) 2 (c) 3 (b) 4 (d) 5 (d) 6 (d) 7 (a) 8 (c)
Matching Type Questions
1 (b) 2 (b) 3 ()
Numerical Type Questions
1 (4) 2 (60) 3 (16) 10 (28)
4 (12) 5 (50) 6 (400) 7 (18) 8 (75) 9 (400)
NCERT Exemplar Questions
1 (c) 2 (b) 3 (b) 4 (d) 5 (a) 6 (b)
Past Exams Questions
1 (C) 2 (a) 3 (d) 4 (d) 5 (b) 6 (d) 7 (c) 8 (c) 9 (c) 10 (d)
11 (a) 12 (c) 13 (c) 14 (a)
Skill Boosters
10 (b)
1 (0) 2 (a) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5 (a) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8 (0) 9 (d)
 Step by Step
Decoding the Questions
Concept Builders 6 (a) Using Eq. (), we get
1false () (1000 - 500)× 10 x56 x 10-4
E=
5
2 Faraday's law
- 56x 10 V-56uV
3conservation of energy 60
10 () Given, = 3" -2",
4True () 5 True () n=+ve constant

6 True () 7 True (M =BA Cos 0

.:.The induced emf in the coil is

8 decrease 9 False (F) 1

x 0.2)x cos 60° lel= dtdo_(3e
dt
-2) =3nt-l
10 not possible 1
1 If0<n<1, then e0 and |e| ;
11 same 12 True (T) -(0.2)² x=0.02
2 Wb
13 True (D) 14 N' If n=1, then e =3 x 1x t
7() Given, B=Bo (3i +3j -4k) T =3= constant
B, =(38, i) T
1s hat 16 1
or B, =(38,) T= component of B
If n>1, then lelc t, ie. Je increase
with time.
17 resistance of coil along area A
Area of the square, A=a (m') 11 (b)The emf induced in the coil is
18 L=L +L,-2M
Magnetic flux, e =BAcos 0 e= de - -2t +10
19 reduce 20 False (F) dt
, =(B cos 0)A
= (component of Balong A) A -t' -t-2)
Topical Questions 8 (magnitude of magnetic flux) .The induced current in the coil is
4 (d) The total magnetic flux through
XY-plane is =B, A=3Ba (Tm') =3 Boa² Wb i-e-(t-t-2)
=0
R 20
=BACos 0 8(c) Magnetic flux, =BA COS0
Normal to ’ -t -2 =0
=BA Cos 90° [::BLAJ Y top surface t=2s
=0
/60°
10 cm
10cm 12 (d) The magnitude of induced emf
5 (d) We are given with following 74 cm
-’X
is independent of the resistance of
situation, the coil.
9 cm
60 Nd
Infinite plane .". e=-do dt =- (BA)
containing coil dt

Coil carrying .=02 x (10 x 10 x10) x cos 60° Thus,e depends upon N, Band A.
Current
=10 Wb =1.0m-Wb But induced current depends
Field lines upon R.
9 (c) Induced emf in the loop,
13 (b) Given, R=1O2, =20 Wb,
, =30 Wb
At =5 ms =5x 10s
A=Area of loop
The charge flowing through the
=Area of rectangle- Area circuit is
From the diagram of field lines, of two triangles
magnetic flux entering from coil is AQ =
equal and opposite to the flux
linked with infinite plane.
-{6x4-2*4x2]an' R
30 -20
-1C
-56 x 10 m? 10
So,
 Master the NCERT
206 PhysicsVal
15 (b) Magnitude of induced emf, 19 (a) Magnitude of induced emf of
d 22 (b) Induced emf, el =
l dt dt
(3t' + 4t +9) coil, dt
dt We know that,
i= dq
-6t + 4
At t=2s, |E
lt = 2
-6 x2 + 4 -16 V
dt
16 (6) Induced current, = -100t|,=2 =200 V (from Eq. 9),
Current in the coil,
Il6|_ 200 -0.5 A
R R 400

