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Gamatogenesis
1
Which is the most correct statement about male Gamatogenesis :
A) Oogenesis enter arrest at the 1st meiotic stage and spermatogenesis does not enter arrest
B) Meiosis is initiated twice in a finite population of cells
C) Spermatogenesis produces 4 gametes/meiosis whereas oogenesis produces 1
gamete/meiosis
D) In Oogenesis gamate differentiation occurs at the diploid phase and spermatogenesis it occurs
in the haploid phase.
- neither gamate has reached its full maturity when it leaves the gonad - spermatogenesis can not
occur untill puberty and oogenesis is reactivated at puberty due to hormual stimulation from the
endocrine system
Fertilisation Quiz
1
Which of the following statements is incorrect in regards to the acrosome:
The acrosome reaction allows for the exposure of the inner-acrosomal membrane
Only acrosome reacted spermatozoa fuse with the oocyte
The acrosome within the spermatozoa is derived from the golgi apparatus
Zona Pellucida Binding Protein 1 is synthesised by the oocyte
The enzymatic contents of the acrosome degrade the zona pellucida
2
Which of the following statements about the zona pellucida is incorrect:
result in the formation of the first polar body after the second meiotic division
often occurs in the first 1/3 of the oviduct
involve spermatozoa and oocyte fusion
require the exocytosis of cortical granules in the cortical reaction
require the exocytosis of acrosomal enzymes during the acrosome reaction
Submit
Fertilization Quiz
1
Which of the following statements about female and male gametogenesis is incorrect:
While male meiosis is completed in days or weeks, female meiosis is delayed for months or years.
Male meiosis produces four gametes, whereas female meiosis produces only two.
In oogenesis meiosis is initiated once in a finite cell population, while in spermatogenesis meiosis is
continuously initiated in a stem cell population.
Male gamete differentiation occurs after meiosis ends, whereas in oogenesis this occurs earlier during the
first meiotic prophase.
2
Where does fertilization usually occur:
Ovaries
Upper uterine cavity
First 1/3 of uterine tube
Last 1/3 of uterine tube
Lower uterine cavity
3
The acrosome reaction...:
Tubal pregnancy
Hydatidiform mole
Dizygotic Twinning
Endometriosis
Tornwaldt’s cysts
2
Which of the following is incorrect regarding a zygote?
Week 1
1
Which ONE of the following is true with regard to the male reproductive system?
Gonadotropin releasing hormone is only responsible for signalling the release of luteinising hormone
(LH)
The peak of oestrogen occurs during ovulation
The female body experiences a rise in temperature during the luteal phase and is an indication of
menstruation
Rising levels of progesterone occur in the luteal phase
3
Select the CORRECT statement:
embryoblast
blastocoel
blastocyst
trophoblast
all of the above
2
Implantation of human embryos typically occurs:
ovary
external surface of uterus
uterine wall
uterine tube
all of the above
Submit
Myometrium
Perimetrium
Compact Endometrium
Spongy Endometrium
2
An amniocentesis is generally done in the 18th – 22nd week of pregnancy?
False
True
3
What factors would indicate a villi cell was tertiary and in its third stage of development?
Week 3 of pregnancy
The mesenchyme has differentiated into blood vessels and cells forming a network
Villi cover the whole chorionic surface
Villi is made up from simple cytotrophoblast cells inside a cord of syncitiotrophoblast cells
Submit
Placenta Development
1
Which of these is NOT a part of Tertiary Chorionic Villi formation?
Amniotic membrane.
Cotyledons
Chorionic plate.
Syncytiotrophoblasts
Submit
Placental Development
1
Which one of the following is most correct? Primary villi are:
developed in week 2 and are the first development stage of chorionic villi, composed of trophoblastic
shell cells.
the first stage of chorionic villi development and cover the entire surface of the chorionic sac.
composed of only syncitiotrophoblasts.
developed in week 3 and form finger like extensions that are primarily located at the chorion frondosum.
composed of only cytotrophoblasts.
2
Which of the following is the type of placenta found in humans?
Diffuse
Zonary
Discoid
Cotyledenary
None of the above
3
Which one of the following is the most common placental abnormality?
Somite formation
Creating the 3 major body cavities
Blood vessel formation
Generating the urogenital system
Epidermis of the skin
Submit
A. differentiate into myotomes which give rise to skeletal muscle in trunk and limbs
B. differentiate into sclerotomes which give rise to vertebrae
C. arise from segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm
D. differentiate into myotomes which give rise to skeletal muscle of the limbs
E. all of the above are correct
2
The most distinctive characteristic of a primary chorionic villus is its:
A. capsularis
B. basalis
C. laeve
D. parietalis
E. frondosum
Submit
Begins week in extra embryonic mesoderm and then embryonic splanchnic mesoderm
Begins as the formation of blood islands
Blood islands extend and fuse together to form a primordial vascular network
VEGF and PGF stimulates growth and development
All of the above
2
Which of the following statement is NOT correct about blood vessel remodelling:
The branches from main arteries may arise as new outgrowths from the enlarged stem
VEGF is required later for endothelial cell maintenance in tissues
Extensive remodelling during embryo development leads to an asymmetrical adult system in the body
Early vascular development is asymmetrical
3
What cells are not contained in blood islands?
Blastocyst
Harmoangioblasts
Angioblasts
Haemocytoblasts
Submit
Cytotrophoblast cells fuse and form a multinucleated cytoplasmic mass called syncitiotrophoblasts.
Cytotrophoblast cells lay around the blastocyst, proliferates and extends behind syncitiotrophoblasts.
Syncitiotrophoblasts invade the decidua.
Cytotrophoblast secrets hCG and support Corpus Luteum.
2
Implantation of human embryos typically occurs:
Neural crest
Sclerotome
Dermatome
Myotome
Submit
Week 2
Week 1
Week 3
None of the above
2
Mesoderm is a precursor for all of the following EXCEPT:
Spermatid > Primary Spermatocyte > Secondary Spermatocyte > Spermatogonia > Spermatozoa
Primary Spermatocyte > Secondary Spermatocyte > Leydig Cell > Spermatozoa > Spermatid
Sertoli Cell > Spermatid > Primary Spermatocyte > Secondary Spermatocyte > Spermatozoa
Spermatid > Spermatozoa > Primary Spermatocyte > Secondary Spermatocyte > Leydig Cell
Spermatogonia > Primary Spermatocyte > Secondary Spermatocyte > Spermatid > Spermatozoa
Submit
Mesoderm Development
1
Which of the following components is responsible for somatogenesis:
Intermediate Mesoderm
Extraembryonic Mesoderm
Paraxial Mesoderm
Lateral Plate Mesoderm
2
Which of the following statements regarding somites is incorrect: