Professional Documents
Culture Documents
REPORT
KIIT College of Engineering ,Gurgaon
SUBMITTED BY:-
ADITYA KUMAR
ELECTONICS AND
COMMUNICATION
5th Semester
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd
Metro Bhawan
Fire Brigade Lane,Barakhamba Road,
New Delhi-110001
Absentee Statement
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I acknowledge, my thanks Mr Madan Pal,( )for the training in this exercise which is being
done for the first time. I am thankful to Mr. Mukesh Kumar, and his staff, for their active
technical and administrative support.
I would also like to thank, Mr, Safal , Mr. Fahim khan, Mr. Ajay kumar & Mr. Tarun for
helping me to clarify technical doubts and queries, and being patient with me and my overly
inquisitive behaviour.
Planning for the metro started in 1984, when the Delhi Development
Authority and the Urban Arts Commission came up with a proposal for developing a
multi-modal transport system for the city. The Government of India and the
Government of Delhi jointly set up the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) in
1995.Construction started in 1998, and
The first section, on the Red Line, opened in 2002,
Followed by the Yellow Line in 2004,
The Blue Line in 2005, its branch line in 2009,
The Green and Violet Lines in 2010 and
The Delhi Airport Metro Express in 2011.
A company under the name DMRC was registered on 30.05.1995 under the
companies act for construction and operation of the metro project.The Government of
India and the Government of Delhi jointly set up a company called the Delhi Metro
Rail Corporation (DMRC) on March 5, 1995 with E. Sreedharan as the managing
director. It started functioning in November, 1997. It appointed General consultant in
August, 1998 to assist them for implementation of the project. It is having 142 stations in
the Rail corridor and 35 stations in the Metro corridor (underground). It has a combination
of elevated, at-grade and underground lines and uses both broad gauge and
standard gauge rolling stock. The Delhi Metro Rail Corporation has been certified by
the United Nations as the first metro rail and rail-based system in the world to get
“carbon credits for reducing greenhouse gas emissions”
Delhi Metro brought a revolutionary change in the city transport. It has also reduced
the travel time. Also the pollution level is reduced to about 50%. A large number of
commuters are having a lot of convenience in reaching their desired destination in the
required time.
Dr. E. Sreedharan handed over charge as MD, DMRC to Shri
Mangu Singh on 31 December 2011.
Current routes
As of August 27, 2011, the whole of Phase-I and Phase-II are complete, with the network
comprising six lines with 142 metro stations and a total length of 189.7 km.
TELECOMMUNICATION DEPARTMANT
It is the department of DMRC, which deals with the protection, supervision and
operation of the train. In short it the department that manages the metro traffic on the
rails. Transmission of information is possible through co-axial cables, wireless media, fibre
optics. Communication at a distance by electronics transmission of impulses, as by
telegraph, cable, telephone, radio, or television constitutes telecommunication.
Telecom
system
AFC
PIDS/PAS
CCTV
RADIO
SDH
MUX
NETWORKS
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer
multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light-
emitting diodes (LEDs). At low transmission rates data can also be transferred via an
electrical interface. The method was developed to replace the Plesiochronous Digital
Hierarchy (PDH) system for transporting large amounts of telephone calls and data traffic
over the same fiber without synchronization problems
The STM-1 (Synchronous Transport Module, level 1) frame is the basic transmission
format for SDH—the first level of the synchronous digital hierarchy. The STM-1 frame is
transmitted in exactly 125 µs, therefore, there are 8,000 frames per second on a
155.52 Mbit/s OC-3 fiber-optic circuit.
The section overhead (SOH) of a STM-1 signal is divided into two parts:
the regenerator section overhead (RSOH) and the multiplex section overhead (MSOH).
The overheads contain information from the transmission system itself, which is
used for a wide range of management functions, such as monitoring transmission quality,
detecting failures, managing alarms, data communication channels, service channels, etc.
Formation of E1 channel
0 1 2 3 4 5 ……………… 16 ………………… 31
256 such data packets give 65536 bps, approx. 64 kbps. 32 time slots of 64 kbps give E1
signal transmitting @ 2.048Mbps. E1 is bi-directional signal Out of these 32 channels 30 are
used as voice channel while 2 are used for control and signaling information.
