C ITIN G

S O U R C ES

P U R P O SE FO R C ITIN G
SO U R C ES

1. To give credit to the original

author
work
2. To promote scholarly writing
3. To help your target audience

identify your original source.

FO R M S O F
C ITATIO N

1. In-text Citation
2. Reference Citation

STY LE G U ID ES
1. APA -The Public Manual of the

American
Psychological
Association
*Psychology
*Education
*Hotel and Restaurant Management
*Business
*Economics

2.

M LA

The Modern Language Association

Style Guide
* Literature
*Arts
*Humanities

3.

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronic

Engineers
*Engineers

AM A

4.

American Medical Association Manual

Of Style
Medicine
Health
Sciences
Natural Sciences

5.

Chicago
The Chicago Manual Style

* Non academic periodicals

G uide in In-text C itation

* APA , 6th Edition
- Follow the author (latest) year of
publication method. Place the period
after the citation when it is at the end
of the sentence.
- Work with only one author.
1. APA Style is required for Business student majors (Sipacio, 2014).

2. According to Siapo (2014), APA Style is required for Business

student majors .

* A PA , 6 th Edition
For two authors, use & when the

citations are inside the parentheses.

APA Style is required for Business student majors (Sipacio & Barrot, 2014).

A PA , 6 th Edition
For three to five authors, name all

three during first citation. Then use

the primary author followed by et
al, ( which means and authors ) for
subsequent citations.
Sipacio et al. states that in general, the social science emplay this
citation style (2014)
In general, the social sciences employ this citation style (Sipacio et al.
2014).

A PA , 6 th Edition
Direct quotations (less that 40 words)
Hexclaimed that

beginners found the APA style guide too

complex (Sipacio 56) .

A PA , 6 th Edition
Direct quotations (with or more that 40

words)

In his article Poverty in the Philippines Income, Assets and Access ,

Scheliz ( 2005) suggests a list of causes of poverty.

Publisher for the independent Ediciones Era, Marcelo Uribe claims

that many small Spanish language publishers prefer to maintain
extended backlists of older material, for the betterment of Spanish
language literature and the careers of its authors. In one
example, Uribe discusses a situation where his company published
the work of a short story
author that did not sell successfully
during its first print run but later came to be a resource for many
Mexican newspapers because of its backlist availability . "Currently,
the book is in its third printing, it has been translated into French,
English, and Portuguese, and, apart from Mexico, is has been
published in Spanish in Spain, Chile, and Uruguay .

Uribe, M. (2006). Perspectives of a smail Latin American

publisher. Publishing Research Quarterly, 22(3), 36-41. Retrieved

 Many large Spanish language publishing companies have

eliminated their backlist selections for greater profit, cutting the

lifespan of books down to months instead of years. Backlists
allow books to stay in print over long periods of time before the
publishers dispose of them. According to Uribe, once a book

published by a large company

has decreased its sales, the
book is put out of print. "Corporate [publishing] houses only
publish to have a book in the market for a few months and they
take advantage of the sales curve brought by the book's
release, and then they make haste to take it off their list".

Uribe, M. (2006). Perspectives of a smail Latin American

publisher. Publishing Research Quarterly, 22(3), 36-41. Retrieved