dÙ = IRdt 20 (a) From Faraday's law, induced

For N-turns, q = Nos(BA)
R
$=[IRdt emf,
Here, R is constant. dÙg qR = NBA
dt qR_2.0x 10x80
=R[ ldt B=
NA
|7-dt = Area under It graph (BA COs 45°) 40x 4.0x 104
1 dt = 1.0 WVb m
-;x10x 0s A dB
dB
W2 dt 23 (a) =0.02 Ts-1
=100 >x 25 dt
=250 Wb
10-2 0.1 =-1 mV dÙs dB
X
=A
-J2 0.7 dt dt
17 () Initial flux through the coil,
Magnitude of current [:e = BA and A is a constant
B(Gnitia) =BAcos ,
_le_1mV =1.0 mA =50 x10x 0.02= 104 v
-30 x 10x (1x 10-) x cos 0° R 12
=3x 10 Wb Power dissipated in the form of
21 (b)The initial magnetic flux is E 104x 104
Final flux after the rotation, about heat:
R
its vertical diameter through 180o
= 0.5x 10-8 W
is given as
45 - 5x 109 w
B (final) =BA cos 0,
W = 5nW
=3.0x 10x (x 10) x cos 180°
=-3rx 10- Wb Loop 24 (d) Let s be the magnitude of emf
induced in the loop, then
A, = 8inal)-8 (initial)
=(-37 -3r) × 10- Wb doed(B A)=B dA
OR =BA cos 0 dt dt dt
=-6x 10- Wb =03 x 0.05 0.015 V
Therefore, estimated value of the : =010x 10x cos 45°
0.10x 10-2 or [ =1.5 x 10- y
induced emf is Wb
V2 .:. Heat produced in the coil
E=-NA 500 10-3 (15 x 10)2
At H=P=
Wb R 1.5
x (-6nx 10- )/0.25
= 3.8x 10-3 v =150 x 10-6 W
Final flux, Gmin =0
18 ().. Induced emf, Induced emf, 26 (a) x X

doa =-(3 + 3) =-3t2 -3 |A8|_|(Q; -0)|

dt At
X
x X
At t =0, [=-3V 10-3
= 1.0 mV
The above equation is in the form J2x 0:70
of y = ax + b, which represents
and the magnitude of the current is X
the equation of parabola not 1.0 mV
passing through origin. =2 mA
R 0.5 Q
Chapter 08 ElectromagnetieInduction 207

As the irregular shaped 46 (c) The induced ernf between tip of

conducting loop is slowly Bol' 05x 400 ×1
nose and tail of helicopter is given
changing into a circular loop. So - 100 V by
magnetic field associated with the e=B,vl =5x 10x 100 10 - 5V
loop increases. By Lenz's law, an 40 ()
anti-clockwise current is induced in 47 (c).. Induced ernf, -Bvl
the loop to oppose the change in -2x 105 x 72 x 1=04 mV
magnetic flux through the coil. 18

2(b) When the north pole of the 48 (c) The induced potential gradient
magnet is brought towards one Bvl
=Bv
end of the coil, then the induced A
current flows in the coil insuch a The induced emf between points O =0.30x 10-x 4.0- 0.012 Vm
direction, So as to oppose the -12 x 10'ym-!
and A is
motion of the north pole of the
49 (a) Let us consider the forward
magnet towards the coil. Thus 2 motion from x =0 to x =2b. The
direction of induced current is flux , linked with the circuit SPOR
anti-clockwise as shown below. The induced emf between points O
and B is is O =Blx, 0sx<b
The induced emf is
-Bo'
2 do, BL
S dt t
C D
:The induced emf between two
ends of the rod is =-Blv, 0sx<b
Va -V =(Vo -V,)-(Mo -V) This is because, both , and e are
33 (c) By Lenz's law, the 1 1 zero for b<x s2b, as Bis zero for
direction of induced Bul'-Bal' =0 X>b.
current in the loop will N
be anti-clockwise, 41 (b) The induced emf in a moving 51 (c) The emf induced between A
because the induced rod in a uniform magnetic field is and Bas shown below is given by
current makes the ring, given by X X