0 16 31
0 – Control data
16 - Signalling data: Carries information about the path E1 goes through.
E2=4 E1
E3=4 E2=16 E1
E4=4 E3=16 E2= 64E1
STM1=63 E1
MULTIPLEXER(MUX)
If done sufficiently quickly, the receiving devices will not detect that some of the
circuit time was used to serve another logical communication path.
If data rate is less than 64 Mbps then, it is termed as sub-rate. If data rate is more than
64 Mbps then it is termed as super rate. Access-MUX is used for systems requiring transfer
rate below 2.048 Mbps. It multiplex the data from the systems operating at the data rates
lower than 2 Mbps into E1 lines. Since no single node will be able to use all the bandwidth
therefore, all the data i.e. audio and video signals are multiplexed in order to make
maximum use of available bandwidth.
GSS and FPS together forms ODF (Optical Distribution Frame). At each node (or
station), optical fiber cables are terminated in the GSS (Generic Splicing Self) and are
distributed to the system through FPS (Fiber Patching Shelf). From the FPS patch cords, both
ends have connectors for connection, are sent to the SDH where apart from being
converted to electrical signal, the signals required at the particular node dropped (or
extracted) and multiplexed into E1 lines at 2.048 Mbps which are terminated at DDF (Digital
Distribution Frame). The DDF basically provides a flexible way of connecting equipment side
to cable side. From the DDF the system working at 2 Mbps rate is directly provided the
connections with required number of E1 lines. The systems working with lower rates than 2
Mbps access the network through FMX. The FMX demultiplexes the E1 lines coming from
DDF to the lines at the lower rates for use of various systems.
There are two GSS, one for up (in Depot direction) and other for down (opposite to
Depot). There are 48 trays in each GSS. All fibers coming from and going to adjacent stations
are passing through GSS. Fibers needed at particular station are connected to FPS in zero dB
connector (0.3dB loss) through pigtail cords, connector at one end only. These fibers are
then passed to SDH. And fibers not needed at particular station are spliced through.
Splicing is a technique for joining together individual fiber or optical cable sections to forms
continuous lines for these long distant links. Splicing can be done in two ways:
Mechanical Splices: This aligns the axis of the two fibers to be joint and physically
hold them together.
Fusion Splices: This is accomplished by applying localized heating (i.e. by electric arc
or flame) at the interface between two butted, pre-aligned fiber ends, causing them
to soften and fuse together.
NETWORKING
It consists of two or more computers that communicates and share their resources.
Three types of network are:
1. LAN (Local Area Network): A LAN connects network devices over a relatively short
distance. A networked office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN. LAN
are typically owned, controlled and managed by a single person or organization. They also
use certain specific connectivity technologies, primarily Ethernet and Token ring.
2. WAN: As the term implies Wide Area Network spans a large physical distance. WAN
is geographically dispersed collection of LANs. A network device is called a router connects
LAN and WAN. In IP networking, router maintains both a LAN address and a WAN address.
WAN differs from LAN in most of the ways. Like the Internet, most WAN are not owned by
one organization but rather exist under collective or distributed ownership and
management. WANs use technology like ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), frame relay
X.25 for connectivity.
OSI is the name for the set of standards for communicating among computers. The
primary purpose of OSI standards is to serve the structural guideline for exchanging
information between computers, workstations and networks.
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/EPABX
EPABX is stands for Electronics Private Automatic Branch Exchange. For purpose of
planting communication link between different stations, DMRC has its self-sustained
telephone exchange. This system works on -48 V DC from SMPS. Data is processed at a rate
of 64k bps.
Telephone system shall interface to the radio system to enable radio users to initiate
and receive calls to/ from EPABX extension or to MTNL or TATA INDICOM telephones.
Centralized Digital Recording System: The telephone system is equipped with a CDRS for
recording of designed lines, emergency PAS announcements and designated conversion
system.
Network Management System: The telephone network including EPABX and DLTC system is
monitored, supervised and controlled by a NMS.
Shelf 0
Shelf 1
2 SLMAC cards: This card is for analog phones. Maximum 24 phones can be
connected to each card.
2 SLM02 cards: This card supports digital phones. Maximum 24 phones can be
connected to each card.
LTUCA card: This card connects shelf 1 and 0 in EPABX rack.
2 DIUN2 cards: This card takes E1 signal from DDF. Links one station to other
stations. There are 2 ports in each card, one for analog and another for digital. 2
cards for linking to both sides.
PHONE
Stations Connectivity:
Station 1 Station 2
DDF takes 4 E1 tributary signals from SDH, 2 from stations at both sides, 1 for analog phone
and 1 for digital phone and passes to EPABX. E1 consists of 32 time slots each of 64k bps.
Slot 1 has control data and slot 16 has signalling information, rest 30 slots are used as voice
channels. So, maximum 60 calls can be done at a time.
EPABX network is connected in 8 ring topologies so that communication link between
stations retain.
RADIO/ EBTS
EBTS stands for enhanced base transceiver system. EBTS is another important
equipment of DMRC. This system enables the access to the radio services while roaming
within the radio coverage. EBTS provides all the remote site functionality. EBTS has all
features of mobile communication and broadcasting of any information which are not
available with the telephone system. The radio communications system is designed for
providing system-wide voice and data communication to support the operation and
maintenance for Delhi Mass Rapid Transport System (DMRTS). It provides two-way voice
and data radio communication throughout the operational areas of DMRTS, to provide
efficient and effective train radio dispatching operation for Barakhambha OCC. One more
plus point of this system is that it adds to the level of redundancy to the communication
network of DMRC if FOTS (Fiber Optical Transmission system) breaks down as whole
communication between the source and destination does not takes place through FOTS.
This system transfers data at a rate of 128 kbps.
DMRC uses MOTOROLA DIMETRA (Digital Motorola European Trunk Radio) which is
sophisticated digital radio equipment having full benefit of TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked
Radio) standards and range is 380-400MHz. Receiving range is 380-390 MHz and
transmitting range is 390-400MHz. This system works on -48 V DC supply from SMPS.
Dimetra IP is Motorola’s TETRA-compliant digital radio system. The system provides services
to three groups of users:
Radio Users – the mobile users in the system that can roam throughout the radio
coverage area provided by the system. The radio users access the system services
using Mobile Stations that communicate with the Base Stations in the infrastructure
using the TETRA air-interface protocol.
Controllers – users at fixed locations that have access to advanced features and
facilities provided by the system. These features enable Controllers to efficiently
communicate with and manage fleets of mobile users.
Base Control
Station Site
Components
Base
Mobile Station Zone
Station Components
RemoteBase
BaseStation
StationSite
Site
F
O System
T Level
Mobile S Components
Station MSO
Base Components
Station
Mobile
RemoteBase
BaseStation
StationSite
Site Mobile Switching Office System
Station (MSO) Interfaces
Base
Station Other
Systems
Remote
BaseBase
Station
Station
Site Site
Wireless transmission has the advantage of not having to install physical connections at
every point, but is limited to Line of Sight (LOS). EBTS sites are place 25 to 75 miles apart.
Thus, DMRC has total 15 EBTS sites out of which 9 EBTS sites are at line3. EBTS sites are
similar to an antenna except for one thing i.e., it requires GPS synchronization signal
through the GPS. Underground areas can not have EBTS sites hence, Leaky Co-axial Cables
(LCX) are used, with Bidirectional Antenna (BDA).
TETRA Trunking:
A method of traffic channel organization where a traffic channel is allocated for each call
transaction. Trunking facility provides a pooling of all radio channels which are then
allocated on demand to individual users.
The radio users access the systems services via the Mobile Stations. The Base Stations (BSs)
provide the radio interface that allows the Mobile Stations to communicate with the system
infrastructure when moving within the system’s radio coverage area. The TETRA radio
system is a single zone system. All the BTS are controlled by two Zone Controllers in
redundant configuration. During operation, only one Zone Controller is active. The other
Zone Controller is in standby mode and not taking any load. There is also additional
equipment associated with the Zone Controllers. Each BTS is connected to a Mobile
Switching Office (MSO) and two Zone Controllers on a redundant configuration and
associated equipment are located at the MSO.
The Controllers access the system services via Communication Consoles that are located at
the OCC and the Control Rooms in Stations and Depots, or at a remote control sites such as
the Stations and Depots. Each remote control site also has some further equipment in
addition to the Dispatch Consoles.
Each base station consists of base radios. Each base radios are assigned a frequency which is
the physical channel. This physical channel is divided into four logical channels using TDMA.
