EFFECT OF PARAMETERS

TEMPERATURE
STRAIN RATE

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE
It is an important factor because the properties of
metal change with an increase in its temperature.
At low temperatures; good surface finish, strength,
hardness and close tolerances can be achieved but
stress required to deform the metal is more.
At high temperatures; ductility, grain structure and
deformability increases but strength, hardness,
surface finish and life of the working tool decreases.
Factors
on which the temperature of workpiece
depends:
o
The initial temperature of the tools and work
material.
o Heat generation due to plastic deformation.
o
Heat generated by friction at the die and work
interface.
o
Heat transfer between the deforming material and
the dies and surrounding environment.

Effect of Strain Rate

It is the rate at which strain is induced in the metal.
It is a measure of deformation rate, as the metal is being
worked at a known speed. (deformation velocity)
Strain rate or deformation velocity is defined as the ratio
of the deformation speed (v) or speed of ram to the
instantaneous height of the work material being
deformed.
Strain rate = v/h
As strain rate increases,
o the metal becomes hardened and flow stress increases.
o the temperature of the work increases due to adiabatic
heating and there is an improved lubrication at the toolwork interface.