SUBMITTED BY

Muhammad Imran khan 07-MCT-50 Mubbashar Mehmood

Zaki ul Hassan

07-MCT-30
07-MCT-51

SUBMITTED

TO

SIR HAFIZ KHURRAM ALI UET TAXILA SUB CAMPUS CHAKWAL

ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION (EFI)

Electronic Fuel injection is a system of fuel delivery for mixture with air in an internal combustion engine.

HISTORY
1.

Frederic joined Forward gas engine in 1889 and do experiments in fuel injection.

2. Fuel injection was in widespread commercial use in diesel engines by mid 1920s. The direct injection was in employed in some notable designs like Benz, BMW. 3. First gasoline injection system was developed by Bosch and introduced in 1955 in Mercedes Benz-300 SL. 4. The first commercial electronic fuel injection (EFI) system was Electrojector, developed by the Bendix Corporation and was to be offered by American Motors (AMC) in 1957 .

5. In 1957, Chevrolet introduced a mechanical fuel

injection option, made by General Motors.
6. Chrysler offered Electrojector on specific high

performance 1958 modelsthe 300D, the D500 Arguably the first series cars equipped with an EFI system, but the early electronic components were not equal to the rigors of underhood service and were too slow.
7. Bosch developed an electronic fuel injection

system, called D-Jetronic (D for Druck, the German word for pressure), which was first used on the VW 1600TL in 1967.

Bosch developed an electronic fuel injection system, called D-Jetronic (D for Druck, the German word for pressure), which was first used on the VW 1600TL in 1967. In 1982, Bosch introduced a sensor that directly measures the air mass flow into the engine, on their L-Jetronic system. Bosch called this LH-Jetronic system. The LH-Jetronic system was also the first fully digital EFI system.

Super session of Carburetors

Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, various federal, state and local governments conducted studies into the numerous sources of air pollution. These studies ultimately attributed a significant portion of air pollution to the automobile,.

Main Parts of Carburetors

Main circuit Idle circuit

Accelerator pump
Power enrichment circuit Choke

Disadvantages of Carburetors
3 types of Toxic emissions from Carburetors 1. Carbon Monoxide (C0) 2. Unburnt Hydrocarbons (HC) 3. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) These result incomplete combustion of fuel with less oxygen in combustion chamber.

Other Types of Fuel Injection

Throttle Body Injection Continuous Injection Central Port Injection Multi point Fuel Injection Direct Injection Electronic Fuel Injection

Continuous injection

Central port injection

Direct fuel injection

Parts in EFI
Fuel Injectors Fuel Pump Fuel Pressure Regulator Air flow meter Throttle valve Air intake chamber Electronic control unit Sensors

Types of Engine Sensors

Mass airflow sensor Oxygen sensor Throttle position sensor Coolant temperature sensor Voltage sensor Manifold absolute pressure sensor Engine speed sensor Crank Position Sensor Cam Angle Sensor

WORKING OF EFI

1. Fuel Delivery System 2. Air Induction System 3. Electronic Control System

ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM (EFI)

Fuel Delivery System

It consist of fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel delivery pipe, fuel injector, fuel pressure regulator and fuel return pipe. Fuel is delivered from the tank to the injector by means of an electric fuel pump. The pump is typically located in or near the fuel tank. Fuel is maintained at a constant pressure by means of a fuel pressure regulator.

Fuel Delivery System

Air Induction System

The air induction system consists of the air cleaner, air flow meter, throttle valve, air intake chamber, intake manifold runner, and intake valve. When the throttle valve is opened, air flows through the air cleaner, through the air flow meter (on L type systems), past the throttle valve, and through a well tuned intake manifold runner to the intake valve.

The Air Induction System

Electronic Control System

It consists of 1. Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
2.

Engine Sensors
Fuel Injector Assemblies

3.

Electronic Control System

Electronic control unit

ECU Components

Analog-to-digital converters High-level digital outputs Digital-to-analog converters

Signal conditioners
Communication chips

WORKING OF ECU

ECU determines precisely how much fuel needs to be delivered by the injector by monitoring the engine sensors, ECU monitors engine operating parameters via various sensors.

The optimum amount of injected fuel depends on conditions such as engine and ambient temperatures, engine speed and workload, and exhaust gas composition.

Efi working

Working of efi

The electronic fuel injector is normally closed, and opens to inject pressurised fuel as long as electricity is applied to the injector's solenoid coil. The duration of this operation, called pulse width, is proportional to the amount of fuel desired. Oxygen sensors monitor the amount of oxygen in the exhaust, and the ECU uses this information to adjust the air-to-fuel ratio in realtime.

Advantages of EFI

Uniform Air/Fuel Mixture Distribution. Highly Accurate Air/Fuel Ratio Control Throughout All Engine Operating Conditions. Excellent Fuel Economy With Improved Emission Control. Improved Cold Engine Start ability. Simpler Mechanics, Reduced Adjustment Sensitivity.

End of presentation

Thank you