MODAPTS
Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards
Predetermined time systems
Steps
How to be used
Classes of motions
Allowances
Exercises
(From: International MODAPTS Association, Inc. Kalamazoo, MI)
Predetermined Time Systems
Techniques for studying work methods
Work is divided into micro elements that
are standard in any activity
These micro elements are represented
by symbols.
Note that in MTM system these
symbols are called therbligs.
Steps
Determine all the symbols in a work
process
Assign standard time values to each
micro movement
Total up the times to find total time/task
(Assuming additivity and independence)
How to be used
Determine an efficient work method
Determine the time/unit for an efficient work method
MODAPTS uses modules (MOD) to express units of
human physical work (normal time- done by qualified,
thoroughly experienced employee)
1 MOD = .129 sec.
1 sec. = 7.75 MOD
1 MOD = .00215 min. 1 min. = 465 MOD
1 MOD = .000036 hr. 1 hr. = 27933 MOD
(Standard time with no allowances)
MODAPTS codes
Type of activity + Time to complete
M3P2,W5, etc.
MODAPTS Classes of Motions
Movement
Done by the finger-hand-arm-shoulder trunk
system
Required to position a part of the arm to perform
the Terminal activities
Terminal Activities (GET and PUT)
Done at the end of a movement
In close proximity to the things being worked on
Auxiliary Activities
Walking, bending, inspection, deciding, etc.
Movement
Movements and terminal activities take place in pairs.
Movement first then terminal activities
Move to get, move to put
Examples: M3GO (move to touch)
Movement activities are classified by:
Distance moved
Body part required to perform the move
Light/small objects vs. heavy/large objects
Large objects : 16 x 16 x 16
Heavy objects : over 18 lbs.
Award the lowest category that is possible to
successfully complete the activity
Movement (cont.)
1
2
6
12
18
Finger
1 MOD
Hand
2 MODs
Forearm
3 MODs
Arm
4 MODs
Extended Arm
5 MODs
Moves with Small/Light Objects
Type
Movement
Finger (M1)
Knuckle
Hand (M2)
Wrist
Forearm (M3)
Elbow
Whole Arm
(M4)
Shoulder directly
forward, perhaps body
assistance
12
Extended Arm Shoulder fully left, right,
or across the body
(M5)
18
30
Trunk (M7)
Shoulder involving the
body trunk
MODs Distances
Note: Body assistance means to require the body to bend slightly (simultaneously with Move).
It increases distances not time.
Examples
M1 Movements
Rub your thumb and index finger together
Depressing keys M1P0
Squeezing trigger M1P0
M2 Movements
Following a body move: 5 x W5, M2G1
Positioning of a washer: M4G3 M2P5
M3 Movements
Turning over the page
Draw a free hand line approximately 6 inches long
How about half an inch long?
M4 Movements
An imaginary 45 degree cone
Move forward 18 (inside the cone)
Examples (cont.)
M5 Movements
Outside imaginary 45 degree cone
Reaching up to an object from a high shelf
M5P2
Moving an object across the body M5P0
M7 Movements
Fully up, down, or across the body (hinged at the
waist)
Picking up objects from the floor M7G1 M7P0
Exercises
Hand moves are typically______inches
Whole arm move forward 15_______
Hand turns a nut down______
Reach to the floor while standing______
Using a pen or pencil perform the following and
provide the correct code:
Carry the object from I-10 to J-10_______
Turn your wrist to view the bottom of the object________
Carry the object to imaginary point H-20_______
Return the object to G-16_______
Carry the object to K-1_______
Moves with Large/Heavy Objects
Weight
Limit
2
Maximum Distance
For Large Object Only
6 12 18 24 35 39
ONE
0-2 lb
M2
M3
M4
M5
M7
M7
M7
HAND
2-9 lb
M3
M3
M4
M5
M7
M7
M7
9-18 lb
M4
M4
M4
M5
M7
M7
M7
TWO
18-35 lb
M4
M4
M4
M4
M4
M5
M7
HAND
35-136 lb
M7
M7
M7
M7
M7
M7
M7
Exercises
One hand
Move a 14 lb. box 14 ________
Move a 18 lb. box 3 _________
Two hands
Move a 100 lb. box 6 _________
Move a 40 lb. box 34 _________
Move a 30 lb. box 10 _________
Terminal Activities
What is done at the end of move?