X
X

X
X X

A X
X

X
X

x
a magnetic dipole with its N-pole e=Bvlecl
upward which opposes (repel) the As, (4, =ly)>l, =;) O90
x X x X
----->
N-pole of falling magnet. .:: (e =e,) >(e, =e,)
X

x X x x

37 (c) The potential difference across 42 (b) The magnetic force Fon the X
B
the ends of the wire is electron of the conductor is X

e= (vx B) -1| F=-ev x B [= BV(AB)

:.The direction of force F is given InAAOB, AB = AO +BO²
.:. VxB=1 1 2 by -ixk=kxí=j
04 3 Hence, the electron willflow from
Bto Ain the conducting rod and &=Bvv2)-2Bv
-(-si -3j+ 4k) the end A
of the rod becomes
52 (a) h=l-Lcos »h=L(1- cos 0)
. e=(-si-3j+4k)-| negatively charged.
=-3|=3V 44 (c) The induced emf is given by
d
Lcos 0
38 (c) The induced emf across the dt
radius of the disc is given by -Blv A
1
e=BuR8(2nf)R =nBfR dt
The induced emf Blv is called
m

=Tx (0.1) x (10) × (0.1)² motional emf.

=IX 10-y
45 (b) Induced emf across the ends of v' =u'+2gh
39 (b)The emf induced between the wire, [ =By lv v=2gh =2gl (1 - cos )
centre and the ring is - 0.30x 10x 20x 5.0=3 mV v=2/gl sin 9/2
208
Master the NCERT Physics Vol

Thus, maximum emf induced, 64 (c) The induced emf in the coil ic
= BoVo x
Emax =Bvl
=Bx 2/gl (sin 9/2)L 58 (a) Induced emf produced is given
e
=2BL (sin e/2) (gL)/2 by [ =Bly = 0.4 x 0.25x 5 =0.5 V

53 (b) de = Bvdr Current through the 52 resistance,

0.5 (10 -2)
i -0.1 A ’ 3.20 =Lx
Hence,
e=fde -[,Bvdr R 5 0.1

- [Bordr According to Lenz's law,when the L=0.04 H

rod PQ moves towards right, the 65 (d) Applying Kirchhoffs voltage
BoR? induced current should flow in a
direction, so that the rod PQ
law from point P to Q.
2 d
experiences force towards left. V, -10 IR -L =Vo
dt
0=2rv =2rx 50 rad s According to Fleming's left hand
1
[=x 1x 2nx 50 x (1)2 rule, then the current through the .. Vp - =10 + /R + dt
2 rod PQwill flow from end Q to P,
=157V i.e., from end R to S through the Current at t =2s,
resistance of 5N. l= (2 x2+3) =7A
54 (a) Induced emf, s=(/2) aBR? di
1 62 (b) A steady state, the inductor Rate of current at t =2s, -2A
2
-oHR (:2 rev in 1sec) behaves as a closed circuit. So, the
dt

given circuit diagram can be From Eqg (), we get

0=2rv=4n rad /s redrawn as Vp -Vo =10 +7x 4 +2x2
.. e=(1/2) x 4x 0.4 x 10x(0.5)2 = 42 V
=6.28x 10-5 V 8V 4Q
66 (a) The current induced for N turns
55 (c) in the coilis
e
A(No) A(MI)
Bvl
At At
R1s =M
MI
t
The current through the inductor is
1_8
=2A ..The enmf induced per unit turn in
R 4 the coil is
The net current through the MI
Connector is :.The magnetic energy stored in
the inductor is N Nt
Bvl 2x 2x 1
i=
RR +r
6x3
+2 U==x
2 10x10x2x2 67 (b) The mutual inductance of the
coil is
R + Rz 6+3
=20 mJ M= HoNA
=1A
.. Force exerted on the connector is 63 (b) The magnetic energy stored in
the inductor is The induced emf in the coil is
F=Bil =2 x 1x 1=2 N
56 (c) X

