Minimize

z 5 x1 7 x2

Subject to the constraints

2 x1 3 x2 42
3 x1 4 x2 60
x1 x2 18
x1 , x2 0
We shall solve this problem by two phase
method.

Phase I:
Minimize

r R1 R2 R3

Subject to the constraints

2 x1 3 x2 s1
3 x1 4 x2
x1

x2

R1
s2
s3

42
R2

60

R3 18

x1 , x2 , s1 , s2 , s3 , R1 , R2 , R3 0

Here s1,s2,s3 are surplus variables; R1,R2,R3

are artificial variables.

Basic r
r

x1
6
0

x2
8
0

s1
-1
0

s2
-1
0

s3
-1
0

R1
0
-1

R2
0
-1

R3
0
-1

Sol
120
0

R1

-1

42

R2

-1

60

R3

-1

18

2/3

5/3

-1

-1

-8/3

x2

2/3

-1/3

1/3

14

R2

1/3

4/3

-1

-4/3

R3

1/3

1/3

-1

-1/3

Basic r

x1

x2

s1

s2

s3

R1

R2

R3

Sol

2/3

5/3

-1

-1 -8/3

x2

2/3

-1/3

1/3

14

R2

1/3

4/3

-1

-4/3

R3

1/3

1/3

-1

-1/3

1/4

1/4

-1

-1

-5/4

x2

-1/4

1/4

15

s1

1/4

-3/4

-1

3/4

R3

1/4

1/4

-1

-1/4

3/4

Basic r

x1

x2

s1

s2

s3

R1

R2

R3

Sol

1/4

1/4

-1

-1

-5/4

x2

3/4

-1/4

1/4

15

s1

1/4

-3/4

-1

3/4

R3

1/4

1/4

-1

-1/4

-1

-1

-1

x2

-1

-3

s1

-1

-1

-1

x1

-4

-1

12

This is optimal tableau. Thus Phase I has

ended and we now start Phase II with the
starting BFS as the optimal solution of
Phase I.
Phase II:
Minimize z 5 x1 7 x2
subject to the same constraints as given
in the original problem.

Basic z
z

x1
0
-5

x2
0
-7

s1
0
0

s2
-2
0

s3
1
0

R1

R2

R3

Sol
102
0

x2

-1

s1

-1

x1

-4

12

-1

-1

102

x2

-3

s3

-1

x1

-3

12

This is the optimal tableau.

Optimal solution: x1 = 12, x2 = 6
Optimal value : z = 102

Consider the LPP:

Minimize

z 2 x1 5 x2 3 x3

Subject to the constraints

x1 2 x2 x3 20
2 x1 4 x2 x3 50
x1 , x2 , x3 0

Phase I:
Minimize

r R1 R2

Subject to the constraints

x1 2 x2 x3 s1 R1
2 x1 4 x2 x3

20
R2 50

x1 , x2 , x3 , s1 , R1 , R2 0
Here s1 is a surplus variable; R1,R2 are
artificial variables.

Basic r

x1

x2

x3

s1

R1

R2

Sol

2
0

2
0

-1
0

0
-1

0
-1

70
0

3
0

R1
R2

0
0

1
2

-2
4

1
1

-1
0

1
0

0
1

20
50

-1

-3

10

x1

-2

-1

20

R2

-1

-2

10

Basic r

x1

x2

x3

s1

R1

R2

Sol

-1

-3

10

x1

-2

-1

20

R2

-1

-2

10

-1

-1

x1

3/4

-1/2

1/2

1/4

45/2

x2

-1/8

1/4 -1/4

1/8

5/4

This is optimal tableau. Thus Phase I has

ended and we now start Phase II with the
starting BFS as the optimal solution of
Phase I.
Phase II:
Minimize

z 2 x1 5 x2 3x3

subject to the same constraints as given

in the original problem.

Basic z

x1

x2

x3

s1

R1

R2

Sol

0
-2

0
-5

-17/8
-3

1/4
0

205/4
0

x1

3/4

-1/2

45/2

x2

-1/8

1/4

5/4

-1

-2

50

x1

1/2

25

s1

-1/2

Thus the optimal solution is : x1 = 25, x2 = 0, x3 = 0

And the optimal z = Min z = 50.

Minimize

z 2 x1 3x2 x3

Subject to the constraints

x1 4 x2 2 x3 8
3 x1 2 x2

x1 , x2 , x3 0
Ans: Optimal Solution: x1 = 4/5, x2 = 9/5, x3 = 0
Optimal value: z = 7