SENAMAN BAGI KANAKKANAK KURANG UPAYA

PENCERAMAH: PN. NORHAYATI BINTI AB. HADI

AHLI FISIOTERAPI
Sesi 8.30 pagi-10.00 pagi
Sabtu

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Mastered Skills
(most kids can do)

Emerging Skills
(half of kids can
do)

Advanced Skills (a
few kids can do)

One Month

Lifts head when

lying on tummy

Responds to sound
Stares at faces

Follows objects
briefly with eyes
Vocalizes: oohs
and aahs
Can
see black-and-whi
te patterns

Smiles, laughs
Holds head at
45-degree angle

Vocalizes:
gurgles and coos
Follows objects
across field of
vision
Notices his
hands
Holds head up
for short periods

Smiles, laughs
Holds head at
45-degree angle
Makes smoother
movements

Holds head stead

y

Two Month

Can bear weight

on legs
Lifts head and
shoulders when
lying on tummy
(mini-pushup)

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Three month

Squeals,
Recognizes your gurgles, coos
face
Blows bubbles
and scent
Recognizes

your voice
Holds head stea Does minidy
pushup

Four month

Visually tracks

Smiles,objects
laughs
moving
Can bear
weight on legs
Coos when
you talk to him

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Can
grasp a toy
Rolls over,
from tummy to
back

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)
Rolls over,
from tummy to
back
Turns toward
loud sounds
Can bring
hands together,
bats at toys
Imitates sounds
: "baba," "dada"

Cuts first tooth

May be ready
for solid foods

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Five month

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

Distinguishes b
etween bold
colors
Plays with his
hands and feet

Recognizes
own name

Turns toward n
ew sounds

Sits
momentarily
without support
Mouths
objects

Separation anxi
ety
may begin
Lunges
forward or
starts crawling
Jabbers or
combines
syllables
Drags objects
toward himself

Rolls over in
both directions
Six month

Turns toward
sounds and
voices

Imitates sounds
Rolls over in
both directions

Is ready for soli

d foods
Sits without
support
Mouths
objects

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Seven month

Eight month

Mastered Skills
(most kids can
do)

Emerging Skills
(half of kids can
do)

Advanced Skills
(a few kids can
do)

Sits without
support
Drags objects
toward herself

Lunges forward
or starts crawling
Jabbers or
combines
syllables
Starts to
experience
stranger anxiety

Says "mama"
and "dada" to
both parents (isn't
specific)
Passes objects
from hand to han
d

Stands while
holding onto
something
Crawls
Points at objects
Searches for
hidden objects

Waves goodbye
Stands while
holding onto
something
Bangs objects
together
Begins to
understand
object permanenc
e
Pulls self to
standing, cruises
Picks things up
with thumb-finger
pincer grasp
Indicates wants
with gestures

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Nine month

Ten month

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

Stands while
holding onto
something
Jabbers or
combines
syllables
Understands
object permane
nce

Cruises while
holding onto
furniture
Drinks from a
sippy cup

Eats with finger

s

Plays pattycake and peeka-boo

Says "mama"
and "dada" to
the correct
parent

Bangs objects
together
Waves
Says "mama"
goodbye
and "dada" to
Picks things up the correct
with
parent
pincer grasp
Indicates
Crawls well,
wants with

Stands alone
for a couple of
seconds
Puts objects
into a container

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

11th month

12th month

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

Says "mama"
and "dada" to
the correct
parent
Plays pattycake and peeka-boo
Stands alone
for a couple of
seconds
Cruises

Understands "no
"
and simple
instructions
Puts objects
into a container

Says one word

besides "mama"
and "dada"
Stoops from
standing
position

Imitates
others' activities
Indicates
wants with
gestures

Takes a few
steps
Says one word
besides "mama"
and "dada"

Walks alone
Scribbles with
a crayon
Says two
words besides

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

13th month

Uses two
words skillfully
(e.g., "hi" and
"bye")
Bends over
and picks up an
object

Enjoys gazing
at his reflection
Holds out arm
or leg to
help you dress h
im

Combines
words and
gestures to
make needs
known
Rolls a ball
back and forth

14th month

Eats with fingers

Empties
containers of
contents
Imitates others

Toddles well
Initiates
games
Points to one
body part when
asked
Responds to
instructions
(e.g., "give me a

Uses a
spoon or fork
Matches lids
with appropriate
containers

Pushes and pulls

toys while
walking

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

15 month

Plays with ball

Uses three
words regularly
Walks
backward

Scribbles with
a crayon
Runs
Adopts "no" as
his favorite word

"Helps" around
the house
Puts his fingers
to his mouth and
says "shhh"

