Professional Documents
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COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Introduction
Outline
Definition of Computer Graphics
History
Applications of Computer Graphics
Interactive Computer Graphics
graphics is creation,
storage and manipulation of
models and images by the use of
computers.
Model is a representation of an
object.
HISTORY
Early 1960s;
Ivan
Jack
Larry
Author
HISTORY
Early 70s;
In the 80s;
In the 90s;
Standardization of OpenGL.
In the 2000s;
Application Of Computer
Graphics
Medical
imaging
Scientific
visualization
Computer
aided design
Graphical
user interfaces
Games
Entertainment.
Application
ii.
Vertex Processing
iii.
Rasterization
iv.
Fragment Processing
v.
Blending.
hardware
Graphics
software
Hardware
hardcopies
display
hardware
Interfacing
Graphics Hardware
INPUT DEVICES
Logical
What
A
properties
Properties
is returned to program via API
position
An
object identifier.
Graphics Hardware
Categories of input devices;
OUTPUT DEVICES
Types
Graphics Software
Graphics
CORE
PHIGS
Hardware
Hardware
Vector
Raster
graphics Todays standard. A raster is a 2dimensional grid of pixels (picture elements). Each pixel
may be addressed and illuminated independently. So the
primitive operation is to draw a point; that is, assign a
color to a pixel.
Everything
Display Hardware
Types of Display
pixel.
Gray-scale
colour.
Colour
True
Critical
Pixel:
Dot
Reflective Layer
Horizontal polarizer
Vertical polarizer.
Vector Displays
Computation results used to drive the vertical and horizontal axis (X-Y)
Intensity could also be controlled (Z-axis) Used mostly for line drawings
Raster Architecture
Works
Reliable
Graphics
data structure is a
specialized format for
organizing and storing
graphical data.
Colour
It is the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the
eye as a result of the way it reflects or emits light.
The eye can see different colours because the retina is sensitive to different
wavelengths of light.
Colour Model
Abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as
tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components. (e.g.
RGB and CMYK are color models)
Primary Colours:
Red
Green
Blue
Light
Light exists in two forms; The Particle form and The Wave Form.
Components of Light
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet.
Retina
The
CONES
Types of Cones
Red
(R)
Green (G)
Blue
(B)
the eye.
Colour
Surround
effects, adaptation.
Colour Matching
Dominant Wavelength;
The spectral colour which can be mixed with white light in order to
reproduce the desired colour.
Non-spectral Colours;
Spectroradiometer;
Colour Printing
The
Green
IMAGE REPRESENTATION
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
Forms of frame-buffer
Color Representation
THE END