X X

’ 32 =jxLx(4)2
,
X

L= 4H
-("MNA|()
37° (4nx10- x 2000 ×300
X
The rate of heat dissipation in the x 12 x 10-3
resistor is 0.3
X X
Up =I'R»320 =(4) x R
X
oSin3 X
R =20n 2-(-2)

The induced emf developed across ..The time constant of the circuit is 025

the ends of the rod is given by t=

4
=0.2s 48 x 10-V =48 mV
e =Bvl =Bo(Vo sin 37°). L R 20
Dhapter066Electromagnetic Induction
209

8()The emf across inductor is

Mpo - Mop
e =L-5x (-2)| =10V Notoe .:. Area of equilateral triangle,
dt
The equivalent circuit can be A=
4
redrawn is =x
3
103
R=102 =0667 x 10-3
=667 x 10-4 Wb
e=10 H E=10 V
77 (c) Mutual inductance for a coaxial
Applying Kirchhoff's law from solenoid of radii r, and r, and a
point A to B, number of turns n, and n, :. Self-inductance,
Va -IR+e -E =V respectively is given as,
Va-V =IR-e, +E M=#on, Tr l(for internal coil
=2x 10 -10 + 10 of radius r)
=20 V Self-inductance for the internal Here, l=3a xN
69 (a) The self-inductance of a coil is coil, l =Mon t 5 3aN or L« a
M
NÍ NBA N olN
2r Then, d =3a
-HoæN'r 78 (b) When coil is open, =0. or L' =27L
2 ci ’ =li 83 (c) Flux through the solenoid is
.. L«N'r where, Lis proportionality constant
known as self-inductance. =,o
L==0 =600 x 4nx 10 x 50
103)2x3
Again, since i=0, hence x 50x r (75x 6x 10-1
Rk = 00