PUT and GET must be joined to a move
Influenced by:
Muscular control: precision
Visual control: eye action
Mental control: mental decision
Low conscious control (G0, G1, P0)
Automatic response
Little muscular control, no visual or mental control
High conscious control (P2, P5, G3)
Terminal Activities (cont.)
Type
Conscious Control
High*
Description
Low
G0
Touch only
G1
Pick up easy object
P0
No conscious
G3
Pick up flat object,or objects in a bin, hard to
pick up object
P2
Requires one feedback** (information)
P5
Requires two feedbacks
*Employees are required to follow an activity through the end, using their eyes
**Provided by the employees eyes
Terminal Activities (cont.)
For each activity below, is it high or low conscious?
Pick up a pencil from an uncluttered desk. ________
Pick up a straight pin from an uncluttered desk. ________
Pick up a match from a matchbox. _______
Put your pencil point exactly on the period at this sentence
end. _________
Put your pencil anywhere on this page. _________
Simultaneous Activities
Always use an M2 to precede the second high
conscious control activity
Left hand -----movement--High control activity at end
Right hand----simo-movement---wait----M2 moveHigh
control activity at end
Both low conscious control: record the highest total
MOD
One low , one high conscious control: record on the
total high conscious control activity MOD value
Both high conscious control: sum of MOD values
from both hands
Example
Left Hand
Right Hand Total MODs
Independent
Simultaneous
M3P2
M3P2
M3P5
M2P5
13
12
Independent
Simultaneous
M4G3 M4P2
M4G3 M4P2
M4G3 M4P2
M2G3 M2P2
26
22
Independent
Simultaneous
M4G1 M4P2
M4G1 M4P2
M4G3 M4P5
M4G3 M2P5
27
20
GET with Small/Light Objects
G0: Contact get (touching)
Counting small change lying on the counter
Depress button- M4G0 M1P0
Push box M4G0 M4P0
G1: Simple grasp get (closing fingers around
objects)
Pick up raised object M4G1
Grasp drawer handle
G3:Get with feedback (sensory or visual
feedback involved)
Pick up small or flat or jumbled object M4G3
GET with Large/Heavy Objects
G2: One hand engagement
Picking up a suitcase
G4: Two hand engagements
Unobstructed object, free standing, unimpeded by
others
Bend over, grasps an object with two hands and
returns to a standing position- M7G4 M7P0
G8: Three hand engagements
Slightly impeded by others
One hand- pull the box away, two hands pick it
up
PUT with Small/Light Objects
P0: Simple put (general or indefinite location)
Sliding an object against a stop
Picking up a small object and placing it in the other hand
M4G3 M4P0
Tossing object into box M3P0
P2: Put with feedback (definite location)
Requiring only one feedback form one or more of senses
(usually eyes)
Locate Phillips screwdriver in slot M3P2
P5: Put with feedbacks (exact location)
More than one correcting motion, and more than one change
in direction
Putting a screwdriver blade into a slotted screw head- M4P5
Placing nut on bolt- M4P5
PUT with Large/Heavy Objects
P0: General location (no orderliness)
Hand does not touch object again
Place 40 lb. box on table ______
P2: With orderliness
Hand do not touch object again
Place 40 lb. box to table edge _____
P5: One new contact (exact location)
Using one additional hand engagement once the
object is placed down
Moderately heavy box placed exactly in line with
others
Exercises
Lean over, pick up a carton, and return to a standing position
before walking _______
Place a pencil point where two lines cross ______
Begin with hands in the printed area
Pick up a pencil at C-14, put point on F-9 _______
Pick up a pin at C-14, put point on E-10 _______
Pick up a washer at I-9, put in other hand _______
Slide a washer from H-9 off the table into the lap _______
With both hands, slide the ruler up to line F _______
Pick up the pencil near the sharp end with the left hand, from B-4.
Pick up the washer with the right hand from B-13. While carrying
these to the print area, put the washer on the pencil. Slide the
washer along to the end of the pencil. ___________
Pick up a washer from B-14 and then one from B-9 with the right
hand. Return to rest in the approximate starting position.
___________
Auxiliary Activities
J2: Juggle
Two criteria
The object is already in the control of the operator and better
control is required
All other activity must stop
Place a nut on a screw while there are several nuts in the
palm rolling the nut out from the palm_______
X4: Apply extra force
All other motion stops, and then the body braces itself
B17: Bend and arise (if hand goes below the knee)
S30: Sit and stand (up and down movement)
W5: Walk