The first BR would normally contain the control channel, a packet data channel and two
traffic channels. The next BRs are normally assigned with four traffic channels each. The
base station is linked to the MSO using E1 via FOTS. This E1 link transports all information
coming from and going to the base station including alarm information, audio, data and
control information
MSO Component
The diagram below shows the various groups of components located at a Mobile
Switching Office (MSO)
Zone Controller
Gateway Router
Cluster DC
Fan Out Switch Echo
MTIGs
Canceller
Printer Collocated Control Site
GGSN
PDR
RNG
SDR
Primary DC
Cluster DC
NM Client
Core Elements
Console Elements
Telephone Interconnect
Data Elements
a) Group mode- It is a half duplex communication mode in which many user can
communicate with each other by selecting a common talk group. The operation is as
follows:
i) Select a talk group to communicate.
ii) Press PTT (Press to Talk) to speak.
iii) Release PTT to listen.
b) Private mode- It is a half duplex communication mode in which two users can
communicate with each other privately without interfering a talk group. The operation is as
follows:
Select a private mode by using mode key.
Dial private ID.
Press PTT and release. A ring will be heard.
Press PTT to speak.
Release PTT to listen.
c) Phone mode- It is a full duplex communication in which radio user can talk to phone
number used within DMRC or external network connected to DMRC. It can also
communicate in reverse direction, i.e., from phone to radio. The operation is as follows:
Select the phone mode by using mode key.
Dial phone number.
Press call/cancel key.
Talk when call established.
Press call/cancel key to end call.
d) Emergency mode-In emergency mode, TETRA in emergency mode has the highest
priority and every TETRA belonging to that group can listen the information.
Base Station
The base station equipment is often known as a Base Transceiver System
(BTS). Each base station provides radio coverage in a specific geographic
area known as a cell and as the radio users roam around the systems
coverage area, they move from one cell to another. The radio users use
MSs that communicate with the BTSs using the TETRA air-interface
protocol. This protocol contains mechanisms to allow the MSs to select
the most appropriate BS for communication at any location without any
intervention from the radio user.
MTS4 has two E1 interfaces for easy ring configuration to promote high
redundancy. With ring configuration failure on one side of the ring will not
affect the working of any base station. MTS4 will be link to MSO using ring
configuration.
The standard BTS will equip with 2 carriers (TX) Base station serving OCC and also for
two (2) of the underground station will be 4 carrier (TX)
The BTS will be installed in the TER room at the station to provide the area coverage
throughout the DMRTS network.
The basic configuration will consist of the following components:
Tetra Site Controller (TSC)
Base Radios (BR)
Radio Frequency Distribution System (RFDS)
Power Supply Unit
Master
8E1 MTS4 redn
8E1 MTS4 main
6E1 Vortex
HP2626
2E1 EBTS
7E1 Vortex
2E1 EBTS
Clock
AVL
Master
MTS4
MTS4
Vortex
Vortex
EBTS
EBTS
Clock
Main Link
2 E1
Redn Link
LAN
8 E1
4 E1
3 E1
LAN
2 E1
3 E1
3 E1
T
RAD MP RAD MP
S
X.21 Groomer X.21 Groomer
X.21
X.21
X.21
X.21
Proxy Proxy
Playback
x9 (hot) (cold) x6 Playback
Main EBTS EBTS EBTS EBTS Main
& Admin & Admin
AVL
Client
CDRS CDRS
Line 3 Line 1/2
DLC 2E1 DLC 11-Ch DLC 2E1 DLC 11-Ch
Line 3/3e/4/5/6 Line 1e/2e Line 3/3e/4/5/6 Line 1e/2e
BRKR OCC SHPK OCC Theatre
ST6000 L3/3e/4/5 L3/3e/4/5 Theatre L1/L2 L1/L2
CC FMC L3 TC1 L3 TC2 CC FMC L1 TC1 L1 TC2
Remote
Border
Main RCW Redn RCW Remote
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Gateway 4 Gateway 1
CCGW
CSR
L4 TC3 L4 TC4 L5 TC5 L5 TC6 L2 TC3 L2e TC4 L1e TC5 CER
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
CCGW
ATS ATS CCGW
Server #2 (hot) Server #2 (cold)
HP2610
Server 4 Server 1
CCGW
Line 3/3e/4 Line 1/2e/2/2e CSR
CER
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
4 LAN
FOTS Line 5/6 HP2610 HP2610 HP2610
Vortex PC
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
CSR / Remote
CSR / Remote CSR / Remote CSR / Remote Border
Border Border Border CCGW Router
CCGW Router CCGW Router CCGW Router
HP2610
HP2610
Client PC
Vortex
Vortex PC
Client PC
Vortex
Client PC
Vortex
Yamuna Bank Depot Mundka Depot Sarita Vihar Depot NajafGarh Depot FOTS
Sub-systems to be provided by other contractor
POWER SUPPLY
The two redundant power supplies provide DC voltage power to the chassis. They
are front-loaded and come with a 6-foot (1.8-m) power cord. When both LEDs are lit, the
unit is functioning correctly.
