Coal Analysis

MK. Batubara (BB162)

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan Fakultas Teknik
UVRI Makassar
Wahyuni, S.Si., M.Sc

Paramete
rs of Coal
Analysis

Calorific Value

Introduction
The calorific value is the heat produced by the

combustion of a unit quantity of coal in a

bomb calorimeter with oxygen and under a
specified set of conditions (ASTM D-121; ASTM
D-2015; ASTM D-3286; ISO 1928).
the calorific value is determined in a bomb

calorimeter either by a static (isothermal)

method or by an adiabatic method.
The unit is calories per gram (1.0 kcal/kg =

1.8 Btu/lb = 4.187 kJ/kg).

The gross calorific value (GCV) or the higher heating value (HHV)

The difference between the GCV and the NCV

Calorime
ter

Analysis of Calorific Value

Adiabatic calorimeter (ASTM D-2015; this test method

was discontinued without replacement in 2000 but is still

in use in many laboratories) or an isothermal bomb
calorimeter (ASTM D-3286). In these methods, a weighed
sample is burned in an oxygen bomb covered with water
in a container surrounded by a jacket.
The calorific value is calculated from observations made

before and after the combustion.

In the isothermal method (ASTM D-3286; ISO 1928), the

calorific value is determined by burning a weighed

sample of coal in oxygen under controlled conditions, and
the calorific value is computed from temperature
observations made before, during, and after combustion
with appropriate allowances made for the heat
contributed by other processes. (1.8 Btu/lb = 1.0 kcal/kg
= 4.187 kJ/kg)

1030 Btu/lb (2.4 103

kJ/kg)
To allow for the heat of vaporization of
the water.

Or 1055 Btu/lb (2.45 103

Variation of Heat Content of Coal with

Temperature

HEAT CAPACITY

Introduction
The heat capacity of a material is the heat required to

raise the temperature of 1 unit weight of a substance 1

degree, and the ratio of the heat capacity of one
substance to the heat capacity of water at 15C (60F)
in the specific heat.
The heat capacity of coal can be measured by standard
calorimetric methods that have been developed for
other materials (e.g., ASTM C-351). The units for heat
capacity are Btu per pound per degree Fahrenheit
(Btu/lb-F) or calories per gram per degree Celsius (cal/g
C),
The heat capacity of water is 1.0 Btu/lb-F (= 4.2 103
J/kg K), and thus the heat capacity of any material
will always be numerically equal to the specific heat.

Specific Heat of Air-Dried

Coal

Variation
of specific
heat with
moisture
content.
(From
Baughma
n,
1978, p.
172.)

Variatio
n of
specific
heat
with
carbon
content.
(From
Baughm
an,
1978, p.
172.)

Variation
of specific
heat with
volatile
matter
content.
(From
Baughma
n,
1978, p.
172.)