Chapter 5

Sine wave permanent-magnet

brushless motor drives

The characteristic features of the

brushless DC motors
(1) Rectangular distribution of
magnet flux in the air gap.
(2) Rectangular current waveforms.
(3) Concentrated stator windings.
The sine wave motor differs in all
three respects

(1) sinusoidal or quasi-sinusoidal

distribution of magnet flux in the air gap;
(2) sinusoidal or quasi-sinusoidal current
waveforms;
(3) quasi-sinusoidal distribution of stator
conductors; i.e. short-pitched and
distributed or concentric stator windings.

 The quasi-sinusoidal distribution of magnet

flux around the air gap is achieved by tapering
the magnet thickness at the pole edges and by
using a shorter magnet pole arc, typically 120.
The quasi-sinusoidal current waveforms are
achieved through the use of PWM inverters
which may be current regulated to produce the
best possible approximation to a pure sine
wave.

 The stator conductors are distributed as a

sine-distributed conductor density around
the stator bore, such that in any angle d
the number of conductors is
By integrating this expression over one-half
of an electrical pole-pitch, i.e., from 0 to
n/2p, and noting that one turn comprises
two conductors in series, the number of
turns per pole N is determined to be

Synchronous reactance
Earlier we showed that three sinedistributed phase windings carrying
balanced three-phase sinusoidal
currents produce a sine-distributed
ampere conductor distribution
represented by the expression

Phasor diagram

Torque Speed Characterstics

Vector Control of PMSM

Self control of PMSM

Thank you