Main and Standby MSO Switching Configuration
BRKR OCC SHPK OCC
(Supports Line 1 to 6) (Supports Line 1 to 6 When Main MSO Fails)
Main Redundant
AVL/APL EBTS MTS MTS EBTS
CDRS CDRS
Depot
Depot Depot Depot Depot
RAU RCW
RAU RCW RAU RCW RAU RCW RAU RCW
Option A:
Option A:
• New Dimetra IP MSO supports the entire DMRTS Phase I and Phase II network (Line 1 to 6)
• New Dimetra IP MSO supports the entire DMRTS Phase I and Phase II network (Line 1 to 6)
• Main/Standby MSO configuration for all lines
• Main/Standby MSO configuration for all lines
• One homogenous system for all lines - Full voice and data roaming for all radio users
• One homogenous system for all lines - Full voice and data roaming for all radio users
Redundancy
The operation of a Megaplex system depends on three critical modules: the power
supply, the main link module, and the CL module. A failure in any one of these
modules could disable the whole system, whereas a failure in an I/O module affects
only a small part of the system, and can be generally overcome by using alternate
routes, putting unused capacity into service, etc.
The Megaplex system is designed to automatically put a redundant module in service
in case the corresponding module fails, thereby ensuring continuous system operation
in the event of any single module failure.
Description Parameter
Proposed System TETRA
Frequency:
Transmit (Downlink) – Range I 390 -394.999 MHz
Range II 395 -399.999 MHz
Frequency:
Receive (Uplink) – Range I 380 -384.999 MHz
Range II 385 -389.999 MHz
MTS4 RF output power 25W (44dBm)
Downlink Acceptance level –94dBm
Train Radio maximum RF output power 3 W (34.8 dBm)
Handportable maximum RF output power 1 W (30 dBm)
Train Body Loss 10 dB
TETRA Carrier spacing Minimum 25 KHz
DMO frequency band 380.5 MHz
Channel Spacing 25 KHz
Channel Bandwidth 25 KHz
Modulation /4-DQPSK
Modulation rate 36 Kbit/s
Transmitter-Receiver separation 10 MHz
Transmitter-Transmitter separation 150 KHz(min)
Voice Decoder ACELP
Multiple Access TDMA
Channels (time slots) per carrier 4
AFC Department of DMRC deals with the fare collection system. DMRC uses automatic fare
collecting machines. The AFC machines are installed at the entry of the station.
GATES
TOKENS
Emergency
Switch
EFO
The Ticket Office Machine (TOM) is a ticket transport semiautomatic vending and
consulting machine, handling Contactless Smart Cards and Tokens.
The Ticket Office Machine is operated by an authorised operator to sell, add value, refund,
replace, analyse cards and eventually make adjustment in case of surcharge detection. At
the same time, passengers can follow the operations with help of the patron display.
This sale terminal is a semiautomatic machine manually operated by employees of DMRC.
The machine is a standard personal computer, connected to different appropriate
peripherals. The operation is basically done through a screen and a keyboard connected
with the PC.
PASSENGER DISPLAY
CSC READER/WRITER
RECEIPT PRINTER
TOKEN AUTO-FEEDER MECHANISM
Receipt printer
Auto-feeder mechanism
GATES
Equipment which controls the access of patrons from free area to paid area & vice
versa according to business rules that device, which demarcates the paid & unpaid area, is
known as a Gate.
