TUTORIAL 5

By, Faysley Joca Joldin

Soalan 1
No. pengoksidaan

Nama/Formula sebatian

-3

Gas ammonia, NH3

+3

Asid nitrik(III), HNO2

+4

Nitrogen dioksida, NO2

+5

Asid nitrik(V), HNO3

Soalan 2(a)
Peringkat pertama: 4NH3 + 5O2
6H2O
Peringkat kedua: 2NO + O2
Peringkat ketiga: 4NO2 + H2O
+ NO

4NO +
2NO2
2HNO3

Soalan 2(b)
4NH3 + 5O2

4NO + 6H2O

Suhu
Menurunkan suhu(forward reaction)
Ke arah membebaskan haba.
NO yield increases.

Tekanan

Menurunkan tekanan
Bilangan mol right side > left side
Ke arah bilang mol yang lg banyak
NO yield increases (forward reaction)

H = (-)ve

Soalan 2(c)
Suhu: 900oC
Tekanan: 8 atm

Soalan 3
PROSES HABER
N
2

N2 + 3H2
2NH3

H
2

Exothermic reaction
Low temperature
High pressure

Kegunaan ammonia:
Make fertilizer
Make nitric acid
As refrigerant
As domestic cleaning agent

Soalan 4(a)
i. Cl2(g) + 2Fe2+(ak)
2Cl- (ak)

2Fe3+(ak) +

Reduced(oxidizing
agent)

ii.

Cl2(g) + SO32-(ak) + H2O(ce)

2Cl-(ak) + 2H+(ak)

SO43-(ak) +

Soalan 4(b)
NaCl + 4H2SO4 + MnO2
4NaHSO4 + 2H2O

Cl2 + MnCl2 +

H2SO4 cannot oxidise HCl to Cl2.

Manganese(IV) oxide is a strong oxidising agent.
HCl will furthur oxidise to Cl2

Soalan 5(a)
i. Cl2 + H2O

HCl + HOCl

ii. Ketakberkadaran ialah

Soalan 5(b)
i. Cl2 + 2NaOH
H2O
ii. 3Cl2 + 6NaOH
NaClO3 + 3H2O

NaCl + NaOCl +
Sodium chlorate
(I)
Sodium chlorate
(V)

5NaCl +