16 month

Turns the
pages of a book
Has
temper tantrums
when frustrated
Becomes
attached to a
soft toy or other
object

Discovers the
joy of climbing
Stacks three
blocks
Uses
spoon or fork
Learns the
correct way to
use common
objects (e.g., the

Takes off one pie

ce of clothing
by himself
Gets
finicky about foo
d
Switches from
two naps to one

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Child's Age

Mastered
Skills (most
kids can do)

Emerging
Skills (half of
kids can do)

Advanced
Skills (a few
kids can do)

17 month

Uses six words

regularly
Enjoys
pretend games
Likes riding
toys

Feeds doll
Speaks more
clearly
Throws a ball
underhand

Dances to
music
Sorts toys by
color, shape, or
size
Kicks ball
forward

18 month

Will
"read" board boo
ks
on his own
Scribbles well

Strings two
words together
in phrases
Brushes teeth
with help
Stacks four
blocks

Throws a ball
overhand
Takes toys
apart and puts
them back
together
Shows signs of
toilet training re
adiness

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Memandang
Mengangkat
Memberi
Senyum

Satu
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Mula
Mengangkat
Memberi
Menegakkan

Dua bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Mula
Mengangkat
Memberi
Menegakkan

Tiga bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Memusingkan
Menggenggam
Berpijak

Empat
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Mula
Memasukkan
Duduk
Memusingkan
Mengenali
Bermain

Lima bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Bergerak
Memasukkan
Duduk
Memusingkan
Memegang

Enam
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Bergerak
Berdiri
Duduk
Menarik
Memusingkan
Mula

Tujuh
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Merangkak
Menarik
Mengambil
Mencari
Menunjuk
Menghantar

Lapan
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Menarik
Makan
Berjalan
Memahami

Sembila
n bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Berdiri
Merangkak
Melambaikan

Sepuluh
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Berdiri
Memasukkan
Bertatih

Sebelas
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Berminat
Berjalan

Dua
belas
bulan

NORMAL DEVELOPMENT
MILESTONE
Membantu
Membongkokkan
Berjalan

Tiga
belas
bulan

Jenis-jenis Kecacatan
Kecatatan fizikal
- Melibatkan kehilangan keupayaan dalam
kawalan pergerakan, mobiliti, penglihatan,
percakapan dan pembelajaran.
- Contoh: Cerebral palsy, spina bifida, down
syndrome dan cystis fibrisis.
Kecatatan perkembangan
- Melibatkan proses perkembangan, tumbesaran,
dan kematangan yang teganggu atau lambat .
- Contoh: Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD),
Dyslexia, Down's Syndrome or Mental Retardation,
Learning disorder dan Learning Disability.

Pengenalan Senaman
Mengikut Kecacatan
Kecacatan fizikal
- Tujuan rawatan adalah untuk meningkatkan
atau mengekalkan flexiblity (regangan),
kekuatan otot, pergerakan dan kefungsian
pesakit.
- Semua rawatan adalah berbeza antara satu
pesakit dan pesakit yang lain bergantung
kepada tahap kecacatan dan keperluan
pesakit tersebut.

Pengenalan Senaman
Mengikut Kecacatan
Kecatatan perkembangan
- Tujuan rawatan adalah untuk memastikan
pesakit dapat mencapai tahap perkembangan
sekurang-kurangnya hampir atau seperti
perkembangan kanak-kanak yang normal
mengikut.

Pengenalan Senaman
Mengikut Kecacatan
Sesi senaman perlu melibatkan guru yang mengajar
dan penjaga.
Guru yang mengajar perlu tahu tahap kecacatan dan
keperluan pesakit tersebut sebelum memberikan
sebarang rawatan dari ahli fisioterapi yang bertugas.
Guru yang mengajar perlu meningkatkan tahap
senaman dari masa ke semasa untuk memastikan
guru dapat mencapai target yang diinginkan seperti
yang diarahkan oleh ahli fisioterapi.
Memastikan penjaga dapat memahami dan
melakukan senaman yang telah diajar .

Pengenalan Senaman
Mengikut Kecacatan
Peranan penjaga adalah mempelajari jenisjenis senaman yang telah di ajar dan
malakukannya mengikut arahan guru.
Memberi maklumbalas mengenai sebaang
perubahan yang berlaku kepada guru bagi
memudahkan perawatan diberikan.

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