ENTRY ONLY
This gate is only used for the entry. From this gate passenger can’t exit or leave the
concourse
EXIT ONLY
This gate is only used for the Exit. From this gate passenger can’t take entry.
HYBRID/BIDIRECTINAL
This type of gate is used for physically challenged people. It is wider than the simple
gate and is appropriate for any standard wheel chair to pass through.
TOKENS
These are the advanced tickets used in DMRC. It is used for Travelling or Entry in the
Metro Stations.
TOKEN TYPES
EMERGENCY SWITCH.
First Step for emergency is to use the GRCU in emergency mode. In case of problem
use the emergency switch in the EFO. But because gates‘ll be powered off you‘ll lose the
control of Gates. The Emergency switch located in the EFO in front of the gate array is used
to power off all the gate machines so that all the flap are automatically open to facilitate the
escape of patrons through the passages
Station Architecture
To Central System
Station Control Room
LMT
PTD for Ticket
SC : Station Inspector
Computer
1 Switch
Lan/Wan Router
LMT
1 switch
LMT
(Laptop Maintenance Tool)
AGE Legend Printer
Receip
t
PID
X X X X X X X
Printer
Receip
t
PID
Excess Fare
E E E E Office Room E E E
The aim of the system is to display and announce traffic information and other
convenient information along the station and various platform areas .The PIDS allows the
data input, transmission and diffusion of information concerning the movements of trains in
real time to all station users and the same for the application in main center using Ultra
Bright LED Display Panels .The system has capability to control virtually unlimited no. of
stations which can be done by the configuration of the network design . The PIDS designed
for the DMRC’s network has several functions such as displaying train scheduling
information and data related to train circulation like arrival and departure time.
The system is divided into two main parts:
The Operational Control Center: this refers to all the equipments installed in the OCC.
the details are :
Server
Assistant to Chief Controller PIDS /PAS workstation
PIDS Backup Control Panel
The Station System: this refers to all the equipments installed in the terminal stations.
the details are :
WorkStation
Ultra Bright LED Panels
Central Passenger Information System: it is located at OCC and includes the system
server and the Assistant Chief Controller Workstation.
The Remote Passenger Information System: It is located at each station and includes
the station server, the station MMI (Man Machine Interface) position and Ultra Bright LED
Panels. The station server located in each station receives periodic data at location
information from the OCC server. In this manner it manages and controls the local Ultra
Bright LED Panels.
It is one of the systems that create a user friendly ambience in the DMRC computer
services and it plays a very important role as well. As of date this system receives
information from the TIMS (management software) which is something similar to train
timetable as per the present time it sends information to this system and the address is
made. This is one of the reasons that a universal clock is required and that is the reason the
network is incorporated with a master clock server.
The scheme is such that the train driver has information about the timings and he has to see
that the train reaches a particular station as per the time frame it has been allotted, which is
similar to normal railways. The thing that is making it a little bit different from the railway is
that this timetable is a static one and so fixed and is totally computerized while that in the
railways is a dynamic one and it is user controlled.
The main purpose of the PAS and PIDS is to transfer information to the passengers at
concourses and platforms for notification of scheduled train arrivals and departures and
some special messages such as emergency or evacuation messages. This system takes 3
phase AC power supply from ACDB (AC Distribution Box). Each station has two PIDS at each
platform and 2 PIDS in concourse zone, so a total of 6 PIDS used.
UIM
UIM
MSU
RMU
DOM 1
AMPLIFIER 1 & 2
DOM 2
AMPLIFIER 1 & 2
DOM 3
AMPLIFIER 1 & 2
SERVER 1 SERVER 2
SYSTEM RACK
SYSTEM RACK
PA (POWER AMPLIFIER)
Power Amplifier modules are equipped with two separate channels and 100V output
transformers and are controlled and monitored by VARIODYN® D1 System modules DOM4-8
or DOM4-24. Features like electronic protection against thermal overload and short circuit
as far as temperature controlled fans are integrated. Three types of amplifiers with different
output power are available (2x200W, 2x300W or 2x500W).
This unit is used to monitor 10 channels remotely whether they are working properly
or not. It also shows dB level of announcement.