:. 4 =2L, =2L = 1.66 mWb

73 (a) As, a =MBA'A 79 (b) The emf induced in the coil is 84 (d) Emf produced in first coil is
e 10-2
=5 x103H
given by negative and the emf produced in
MBA = 2 second coil is positive. The net
dt inductance is
When la =1A, a MAB8 |el =2x 10-x 20 x10- V
= (5x 10 H) (1 A) = 40 V L=-L+L2
-5 x 10 Wb
80 (a).. Induced emf in inductor is L=-9+l=0
74 (a) Magnetic flux linked with coil A, lel=L=10 x1x 10-3
A =BA =Bu dt 86 (o) E2
A =2x 104 V
2R
81 (d) The emf induced in a coil is
A = MI Ai Now, induced emf in a coil is
given by, e=-L At
Horr?
2R dt
2R
60 x10-x1-=-0.3 V
Here, e =25 V,
0.2
75 (b) dl =h-h=(25-10) =15 A
Induced current,
and dt =1s
i 0 3 = 0.1 A 15 25
R 3 25 =Lx or L-=5/3H
1
82 (c) Self-inductance of a coil is Putting values of L, ,and I, in
given by the relation Eg. (0), we get
210 Master the NCERT Physics Va.
Nix Bx 4A, x 0 2 (c) Emf will always induces
23 x (25 -10)
AE
2 whenever, there is change in
1 magneticflux. The current will
x 525 =2x (initial emf)
23 =2x 100=200 V induced only in closed loop.
AE = 437.5 J Therefore, Assertion is correct but
(:, =2r,A, =4A) Reason is incorrect.
87 (b) The magnetic energy is
1 93 () Alternating emf induced is 3 (c) Presence of magnetic flux
[ = Eo Ssin ot
2 cannot produce current.
Maximum current,
Since, for a solenoid, B =honl and EoNBAa
Therefore, Assertion is correct but
L=#onAI Reason is incorrect.
R R
B A= r= 0.3) m, 4 (d) Lenz's law is based on
R=2 conservation of energy and
1 200 -1 induced emf always oppOses the
B'AL v=200rpm = cause of its production, ie. change
60
24o 200 in magnetic flux.
and w=2r
90 () Emf induced in the coil, 60 Therefore, Assertion is incorrect
E=200 sin 100t
.. o =
1x 10- x n(03) x 2x 200 but Reason is correct.
Comparing with standard equation 60 x ? 7 (c) The self-inductance of a
E= Eo Sin ot, we get =6x 10 A =6mA solenoid is given by
Eo =200, o=100 94 (d) If[ is the emf induced in the
": BANo= E0 coil, then
d
B=
[ = (NAB Cos ot) Number of turns, N = Constant
dt dt
ANo
d
200 E =-NAB cosot)
(0.25x 0.25) x 1000× 100 Tn Also, induced emf, e =L
dl
=-NAB (-sin ot) o dt
=0.01 T
E= NAB osin ot
.:.The slope of induced emfe
91 (c) Since, coil rotates half Emax = E =NABox 1 versus rate of change of current
revolution per second, hence gives the self-inductanceL
frequency of rotation of coil, Therefore,[ would be maximum,
1 hence current is maximum (as
=0.5 Hz io = Eo/R) when 0=90°, i.e., Therefore, Assertion is correct but
1 2 Reason is incorrect.
normal to plane of coil is
Emf induced,
E= Eo Sin ot = NBAosin ot
perpendicular to the field or plane 8 (a) If the inner solenoid is much
of coil is parallel to magnetic field. shorter than (and placed well inside)
Emax = E =NVBAo (: sin ot =1) the outer solenoid, then the flux
= NBA (2v) [::0=2] Assertion and Reason linkage N can stillbe calculated.
= 100x 0.01x 0.10x 2x 3.14x 0.5 Questions It is because the inner solenoid is
= 0.314V effectively immersed in a uniform
1(b) When the circular conducting magnetic field due to the outer
The maximum voltage is 0.314 V. coil is parallel to magnetic field,
92 (d) Induced emf, then 0 -90° solenoid.
Therefore, Assertion and Reason
[= Eo sin ot = NVBA sin ot .:. Magnetic flux, are correct and Reason is the
Initially, =BAcos =BAcos0°=0
Correct explanation of Assertion.
Peak value, & = N,BA, o =100V Also, oc A, So, magnetic flux can
Here, be changed by changing area of a 9 (a) In asystem of co-axialdifficult to
solenoids, it extremely
2 rx 100 =2 nr, x N, (given) coil. calculate the flux linkage with the
x100 1× 100
N, =50 N Therefore, Assertion and Reason
Outer solenoid when current
floWs
2 2 are correct but Reason is not the in inner solenoid.
Finally, Eo = N8Az0 correct explanation of Assertion.
 Chapter06 ElectromagnetieeInduction 211

tis because the magnetic field Heat produced during t =0tot =2s,
due to the inner solenoid wOuld Matching Type Questions 2
vary across the length as well as 1(b) At t= 0.01s,
croSs-Section of the outer solenoid 8x 103 =0.8V
(when inner solenoid is smaller in lel= 2 8 16,
0.01
length and radius). ile_ 0.8
93 27
=0.16A X =16
Therefore, Assertion and Reason 5
are correct and Reason is the Aq =iAt =0.16 x 0.01 4 (12) As per question, flux through
correct explanation of Assertion. =1.6 x10c the loop increase according to
10(a) The self-induced emf is also =16mC Oa(t) =10t + 20t ...0)
called the back emf as it opposes At t=0.02 s, dÙ
Induced emf, le= dt
any change in the current in a 8x 103
circuit. Physically, the lel= -= 0.4V; =(20t + 20) mV
0.02
self-inductance plays the role of 20t + 20
Current, i = l e i
inertia. It is an electromagnetic iel
R
0.08 A R 10
analogue of mass in mechanics. Aq =iAt=0.08x 0.03 ’i=(2t+2) mA
Therefore, Assertion and Reason ..Current, i =(2 x 5 +2) mA
are correct and Reason is the =2.4 x10C=24 mC
i=12 mA
correct explanation of Assertion. 2(b) Induced emf, e=Bvl
Induced current, /=e /R=Bvl/R 5(50) Magnetic field, B=02 T
Statement Based Questions Force on conductor PQ, Expansion in the radius of loop
2 (0) When the plane of the coil is F=/Bl sin 90°=
Blv =2 mm/s =2x 10- m/s
parallel to magnetic field, then R R
0=90° B12 X X X X X

