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LAMPS
HISTORY
During early 1960s, in an attempt to improve
the colour rendering of mercury lamp different
metals were added to the arc stream of a
mercury lamp.
This resulted in a lamp with improved CRI and
efficacy. Thus metal halide lamps were born.
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CONSTRUCTION
Metal-halide lamps consist of an arc tube with
electrodes, an outer bulb, and a base.
(1)ARC TUBE : Inside thefused quartzarc tube two
tungstenelectrodes doped withthorium, are
sealed into each end and current is passed to
them bymolybdenumfoil seals in the fused silica.
It is within the arc tube that the light is actually
created.
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HALIDE CYCLE
Initially when metal halide lamp is energised
the output spectrum is only due to the
mercury vapour.
Halide remains solid at relatively low
temperatures of the arc tube wall.
As arc tube wall temperature increases ,
halides melt and vaporize.
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WORKING PRINCIPLE
Light is produced by gas discharge that occurs
in an arc tube between two electrodes after
ignition.
Electrical conductivity is established by
ionized filler components.
The electrodes are fed into a completely
sealed discharge vessel.
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OPERATION DIAGRAM
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APPLICATIONS
Industrial facilities where good colour
rendering is required.
Mainly used for sports lighting applications.
In retail shops and lobbies.
In offices and stores.
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ADVANTAGES
More pure white light than the popular HPS
lamps, close to daylight frequencies, which
allows it to be used for growing plants.
More energy efficient than mercury vapour
and halogen lamps.
Great lumen output.
Light colours from 3,000 K to 7,250 K.
Good for indoor (high ceiling areas) and
outdoor use due to good light quality.
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OPERATION TIME
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DISADVANTAGES
Lesser life compared to LEDs, induction lamps
and HPSV.
Expensive per-bulb cost: expensive to
manufacture - many parts to assemble and
materials are not cheap.
Light pollution: the light is so bright that it
produces much more light pollution than HPS
or LPS street lamps.
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