Servers: Each station has two servers, one in HOT mode (perform normal operation) and
other in STANDBY mode. Both servers send status signal via RS-232 to watchdog/relay
switch. If trigger signal is missing, the Switchover unit will switch to the other server within
15 seconds. STANDBY mode is more reliable than HOT mode because there is a high risk
that both Servers may crash in some environmental conditions as both are performing the
same task.
There is a manual switch at the unit, watchdog changeover, so the Relays can be
switched either to position 1 (normal closed contacts) or position 2 (normal open contacts)
or to “AUTO” (Watchdog controlled). Switchover unit is USB powered from servers and the
Display boards are controlled via RS485/RS422 serial lines, in case of failure it switches to
other workstation. Whenever changeover occurs an alarm indication (alarm pop-up window
and audio signal) is shown on the active MMI.
Server 1 is provided with PAS card but in server 2 it has PAS card only in underground
stations not at elevated stations.
Operation of PIDS/PAS
Information about the train arrival is passed to OCC from interlocking station through
track circuits having sync loop. Every information from OCC server is sent with address bit,
so that, particular station for which information is sent, picks it up. Information sent will be
in code form, about announcement or display should take place in zone specified.
Display information goes directly to PIDS through bus-bar, but announcements from server
goes to universal interface module (UIM) through DVA (Digital Voice Announcements)
channel. UIM converts analog information to digital for use in amplifiers. DOM converts the
analog signal back to digital. After amplification information goes through defined channels.
SCR (Station Control Room): DMRC has one SCR at each station. Two MMI workstations
with digital call stations placed in SCR and controller in SCR manages the local PIDS/PAS
system of that station.
MMI Application:
MMI have remote access to the servers in TER. The Operator at SCR can initiate pre-
recorded messages or make live announcements from these MMI. The Operator at each
platform can also make announcements from a digital call station provided per each PSB.
The MMI is running on MMI PC workstation. First line contains DMRC name, Station
name, Username, name of the function, time and date. The second line contains pull down
menus for File, View and Help. The rest of the screen can be divided into 5 parts:
Function selection line: Selection of display and functions.
Station display: Different forms of station display with PIDS Display Board Content.
Function window: Different windows for different PAS/PIDS system function.
PA Input Status: Shows the in use status of PA sources.
Error Status: Shows the most recent Error/Alarm of PA/PIDS system / allows LIVE PA
messages to selected PA zones.
CCTV System
Using the configuration client software the MMI can be customized for each type of
operators.
5.3.2 The Client MMI on LCD monitor will have a tree like structure giving the list of cameras
for which the operator currently logged-in is authorized to see as well as the maps of the
platform with cameras seeded on the actual locations. The video can be dragged and
viewed in any of the video windows available within the GUI. The Second LCD can be used
as spot monitor where normally a set of important cameras is always viewed and in case of
alarm the alarm cameras can be popped up in full screen mode
CAMERAS
Fixed Indoor CCTV Camera
The BOSCH LTC 0455/11 provided at the underground and elevated stations are
compact rugged, 1/3-inch image format digital color CCD cameras. Their superior sensitivity,
resolution and picture quality provide optimal performance in virtually all situations. This
fully automatic camera is ready to work for you, and is easy to install in even the most
demanding applications. On-screen Displays (OSD) provide quick and easy access to all
camera features.
The LTC 0455/11 cameras also comes with a lens wizard that automatically detects
the type of lens installed and provides an OSD guide that allows the installer to easily adjust
the lens level and focus without special tools or filters.
The automatic black level feature, now introduced in color cameras, enhances contrast
by removing veiling glare from the picture. Night Sense is used to further extend the
excellent sensitivity by a factor 3 in monochrome operation. This mode can be automatically
activated under low light situations.
Automatic sensing for tracking white balance provides true to life color images in
indoor and outdoor applications.
The ability to operate on AC or DC provides added flexibility to system designs and
reduces the amount of training and support items to keep on-hand.
Easy Installation, digital signal processing, on screen displays, superior picture quality
and reliability brings the video performance of high resolution colour cameras to a level
never reached before and makes the LTC 0455 series the best choice for first time and
professional users.
The VG4-313-ECS0P Day/Night Auto Dome camera with housing mounting provided
at the underground and elevated stations offers all of the features needed for any
surveillance application. Auto Dome lets you focus on details missed by other cameras.