:.Flux, =B- Acos 0 Power delivered, P =F.v=: X X X X X

= BACos90°=0
The flux can be changed by Numerical Type Questions X

changing the magnetic field B. 1 (4).. m = tan 0= X X X X X

Therefore, Statementl is false but X X X X X

Statement Il is true. B = mtB=2t

dA dr
3 (b) Induced emf does not depend do Thus, - 2Tr
e= dt dt
on the nature of the coil. Hence, dt
BdA
the induced emf in both copper e=
d(BA) A(dB) emf induced, e=|
dt dt dt dt
and aluminium coil is same.
Therefore, Statement Iis true but e=
2d (2t) =2x2
dt dt
Statement Il is false.
e=4 mV l,=2x 10-2
7 (a) An AC generator is based on =02 x2x IX 2x 10x2x 103
A_2NBA
principle of electromagnetic 2 (60) AQ=
induction. The current produces by R R =50 V
an AC generator changes both in 2x 200x 15 x24 x 104 6 (400)
magnitude and direction 24
periodically. =6x 10-2C = 60 mC Induced emf, e =At dt
Therefore, Statement Iand AV 30 ×103x 20x 106
Statement Il are false. 3(16):.Magnetic flux, =(4-) e =|:
R At 15 x100
8 (c) Mutual inductance between a e= 400V
pair of coils depend on the relative dt
orientation of coils. Therefore, 7(18) Force on rod is given by
Statement I is false but Statement
Il is true. F=
212 Master the NCERT Physies va
Substituting values, we get NCERT Exemplar Questions are emanating towards coil A
(015)°(1²) x8 When coilA is rotating at t =0 a
1(c) A=Lk constant current in clockwise
10 ¢=B-A =Bo (2i + 3 + 4k).k
- 18 x 10- N
direction (by Lenzs law) fiow in A
= 4B,L-Wb due to constant change in flux
8 (75) Given,angular speed of 2 (b) 6 (b) The self-inductance of a lonn
metallic rod,
180 D
(0. L, 0) solenoid of crosS-sectional areaA
-2rx rad/s =6n rad/s C (L,L,0) and length l, having nturns per
60
(0. L, L) E unit length, filled the inside of the
The emf induced between the >X solenoid with a material of relative
centre and the ring, A B (L, 0, 0)
1 F
(0, 0, 0) permeability (e.g. soft iron,which
e-Bol =x 02 x6nx (02)² Z (0, 0, L) has a high value of relative
=B-A permeability) is given by
=0.075 V= 75 mV
A,=k L=p,#on'AL
9 (400) Given, a=1000 cm, b =1cm A, =12i where, n=N/l
.:: Total area, A A, + Az L= HHoN'A
-k +1î
So, the self-inductance Lincreases
and B= Bo(i + k) T asl decreases and A increases.
Now, =B-A
=B,(i + k)-( k+i) Past Exams' Questions
- 2B,' Wb 1 (c) Stored magnetic energy.

