In Building DAS Introduction,

Troubleshooting & Guidelines

Muhammad Fakharul Hilme Bakar
DiGi TELECOMMUNICATIONS SDN BHD - CUSTOMER & OPERATIONS/NPR/RAP/RAM/IBC

9th Sept 2014

Content:

Introduction to IBC/IBS
RF Passive component
IBC Site Naming Convention
Net Monitor for Android with Updated Cell Database
IBC CAS - Combining Circuit Diagram
IBC Schematic Diagram (using iBwave)
Common Issue faced in IBC and its Troubleshooting, Solution or
Mitigation

Introduction to IBC/IBS:

IBC stands for In-Building Coverage, also

known as IBS In-Building Solution.
In-Building Coverage includes everything
you need for dedicated indoor coverage.
It provides the capacity your subscribers
demand on data especially with LTE, and
continuous demand for faster speeds data
means you have to provide radio coverage
everywhere your subscribers want it.
Operators provide IBS to overcome
Coverage Issues, Quality Issues and to
Increase Capacity.
As mentioned in the figure, at different
heights we have different issues.
When we provide an IBS we need to clearly
identify the issue and then needed to
provide a suitable solution for that.

Introduction to IBC/IBS:
Type of In-Building Solution?
Passive System

Active System

Characteristic

Characteristic

Consists of fiber and active module (Main

Unit & Remote Unit) which is an amplifier

Independent on cable length

Power output of the active components is

dependent on the number of carriers in
the system

Distribute RF signal from BTS/RRU

to antennas inside a building using
coaxial cable and passive
components

Each RU/RAU can support up to 8

antennas.

Power level at each antenna must

be calculated due to coax and
passive splitting component losses

Passive components power

splitter, coupler and combiner

Introduction to IBC/IBS:
Passive System
Distributed RRU

Centralized RRU

Characteristic

All equipment (BBU & RRU) located in the

same equipment room/location.

Characteristic

OnlyBBUinstalledinsideequipmentroom.

Ideal for small complex building with less

antennas.

RRU installed at all different location based on

design requirement .

Using a lot of big size cable as main trunk

cable to connect between RRU to the inbuilding antenna.

Idealforhighrisebuildingorlargebuilding
complexsuchasshoppingmallwithlotof
antennas.

Using fiber in between BBU towards RRU.

Use less of big size cable as main trunk cable to

connect between RRU to the in-building antenna.

RF Passive Component: Splitter

DIN-type splitter

N-type splitter

2-way splitter
I
N
P
U
T

O
U
T
P
U
T

3-way splitter

4-way splitter

I
N
P
U
T

O
U
T
P
U
T

RF Passive Component: Directional

Coupler

6dB, 8dB, 10dB, 13dB, 15dB, 20dB, 30dB

N-type coupler
Straight
Output

DIN-type coupler
Straight
Output

I
N
P
U
T
Coupling
Output

Coupling
Output

RF Passive Component: Hybrid

Coupler / Combiner

2x2 N-type HC
IN PORT

OUT PORT

2x2 DIN-type HC

IN PORT

IN PORT

OUT PORT

OUT PORT

4x4 DIN-type HC

OUT PORT

IN PORT

RF Passive Component:
Combiner/Triplexer/Diplexer/Duplexer

OUT PORT

OUT PORT
OUT PORT

IN PORT
IN PORT
Triplexer 900/1800/2100

Triplexer 1800/2100/2600

IN PORT
Diplexer 1800/2100

OUT PORT
Downlink Out Port

IN PORT
900 or 800 or 2100

Uplink Out Port

IN PORT
Triplexer 900/1800/2100/2600

Duplexer

RF Passive Component:
Terminator/Dummy Load

N-type DL

DIN-type DL

RF Passive Component: Attenuator

N-type male to N-type female attenuator

RF Passive Component: POI (Point of

Interface)
Custom POI

IBC Site Naming Convention:

BTS ID - In ZTE OMM, the range of Site ID is from 1 to 24.

For GSM 900M and DCS 1800M

Frequency/Scene BTS ID
DCS 1800
0(out-omni), 1-4 (outdoor) , 5-6(dynamic), 7-9(indoor)
GSM 900
10(out-omni),11-14 (outdoor) ,15-16(dynamic),17-19(indoor)
Notes:
If there is just one sector for indoor, the BTS ID should be 9(DCS1800) or 19(GSM 900).
For the outdoor cell ,the BTS ID should start from 1 to 4,for the indoor cell the BTS ID start from 9 to 7.
5-6/15-16 will be use when the sector-outdoor more than 4 or sector-indoor is more than 3.
For example:
For outdoor cells:
Frequency
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800

Sector
1-outdoor
2-outdoor
3-outdoor
4-outdoor
5-outdoor
6-outdoor

BTS ID
1
2
3
4
5
6

For indoor cells:

Frequency
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800
DCS1800

Sector
1-indoor
2-indoor
3-indoor
4-indoor
5-indoor

BTS ID
9
8
7
6
5

IBC Site Naming Convention:

Cell Name(USERLABEL) - In ZTE OMM, the Maximum length of Cell Name is 40 characters.
The format as follow: Current Site ID + "-" + T+B + BTS Sequence

T = Cell Type: D for macro, B for inBuilding, P for pBTS, M for mBTS
B = Band: D for 1800M, G for 900M, U for U2100, L for L2600
BTS Sequence = relates with BTS ID and base on last number of BTS ID, it is used from 0 to 9
Scenario

CurrentSiteID

T(CellType)

B(Band)

BTSSequence

CellNameafterswap

Sector 1 (900)
Sector 2 (900)
Sector 3 (900)

1078A
1078A
1078A

B
B
B

G
G
G

9
8
7

1078A-BG9
1078A-BG8
1078A-BG7

Scenario

CurrentSiteID

T(CellType)

B(Band)

BTSSequence

CellNameafterswap

Sector 1 (1800)
Sector 2 (1800)
Sector 3 (1800)
Sector 4 (1800)

1079A
1079A
1079A
1079A

B
B
B
B

D
D
D
D

9
8
7
6

1079A-BD9
1079A-BD8
1079A-BD7
1079A-BD6

Scenario

CurrentSiteID

T(CellType)

B(Band)

BTSSequence

CellNameafterswap

Sector 1 (2100)
Sector 2 (2100)
Sector 3 (2100)
Sector 4 (2100)

1078A
1078A
1078A
1079A

B
B
B
B

U
U
U
U

9
8
7
6

1078A-BU19
1078A-BU18
1078A-BU17
1079A-BU16

Scenario

CurrentSiteID

T(CellType)

B(Band)

BTSSequence

CellNameafterswap

Sector 1 (2600)
Sector 2 (2600)
Sector 3 (2600)
Sector 4 (2600)

1078A
1078A
1078A
1079A

B
B
B
B

L
L
L
L

9
8
7
6

1078A-BL19
1078A-BL18
1078A-BL17
1079A-BL16

NetMonitor for Android with Updated

Cell Database:

Latest Netmonitor Cell DB file: DiGi-2G3GLTE_05012015.clf.

Kindly download the attached file and unzip it at any folder. Then follow below steps;

*Step No.3 - You need to remove the existing Cell DB first to avoid software conflict. Those who never use it before may
skip the step no.3.

Copy the *.clf file into this directory: /data/netmonitor

Load the app, press Manage DB
Press Remove DB Pick an operator to remove Please tick 50216
Press Import Data Type select Clf v3.0 (Dec)
Press Import DBSelect the file ZTE_11082014.clf
You will see progress of the file updating
When it is done, restart the app, you should be able to see the name there, below the Signal.

DiGi-2G3GLTE_05
012015.clf

IBC CAS Combining Circuit Diagram:

For G1800, W2100, L2600

For use of dummy load here recommended

with minimum 250watt

For G1800 & W2100

Combining circuit for sharing system are built with ready for all operator in Malaysia

IBC Scheamatic Diagram (using

iBwave):

Combining circuit for sharing system are built with ready for all operator in Malaysia

Common Issue faced in IBC and its

Troubleshooting, Solution or Mitigation
Problem/Issue
High RTWP

Possible Root course

Bad passive component connection
Faulty component
Low PIM component used
High number of HSUPA user

VSWR

Faulty component
Poor component connection
Hardware faulty
RRU failed to calibrate

Intermodulation

Freq inteference
Used low PIM component
Software hang

Retune freq
Use high PIM component
Soft-reset hardware.

Software hang
Hardware faulty
Poor component connection
Faulty component (HC)
Freq inteference

Soft-reset hardware.
Rerplace RRU or IBC passive component
Tighen the connection
Replace faulty component
Retune freq
Replace RRU

Poor Coverage

Poor design issue, not 3G design.

Component not 3G compliance
Faulty antenna/component

Add new antenna to cover blind spot

Replace to compliance component

Congestion

Limited Carrier/TRX assigned

High number of user
Poor signal quality, Weak coverage,
Capacity problem, handover problem, reselection problem

Upgrade carrier/TRX, add more card

Add more sector or splitting the site
Neighbor cell optimization, coverage optimization, freq
optimization, capacity optimization, parameter
optimization

Sleeping Cell
KPI sudden degrade
UL Quality

Call Drop, Signal exist

but call cannot get
through

Solution
Freq scanning for illegal channel or device.
Replace/Repair poor connection.
Replace/Repair faulty connection.
Use high PIM component (>140dbc PIM).
Turn off HSUPA to reduce HSUPA traffic to improve RTWP.
Perform PIM test.
Replace faulty component dummy load\HC\
Tighten connection
Replace RRU

Thank You