Image control and quality are integral aspects of any indoor surveillance system. The
VG4-313-ECS0P Day/Night Auto Dome camera offers 26X optical zoom lenses and a full 12x
digital zoom once the end of the optical zoom is reached. In addition, the patented scaling
feature ensures that you have optimal control for viewing at all zoom settings.
Effective surveillance cameras must also perform well under a range of lighting
conditions. To enhance sensitivity when night falls, the VG4-313-ECS0P Day/Night Auto
Dome camera automatically switches from color to monochrome by removing the infrared
filter. Whether you program the camera to switch automatically, or use the manual switch,
the result is optimal camera function, day or night. For operation in the darkest conditions,
the slow shutter control feature automatically reduces the shutter speed to as little as 1
second. This increases sensitivity by more than 50 times.
In answer to concerns about personal privacy, the VG4-313-ECS0P Day/Night Auto
Dome camera provides sector blanking and privacy masking. These features allow
customization to ensure privacy for diverse needs.
The DSA-N2B40 is a fully featured RAID protected disk array which provides RAID‑4
protection for capacity-oriented environments and RAID‑DP protection for availability
oriented environments. RAID-DP (Double Parity) is a form of RAID-6 without any
performance penalty. RAID-DP is strongly recommended if the system will be used with disk
shelf expansion units.
With redundant hot-swap power and cooling, four Gigabit Ethernet ports, NVRAM,
and protection from double-disk failure and single bit errors during RAID rebuilds with
RAID‑DP, the DSA-N2B40 keeps your data safe and available.
Encoder
The Bosch VIP X1600 XF is a modular, high-performance CCTV video encoder and
decoder system. Each VIP X1600 XF is a 4 x 4 unit that accommodates up to four hot-
swappable modules, allowing modules to be added or exchanged at any time without
interrupting transmission to the existing channels.
The VIP-X1600-XFB base system provides two no’s of 1 Gbps Ethernet ports. This
provides a greater choice of network connectivity and allows for easier inside-rack cabling
like, for example, direct connection to an iSCSI storage array.
Server
The HP ProLiant DL380 G6 Server is a versatile 2U rack server that is designed to
meet a wide range of deployment needs. It combines increased performance, durability,
availability and energy efficiency. The HP ProLiant DL380 G6 delivers engineering excellence,
increased flexibility, enterprise-class uptime, advanced management features making it
well-suited for a variety of rack deployments and applications.
The CS provides management, monitoring, and control of the entire system. The
Central Server software is installed on central server where in each server can take care of
500 cameras. For CCTV contract there is total 17 server installed in OCC BRKR for phase 2
stations, RSS, Depots & OCC BRKR, there shall be 6 servers installed at OCC SHPK for existing
stations of Phase 1 (Line 1, Line 2 & Line 3).The BOSCH VMS CS is responsible for following
functions in the BOSCH VMS architecture:
Work Station
Workstation is designed and engineered to give you and your business a professional
edge. With outstanding price/performance, the HP xw4600 is an affordable workstation
solution based on the new Intel® X38 Express performance chipset and the latest
workstation-class Dual and Quad-Core Intel processors.
Figure No. – 35
The computing horsepower of the HP xw4600 allows you to meet the increasingly
demanding requirements of graphics and other data-intensive professional applications. With
more ports and expandability than before, it is easy to add memory, peripherals and storage
as your future requirements change. Like all HP Workstations, the HP xw4600 offers a tool-
less chassis design for simple serviceability as well as free remote management software and
optional Remote Graphics Software to assist in making your work life easier.
CONCLUSION
Experience:
The period of 6 weeks of training in Delhi Metro Rail Corporation was a learning experience.
It presented an opportunity of seeing how engineers work and co-ordinate in an
organization. The study of various Hierarchies in a Delhi Metro Rail enriched the knowledge
regarding the various levels of government organization.
The review of the Signal & Telecommunication where the collection of Communication
through respective Stations and track of Delhi Metro were compiled and summarised to
prepare the Signal & Telecommunication and to know the process of working in an
organization in co-ordination.
It raised up the knowledge regarding Signal & Telecommunication and also the participation
of Communication company’s of different associations like BEL, BHEL, HCL etc are involved
in Electronics and Communication field.
Thus, the Signal & Telecommunication Department helped us to review the various
techniques and inventions which are required to be implemented properly to make the
vision of Electronics world of future successful.