b<<a
3 (b) When cylindrical bar magnet is
rotated about its axis as shown
U-u
2
1
We will take larger coil as primary below, no change in flux linked with .. U=x 4x 10-6 x 22 =8x10
BHoW the circuit takes place consequently,
2a no emf induces and hence no =8 uJ
Flux passing through secondary current flows through the ammeter
A. 2 (a) Side of square loop, a =1m
coil, ..Area of square loop, A =1 m
, =BA= HoN x rb x n Axis
Resistance of square loop, R=2
2a
Magnetic field, B -05T
Mutual inductance, Bar .Magnetic flux passing through
MPs magnet the loop,
=BA cos 9 =0.5 x 1x cos 0°
M= HoNn nb? =0.5 Wb
20
4nx 10- x 20 3(d).Since, both conducting circuld
loops are in same plane and the
M=
x100 ×nX1x 10-4 4 () When the Astops moving, the centres are coinciding.
2x 1000 x10-2 current in B become zero, it possible Mi ..
only if the current in A is constant in Hence, magnetic flux, =
=4 x 109
the counter-clockwise direction. Here, M is the mutual inductance
or M= 400 x 10-10 H(using -10) If the current in A
would be Also, the magnetic flux, =BA
10 (28)=y-IR
Ldi
-10 =Va
variable, there must be an induced Here, B is the magnetic field ana
inner
dt emf (current) in B even, if the A (A= RS)is the area of the
stops moving. loop. If the current pass'y
Va -V =2 x 12 + 3(-2) + 10 circular
then
VA -Va =24 -6+ 10 through the outer loop is i,
5 (a) When the current in B (at t = 0)
VA -Va =28V is counter- clockwise,then B is the magneticfield,
AV =28 V equivalent to north pole of 8Hol

magnet and magnetic field lines 2R,

 213

Magnetic flux, = BA
(25 x10)=xLx (60x 103 10 (d) In 0.5 s, magnetic field of 0.5 T
2R, ..(0) 2 becomes zero.
2x 25x 10- 500 So, rate of decay of magnetic field,
Comparing Eqs. (0) and (ii), we aget 3600 x 106 36 AB 0-05
=-1T/s
M=Q TR or L=13.89 H 05
2R,
7 (c) Given, diameter of solenoid, (Negative sign shows field is
Thus, the mutual inductance is 2r =0.1 m (r is radius) reducing)
directly proportional to the Number of turns, N=2x 10 turns Hence, magnetic field at 0.25 s will
R. be
per metre
AB B -B;
4(d) Magnetic flux linked with col Number of turns of coil =100 turns =-1T/s’ =-1
025 0.25
=(5t +3t +16) Wb Radius =0.01 m
or B, =0.5 -025 =025 T
Magnitude of induced emf, Resistance of the coil =10 Q
do d So, magnitude of induced emf in
e=(5t
dt| dt +3t +16) dt
coil at t =025 s will be
d dB
=10t +3 N do A
dt dt
R dt
Fort =3 s, AB
N
e =10 x3+3 =33 V d =dÙ
Fort = 4 s, 0.25 10
Aq=
N (A¢)
e =10 x4+3 =43 V R 0.25
:.Induced emf in coil at the fourth (AMtotal
Aq= =10-2V =10 x10- V
second is given as R
E =10 mV
e=e4 -e, = 43 -33 =10 V NBA Honirr?
R R 11 (a)..Induced emf,
5(b) Induced emf is given by
Putting above values, we get e= dÙ =15t- + 8t + 2
e=Bor? .)
4nx 10 x 100 x n(0001)
dt
At t=2s,
& 1012
e=(15 x2) +(8x 2) +2 =78 V
=10rad s-1 =32 uC We have,e = IR
8 (c) Induced emf in the region is Induced current,
I f=0.5m given by lel =do
dt
le78

=1S.6 A
5
where, =BA = rB
y r 2 dB 12 (c) As the rectangular conductor
dt dt moves in field area, so flux is
Axis
increasing up to x =b, then flux is
Substituting these values in Eq. 0). Rate of change of magnetic flux generated on return journey from
we get associated with loop 1 X =b tox=0. The flux is shown by
1 dB
e =x01x 10 x(0.5) e = plot A
of the graph.
2 dt dt
As emf,e =- do which is shown by
1 Similarly, e, = emf associated with dt
==0.125 V loop 2 do, =0 (: =) Curve B.
dt
o(a) As, the expression for energy and power dissipated, P =V which
stored in an inductor is given as 9 (c) First current develops in is shown by curve C.
direction of abcd but when
13 (c) Considering this, it can be
electron moves away,then concluded that /, is the clockwise
Substituting the given values in magnetic field inside loop direction and l, is in the
above eguation., we get decreases and current changes its anti-clockwise direction and the
direction.
effective circuit with the directions
 Master the NCERT
214 Physics
of and lh can be shown as Induced emf, E-Blv
=e mR
follows. .. ) E
2n E
Power dissipated
Speed of a rod, v=(1-ethy
mR
where, T=
R
Also, power = Fv 5 (a) Magnetic field at side ().
14(a) As the induced current is VR
B, =B
anti-clockwise means it forms
N-pole on outward face. Putting the value of Efrom Eq. (0,
we get
According to the Lenz's law, the 3
induced current always opposes
the nature by which it is produced. e
Hence, induced current is in the 3(c)L= HoN'A =Mgn'A|=Ho4l 4
outward direction, so the strength +X
of N-pole is maintained as it is
Induced emf in (1),
decreasing.
e =BoVod
Skill Boosters 1x (0.81x 102 46 m
Magnetic field at side (2).
1 () B
4x10 xnx (0.06) B, =Bo
So, a 50 m long tube is most
suitable. Induced emf in (2),
4(a) The current of the battery at
any instant,
l=
E Induced emf in (3) and (4) willbe
Let emfs induced in lengths PA R zero.

and PB are E, and E, then The magnetic force due to this oV,
potential difference between Net emf, e =e, -e,
current,
points A
and C is|E,-E,! 6 (c) Induced emf in loops AEFD and
Now, effective lengths of wires are R EBCF will be
do dB
4=AP =2Rsin This force accelerates the rod from
=A dt
rest. Then, motional emf dt
developed in the rod is Bl. =1x 1x 1=1V
and I, =BP
dB
So, induced current across the rod, =0.5x1x1
Blv dt
-2Rcos fnduced = R =0.5 V
6, and , both are in
So. E, -E2l=zBo The magnetic force due to
induced current,
anti-clockwise sense. Considering
resistances of wire loops, we have
4R° sin-4R'
2
cos? induced =nduced ·Bl =
R 0.5
Then, net force acting on a rod 19
dv
-2BoR cos Fg -Finduced =m dt
1 EBI B'1v
=2BoR² x =BoR?
R R dt
12 0.5 2
2 (a) Induced emf dv et

mR By using KVL, we have

Ja
Moxvdx
BV dx Ja 2rx
Chapter 06 Electromagnetic Induction 215

3i +i=1 ...i) revolution as compared to the Hence, v>V, (asv=2gh)

2i, -i=0.5 ...() previous half revolution. When pa <pala >’h>h, is
On solving these equations, we 8() Magnetic field® passing from fulfilled only when my = mg
get the closed loop is increasing. Ifpa <pa, then l > l, this can be
1 fulfilled if ma S mg.
i=A
22
Therefore, from Lenz's law induced
current will produce dot magnetic 10 (6) As some instant t, flux linked
p=2 field. Hence, induced current is with a strip with coordinate y is
anti-clockwise. dÙ =Bldy =4It'y dy
7() Time taken to complete second
half revolution X
where, I= length of side of square
b
|4n 2 loop.
Va X So, total flux linked with the square
We see that t, <t,. X X loop is
We can write induced emf as X X

X X X
Hence, induced emf in the loop is
9 () Induced emf, e= dt
where, n =1,2,3,...is the number dt dt
of half revolutions completed by For identical rings, induced emf .. [ att=2.5 s
loop. Smaller time will be taken to will be same. =8 x 105vclockwise
complete the second half But current will be different.
Given,